Tunnel super-long distance construction ventilation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel super long distance construction ventilation device, including air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe, the air inlet pipe is used in pair, is located the left and right sides in the tunnel, the exhaust pipe also is used in pair, is located the upper and lower ends in the tunnel, one end of air inlet pipe is located outside the tunnel, the other end is located at the working face, and one end connected with air inlet fan is located outside the tunnel, and the air is sent to the tunnel through air inlet fan, and the one end at the working face is equipped with the gas delivery port, one end of exhaust pipe is located outside the tunnel, the other end is located in the tunnel, and one end connected with exhaust fan is located outside the tunnel, and the gas in the tunnel is extracted through exhaust fan, and one end located in the tunnel is equipped with the suction port, and the position of suction port is closer to the tunnel mouth relative to the gas delivery port. Through the gas delivery port gas transmission in the left and right sides, make fresh air directly transport to the height that is closer to the head of operating personnel, and the tunnel internal air of upper and lower ends is extracted through the suction port, realizes the high -efficient ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this utility model belong to the field of tunnel ventilation technology, and more specifically, relate to a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, long tunnels play an irreplaceable role in overcoming terrain obstacles such as high mountains and deep valleys, shortening spatial distances, and improving the operational quality of land transportation projects. Against the backdrop of the nation's accelerated implementation of the Western Development Strategy and the construction of highways and railways in the central and western regions, and to adapt to the natural environmental factors of the western region, such as high altitude, low air pressure, complex hydrogeology, and harsh climate conditions, highway and railway tunnels are showing a general trend of being "more numerous, larger, longer, and deeper." This trend brings many technical challenges to tunnel construction. Ensuring effective ventilation and maintaining air quality inside long tunnels is one of the urgent problems to be solved.

[0003] For long tunnels, if ventilation during construction cannot be adequately addressed to provide a good working environment, construction organization will be more difficult, personnel efficiency will be lower, thus affecting the project's progress and increasing the difficulty of quality and safety control. Therefore, during the construction of long tunnels, to meet the basic oxygen needs of personnel and equipment, ventilation requires a greater air volume than tunnels of the same cross-section in plain areas. With the increase in the length of tunnel ventilation ducts, the frictional resistance and local resistance of the ducts increase, inevitably requiring a corresponding increase in air pressure and fan power. Furthermore, tunnel drilling and blasting operations, trackless transportation, and other processes cause severe air pollution inside the tunnel, further exacerbating the conflict between climatic characteristics and the ventilation needs of tunnel construction. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, this utility model provides a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction. It delivers fresh air directly to the left and right sides of the tunnel face through air inlets, so that the fresh air is delivered directly to a height close to the head of the workers. It also draws out the air inside the tunnel at the upper and lower ends through air inlets, so as to achieve high-efficiency ventilation, reduce the height of the original air in the tunnel that passes through the workers' breathing height during ventilation, and avoid the pollution gases generated during construction from causing harm to the workers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction, including an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe; The air intake pipes are used in pairs and are located on the left and right sides inside the tunnel; the exhaust pipes are also used in pairs and are located at the upper and lower ends inside the tunnel. One end of the air intake pipe is located outside the tunnel, and the other end is located at the working face. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an air intake fan, which supplies air into the tunnel. An air outlet is located at the end located at the working face. One end of the exhaust pipe is located outside the tunnel, and the other end is located inside the tunnel. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an exhaust fan, which extracts the gas inside the tunnel. The end located inside the tunnel is provided with an air intake, which is located closer to the tunnel entrance than the air outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the two intake pipes bend towards each other at the ends near the working face, and multiple air outlets are arranged on the side of the bends near the working face. The angle between the air outlets and the working face gradually increases along the direction towards the alignment of the two intake pipes until the foremost air outlet is parallel to the working face.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is provided between the two air intake pipes. There are two connecting pipes, each inclined in the direction of air delivery from one side of the air intake pipe to the other side, that is, with one side of the air intake pipe as the inlet and the other side of the air intake pipe as the outlet. A one-way valve is provided at the inlet end of both connecting pipes, and the one-way valve opens towards the outlet end.

[0008] Furthermore, guide plates are provided on both sides of the end of the air intake near the working face, and the guide plates are inclined toward the air intake.

[0009] Furthermore, the air intake is an angled opening, and two air intakes are arranged opposite each other. The air intake is also provided with multiple partitions, which are arranged horizontally, connected at the rear end by a ring, and extended directly to the angled part of the air intake. A filter screen is also provided at the air intake.

[0010] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is also equipped with a dust collector, which includes a dust removal chamber and a collection chamber. The dust removal chamber and the collection chamber are separated by inclined plates, and a pair of inclined plates are provided, with the two inclined plates arranged opposite each other.

[0011] Furthermore, both the input and output ends of the dust removal chamber are equipped with connecting pipes, which are connected to the exhaust pipes. A cross plate is provided at the center of the dust removal chamber, and the cross plate is rotatably connected to the dust removal chamber through a rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, an arc-shaped sieve plate is fixed at the output end of the dust removal chamber. The radius of the arc-shaped sieve plate is the same as the rotation radius of the cross plate, and sieve holes are opened on its surface. The cross-shaped plate has four blades, each with an arc-shaped end; The top of the arc-shaped sieve plate is provided with an extended horizontal plate that extends to the input end of the dust removal chamber. Both the input and output ends of the dust removal chamber are provided with baffles. The baffle at the output end is fixed to the bottom end of the arc-shaped sieve plate as a whole.

[0013] Furthermore, in the cross plate, one pair of non-adjacent blades is a straight sieve plate, and the other pair of non-adjacent blades is a straight baffle plate. The surface of the straight sieve plate has multiple sieve holes, and the straight baffle plate is a complete windbreak plate. The end of the straight baffle is also provided with a scraper on the side facing the rotation direction of the arc-shaped screen plate. When the cross plate rotates, the scraper is in contact with the arc-shaped screen plate, and a gap is reserved between the end of the straight screen plate and the arc-shaped screen plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the baffle at the input end of the dust removal chamber is also provided with spring strips at both ends. The contact surface between the spring strips and the cross plate is inclined, which provides damping for the rotation of the cross plate.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution conceived by this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The tunnel ultra-long distance construction ventilation device of this utility model delivers fresh air directly to the left and right sides of the working face through the air inlet, so as to deliver fresh air directly to a height close to the head of the workers. It also draws out the air inside the tunnel at the upper and lower ends through the air inlet to achieve high-efficiency ventilation, reduce the height of the original air in the tunnel that passes through the workers' breathing height during ventilation, and avoid the pollution gases generated during construction from causing harm to the workers.

[0016] 2. This utility model's tunnel long-distance construction ventilation device, by setting air inlets at different angles to the tunnel face, allows the airflow to cover most of the tunnel face, increasing the area of ​​gas exchange in the tunnel and preventing large amounts of polluted gas from remaining in corners. Furthermore, the gas input from both sides of the air inlets generates convection, ultimately flowing towards the outside of the tunnel and being drawn into the exhaust pipe by the intake port.

[0017] 3. The tunnel ultra-long-distance construction ventilation device of this utility model is equipped with a filter screen and a dust collector on the exhaust pipe. The filter screen coarsely filters large-volume impurities in the polluted gas, and then the dust collector finely filters the polluted gas after coarse filtration to eliminate particulate matter. On the one hand, it avoids direct discharge to pollute the external environment, and on the other hand, it avoids damage to the exhaust fan. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of a tunnel ventilation device for ultra-long-distance construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of a tunnel ventilation device for ultra-long-distance construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake structure of a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air intake of a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collector structure of a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust collector in a tunnel long-distance construction ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the dust collector structure of a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross plate structure of a tunnel ventilation device for ultra-long-distance construction, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-inlet pipe, 2-inlet fan, 3-air outlet, 4-connecting pipe, 5-one-way valve, 6-exhaust pipe, 7-exhaust fan, 8-inlet, 801-partition plate, 802-filter screen, 9-dust collector, 901-dust removal chamber, 902-collection chamber, 903-inclined plate, 904-side plate, 905-rotating shaft, 906-cross plate, 9061-straight screen plate, 9062-straight baffle plate, 9063-scraper, 907-arc screen plate, 908-baffle bar, 909-spring bar, 10-guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in the figure, this utility model embodiment provides a ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction, including an air inlet pipe 1 and an exhaust pipe 6. The air inlet pipes 1 are used in pairs and are located on the left and right sides inside the tunnel. The exhaust pipes 6 are also used in pairs and are located at the upper and lower ends inside the tunnel. One end of the air inlet pipe 1 is located outside the tunnel, and the other end is located at the tunnel face. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an air intake fan 2, which supplies air into the tunnel. The end located at the tunnel face is provided with an air outlet 3. One end of the exhaust pipe 6 is located outside the tunnel, and the other end is located inside the tunnel. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an exhaust fan 7, which extracts gas from the tunnel. The end located inside the tunnel is provided with an air intake 8, which is located closer to the tunnel entrance than the air outlet 3. Air is supplied through the air inlet 3 on both sides of the tunnel face, allowing fresh air to be delivered directly to a height close to the workers' heads. Air is then drawn out from the tunnel interior at both ends through the air intake 8, achieving high-efficiency ventilation. This reduces the height at which the original air in the tunnel flows past the workers' breathing point during ventilation, thus avoiding harm to the workers from polluted gases generated during construction.

[0022] The two air intake pipes 1 are bent in opposite directions at the ends near the working face. Multiple air outlets 3 are arranged on the side of the bend near the working face. The angle between the air outlets 3 and the working face gradually increases along the direction towards the centering of the two air intake pipes 1 until the foremost air outlet 3 is parallel to the working face.

[0023] Understandably, by setting air inlets 3 at different angles to the tunnel face, the airflow can cover most of the tunnel face, increasing the area of ​​gas exchange in the tunnel and preventing a large amount of polluted gas from remaining in the corners. Furthermore, the gas input from the two air inlets 3 generates convection, and ultimately flows towards the outside of the tunnel, being drawn into the exhaust pipe 6 by the intake port 8.

[0024] As a further preferred embodiment, the bent portion of the air intake pipe 1 is close to the direction of the alignment of the two air intake pipes 1, and the pipe diameter gradually decreases to ensure the pressure of the air output in each air outlet 3 and avoid insufficient pressure in the air outlet 3 that outputs air later.

[0025] A connecting pipe 4 is also provided between the two air inlet pipes 1. There are two connecting pipes 4, each inclined in the direction of air delivery from one air inlet pipe 1 to the other air inlet pipe 1, that is, one air inlet pipe 1 is the inlet and the other air inlet pipe 1 is the outlet. A one-way valve 5 is provided at the inlet end of both connecting pipes 4, which opens towards the outlet end. The connecting pipes 4 connect the air inlet pipes 1 to balance the air pressure in the two air inlet pipes 1, so that the air pressure output from the air outlet 3 is the same, and the airflow flows smoothly out of the tunnel.

[0026] The air intake 8 is also provided with guide plates 10 on both sides near the working face. The guide plates 10 are inclined toward the air intake 8. The airflow on both sides is concentrated in the middle by the guide plates 10, so that the air intake 8 can suck out the polluted gas in the tunnel.

[0027] like Figure 3 , 4 The air intake 8 shown is an angled opening, and two air intakes 8 are arranged opposite each other. Multiple baffles 801 are also provided in the air intake 8. The baffles 801 are arranged horizontally, connected at their rear ends by a ring, and extend directly to the angled part of the air intake 8 at their front ends. A filter screen 802 is also provided at the air intake 8. By setting the air intake 8 as an angled opening, the air intake area is increased, allowing it to quickly extract polluted gas over a larger area. The baffles 801 divide the air intake 8 into multiple air intake chambers, ensuring that the rear ends of each air intake chamber are on the same plane in the exhaust pipe 6 and are simultaneously subjected to the negative pressure of the exhaust fan 7, thus ensuring that the air intake effect is the same at each position of the air intake 8.

[0028] like Figure 5-7 As shown, the exhaust pipe 6 is also equipped with a dust collector 9, which includes a dust removal chamber 901 and a collection chamber 902. The dust removal chamber 901 and the collection chamber 902 are separated by inclined plates 903. A pair of inclined plates 903 are provided, and the two inclined plates 903 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the polluted gas entering the exhaust pipe 6 is finely filtered in the dust removal chamber 901, and the sediment in it is blocked and falls into the collection chamber 902 for collection along the inclined plates 903. This avoids the sediment from damaging the exhaust fan 7 and prevents it from being discharged into the outside air and causing environmental pollution.

[0029] The dust removal chamber 901 has connecting pipes at both its input and output ends, which connect to the exhaust pipe 6. A cross plate 906 is located at the center of the dust removal chamber 901, and this cross plate 906 is rotatably connected to the dust removal chamber 901 via a rotating shaft 905. An arc-shaped sieve plate 907 is fixed to the output end of the dust removal chamber 901. The radius of the arc-shaped sieve plate 907 is the same as the rotation radius of the cross plate 906, and its surface has sieve holes. The cross plate 906 has four blades, each with an arc-shaped end. An extending horizontal plate extends from the top of the arc-shaped sieve plate 907 to the input end of the dust removal chamber 901. A baffle 908 is located at the lower edge of both the input and output ends of the dust removal chamber 901, with the baffle 908 at the output end fixed integrally with the bottom end of the arc-shaped sieve plate 907.

[0030] The arc-shaped sieve plate 907 has side plates 904 on both sides. The arc-shaped sieve plate 907 is fixed on the side plates 904, and the arc-shaped sieve plate 907, the side plates 904 and the cross plate 906 form a cavity that allows air to enter and exit only at the input and output ends.

[0031] like Figure 8As shown, in the cross plate 906, one pair of non-adjacent blades is a straight screen plate 9061, and the other pair of non-adjacent blades is a straight baffle plate 9062. The straight screen plate 9061 has multiple screen holes on its surface, and the straight baffle plate 9062 is a complete windbreak plate. A scraper 9063 is also provided on the side of the straight baffle plate 9062 facing the rotation direction of the arc-shaped screen plate 907. When the cross plate 906 rotates, the scraper 9063 is in contact with the arc-shaped screen plate 907, and a gap is reserved between the end of the straight screen plate 9061 and the arc-shaped screen plate 907.

[0032] The baffle 908 at the input end of the dust removal chamber 901 is also provided with spring strips 909 at both ends. The contact surface between the spring strip 909 and the cross plate 906 is an inclined surface, which provides damping for the rotation of the cross plate 906.

[0033] Under normal ventilation conditions, the cross plate 906 rotates until the straight screen plate 9061 is in a vertical position and the straight baffle 9062 is in a horizontal position. Polluted gas enters the dust collection chamber 901 from the inlet, is filtered by the upper straight screen plate 9061, and is then drawn out of the tunnel from the outlet. As the amount of particles attached to the straight screen plate 9061 increases, its resistance increases, exceeding the damping effect of the spring strip 909 on the straight baffle 9062, causing the cross plate 906 to rotate. During rotation, particles in the polluted gas temporarily adhere to the arc-shaped screen plate 907. Due to inertia, the cross plate 906 continues to rotate until the two straight baffles 9062 switch positions. The original lower straight screen plate 9061 rotates to the upper position to continue filtering the air, while the original upper straight screen plate 9061 rotates to the lower position. The particles fall into the collection chamber 902 for collection due to gravity. Furthermore, during the rotation process, the scraper 9063 at the end of the straight screen plate 9061 scrapes off a small amount of particles attached to the arc-shaped screen plate 907.

[0034] As a further preferred embodiment, the collection chamber 902 and the dust removal chamber 901 are detachably connected, and the collected particles can be cleaned by disassembling the collection chamber 902.

[0035] As a further preferred embodiment, the air intake pipe 1 is also equipped with a temperature control unit, which adjusts the air temperature entering the tunnel to a comfortable temperature, providing a better construction temperature environment.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction, characterized in that, It includes an intake pipe (1) and an exhaust pipe (6); The air intake pipes (1) are used in pairs and are located on the left and right sides inside the tunnel. The exhaust pipes (6) are also used in pairs and are located at the upper and lower ends inside the tunnel. One end of the air intake pipe (1) is located outside the tunnel and the other end is located at the working face. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an air intake fan (2), which supplies air into the tunnel. An air outlet (3) is located at the end located at the working face. One end of the exhaust pipe (6) is located outside the tunnel and the other end is located inside the tunnel. The end located outside the tunnel is connected to an exhaust fan (7), which extracts the gas inside the tunnel. The end located inside the tunnel is provided with an air intake (8), which is located closer to the tunnel entrance than the air outlet (3).

2. The tunnel ultra-long-distance construction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two air inlets (1) bend in opposite directions at the end near the working face. Multiple air outlets (3) are arranged on the side of the bend near the working face. The angle between the air outlets (3) and the working face gradually increases in the direction of the alignment of the two air inlets (1) until the frontmost air outlet (3) is parallel to the working face.

3. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting pipe (4) is provided between the two air inlet pipes (1). There are two connecting pipes (4). Each of the two connecting pipes (4) is inclined from one side of the air inlet pipe (1) to the other side of the air inlet pipe (1), that is, the air inlet pipe (1) on one side is the inlet and the air inlet pipe (1) on the other side is the outlet. A one-way valve (5) is provided at the inlet end of each of the two connecting pipes (4). The one-way valve opens towards the outlet end.

4. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air inlet (8) is provided with guide plates (10) on both sides of the end near the working face, and the guide plates (10) are inclined toward the air inlet (8).

5. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The air inlet (8) is an oblique opening, and two air inlets (8) are arranged opposite to each other. The air inlet (8) is also provided with multiple partitions (801). The partitions (801) are arranged horizontally, connected at the rear end by a ring, and extended directly to the oblique part of the air inlet (8). The air inlet (8) is also provided with a filter screen (802).

6. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (6) is also provided with a dust collector (9), which includes a dust removal chamber (901) and a collection chamber (902). The dust removal chamber (901) and the collection chamber (902) are separated by an inclined plate (903). A pair of inclined plates (903) are provided, and the two inclined plates (903) are arranged opposite to each other.

7. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dust removal chamber (901) is provided with connecting pipes at both the input and output ends, and is connected to the exhaust pipe (6) through the connecting pipes. The dust removal chamber (901) is provided with a cross plate (906) at the center, and the cross plate (906) is rotatably connected to the dust removal chamber (901) through a rotating shaft (905).

8. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The output end of the dust removal chamber (901) is fixed with an arc-shaped sieve plate (907), the radius of which is the same as the rotation radius of the cross plate (906), and sieve holes are opened on its surface. The cross plate (906) has four blades, and the end of each blade is arc-shaped; The top of the arc-shaped sieve plate (907) is provided with an extended horizontal plate extending to the input end of the dust removal chamber (901). Both the input end and the lower edge of the output end of the dust removal chamber (901) are provided with baffles (908). The baffles (908) at the output end are fixed to the bottom end of the arc-shaped sieve plate (907) as a whole.

9. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the cross plate (906), a pair of non-adjacent blades are straight screen plates (9061), and another pair of non-adjacent blades are straight baffles (9062). The surface of the straight screen plate (9061) has multiple screen holes, and the straight baffle (9062) is a complete windbreak plate. The end of the straight baffle (9062) is provided with a scraper (9063) on the side facing the rotation direction of the arc-shaped screen plate (907). When the cross plate (906) rotates, the scraper (9063) fits into the arc-shaped screen plate (907), and a gap is reserved between the end of the straight screen plate (9061) and the arc-shaped screen plate (907).

10. A ventilation device for ultra-long-distance tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that, The baffle (908) at the input end of the dust removal chamber (901) is also provided with spring strips (909) at both ends. The contact surface between the spring strip (909) and the cross plate (906) is an inclined surface, which provides damping for the rotation of the cross plate (906).

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