Three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system measuring device

Abstract

The utility model provides a three -dimensional adjustable coordinate system measuring device, it includes the movable base that is equipped with on the bottom frame, be equipped with the cantilever on the base, be equipped with the probe sleeve on the cantilever, be equipped with the movable probe on the probe sleeve, be equipped with the locking pin of corresponding cooperation with the probe on the probe sleeve. The utility model provides a measuring device simple structure, convenient operation can accurately measure the relevant data of riverbed scour pit, greatly avoid the error that can produce.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of river ice blockage research in water conservancy projects, specifically a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] Ice blockage is a common ice phenomenon in rivers in cold regions during winter. It forms when submerged ice, ice flakes, and ice fragments accumulate under the ice sheet. Ice blockage affects the hydraulic and boundary conditions of the river channel. Ice jam floods are caused by ice blockages forming in a section of the river, creating a significant difference in water level between the upstream and downstream sections. In meandering river sections, the water flows through the channel in a transverse circulation structure (generated by centrifugal force and gravity), transporting ice flakes and ice fragments floating on the river surface to the concave bank, where they submerge and accumulate at the leading edge of the ice sheet, forming an ice blockage and thickening it. At river hydraulic structures, the width of the ice-carrying flow decreases, leading to an increase in ice concentration (ice volume per unit volume), ultimately resulting in ice blockage and river obstruction.

[0003] Bridge piers obstruct water flow, creating localized turbulence, reducing flow velocity, and generating eddies. This causes ice flakes to accumulate or submerge around the piers, forming ice plugs with uneven thickness distribution. Laboratory measurements typically use the sidewalls of a flume to simulate a riverbank, recording the thickness of ice plug crests and troughs on both sides. In straight flumes, the thickness is equal on both banks when centrifugal force is ignored. In curved flumes, the thickness varies due to circulation. The disturbance of water flow by bridge piers creates local depressions (similar to scour pits), thus forming ice plug depressions near the piers, similar to the scour pits near the piers, complicating the ice plug distribution. Therefore, relying solely on the thickness data of both banks is insufficient to reveal the ice plug transport patterns in curved flumes. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system and a method for measuring riverbed scour pits.

[0005] This application provides the following technical solution: A measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system is characterized in that: it includes a bottom frame, a movable guide rail on the bottom frame, a movable base on the movable guide rail, a cantilever on the base, a probe sleeve installed at one end of the cantilever, a movable probe passing through the probe sleeve, and a locking pin corresponding to and cooperating with the probe on the probe sleeve.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, the following further technical solutions are also possible: An X-axis scale and a Y-axis scale are provided on the bottom frame.

[0007] The probe is provided with a Z-direction scale that extends out and mates with the probe sleeve.

[0008] The movable guide rail moves along the width direction of the bottom frame.

[0009] Advantages of the utility model: The measuring device provided by this utility model has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can accurately measure the relevant data of ice block thickness, greatly avoid possible errors, and ensure that the coordinate origin of each observation is the same. At the same time, due to its adjustable characteristics, this utility model device can be applied to physical model experiments under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a top view of the measuring device. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device in use; Figure 3 The scour pit cloud map was simulated using Surfer software. Detailed Implementation

[0011] like Figure 1-3 As shown, A measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system includes a rectangular bottom frame 1. A pair of slide rails 1a are mounted on the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the bottom frame 1, and movable guide rails 2 are strung across the two slide rails 1a. Locking pins (not shown in the figure) are provided at both ends of the guide rails 2 to cooperate with the slide rails 1a.

[0012] A base 3 with a substitute track wheel 3a is installed on the guide rail 2. The track wheel allows the base 3 to move back and forth along the guide rail 2. The base 3 is also provided with a locking pin that should cooperate with the guide rail 2 (not shown in the figure).

[0013] A cantilever 4 extending obliquely upward is fixed on the base 3. A probe sleeve 5 distributed longitudinally (in the z-axis direction) is installed at one end of the cantilever 4. A probe 6 that can move longitudinally is inserted through the probe sleeve 5. A locking pin 5a that corresponds to and cooperates with the probe 6 is provided on the probe sleeve 5.

[0014] An X-axis scale 8 and a Y-axis scale 7 are mounted on the bottom frame 1. The upper end of the probe 6 is provided with a Z-axis scale 6a that extends upward and is coaxially aligned with the probe sleeve 5.

[0015] The method for measuring ice block layer includes the following steps: 1) Place a sand layer 12 with a thickness of 10cm, a median particle size d50 of 0.713mm, and a non-uniformity coefficient of 1.61 in the test straight groove 11, and then smooth the sand layer 12.

[0016] 2) Insert the columnar object 13 of the simulated bridge pier vertically into the sand layer 12 at the bottom of the test straight groove 11.

[0017] 3) The bottom frame 1 of a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system measuring device is mounted on the wall of the test straight groove 11 above the column 13.

[0018] 4) Then, at a distance of 50m from one side of the column 13, at the sluice gate at one end of the test straight channel 11, and near the ice-adding device, simulated ice particles are released at a set speed. In this test, the flow velocity of the simulated ice particles is 0.026L / s. The water flow and the simulated ice particles are flushed into the test straight channel 11 to wash the column 13. The simulated ice particles are flat polyethylene particles with a diameter of 3.5mm and a thickness of 2mm.

[0019] 5) Move a measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system to obtain data sets in the X, Y, and Z directions of the eroded ice block layer.

[0020] The experimental water level was stabilized at 25 cm, the flow velocity at 0.1 m / s, and the flushing time was 12 h. After the flushing test was completed, sediment was transported with the water flow. At the same time, the thickness of the ice blockage layer 14 was measured at the end of the experiment to collect experimental data. The base of the measuring instrument was placed on the water tank upstream of the pier to be tested, and the coordinate origin was determined according to the scale on the base.

[0021] The probe measures the ice blockage layer on the test surface as the water flows through it. Using movable guide rails 2 and base 3, the probe measures the x-coordinate and y-coordinate using the X-axis scale 8 and Y-axis scale 7 on the bottom frame 1. The probe then determines the z-axis, thus obtaining the thickness of the ice blockage layer around the bridge pier. Measurements are then taken every 45° around the ice blockage layer 14 to determine its depth and shape. The data is then tabulated. Input the scour pit cloud map simulated by Surfer software.

[0022] The experiment also allows for the measurement of the depth and height of the impact crater 16 and the accumulated material 15 at the bridge pier.

Claims

1. A measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system, characterized in that: It includes a bottom frame (1), a movable guide rail (2) on the bottom frame (1), a movable base (3) on the movable guide rail (2), a cantilever (4) on the base (3), a probe sleeve (5) installed at one end of the cantilever (4), a movable probe (6) passing through the probe sleeve (5), and a locking pin (5a) corresponding to and cooperating with the probe (6) on the probe sleeve (5).

2. The measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-direction scale (8) and a Y-direction scale (7) are provided on the bottom frame (1).

3. The measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe (6) is provided with a Z-direction scale (6a) that extends out and corresponds to the probe sleeve (5).

4. The measuring device with a three-dimensional adjustable coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable guide rail (2) moves along the width direction of the bottom frame (1).

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