Automatic clamps

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic clamping fixture, including a linear actuator, an elastic chuck, and an elastic collet. The linear actuator includes a cylinder and a piston that can slide and extend relative to the cylinder. Both the piston and the cylinder have hollow channels, which are arranged in a through-type configuration. The elastic chuck is located in both the hollow channels of the piston and the cylinder. The elastic collet is located at least in the hollow channel of the piston and is fitted over the elastic chuck. The elastic collet also engages with the elastic chuck in a pushing action. The elastic collet has a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston has a pushing structure that engages with the receiving structure. During the piston retraction into the cylinder, the piston, through the pushing action of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, causes the elastic collet to elastically deform near its centerline, thereby pushing the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece. This utility model's automatic clamping fixture solves the problems of difficult workpiece machining accuracy control and increased operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to an automatic clamping fixture for automatically clamping workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, the machining industry involves cutting, grinding and other machining processes of workpieces, so the use of fixtures to clamp the workpieces is indispensable.

[0003] For example, in a pneumatic collet for cylindrical machining parts disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 202123177842.9, the elastic collet with a tapered surface is fixed on the piston disc, and the collet seat with a tapered surface is fixed on the cover plate. Therefore, during the process of the piston disc driving the elastic collet to slide downward, the collet seat pushes the elastic collet to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet by means of the tapered surface, thereby realizing the purpose of clamping the workpiece that has been placed in the elastic collet by the elastic collet.

[0004] However, the workpiece needs to move down along with the elastic collet during the clamping process, which makes it difficult to control the machining accuracy of workpieces in batch processing (e.g., in terms of thickness).

[0005] In addition, machining angled surfaces presents challenges in terms of both difficulty and cost. Furthermore, the shape of the workpiece varies, necessitating the replacement of elastic collets to accommodate different workpiece shapes, which increases operating costs.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automated fixture to overcome one or more of the aforementioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic fixture that reduces usage costs and facilitates control over machining accuracy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the automatic clamp of this utility model includes a linear actuator, an elastic chuck, and an elastic collet. The linear actuator includes a cylinder and a piston that can slide and extend relative to the cylinder. Both the piston and the cylinder have hollow channels. The hollow channel of the piston is arranged through the piston in the sliding direction, and the hollow channel of the cylinder extends through the cylinder in the piston's extension direction. The elastic chuck is used to clamp or release the workpiece and is located simultaneously in the hollow channels of both the piston and the cylinder. The elastic collet is located at least in the hollow channel of the piston and is fitted over the elastic chuck. The elastic collet is also used for pushing and engaging with the elastic chuck. The elastic collet has a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston has a pushing structure that pushes and engages with the receiving structure. During the process of the piston retracting into the cylinder, the piston, through the pushing and engaging of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, causes the elastic collet to undergo elastic deformation close to its centerline, thereby causing the elastic collet to push the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece.

[0009] Compared to existing technologies, since the elastic collet is located at least within the hollow channel of the piston and is fitted onto the elastic chuck, and the elastic collet also engages with the elastic chuck in a pushing action, the elastic collet has a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston has a pushing structure that engages with the receiving structure. During the piston's retraction into the cylinder, the piston, through the pushing action of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, causes the elastic collet to undergo elastic deformation close to its centerline, thereby pushing the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece. Therefore, the elastic chuck does not need to slide with the piston to clamp the workpiece, making it easier to control the workpiece's machining accuracy. Furthermore, since the pushing structure is located on the piston and the receiving structure is located on the elastic collet, changing the elastic chuck according to the shape of the workpiece will not affect the continued use of the pushing structure and the elastic collet, thus saving on operating costs.

[0010] Preferably, the receiving structure is a driven inclined surface that is inclined towards the piston along the retraction direction of the piston, and the pushing structure is a pushing inclined surface that cooperates with the driven inclined surface; the driven inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the pushing inclined surface extends around the center line of the piston.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic chuck is arranged in a fixed assembly relative to the cylinder body.

[0012] Preferably, the hollow channel of the cylinder also extends through the cylinder in the retraction direction of the piston.

[0013] Preferably, the automatic clamp of this utility model further includes a sleeve seat located at least in the hollow channel of the cylinder and sleeved on the elastic collet. The sleeve seat is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder. The internal space of the sleeve seat extends through the sleeve seat in the extension direction of the piston. The inner side of the sleeve seat has an inner inclined surface that is inclined along the retraction direction of the piston and close to the center line of the sleeve seat. The elastic collet is correspondingly provided with an outer inclined surface that is inclined to cooperate with the inner inclined surface. When the piston retracts into the cylinder, the outer inclined surface pushes the inner inclined surface, causing the elastic collet to elastically deform close to the center line of the elastic collet.

[0014] Preferably, the top structure is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface in the retraction direction of the piston.

[0015] Preferably, the outer inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the inner inclined surface extends around the center line of the collet base.

[0016] Preferably, the cylinder body further has a first end face and a second end face spaced apart in the retraction direction of the piston, and an outer side face and an inner side face located between the first end face and the second end face. The piston protrudes from the first end face of the cylinder body. A first dust removal channel is provided on the cylinder body, which simultaneously penetrates the second end face, the outer side face, and the inner side face of the cylinder body. The internal space of the cylinder seat also penetrates the cylinder seat in the retraction direction of the piston. The cylinder seat is provided with a second dust removal channel that connects and communicates with the first dust removal channel. The second dust removal channel simultaneously penetrates the outer side face, the inner side face, and the first end face of the cylinder seat. The first end face is arranged on the same side as the second end face of the cylinder body in the retraction direction of the piston.

[0017] Preferably, the first dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder body, an outer discharge groove communicating with the outer side of the annular groove, and an outer connecting hole. The annular groove penetrates the second end face and the inner side of the cylinder body, the outer discharge groove penetrates both the second end face and the outer side of the cylinder body, and the outer connecting hole penetrates the outer side of the cylinder body.

[0018] Preferably, the second dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat and a plurality of radial grooves spaced apart circumferentially and arranged radially in the annular groove. The radial grooves communicate with the outer side of the annular groove and penetrate both the first end face and the outer side of the cylinder seat. The annular groove penetrates both the first end face and the inner side of the cylinder seat.

[0019] Preferably, the width of the outer groove is arranged to narrow in the direction away from the annular groove.

[0020] Preferably, the outer groove is also opposite to the outer through hole.

[0021] Preferably, the cylinder seat is further provided with a plurality of fixing holes for fixed assembly of the cylinder seat relative to the cylinder body. All the fixing holes are spaced apart from each other and arranged together around the internal space of the cylinder seat. All the fixing holes are also arranged through the piston in the sliding direction.

[0022] Preferably, the inner side of the elastic collet has a first annular inner side and a second annular inner side offset outward relative to the first annular inner side, and the outer side of the elastic collet has a first annular outer side that fits against the first annular inner side and a second annular outer side that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner side.

[0023] Preferably, the inner surface of the first ring, the inner surface of the second ring, the outer surface of the first ring, and the outer surface of the second ring are all cylindrical surfaces.

[0024] Preferably, the elastic chuck has a placement cavity for placing the workpiece, a plurality of partition grooves that communicate with and surround the placement cavity, and an assembly hole for the elastic chuck to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body. The assembly hole communicates with the placement cavity in the retraction direction of the piston. Each partition groove extends to a preset position in the retraction direction of the piston, so that the entire inner surface of the first annulus and part of the inner surface of the second annulus are arranged intermittently in their respective circumferential directions. The elastic chuck forms an elastic pressure block at the position between two adjacent partition grooves. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the automatic clamp of this utility model in the non-clamping position.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The automatic clamp shown is a perspective view at another angle.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the automatic clamp viewed in the opposite direction of arrow A.

[0028] Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 Internal view of the section cut along the BB line.

[0029] Figure 5 Is Figure 4 The diagram above shows the state of the external support and the workpiece placed in the placement cavity of the elastic chuck.

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 4Internal view behind the concealed collet, flexible collet, and flexible chuck.

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Internal view after hiding the linear driver.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the elastic gripper in the automatic clamp of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A three-dimensional view of the elastic clamp at another angle.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the elastic collet in the automatic clamp of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The elastic collet shown is a plan view viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A.

[0036] Figure 12 It is along Figure 11 Internal view of the section cut along the CC line.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the cylinder base in the automatic clamp of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The diagram shows the cylinder as viewed in the opposite direction of arrow A.

[0039] Figure 15 It is along Figure 14 Internal view of the section cut by the EE line. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To explain the technical content and structural features of this utility model in detail, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0041] Please see Figure 5 The automatic clamp 100 of this utility model can be assembled on an external support 200, and the external support 200 provides support for the automatic clamp 100 of this utility model. Optionally, as an example, the external support 200 can be the worktable of a machine tool. Obviously, according to actual needs, the external support 200 can also be other support structures known in the art, so it is not limited thereto.

[0042] Combined Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The automatic clamp 100 of this utility model includes a linear driver 10, an elastic chuck 20, an elastic collet 30, and a collet base 40.

[0043] The linear actuator 10 includes a cylinder 11 and a piston 12 that can slide and extend relative to the cylinder 11. The piston 12 has a hollow channel 121 that extends through the piston 12 in the sliding direction (see the direction indicated by arrow A and the opposite direction), so that the piston 12 is annular (e.g., but not limited to, a circular annulus). The cylinder 11 has a hollow channel 111 that extends through the piston 12 in the sliding direction, that is, the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11 extends through the cylinder 11 in both the extension direction of the piston 12 (see the opposite direction indicated by arrow A) and the retraction direction of the piston 12 (see the direction indicated by arrow A), so that the cylinder 11 is annular (e.g., but not limited to, a circular annulus). Optionally, in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this example, the side walls of the piston 12 and the cylinder 11 are sealed together by a first seal 13 and a second seal 13' that are separated from each other in the retraction direction of the piston 12 (see arrow A). Under the action of the first seal 13, the first control channel 11a for controlling the retraction sliding of the piston 12 and the second control channel 11b for controlling the extension sliding of the piston 12 on the cylinder 11 are sealed and separated. In addition, under the action of the second seal 13', the working medium used to drive the piston 12 to slide in the first control channel 11a is prevented from leaking to the outside. Obviously, the sealing and engagement method between the piston 12 and the cylinder 11 can be other depending on actual needs, but these are well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Meanwhile, the elastic chuck 20 is used to clamp or release the workpiece 200. The elastic chuck 20 is located in both the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11, as shown in the diagram. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown; alternatively, at Figure 5 In this example, the elastic clamp 20 is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder 11 to prevent relative slippage between the elastic clamp 20 and the cylinder 11. For instance, the elastic clamp 20 and the cylinder 11 can be simultaneously fixed to an external support 200 to achieve the purpose of fixed assembly between the elastic clamp 20 and the cylinder 11. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the cylinder 11 and the elastic clamp 20 can also be fixed to different external fixed objects respectively. Figure 5 The above is the limit.

[0045] Furthermore, the elastic collet 30 is located in both the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the elastic collet 30 can also be located only in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the elastic collet 30 is sleeved on the elastic chuck 20. The elastic collet 30 is used for pushing and engaging with the elastic chuck 20. The elastic collet 30 is provided with a receiving structure 31 facing the piston 12. Correspondingly, the piston 12 is provided with a pushing structure 122 that pushes and engages with the receiving structure 31. Optionally, it can be combined with... Figures 4 to 7 As an example, the receiving structure 31 is a driven inclined surface that slopes towards the piston 12 along the retraction direction of the piston 12. Therefore, the driven inclined surface can also be labeled 31. The pushing structure 122 is a pushing inclined surface that cooperates with the driven inclined surface. Therefore, the pushing inclined surface can also be labeled 122. Through the driven inclined surface and the pushing inclined surface, the piston 12 and the elastic collet 30 are engaged with inclined surfaces, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the piston 12 pushing the elastic collet 30. Obviously, according to actual needs, the pushing structure 122 and the receiving structure 31 can also be other structures. For example, one of the pushing structure 122 and the receiving structure 31 can be an inclined surface, while the other can be a protrusion that cooperates with the inclined surface. Therefore, it is not limited to the driving inclined surface. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The above is the limit.

[0046] The cylinder seat 40 is located in both the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, thereby increasing the mating dimensions between the cylinder seat 40 and the elastic collet 30 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. The cylinder seat 40 is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body 11 to prevent relative slippage between the cylinder seat 40 and the cylinder body 11; as an example, in Figure 5 In this configuration, the cylinder seat 40 and the cylinder body 11 can be simultaneously fixed to the external support 200 to achieve a fixed assembly of the cylinder seat 40 relative to the cylinder body 11. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the cylinder body 11 and the cylinder seat 40 can also be fixed to different external fixed objects respectively. Therefore, it is not necessary to... Figure 5 As shown, the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40 is arranged through the piston 12 in the sliding direction. That is, the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40 penetrates the cylinder seat 40 in the extension direction of the piston 12 and also penetrates the cylinder seat 40 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. The inner surface 42 of the cylinder seat 40 (see...) Figure 15 It has a centerline close to the seat 40 along the retraction direction of piston 12 (see...). Figure 15 The inner inclined surface 421 (arranged at an inclination along the center line) is provided on the elastic collet 30, and the outer inclined surface 32 is correspondingly provided on the elastic collet 30 to be inclinedly engaged with the inner inclined surface 421. See the attached diagram for details. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0047] Therefore, during the process of piston 12 retracting into cylinder 11, piston 12, through the pushing cooperation of push structure 122 and push-receiving structure 31, drives elastic collet 30 to move closer to the center line of elastic collet 30 (see...). Figure 4 and Figure 5The elastic deformation of the elastic collet 30 (within the center line) causes the outer inclined surface 32 to push against the inner inclined surface 421, resulting in an elastic deformation of the elastic collet 30 closer to its center line. This, in turn, causes the elastic collet 30 to push against the elastic chuck 20, clamping the workpiece 200. It should be noted that the elastic deformation of the elastic collet 30 closer to its center line is achieved by the synchronous drive of the collet base 40 and the piston 12, making the clamping of the workpiece 200 by the elastic collet 30 more reliable. Furthermore, the cooperation of the inner inclined surface 421 of the collet base 40 and the outer inclined surface 32 of the elastic collet 30 also enables rapid center positioning.

[0048] It is worth noting that, although Figure 4 and Figure 5 The illustration shows the automatic clamp 100 of this invention including a sleeve base 40. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the automatic clamp 100 of this invention can also be configured without the sleeve base 40. When the sleeve base 40 is omitted, the clamp can be... Figure 7 The lower end of the elastic collet 30 is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body 11, for example, by welding, but not limited to, fixing the lower end of the elastic collet 30 to the external support body 200. Furthermore, it should be noted that when the elastic collet 30 is only located in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, since the cylinder seat 40 needs to cooperate with the elastic collet 30, the cylinder seat 40 needs to be located simultaneously in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12; when the elastic collet 30 is simultaneously located in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, the cylinder seat 40 can be located in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11, or simultaneously in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12. More specifically, see the description below.

[0049] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, as an example, the driven inclined surface 31 is along the circumference of the elastic collet 30 (see...). Figure 11 The driven inclined plane 31 extends intermittently in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (within the circle), meaning it is not continuous within this circle and exhibits discontinuities. Correspondingly, in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the middle, the jacking ramp 122 surrounds the center line of the piston 12 (see...) Figure 4 The piston 12 extends around the center line of the elastic collet 30 to make the piston 12 more reliably push the elastic collet 30 to deform elastically towards its center line, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic collet 30 pushing the elastic chuck 20 to hold the workpiece 200.

[0050] like Figure 10 and Figure 12As shown, as an example, the top structure 31 is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface 32 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. Furthermore, in... Figure 10 In this example, the outer inclined surface 32 extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet 30, meaning that the outer inclined surface 32 is not continuous within this circle, but rather discontinuous; correspondingly, in Figure 13 In the example, the inner inclined surface 421 surrounds the center line of the cylinder base 40 (see...). Figure 15 The centerline of the collet 40 extends around the centerline of the collet 30 to allow the collet 40 to more reliably push the elastic collet 30 to deform elastically towards its centerline, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic collet 30 pushing the elastic chuck 20 to hold the workpiece 200. Furthermore, in... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As an example, the cylinder seat 40 is also provided with four fixing holes 48 for fixed assembly of the cylinder seat 40 relative to the cylinder body 11. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the number of fixing holes 48 can also be two, three or five, so it is not limited to... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, all fixing holes 48 are spaced apart from each other and arranged together around the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40, and all fixing holes 48 are also arranged through the piston 12 in the sliding direction; so as to fix the cylinder seat 40 to the external support body 200 by means of cylinder seat fasteners (not shown in the figure).

[0051] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As an example, the cylinder body 11 also has a first end face 112, a second end face 113, an outer side face 114, and an inner side face 115. The first end face 112 and the second end face 113 are spaced apart in the retraction direction of the piston 12. The outer side face 114 and the inner side face 115 are both located between the first end face 112 and the second end face 113, and the piston 12 protrudes from the first end face 112 of the cylinder body 11. In addition, a first dust removal channel 116 is provided on the cylinder body 11, which simultaneously penetrates the second end face 113, the outer side face 114, and the inner side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. The cylinder seat 40 is provided with a second dust removal channel 44 that connects and communicates with the first dust removal channel 116. The second dust removal channel 44 passes through the outer side 45, inner side 42, and first end face 47 of the cylinder seat 40. The first end face 47 is arranged on the same side as the second end face 113 of the cylinder body 11 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. For example, in Figure 4In this design, the first end face 47 of the cylinder base 40 and the second end face 113 of the cylinder body 11 are both located on the lower side; therefore, with the cooperation of the first dust removal channel 116 and the second dust removal channel 44, dust that falls into the automatic fixture 100 of this invention during processing can be removed. The specific structure of the first dust removal channel 116 and the second dust removal channel 44 is described below.

[0052] At Figure 2 and Figure 3 As an example, the first dust removal channel 116 includes a centerline surrounding the cylinder 11 (see [reference]). Figure 4 The cylinder body 11 has an annular groove 1161 (arranged along the center line of the cylinder) and an outer groove 1162 and an outer through hole 1163, both of which are connected to the outer side of the annular groove 1161. The annular groove 1161 penetrates the second end face 113 and the inner side face 114 of the cylinder body 11, allowing the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 to communicate with the outer groove 1162 via the annular groove 1161. The outer groove 1162 simultaneously penetrates the second end face 113 and the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11, and the outer through hole 1163 penetrates the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. Optionally, the annular groove 1161 is arranged along the center line of the cylinder body 11, and the outer groove 1162 and outer through hole 1163 are connected to the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this example, the outer discharge groove 1162 is also opposite to the outer connecting hole 1163, for example, the outer connecting hole 1163 is located on the left side of the cylinder body 11 while the outer discharge groove 1162 is located on the right side of the cylinder body 11; furthermore, the groove width D of the outer discharge groove 1162 is arranged to narrow away from the annular groove 1161; this design allows the dust-collecting gas to first enter through the small outer connecting hole 1163, and then flow along the annular groove 1161 to the large outer discharge groove 1162, thereby improving the dust collection effect. Figures 1 to 3 As an example, to improve the connection between the external through-hole 1163 and the external air pipe, a dust removal external connector 119 is installed on the external through-hole 1163; additionally, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As an example, to facilitate the docking operation of the external pipe used for conveying the working medium with the first control channel 11a and the second control channel 11b respectively, the cylinder body 11 is equipped with a first external connector 118 that docks and communicates with the first control channel 11a and a second external connector 118' that docks and communicates with the second control channel 11b; in addition, in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As an example, to facilitate the assembly of the piston 12 at the cylinder body 11, the cylinder body 11 is designed as two parts in the retraction direction of the piston 12. These two parts are fixed together by means of a first fastener 15. The two parts fixed together are then fixed to the external support body 200 by means of a second fastener 16. The second fastener 16 and the first fastener 15 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body 11, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown. When the cylinder body 11 is designed as two parts, the two parts are sealed together by a third seal 14, as shown in the diagram. Figures 4 to 6 As shown.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, as an example, the second dust removal channel 44 includes an annular groove 441 arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat 40 and four radial grooves 442 that are circumferentially spaced and radially arranged around the annular groove 441. The radial grooves 442 communicate with the outer side of the annular groove 441 and penetrate both the first end face 47 and the outer side face 45 of the cylinder seat 40. The annular groove 441 penetrates both the first end face 47 and the inner side face 42 of the cylinder seat 40. This allows the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40 to communicate with the annular groove 1161 through the annular groove 441 and the radial grooves 442. Therefore, the dust removal gas entering the annular groove 1161 can enter the annular groove 441 from a portion of the radial grooves 442, then flow back to the annular groove 1161 from the remaining portion of the radial grooves 442, and finally be discharged from the outer discharge groove 1162, thereby increasing the dust removal effect.

[0054] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As an example, the inner surface 33 of the elastic collet 30 has a first annular inner surface 331 and a second annular inner surface 332 offset outward from the first annular inner surface 331; correspondingly, the outer surface 21 of the elastic chuck 20 has a first annular outer surface 211 that fits against the first annular inner surface 331 and a second annular outer surface 212 that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner surface 332, so that the first annular inner surface 331 and the first annular outer surface 211 constitute the pushing engagement point of the elastic collet 30 and the elastic chuck 20, effectively reducing the influence of other positions of the elastic collet 30 on the pushing of the elastic chuck 20, and also facilitating the manufacturing and processing of the first annular inner surface 331, the second annular inner surface 332, the first annular outer surface 211, and the second annular outer surface 212. Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 9 and Figure 10As an example, the first inner annular surface 331, the second inner annular surface 332, the first outer annular surface 211, and the second outer annular surface 222 are all cylindrical surfaces, which makes it easier to manufacture and process the first inner annular surface 331, the second inner annular surface 332, the first outer annular surface 211, and the second outer annular surface 212.

[0055] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, as an example, the flexible chuck 20 has an opening for the workpiece 200 (see...). Figure 5 The system includes a placement cavity 22, eight partition grooves 23 all communicating with and surrounding the placement cavity 22, and an assembly hole 24 for the elastic chuck 20 to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body 11. The assembly hole 24 communicates with the placement cavity 22 in the retraction direction of the piston 12, facilitating the operator to sequentially pass the chuck fastener (not shown) through the placement cavity 22 and the assembly hole 24 before assembling it with the external support 200. Furthermore, each partition groove 23 extends to a predetermined position in the retraction direction of the piston 12, so that the entire first annular inner surface 211 and part of the second annular inner surface 212 are intermittently arranged in their respective circumferential directions, as shown in the figure. Figure 9 As shown, that is in Figure 9 In the first annular inner surface 211, the arrangement is discontinuous in the circumferential direction, while only a portion of the second annular inner surface 212 is discontinuous in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the elastic chuck 20 forms an elastic pressure block 25 between two adjacent partition grooves 23; this design allows the elastic chuck 20 to grip the workpiece 200 in the placement cavity 22 towards the centerline of the elastic chuck 30, effectively improving the reliability of workpiece 200 gripping. It should be noted that although... Figure 8 The diagram shows eight dividing slots 23. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the number of dividing slots 23 can also be two, three, four, five, six, seven, or nine. Therefore, it is not limited to this. Figure 8 As shown.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, since the elastic collet 30 is located at least in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and is sleeved on the elastic chuck 20, and the elastic collet 30 is also used to push and cooperate with the elastic chuck 20, the elastic collet 30 is provided with a receiving structure 31 facing the piston 12, and the piston 12 is provided with a pushing structure 122 that pushes and cooperates with the receiving structure 31; so that during the process of the piston 12 retracting into the cylinder 11, the piston 12 drives the elastic collet 30 to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet 30 through the pushing cooperation of the pushing structure 122 and the receiving structure 31, so that the elastic collet 30 pushes the elastic chuck 20 to clamp the workpiece 200; therefore, the clamping of the workpiece 200 by the elastic chuck 20 does not need to slide with the piston 12, thus making it easier to control the machining accuracy of the workpiece 200. Furthermore, since the pushing structure 122 is located on the piston 12 and the receiving structure 31 is located on the elastic collet 30, when the elastic collet 20 is replaced according to the shape of the workpiece 200 to be clamped, it will not affect the continued use of the pushing structure 122 and the elastic collet 30, thus saving on usage costs.

[0057] It should be noted that, as shown in the attached drawings, the linear actuator 10 can be a pneumatic cylinder; obviously, a hydraulic cylinder is chosen based on actual needs. When the linear actuator 10 is a pneumatic cylinder, its working medium is gas; when the linear actuator 10 is a hydraulic cylinder, its working medium is liquid, but these are well known in the art. When the piston 12 needs to extend, the working medium enters the second control channel 11b through the second external connector 118'; when the piston 12 needs to retract, the working medium enters the first control channel 11a through the first external connector 118. Furthermore, although... Figures 4 to 6 The diagram shows that the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 is arranged to penetrate the piston 12 in the sliding direction. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 can also penetrate the cylinder body 11 only in the extending direction of the piston 12. Similarly, for the cylinder seat 40, its internal space 41 can also penetrate the cylinder seat 40 only in the extending direction of the piston 12. When the cylinder seat 40 penetrates the cylinder seat 40 only in the extending direction of the piston 12, the elastic clamp 20 can be fixed to the cylinder seat 40 or to the cylinder body 11, while the cylinder seat 40 is fixed to the cylinder body 11. When the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40 is arranged to penetrate the piston 12 in the sliding direction, the elastic clamp 20 and the cylinder seat 40 can be fixed to the cylinder body 11, therefore, it is not necessary to consider the internal space 41 of the cylinder seat 40 as penetrating the piston 12. Figures 4 to 6 The diagram is for reference only. Finally, the direction indicated by arrow A in the attached diagram is the retraction direction of piston 12, and the opposite direction indicated by arrow A in the attached diagram is the extension direction of piston 12. Correspondingly, the sliding direction of piston 12 includes both the retraction direction and the extension direction of piston 12.

[0058] The above-disclosed examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic clamping device, comprising a linear actuator and a resilient chuck for clamping or releasing a workpiece, the linear actuator comprising a cylinder and a piston slidably extending and retracting relative to the cylinder, both the piston and the cylinder having hollow channels, the hollow channel of the piston being arranged through the piston in the sliding direction, and the hollow channel of the cylinder extending through the piston in the extending direction, the resilient chuck being located simultaneously in the hollow channels of both the piston and the cylinder, characterized in that, The automatic clamp also includes an elastic collet located at least in the hollow channel of the piston and sleeved on the elastic chuck. The elastic collet is also used to push against the elastic chuck. The elastic collet is provided with a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston is provided with a pushing structure that pushes against the receiving structure. During the process of the piston retracting into the cylinder, the piston drives the elastic collet to elastically deform near its center line through the pushing cooperation of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, thereby pushing the elastic chuck against the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece.

2. The automatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving structure is a driven inclined surface that is inclined towards the piston along the retraction direction of the piston, and the pushing structure is a pushing inclined surface that cooperates with the driven inclined surface; the driven inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the pushing inclined surface extends around the center line of the piston; the elastic collet is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body.

3. The automatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sleeve seat located at least in the hollow channel of the cylinder body and sleeved on the elastic collet. The sleeve seat is fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body. The internal space of the sleeve seat extends through the sleeve seat in the extension direction of the piston. The inner side of the sleeve seat has an inner inclined surface that is inclined along the retraction direction of the piston and close to the center line of the sleeve seat. The elastic collet is correspondingly provided with an outer inclined surface that is inclined to cooperate with the inner inclined surface. When the piston retracts into the cylinder body, the outer inclined surface pushes against the inner inclined surface, causing the elastic collet to elastically deform close to the center line of the elastic collet.

4. The automatic clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting structure is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface in the retraction direction of the piston; the outer inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the inner inclined surface extends around the center line of the collet seat.

5. The automatic clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow channel of the cylinder body also penetrates the cylinder body in the retraction direction of the piston; the cylinder body also has a first end face and a second end face separated in the retraction direction of the piston, and an outer side face and an inner side face located between the first end face and the second end face. The piston protrudes from the first end face of the cylinder body. A first dust removal channel is provided on the cylinder body, and the first dust removal channel simultaneously penetrates the second end face, the outer side face, and the inner side face of the cylinder body; the internal space of the cylinder seat also penetrates the cylinder seat in the retraction direction of the piston. The cylinder seat is provided with a second dust removal channel that connects and communicates with the first dust removal channel. The second dust removal channel simultaneously penetrates the outer side face, the inner side face, and the first end face of the cylinder seat. The first end face is arranged on the same side as the second end face of the cylinder body in the retraction direction of the piston.

6. The automatic clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder body, an outer discharge groove communicating with the outer side of the annular groove, and an outer connecting hole. The annular groove penetrates the second end face and the inner side of the cylinder body, the outer discharge groove penetrates both the second end face and the outer side of the cylinder body, and the outer connecting hole penetrates the outer side of the cylinder body. The second dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat, and a plurality of radial grooves spaced apart circumferentially and arranged radially in the annular groove. The radial grooves communicate with the outer side of the annular groove, the radial grooves penetrate both the first end face and the outer side of the cylinder seat, and the annular grooves penetrate both the first end face and the inner side of the cylinder seat.

7. The automatic clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the outer groove is narrowed along the direction away from the annular groove, and the outer groove is also opposite to the outer through hole.

8. The automatic clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cylinder seat is also provided with a plurality of fixing holes for the cylinder seat to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body. All the fixing holes are spaced apart from each other and are arranged together around the internal space of the cylinder seat. All the fixing holes are also arranged through the piston in the sliding direction.

9. The automatic clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the elastic collet has a first annular inner side and a second annular inner side offset outward relative to the first annular inner side. The outer side of the elastic collet has a first annular outer side that fits against the first annular inner side and a second annular outer side that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner side.

10. The automatic clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that, The elastic chuck has a placement cavity for placing the workpiece, multiple partition grooves that communicate with and surround the placement cavity, and an assembly hole for the elastic chuck to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder. The assembly hole communicates with the placement cavity in the retraction direction of the piston. Each partition groove extends to a preset position in the retraction direction of the piston, so that the entire inner surface of the first annulus and part of the inner surface of the second annulus are arranged intermittently in their respective circumferential directions. The elastic chuck forms an elastic pressure block at the position between two adjacent partition grooves. The inner surface of the first annulus, the inner surface of the second annulus, the outer surface of the first annulus, and the outer surface of the second annulus are all cylindrical surfaces.

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