A synergistic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon slag

Abstract

This utility model discloses a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, belonging to the technical field of aluminum ash and anode carbon slag treatment. It includes at least a mixing and grinding device and a high-temperature carbonization reaction device. The mixing and grinding device includes: a shell having at least an inlet, a feed pipe, and a discharge port; the inlet for adding aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, and the feed pipe for adding calcium additives; several distribution plates configured to divide the feed pipe into multiple independent storage spaces, each distribution plate being movably connected to the feed pipe to close or open it; a grinding structure disposed inside the shell for crushing the aluminum ash, anode carbon slag, and calcium additives; and a screen inclinedly disposed below the discharge port with its discharge end located at its lowest point. The screen can move up and down relative to the shell via a drive source. This application can reduce the frequency of adding calcium additives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aluminum ash and anode carbon slag treatment technology, and in particular to a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, the treatment of aluminum ash and anode carbon slag has always been an important and challenging problem.

[0003] Traditional processes for treating aluminum ash and anode carbon slag have the following drawbacks: 1. The focus is mostly on the disposal of single hazardous wastes, lacking a comprehensive consideration of their inherent connections, and failing to fully utilize the synergistic effect between the two for effective resource recovery and reuse; 2. The aluminum ash disposal process combines wet and pyrometallurgical methods, resulting in high energy consumption, numerous corresponding equipment, and high production costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, comprising at least a mixing and grinding device and a high-temperature carbonization reaction device; the mixing and grinding device comprising: a shell having at least an inlet, a feed pipe, and a discharge port, wherein the inlet is used to add aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, and the feed pipe is used to add calcium additives; a distribution plate having a plurality of plates configured to divide the feed pipe into multiple independent storage spaces, each distribution plate being movably connected to the feed pipe to close or open the feed pipe; a grinding structure disposed inside the shell for crushing aluminum ash, anode carbon slag, and calcium additives; and a screen inclinedly disposed below the discharge port with the discharge end of the screen located at the lowest point of the screen; the screen being movable up and down relative to the shell by a drive source.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing and grinding structure includes two coaxially arranged crushing rollers, each crushing roller having several evenly distributed grinding protrusions on its circumferential surface, and both crushing rollers being rotatably connected to the outer shell and rotating in opposite directions.

[0008] Preferably, the housing is further equipped with two main guide plates located on the front and rear sides of the housing respectively. The ends of the two main guide plates are located above the line connecting the axes of the two crushing rollers and tend towards the grinding protrusions on the corresponding crushing rollers. The housing is also equipped with two side guide plates located on the left and right sides of the housing respectively. The portions of the two side guide plates facing the two main guide plates are in contact with the two main guide plates.

[0009] Preferably, the feed pipe is configured as a square tube structure and is arranged longitudinally; one side of the feed pipe is provided with a plurality of slots corresponding one-to-one with the material distribution plate, and the material distribution plate is inserted into the corresponding slot to close the feed pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the feed pipe and the position corresponding to each material distribution plate are provided with supporting steps.

[0011] Preferably, a rotary motor is also installed on the housing, and gears are coaxially mounted on the shaft ends of both crushing rollers, and the two gears are meshed together; the output end of the rotary motor is connected to the shaft end of one of the crushing rollers through a synchronous belt assembly to drive the crushing roller to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the screen has a plurality of mesh openings at the part facing the discharge port; the discharge end of the screen is configured with a smooth and continuous surface.

[0013] Preferably, the screen is provided with stepped flanges that bend upwards on both sides of the discharge end.

[0014] Preferably, the outer casing is further provided with at least two longitudinally connected guide rods, each flange corresponding to at least one guide rod and the guide rod passing through the flange and slidably connected to it, and each guide rod is equipped with a spring to support the screen.

[0015] Preferably, the drive source is configured as a lifting motor or a vibration motor, which is mounted on the housing and its output end is connected to the screen.

[0016] The above-mentioned technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects: Firstly, existing methods for utilizing aluminum ash and carbon slag yield products with low value. This synergistic reaction system, however, utilizes the synergistic reaction of aluminum ash and carbon slag to produce primary products such as aluminum ingots, aluminum carbide, and fluoride salts, thus increasing product added value. By leveraging the self-pulverization effect of the carbonization reduction reaction products, the material self-pulverization and separation process is achieved during cooling, eliminating the need for additional crushing and grinding steps, thereby reducing production costs and equipment investment. Furthermore, since the reaction process requires a relatively large proportion of carbon slag and aluminum ash, and a relatively small proportion of calcium additives, operators only need to place a predetermined amount of calcium additives in a separate storage space before each processing step, and simply remove one distribution plate each time crushing is performed, reducing the need for frequent addition of calcium additives.

[0017] Secondly, the sieve plate can screen out materials that meet the specified particle size, allowing them to fall directly into the subsequent high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment. Large particles that do not meet the sieve plate's specifications are discharged from the outlet for further crushing. This prevents large particles from entering the reaction equipment, reducing reaction abnormalities caused by uneven particle size. The sieve plate's tilting and vertical movement provide some movement, preventing material accumulation on the sieve plate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid crushing and grinding device of this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid crushing and grinding device of this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hybrid crushing and grinding device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid crushing and grinding device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid crushing and grinding device of this utility model after removing the outer shell; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the feed pipe and the material distribution plate of the mixing and grinding device of this utility model.

[0019] Figure Labels 1-Outer shell; 11-Inlet; 12-Inlet pipe; 121-Slot; 122-Support step; 13-Discharge port; 14-Main guide plate; 15-Side guide plate; 16-Guide rod; 17-Spring; 2-Distribution layer plate; 3-Screen; 31-Mesh opening; 32-Flanged edge; 41-Crushing roller; 411-Grinding protrusion; 42-Rotating motor; 43-Gear; 44-Synchronous belt assembly; 5-Drive source. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0021] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a synergistic reaction system for aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, comprising at least a mixing and grinding device and a high-temperature carbonization reaction device. The mixing and grinding device includes a shell 1, a material distribution plate 2, a grinding structure, and a screen 3.

[0023] The outer casing 1 has at least an inlet 11, an inlet pipe 12, and a outlet 13. The inlet 11 is used to add aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, and the inlet pipe 12 is used to add calcium additives. Several distribution plates 2 are configured to divide the inlet pipe 12 into multiple independent storage spaces. Each distribution plate 2 is movably connected to the inlet pipe 12 to close or open it. A crushing and grinding structure is disposed inside the outer casing 1 for crushing the aluminum ash, anode carbon slag, and calcium additives. A screen 3 is inclinedly disposed below the outlet 13, with its discharge end located at its lowest point. The screen 3 can move up and down relative to the outer casing 1 via a drive source 5. The high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment is prior art, such as a high-temperature carbonization furnace, not shown in the figure.

[0024] Aluminum ash and anode carbon slag are added to the mixing and grinding device through the feed inlet 11 of the outer shell 1, while calcium additives (such as one or more mixtures of limestone, lime, and gypsum) are added through the feed pipe 12. The distribution plate 2 divides the feed pipe 12 into multiple independent storage spaces. Before each processing cycle, the operator places a predetermined amount of calcium additive in each independent storage space. Each time a certain amount of crushing is performed, one distribution plate 2 is removed, and the feed pipe 12 is opened to allow an appropriate amount of calcium additive to enter the device. The grinding structure, located inside the outer shell 1, crushes and mixes the added aluminum ash, anode carbon slag, and calcium additives, ensuring thorough crushing of the three materials to facilitate the subsequent high-temperature carbonization.

[0025] The crushed material reaches the inclined screen 3, which moves up and down relative to the outer shell 1 (i.e., high-frequency shaking) under the action of the drive source 5, promoting material screening. Material meeting the particle size requirements is discharged from the outlet end of the screen 3 and enters the next process. In actual production, a conveyor belt or a receiving hopper can be added to transfer the material to the high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment. The mixed and crushed material enters the high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment (such as a high-temperature carbonization furnace), where the operating temperature is controlled at 700-1200℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-5 hours. During this process, aluminum ash reduction, carbonization, and fluorination reactions occur. The high-temperature molten aluminum produced by the reaction is collected and cooled to form aluminum ingots. The solid slag in the high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment is cooled, and during the cooling process, the solid slag exhibits a self-pulverization effect, producing fine aluminum carbide powder and large-particle fluorides (mainly aluminum fluoride and cryolite), achieving material separation.

[0026] In summary, existing methods for utilizing aluminum ash and carbon slag yield products with low value. This synergistic reaction system, however, utilizes the synergistic reaction between aluminum ash and carbon slag to produce primary products such as aluminum ingots, aluminum carbide, and fluoride salts, thereby increasing product added value. Furthermore, by leveraging the self-pulverization effect of the carbonization reduction reaction products, the self-pulverization and separation of materials are achieved during the cooling process, eliminating the need for additional crushing and grinding steps and reducing production costs and equipment investment.

[0027] In addition, since the reaction process requires a large proportion of carbon slag and aluminum ash, and a small proportion of calcium additives (the amount of calcium additives added is 0.5-5% of the total amount of aluminum ash and anode carbon slag), the operator only needs to place the set amount of calcium additives in an independent storage space in the early stage of multiple processing, and take out one material distribution plate 2 each time crushing, which reduces the operation of frequently adding calcium additives.

[0028] The sieve plate can screen out materials that meet the specified particle size, allowing them to fall directly into the subsequent high-temperature carbonization reaction equipment. Larger particles that do not meet the sieve plate's specifications are discharged from the outlet for further crushing. This prevents large particles from entering the reaction equipment, reducing reaction abnormalities caused by uneven particle size. The sieve plate's tilting and vertical movement provide some movement, preventing material accumulation on the sieve plate.

[0029] In some practical applications, refer to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the crushing and grinding structure includes two coaxially opposite crushing rollers 41. Each crushing roller 41 has several evenly distributed grinding protrusions 411 on its circumferential surface. Both crushing rollers 41 are rotatably connected to the outer casing 1 and rotate in opposite directions (generally, both crushing rollers 41 rotate inwards, such as...). Figure 3 As shown in the orientation, the left crushing roller rotates clockwise, and the right crushing roller rotates counterclockwise. The two coaxial, oppositely rotating crushing rollers 41, along with evenly distributed grinding protrusions 411 on their circumference, exert various forces such as compression, shearing, and grinding on materials like aluminum ash, anode carbon slag, and calcium additives during rotation. When material enters between the two crushing rollers 41, the grinding protrusions 411 more effectively crush the material, breaking down large pieces into smaller particles.

[0030] The outer casing 1 also has two main guide plates 14 located on the front and rear sides of the outer casing 1 respectively (e.g., ...). Figure 3The left side of the outer casing is the actual front side. The ends of the two main guide plates 14 are located above the line connecting the axes of the two crushing rollers 41 and tend towards the grinding protrusions 411 on the corresponding crushing rollers 41. Inside the outer casing 1, two side guide plates 15 are also installed on the left and right sides respectively. The portions of the two side guide plates 15 facing the two main guide plates 14 are in contact with them. The arrangement of the main guide plates 14 and the side guide plates 15 allows the material to be accurately guided to the grinding protrusions 411 on the crushing rollers 41. The design of the main guide plates 14, with their ends above the line connecting the axes of the two crushing rollers 41 and tending towards the corresponding grinding protrusions 411, and the side guide plates 15 in contact with the main guide plates 14, allows the material to enter the working area of ​​the crushing rollers 41 in a concentrated and orderly manner under the guidance of the guide plates, further enhancing the crushing efficiency and effect.

[0031] Specifically, a rotary motor 42 is also installed on the outer casing 1. Gears 43 are coaxially mounted on the shaft ends of both crushing rollers 41, and the two gears 43 are meshed together. The output end of the rotary motor 42 is connected to the shaft end of one of the crushing rollers 41 via a synchronous belt assembly 44 to drive the crushing roller 41 to rotate. Therefore, the operation of the rotary motor can drive one of the crushing rollers 41 to rotate via the synchronous belt assembly 44. Under the action of the two gears 43, the two crushing rollers 41 can rotate synchronously while ensuring that their rotation directions are opposite, which is beneficial for crushing materials.

[0032] In some practical applications, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, based on the connection method between the feed pipe 12 and the distribution plate 2, the following method can be adopted: the feed pipe 12 is configured as a square tube structure and is arranged longitudinally; one side of the feed pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of slots 121 corresponding one-to-one with the distribution plate 2, and the distribution plate 2 is inserted into the corresponding slot 121 to close the feed pipe 12. Specifically, the inner wall of the feed pipe 12, and corresponding to the position of each distribution plate 2, is provided with a support step 122.

[0033] The operator can open the bottom storage space by pulling the bottommost distribution plate 2, allowing the calcium additive in the storage space to enter the outer shell 1 to come into contact with, mix with, and crush the aluminum ash and anode carbon slag. By setting support steps 122 on the inner wall of the feed pipe 12 corresponding to the position of each distribution plate 2, the distribution plate 2 can be stably placed on the support steps 122 after being inserted into the slot 121, ensuring the sealing effect of the distribution plate 2 on the feed pipe 12.

[0034] In some practical applications, refer to Figure 3As shown, the screen 3 has a plurality of mesh holes 31 at the discharge port 13; the discharge end of the screen 3 is configured with a smooth and continuous surface. The mesh holes 31 facilitate the falling of qualified small particles of crushed material, making them easy to collect, while the absence of mesh holes 31 at the discharge end prevents residual small particles of material from spilling and causing environmental pollution; unqualified large particles of crushed material and residual small particles of material are discharged and collected through the discharge end.

[0035] In some practical applications, based on the fact that the screen 3 can move up and down relative to the outer casing 1 via the driving source 5, the following structural design is made to achieve this function: (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the screen 3 has upwardly bent stepped flanges 32 on both sides of the discharge end; the outer shell 1 is also provided with at least two longitudinally connected guide rods 16, each flange 32 corresponds to at least one guide rod 16 and the guide rod 16 passes through the flange 32 and is slidably connected to it, and each guide rod 16 is equipped with a spring 17 to support the screen 3. The drive source 5 is configured as a lifting motor or a vibration motor, the drive source 5 is installed on the outer shell 1 and its output end is connected to the screen 3.

[0036] The upward-bent stepped flanges 32 on both sides of the discharge end of the screen 3 effectively prevent crushed material from sliding down from both sides of the screen 3. This gathers the material within the main body of the screen 3, ensuring that all material participates in the screening process. Longitudinal guide rods 16 on the outer casing 1 pass through and slide along the flanges 32, providing guidance for the vertical movement of the screen 3. Springs 17 installed on each guide rod 16 not only provide cushioning but also, to some extent, adjust the movement of the screen 3 when driven up and down by the drive source 5, making its vibration more efficient. The drive source 5 is typically a vibration motor.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A synergistic reaction system of aluminum dross and anode carbon residue, characterized in that, It includes at least a mixing and grinding device and a high-temperature carbonization reaction device; the mixing and grinding device includes: The outer casing (1) has at least an inlet (11) and a feed pipe (12) and a discharge port (13), wherein the inlet (11) is used to add aluminum ash and anode carbon slag, and the feed pipe (12) is used to add calcium additives; The material distribution plate (2) is configured with several to divide the feed pipe (12) into multiple independent storage spaces. Each material distribution plate (2) is movably inserted into the feed pipe (12) to close or open the feed pipe (12). A crushing and grinding structure is provided inside the outer shell (1) for crushing aluminum ash, anode carbon slag and calcium additives; The screen (3) is inclinedly set below the discharge port (13) and the discharge end of the screen (3) is located at the lowest point of the screen (3); the screen (3) can move up and down relative to the outer shell (1) by the drive source (5).

2. The synergic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding structure includes two coaxially arranged crushing rollers (41). Each crushing roller (41) has several evenly distributed grinding protrusions (411) on its circumferential surface. Both crushing rollers (41) are rotatably connected to the outer shell (1) and rotate in opposite directions.

3. The synergic reaction system of aluminum dross and anode carbon residue according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) is also equipped with two main guide plates (14) located on the front and rear sides of the outer shell (1). The ends of the two main guide plates (14) are located above the line connecting the axes of the two crushing rollers (41) and tend to the grinding protrusions (411) on the corresponding crushing rollers (41). The outer shell (1) is also equipped with two side guide plates (15) located on the left and right sides of the outer shell (1). The parts of the two side guide plates (15) facing the two main guide plates (14) are in contact with the two main guide plates (14).

4. The synergic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed tube (12) is configured as a square tube structure and is arranged longitudinally; a number of slots (121) corresponding to the material distribution plate (2) are provided on one side of the feed tube (12), and the material distribution plate (2) is inserted into the corresponding slot (121) to close the feed tube (12).

5. The synergic reaction system of aluminum dross and anode carbon residue according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the feed pipe (12) and the position corresponding to each material distribution plate (2) are provided with a support step (122).

6. The synergic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon residue according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotary motor is also installed on the outer casing. Gears (43) are coaxially mounted on the shaft ends of the two crushing rollers (41), and the two gears (43) are meshed together. The output end of the rotary motor is connected to the shaft end of one of the crushing rollers (41) through a synchronous belt assembly (44) to drive the crushing roller (41) to rotate.

7. The synergic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screen (3) has a number of mesh holes (31) on the part of the discharge port (13) facing it; the discharge end of the screen (3) is configured with a smooth and continuous surface.

8. The synergic reaction system of aluminum ash and anode carbon residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screen (3) has stepped flanges (32) that bend upwards on both sides of the discharge end.

9. The synergic reaction system of aluminum dross and anode carbon residue according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) is also provided with at least two longitudinally connected guide rods (16), each flange (32) corresponds to at least one guide rod (16) and the guide rod (16) passes through the flange (32) and is slidably connected to it, and each guide rod (16) is equipped with a spring (17) to support the screen (3).

10. The synergic reaction system of aluminum dross and anode carbon residue according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive source (5) is configured as a lifting motor or a vibration motor. The drive source (5) is mounted on the housing (1) and its output end is connected to the screen (3).

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