Structure of gas suspension turboexpander

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of air suspension turbine expander structures, belong to high-speed rotating machinery technical field, including fan impeller, cover plate I, shell, partition ring, exhaust hole, main shaft, cover plate II, expansion impeller, air inlet chamber, thrust washer I, radial bearing I, radial washer I, thrust bearing I, air inlet hole, thrust bearing II, radial bearing II, radial washer II and thrust washer II, wherein radial bearing I, thrust bearing I, thrust bearing II and radial bearing II can be dynamic pressure gas bearing or static pressure gas bearing.The utility model proposes a kind of turbine expander structure, the structure can be adapted to different types and size gas bearing, can realize turbine expander in full dynamic pressure, dynamic static pressure and full static pressure three kinds of working type quick switching, to meet different rotational speed adaptability, load characteristics and system complexity application demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of high-speed rotating machinery technology, and in particular relates to a structure of an air-suspended turbine expander. Background Technology

[0002] Turbine expanders perform work by expanding gas and are core equipment in cryogenic engineering, widely used in air separation for oxygen / nitrogen production, LNG liquefaction, petrochemical refrigeration, and industrial waste heat recovery. As a key component of high-speed rotating machinery, bearings determine its performance—gas bearings have become the mainstream choice due to their advantages such as using gas instead of oil, zero pollution, low friction, high-speed resistance, reduced wear, improved precision, and extended lifespan.

[0003] Gas bearings are classified into two categories based on their operating principle: hydrodynamic bearings operate using the kinetic energy of gas and are suitable for high-pressure, high-flow-rate, and high-enthalpy-drop scenarios; hydrostatic bearings operate using static pressure energy and are suitable for medium- and low-pressure, low-flow-rate industrial gas recovery scenarios requiring a stable gas supply. Different operating conditions place varying performance requirements on turbine expanders, directly impacting bearing selection. Changing the bearing type in a traditional turbine expander necessitates a complete redesign of the entire machine, significantly extending the development cycle and increasing time and labor costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model proposes a structure for an air-suspended turbine expander.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an air-suspension turbine expander structure, including a fan impeller, cover plate I, housing, spacer ring, exhaust port, main shaft, cover plate II, expansion impeller, air inlet chamber, thrust washer I, radial bearing I, radial gasket I, thrust bearing I, air inlet port, thrust bearing II, radial bearing II, radial gasket II, and thrust washer II. The fan impeller is fixedly connected to the main shaft by screws, the expansion impeller is fixedly connected to the main shaft by screws, cover plate I is fixedly connected to the housing by screws, cover plate II is fixedly connected to the housing by screws, the housing has an exhaust port and an air inlet port, the air inlet chamber is fixedly connected to cover plate II by screws, thrust washer I, radial bearing I, radial gasket I, and thrust bearing I are installed between cover plate II and spacer ring, and thrust bearing II, radial bearing II, radial gasket II, and thrust washer II are installed between thrust washer II and spacer ring.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the expansion impeller is connected to the main shaft by screws, and the fan impeller is connected to the main shaft by screws. The three parts are connected to form a whole, called the rotor system, which achieves high-speed rotation by relying on gas bearing suspension support technology.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, high-pressure gas is supplied to the air intake chamber. The internal energy of the high-pressure gas can drive the expansion impeller to rotate through expansion work, thereby driving the entire rotor system to rotate.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the housing is machined with an exhaust port and an air inlet port. The air inlet port can supply the required bearing air pressure to the hydrostatic bearing, and the exhaust port can discharge the high-pressure gas inside the housing.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the thrust bearing I and thrust bearing II can be of two types: dynamic pressure gas bearing and static pressure gas bearing. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft. During operation, an air film is formed in the axial gap with the main shaft to provide axial bearing force. When using a dynamic pressure gas bearing, the air film is formed by the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces. When using a static pressure gas bearing, the air film is formed at the gap by the bearing air pressure supplied by the air inlet.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the radial bearing I and radial bearing II can be of two types: dynamic pressure gas bearing and static pressure gas bearing. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft. During operation, an air film is formed in the radial gap with the main shaft to provide radial bearing force. When using a dynamic pressure gas bearing, the air film is formed by the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces. When using a static pressure gas bearing, the air pressure supplied by the air inlet is used to form an air film at the gap.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, when the radial bearing I, thrust bearing I, thrust bearing II and radial bearing II are all hydrostatic gas bearings, there are air supply channels inside the radial bearing I and thrust bearing I, and there are also air supply channels inside the thrust bearing II and radial bearing II, so that the external air source can transmit the bearing air pressure to all hydrostatic bearings through the air inlet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spacer is located between thrust bearing I and thrust bearing II. While constraining the positions of the bearings on both sides, the thrust clearance of the spindle can be adjusted by changing the axial width of the spacer.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the outer diameter of the radial bearing I, thrust bearing I, thrust bearing II and radial bearing II can be changed according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearing from moving radially within the housing, the bearing position can be constrained by changing the radial width of the radial shim I and the radial shim II.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the radial bearing I, thrust bearing I, thrust bearing II and radial bearing II can change their axial width according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearing from moving axially in the housing, the bearing position can be constrained by changing the axial width of thrust shim I and thrust shim II.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages and technical effects: Through the coordinated operation of its components, this utility model forms an air-suspended turbine expander structure, possessing significant advantages and technical effects. Specifically, by changing the types of radial bearing I, thrust bearing I, thrust bearing II, and radial bearing II, the type of turbine expander can be quickly adjusted, covering three types: fully dynamic pressure, dynamic-static pressure, and fully static pressure. When the bearing dimensions change, the bearing position can also be constrained by changing the dimensions of thrust shim I, radial shim I, radial shim II, and thrust shim II. This structure adapts to different speeds, load characteristics, and system complexity requirements, while avoiding the need to redesign the entire machine due to bearing modifications, significantly shortening the development cycle and reducing time and labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-suspended turbine expander according to the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Fan impeller; 2. Cover plate I; 3. Shell; 4. Spacer ring; 5. Exhaust port; 6. Main shaft; 7. Cover plate II; 8. Expansion impeller; 9. Inlet chamber; 10. Thrust washer I; 11. Radial bearing I; 12. Radial washer I; 13. Thrust bearing I; 14. Inlet port; 15. Thrust bearing II; 16. Radial bearing II; 17. Radial washer II; 18. Thrust washer II. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides an air-suspension turbine expander structure, including a fan impeller (1), cover plate I (2), housing (3), spacer ring (4), exhaust port (5), main shaft (6), cover plate II (7), expansion impeller (8), air inlet chamber (9), thrust washer I (10), radial bearing I (11), radial washer I (12), thrust bearing I (13), air inlet port (14), thrust bearing II (15), radial bearing II (16), radial washer II (17), and thrust washer II (18). The fan impeller (1) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (6) by screws, and the expansion impeller (8) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (6) by screws. 6) Fixed connection: The cover plate I (2) is fixedly connected to the housing (3) by screws. The cover plate II (7) is fixedly connected to the housing (3) by screws. The housing (3) has an exhaust hole (5) and an air inlet hole (14). The air inlet chamber (9) is fixedly connected to the cover plate II (7) by screws. Thrust gasket I (10), radial bearing I (11), radial gasket I (12), and thrust bearing I (13) are installed between the cover plate II (7) and the spacer ring (4). Thrust bearing II (15), radial bearing II (16), radial gasket II (17), and thrust gasket II (18) are installed between the thrust gasket II (18) and the spacer ring (4).

[0021] This invention, through the coordinated operation of its components, forms an air-suspension turbine expander structure with significant advantages and technical benefits. Specifically, by changing the type of radial bearing I (1), thrust bearing I (2), thrust bearing II (3), and radial bearing II (4), the turbine expander type can be quickly adjusted, covering three types: fully dynamic pressure, dynamic-static pressure, and fully static pressure. When the bearing size changes, the bearing position can also be constrained by changing the size of thrust washer I (10), radial washer I (12), radial washer II (17), and thrust washer II (18). This structure is adaptable to different speeds, load characteristics, and system complexity requirements, and avoids redesigning the entire machine due to bearing modifications, significantly shortening the development cycle and reducing time and labor costs.

[0022] Further optimization of the scheme: the expansion impeller (8) is connected to the main shaft (6) by screws, and the fan impeller (1) is connected to the main shaft (6) by screws. The three parts are connected to form a whole, called the rotor system, which achieves high-speed rotation by relying on gas bearing suspension support technology.

[0023] Further optimization of the scheme involves supplying high-pressure gas into the intake chamber (9). The internal energy of the high-pressure gas can drive the expansion impeller (8) to rotate through expansion work, thereby driving the entire rotor system to rotate.

[0024] Further optimization scheme: exhaust hole (5) and air inlet hole (14) are machined on the housing (3). The air inlet hole (14) can supply the required bearing air pressure to the hydrostatic bearing, and the exhaust hole (5) can discharge the high pressure gas in the housing (3).

[0025] Further optimization schemes: thrust bearing I (13) and thrust bearing II (15) can be either dynamic pressure gas bearings or static pressure gas bearings. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft (6). During operation, an air film is formed in the axial gap with the main shaft (6) to provide axial load. When using dynamic pressure gas bearings, the dynamic pressure effect generated by the gas flowing between relatively moving surfaces is used to form an air film. When using static pressure gas bearings, the bearing air pressure supplied by the air inlet (14) is used to form an air film at the gap.

[0026] Further optimization schemes: Radial bearing I (11) and radial bearing II (16) can be either dynamic pressure gas bearings or static pressure gas bearings. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft (6). During operation, a gas film is formed in the radial gap with the main shaft (6) to provide radial bearing force. When using dynamic pressure gas bearings, the gas film is formed by the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces. When using static pressure gas bearings, the gas film is formed at the gap by the bearing air pressure supplied by the air inlet (14).

[0027] Further optimization of the scheme: when radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) are all hydrostatic gas bearings, there are air supply channels inside radial bearing I (11) and thrust bearing I (13), and there are also air supply channels inside thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16), so that the external air source can transmit the bearing air pressure to all hydrostatic bearings through the air inlet (14).

[0028] Further optimization of the scheme: when radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) are all hydrostatic gas bearings, there are air supply channels inside radial bearing I (11) and thrust bearing I (13), and there are also air supply channels inside thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16), so that the external air source can transmit the bearing air pressure to all hydrostatic bearings through the air inlet (14).

[0029] Further optimization schemes can be made. The outer diameter of the radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) can be changed according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearing from moving radially in the housing (3), the bearing position can be constrained by changing the radial width of the radial shim I (12) and the radial shim II (17).

[0030] Further optimization schemes can be made. The axial width of radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) can be changed according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearing from moving axially in the housing (3), the bearing position can be constrained by changing the axial width of thrust shim I (10) and thrust shim II (18).

[0031] The working process of this utility model is as follows: an external air source supplies high-pressure gas to the air inlet chamber (9). The internal energy of the high-pressure gas is converted into mechanical energy through adiabatic expansion, which drives the expansion impeller (8) to rotate, thereby driving the rotor system to rotate. According to different bearing type combinations, three types of turbine expanders can be constructed. When radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) are all dynamic pressure gas bearings, the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces forms a gas film, which provides radial and axial load-bearing forces to the rotor system. At this time, it is a fully dynamic pressure turbine expander. When radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) are all static pressure gas bearings, an external air source is required to provide bearing gas pressure through the air inlet (14). The bearing gas pressure forms a gas film at the gap, which provides radial and axial load-bearing forces to the rotor system. At this time, it is a fully static pressure turbine expander. When radial bearing I (11) and radial bearing II (16) are hydrodynamic gas bearings, the hydrodynamic effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces forms a gas film, which provides radial load to the rotor system. When thrust bearing I (13) and thrust bearing II (15) are hydrostatic gas bearings, an external air source is required to provide bearing gas pressure to thrust bearing I (13) and thrust bearing II (15) through the air inlet (14). The bearing gas pressure forms a gas film at the gap, which provides axial load to the rotor system. At this time, it is a hydrostatic turbine expander.

[0032] Any aspects of this utility model that are not detailed herein are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0034] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A structure for an air-suspended turbine expander, comprising a fan impeller (1), a cover plate I (2), a housing (3), a spacer ring (4), an exhaust port (5), a main shaft (6), a cover plate II (7), an expansion impeller (8), an air inlet chamber (9), a thrust washer I (10), a radial bearing I (11), a radial washer I (12), a thrust bearing I (13), an air inlet port (14), a thrust bearing II (15), a radial bearing II (16), a radial washer II (17), and a thrust washer II (18), characterized in that, The impeller (1) of the fan is fixedly connected to the main shaft (6) by screws. The expansion impeller (8) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (6) by screws. The cover plate I (2) is fixedly connected to the housing (3) by screws. The cover plate II (7) is fixedly connected to the housing (3) by screws. The housing (3) has an exhaust hole (5) and an air inlet hole (14). The air inlet chamber (9) is fixedly connected to the cover plate II (7) by screws. Thrust gasket I (10), radial bearing I (11), radial gasket I (12), and thrust bearing I (13) are installed between the cover plate II (7) and the spacer ring (4). Thrust bearing II (15), radial bearing II (16), radial gasket II (17), and thrust gasket II (18) are installed between the thrust gasket II (18) and the spacer ring (4).

2. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion impeller (8) is connected to the main shaft (6) by screws, and the fan impeller (1) is connected to the main shaft (6) by screws. The three parts are connected to form a whole, called the rotor system, which achieves high-speed rotation by relying on gas bearing suspension support technology.

3. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: High-pressure gas is supplied to the intake chamber (9). The internal energy of the high-pressure gas can drive the expansion impeller (8) to rotate through expansion work, thereby driving the entire rotor system to rotate.

4. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (3) is machined with an exhaust port (5) and an air inlet port (14). The air inlet port (14) can supply the required bearing air pressure to the hydrostatic bearing, and the exhaust port (5) can discharge the high-pressure gas inside the housing (3).

5. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust bearing I (13) and thrust bearing II (15) can be either a dynamic pressure gas bearing or a static pressure gas bearing. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft (6). During operation, an air film is formed in the axial gap with the main shaft (6) to provide axial load. When a dynamic pressure gas bearing is used, the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces is used to form an air film. When a static pressure gas bearing is used, the bearing air pressure supplied by the air inlet (14) is used to form an air film at the gap.

6. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial bearing I (11) and radial bearing II (16) can be either a dynamic pressure gas bearing or a static pressure gas bearing. Regardless of the type, there is a gap between them and the main shaft (6). During operation, a gas film is formed in the radial gap with the main shaft (6) to provide radial bearing force. When a dynamic pressure gas bearing is used, the gas film is formed by the dynamic pressure effect generated when the gas flows between relatively moving surfaces. When a static pressure gas bearing is used, the gas pressure supplied by the air inlet (14) is used to form a gas film at the gap.

7. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that: When the radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) are all hydrostatic gas bearings, there are air supply channels inside the radial bearing I (11) and thrust bearing I (13), and there are also air supply channels inside the thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16), so that the external air source can transmit the bearing air pressure to all hydrostatic bearings through the air inlet (14).

8. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer (4) is located between thrust bearing I (13) and thrust bearing II (15). While constraining the position of the bearings on both sides, the thrust clearance of the main shaft (6) can be adjusted by changing the axial width of the spacer (4).

9. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) can be changed according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearing from moving radially in the housing (3), the bearing position can be constrained by changing the radial width of the radial shim I (12) and the radial shim II (17).

10. The air-suspension turbine expander structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial bearing I (11), thrust bearing I (13), thrust bearing II (15) and radial bearing II (16) can have their axial widths changed according to actual needs. In order to prevent the bearings from moving axially within the housing (3), the bearing position can be constrained by changing the axial widths of thrust shims I (10) and thrust shims II (18).

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