Multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts

Abstract

The utility model discloses transmission shaft multistation composite processing device relates to the field of machining, including lathe body, and the lathe body has initiative power shaft, first translation mechanism and second translation mechanism, and the fixture is fixedly connected on initiative power shaft, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected on the fixture, and the moving track of first translation mechanism and second translation mechanism all sets up along transmission shaft length direction. Advantageous effect lies in: through the cooperation of first translation mechanism, rotating mechanism, makes the outer circle turning assembly and the keyway milling assembly can share same reference transmission shaft axis, need not transfer and can complete outer circle turning and keyway milling, and second translation mechanism and swing subassembly drive drilling assembly complete end drilling simultaneously, realize one -time clamping, three -way procedure's integrated processing. Compared with traditional multiple equipment step -by -step processing, single piece processing cycle shortens, and the reference deviation of multiple clamping is avoided, and the machining accuracy consistency improves significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, drive shafts, as core components for transmitting power, are widely used in automobiles, construction machinery, mining equipment and other fields. Their processing steps include end drilling, outer surface turning and keyway milling.

[0003] The existing processing methods mainly suffer from the following technical pain points:

[0004] Multi-machine step-by-step processing results in low process connection efficiency. In traditional processing, the drive shaft needs to be turned on an ordinary lathe first, then transferred to a milling machine for keyway milling, and finally transferred to a drilling machine to process the end hole. Each process requires separate adjustment of tooling fixtures, and the machining accuracy is easily reduced due to positioning datum deviation during the transfer process. At the same time, multiple clamping and transfers extend the single-piece processing cycle, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-station composite processing device for drive shafts in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, as detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shaft provided by this utility model includes a lathe body, which has a main power shaft, a first translation mechanism and a second translation mechanism. A fixture is fixedly connected to the main power shaft, and a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the fixture. The movement trajectories of the first translation mechanism and the second translation mechanism are both set along the length direction of the transmission shaft.

[0008] A rotating mechanism is fixedly connected to the moving end of the first translation mechanism. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating annular ring, on which an external turning component and a keyway milling component are fixedly mounted.

[0009] The second translation mechanism is fixedly connected to a swing assembly, and the swing end of the swing assembly is fixedly connected to a drilling assembly for drilling holes at the end of the drive shaft and a support assembly for supporting the hole.

[0010] Using the aforementioned multi-station composite machining device for the drive shaft, the drive shaft is fixed on the fixture. First, the drilling machine is rotated to the center position of the end of the drive shaft by the swing assembly. Then, the drilling machine is driven to approach the drive shaft by the second translation mechanism and drills a hole at the end of the drive shaft. Then, the support cone is rotated to the position corresponding to the drilling by the swing assembly. The support cone is then inserted into the hole by the second translation mechanism. The support cone can support the main drive shaft and the fixture. The length position of the rotating mechanism relative to the drive shaft is adjusted by the first translation mechanism. The surface position of the outer diameter turning assembly and the keyway milling assembly relative to the drive shaft is adjusted by the rotating mechanism.

[0011] The drive shaft surface can be turned and milled by the cooperation of the first translation mechanism, the rotation mechanism, the external turning assembly, and the keyway milling assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a fixed base fixedly connected to the moving end of the first translation mechanism, two guide rings fixedly connected to the fixed base, an annular ring rotatably connected between the two guide rings, an external gear ring fixedly connected to the surface of the annular ring, a motor fixedly connected to the fixed base, and the output shaft of the motor passing through the fixed base and fixedly connected to a gear, which meshes with the external gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the external turning assembly includes two guide rods that are slidably connected to the annular ring along the radial direction of the annular ring. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the annular ring. The telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods. A turning tool is fixedly connected to the other end of the two guide rods through a connecting bracket.

[0014] Preferably, the keyway milling assembly includes two guide rods slidably connected to the annular ring along the radial direction of the annular ring. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the annular ring, and the movable end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods. A motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the two guide rods, and a milling cutter is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor.

[0015] Preferably, the swing assembly includes a motor three fixedly connected to the moving end of the second translation mechanism, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor three.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a drilling assembly and a support assembly.

[0017] Preferably, the drive shaft and the annular ring are concentric.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting plate can be rotated to be misaligned with the end of the drive shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the fixture is a three-grip centering chuck fixture, and the fixture is coaxial with the drive shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects are:

[0021] 1. Through the cooperation of the first translation mechanism and the rotation mechanism, the external turning assembly and the keyway milling assembly can share the same reference transmission shaft axis, completing external turning and keyway milling without the need for transfer. At the same time, the second translation mechanism and the swing assembly drive the drilling assembly to complete the end drilling, realizing integrated processing of three processes in one clamping. Compared with traditional multi-equipment step-by-step processing, the single-piece processing cycle is shortened, and the reference deviation caused by multiple clampings is avoided, significantly improving the consistency of processing accuracy.

[0022] 2. The swing assembly can drive the support cone to insert into the hole, forming a two-end support structure with the clamp at the end of the main drive shaft, effectively offsetting the cutting force during external turning and keyway milling, and avoiding radial deformation of the slender drive shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating mechanism of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing base of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the annular ring of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the swing component of this utility model.

[0030] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0031] 1. Lathe body; 2. Main drive shaft; 3. First translation mechanism; 4. Second translation mechanism; 5. Fixture; 6. Drive shaft; 7. Rotation mechanism; 8. Ring ring; 9. External turning assembly; 10. Keyway milling assembly; 11. Swing assembly; 12. Drilling assembly; 13. Support assembly; 14. Fixed seat; 15. Motor 1; 16. Gear; 17. External gear ring; 18. Guide ring; 19. Electric push rod 1; 20. Guide rod 1; 21. Connecting frame; 22. Lathe tool; 23. Electric push rod 2; 24. Guide rod 2; 25. Motor 2; 26. Motor 3; 27. Connecting plate; 28. Support cone; 29. ​​Drilling rig. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] See Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides a multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts, including a lathe body 1. The lathe body 1 has a main power shaft 2, a first translation mechanism 3 and a second translation mechanism 4. A fixture 5 is fixedly connected to the main power shaft 2, and a transmission shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the fixture 5. The movement trajectories of the first translation mechanism 3 and the second translation mechanism 4 are both set along the length direction of the transmission shaft 6.

[0034] The lathe body 1 adopts a cast iron one-piece base. The top of the base is provided with two parallel linear guide rails extending along the length of the transmission shaft 6, which provide guidance and support for the first translation mechanism 3 and the second translation mechanism 4 respectively. The base integrates the drive system of the main drive shaft 2, such as a servo motor and a gearbox, which is connected to the main drive shaft 2 through a coupling. The main drive shaft can achieve stepless speed regulation of 20-3000r / min, which can meet the cutting speed requirements of different materials of transmission shafts such as 45# steel and stainless steel.

[0035] The first translation mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the moving end of a rotating mechanism 7. The rotating mechanism 7 includes a rotating annular ring 8, on which an outer circle turning assembly 9 and a keyway milling assembly 10 are fixedly mounted.

[0036] The second translation mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to a swing assembly 11. The swing end of the swing assembly 11 is fixedly connected to a drilling assembly 12 for drilling holes at the end of the transmission shaft 6 and a support assembly 13 for supporting the hole.

[0037] The first translation mechanism 3 and the second translation mechanism 4 have the same structure, both including a sliding seat, a ball screw pair, and a servo motor. The bottom of the sliding seat slides in conjunction with the linear guide rail of the lathe body 1. The ball screw pair is arranged along the length of the guide rail, and its nut is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one end of the ball screw through a coupling. The ball screw is driven to rotate by the servo motor, which drives the sliding seat to translate along the guide rail. The positioning accuracy can reach ±0.01mm. The sliding seat of the first translation mechanism 3 is used to install the rotating mechanism 7, and the sliding seat of the second translation mechanism 4 is used to install the swing component 11. The translation stroke of both covers the machining length of the transmission shaft 6, such as 500-1500mm.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the rotating mechanism 7 includes a fixed seat 14 fixedly connected to the moving end of the first translation mechanism 3. Two guide rings 18 are fixedly connected to the fixed seat 14. An annular ring 8 is rotatably connected between the two guide rings 18. An external gear ring 17 is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular ring 8. A motor 15 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 14. The output shaft of the motor 15 passes through the fixed seat 14 and is fixedly connected to a gear 16, and the gear 16 meshes with the external gear ring 17.

[0039] Both guide rings 18 have annular grooves on their inner rings. Wear-resistant copper sleeves are embedded in the grooves and contact the outer wall of the ring 8 to reduce frictional loss when the ring 8 rotates. The fixed seat 14 is provided with a lubrication oil passage. The outlet of the lubrication oil passage is aligned with the mating surface between the guide ring 18 and the ring 8. Lubricating grease can be injected periodically by a manual oil pump to extend the service life of the rotating mechanism 7. The motor 15 is a servo motor with a braking function. When the ring 8 rotates to a specified machining angle, such as when turning the outer circle, the cutting tool 22 faces the drive shaft 6. When milling the keyway, the milling cutter faces the drive shaft 6. The braking function is activated to prevent the ring 8 from shifting due to inertia.

[0040] The external turning assembly 9 includes two guide rods 20 that are radially slidably connected to the annular ring 8. An electric push rod 19 is fixedly connected to the annular ring 8. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 19 is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods 20. The other end of the two guide rods 20 is fixedly connected to a turning tool 22 through a connecting bracket 21.

[0041] The guide rod 20 and the annular ring 8 are fitted with a clearance fit of 0.005-0.01mm. The surface of the guide rod 20 is chrome-plated with a hardness of HRC60 or higher to improve wear resistance and linear motion accuracy. The electric push rod 19 is a ball screw type electric push rod with a thrust of up to 5000N, which can stably drive the cutting tool 22 to achieve a micro-feed of 0.001mm, meeting the machining requirements of the outer diameter of the transmission shaft 6, such as IT6 grade. The connecting frame 21 is rigidly connected to the guide rod 20 by bolts, and the connecting frame 21 is equipped with a fine-tuning mechanism for the cutting tool 22, such as a set screw, which can finely adjust the cutting angle of the cutting tool 22 by ±1°.

[0042] The main drive shaft 2 is started to drive the transmission shaft 6 to rotate. The first translation mechanism 3 drives the rotation mechanism 7 to move to the area to be processed on the transmission shaft 6. The motor 15 drives the ring 8 to rotate, so that the cutting tool 22 faces the outer circle of the transmission shaft 6. The electric push rod 19 drives the guide rod 20 to feed. The cutting tool 22 contacts the transmission shaft 6 to perform outer circle turning. The first translation mechanism 3 moves along the length of the transmission shaft 6 to complete the outer circle machining of the entire length.

[0043] The keyway milling assembly 10 includes two guide rods 24 that are radially slidably connected to the annular ring 8. An electric push rod 23 is fixedly connected to the annular ring 8, and the movable end of the electric push rod 23 is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods 24. A motor 25 is fixedly connected to the other end of the two guide rods 24, and a milling cutter is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 25.

[0044] Motor 25 adopts a high-frequency spindle motor with a rated speed of 10,000-15,000 r / min, which can drive milling cutters such as high-speed steel keyway milling cutters to achieve efficient milling; the matching structure between guide rod 24 and ring 8 is the same as that of guide rod 1 20, ensuring the radial feed accuracy of the milling cutter; the ring 8 is provided with a cooling water pipe interface at the position corresponding to the keyway milling assembly 10, and the cooling water pipe outlet is aligned with the cutting area of ​​the milling cutter and the drive shaft 6. During processing, emulsion can be sprayed to cool the tool and flush away the chips, avoiding the accumulation of chips that affect the keyway accuracy, such as the keyway symmetry and depth tolerance.

[0045] After the outer diameter turning is completed, the main drive shaft 2 stops rotating, and motor 15 drives the ring 8 to rotate 180°, so that the milling cutter faces the outer diameter of the drive shaft 6; electric push rod 23 drives guide rod 24 to feed, so that the milling cutter is close to the outer diameter of the drive shaft 6, and motor 25 is started to drive the milling cutter to rotate. At the same time, the first translation mechanism 3 drives the rotation mechanism 7 to move along the length of the drive shaft 6 to complete the keyway milling.

[0046] The swing assembly 11 includes a motor 26 fixedly connected to the moving end of the second translation mechanism 4, and a connecting plate 27 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 26.

[0047] Motor 26 uses a servo motor and is equipped with an angle encoder, which can achieve precise angle control from 0-180°. The connecting plate 27 and the output shaft of Motor 26 are fixed by a flat key and a locking nut to ensure transmission rigidity. The fixed seat is equipped with a limit block at the installation position of the swing component 11. When the connecting plate 27 rotates to the "drilling position" and the drill 29 is aligned with the center of the end of the transmission shaft 6, or when the support cone 28 is aligned with the end hole of the transmission shaft 6, the limit block contacts the side of the connecting plate 27 to play a mechanical limiting role. Together with the electrical limit of Motor 26, the swing position accuracy is doubly guaranteed to be ±0.02mm.

[0048] The control system activates the second translation mechanism 4, which drives the swing assembly 11 to move towards the end of the transmission shaft 6. At the same time, the motor 26 drives the connecting plate 27 to rotate, so that the drill 29 is aligned with the center of the end of the transmission shaft 6. The drill 29 is started, and the second translation mechanism 4 continues to drive the drill 29 to feed. After the end drilling is completed, the drill 29 stops working. The second translation mechanism 4 drives the swing assembly 11 to move backward, and the motor 26 drives the connecting plate 27 to rotate, so that the support cone 28 is aligned with the drill hole.

[0049] A drilling assembly 12 and a support assembly 13 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 27. The drilling assembly 12 includes a drill 29, and the support assembly 13 includes a support cone 28 rotatably connected to the connecting plate 27.

[0050] The drill 29 of the drilling assembly 12 is a pneumatic or electric drill. Its output shaft is equipped with a drill bit selected according to the end hole diameter of the drive shaft 6, such as φ5-φ20mm, via a chuck. The drill 29 is fixed to the connecting plate 27 with bolts, and the fixing position can be adjusted along the length of the connecting plate 27 to adapt to the drilling requirements of the end of the drive shaft 6 of different lengths. The support cone 28 of the support assembly 13 is made of cemented carbide, and the cone tip angle is 60° or 90° to match the taper of the end hole of the drive shaft 6. The support cone 28 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 27 through a bearing. When the support cone 28 is inserted into the end hole of the drive shaft 6, it can rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 6 to avoid sliding friction between the support cone 28 and the hole wall.

[0051] The drive shaft 6 and the annular ring 8 are concentric shafts.

[0052] The connecting plate 27 can be misaligned with the end of the drive shaft 6 by rotation.

[0053] The clamp 5 adopts a three-jaw centering chuck clamp, and the clamp 5 is coaxial with the drive shaft 6. One end of the drive shaft 6 is installed into the three-jaw centering chuck clamp 5, and the clamping function of the clamp 5 is activated to fix the drive shaft 6 coaxially with the drive shaft 2. The initial position of the second translation mechanism 4 is adjusted according to the length of the drive shaft 6 to ensure that the connecting plate 27 can rotate to the end of the drive shaft 6.

[0054] The main power shaft 2 adopts a front deep groove ball bearing and a rear double row cylindrical roller bearing for double bearing stress relief. The rear bearing housing preload bolts are used to eliminate clearance to reduce shaft end vibration and prevent shaft bending.

[0055] Motor 15 has a bearing housing at the output shaft end to resist the meshing radial force and prevent cantilever stress. At the same time, the flange retaining ring positions the gear to prevent axial movement and increase shaft load. Motor 25 uses a front angular contact bearing and a rear deep groove ball bearing to resist the milling impact force. The milling cutter is fixed by the spindle tie rod so that the torque does not directly act on the motor shaft. Motor 326 has a steel sleeve between the flange and the sliding seat to reduce the oscillating radial force. It is connected to the double nut through a flat key to prevent loosening and increase shaft load.

[0056] The guide rod is fixed at both ends with a linear bearing, so that the feed reaction force is borne by the bearing and does not act on the push rod shaft. The shoulder and retaining ring are used to prevent axial movement and avoid the push rod shaft from receiving force.

[0057] The support cone 28 is connected to the shaft with a bearing so that the rotational force is transmitted through the bearing and does not act on the motor shaft 26. Furthermore, the support force is dispersed through the cone surface with a large contact area, avoiding the transmission of localized force to the motor shaft.

[0058] Using the above structure, the drive shaft 6 is fixed on the fixture 5. First, the drill 29 is rotated to the center position of the end of the drive shaft 6 by the swing assembly 11. Then, the drill 29 is driven to approach the drive shaft 6 by the second translation mechanism 4 and drills a hole at the end of the drive shaft 6. Then, the support cone 28 is rotated to the position corresponding to the hole by the swing assembly 11. The support cone 28 is inserted into the hole by the second translation mechanism 4. The support cone 28 can support the main drive shaft 2 and the fixture 5. The length position of the rotation mechanism 7 relative to the drive shaft 6 is adjusted by the first translation mechanism 3. The surface position of the outer diameter turning assembly 9 and the keyway milling assembly 10 relative to the drive shaft 6 is adjusted by the rotation mechanism 7.

[0059] The first translation mechanism 3, the rotation mechanism 7, the outer cylindrical turning assembly 9, and the keyway milling assembly 10 work together to turn and mill grooves on the surface of the drive shaft 6.

[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-station composite machining device for drive shafts, characterized in that: The lathe body (1) includes a main drive shaft (2), a first translation mechanism (3) and a second translation mechanism (4). A fixture (5) is fixedly connected to the main drive shaft (2), and a transmission shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the fixture (5). The movement trajectories of the first translation mechanism (3) and the second translation mechanism (4) are both set along the length direction of the transmission shaft (6). A rotating mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the first translation mechanism (3). The rotating mechanism (7) includes a rotating annular ring (8). An external turning assembly (9) and a keyway milling assembly (10) are fixedly installed on the annular ring (8). The second translation mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to a swing assembly (11), and the swing end of the swing assembly (11) is fixedly connected to a drilling assembly (12) for drilling holes at the end of the transmission shaft (6) and a support assembly (13) for supporting the hole.

2. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (7) includes a fixed seat (14) fixedly connected to the moving end of the first translation mechanism (3). Two guide rings (18) are fixedly connected to the fixed seat (14). An annular ring (8) is rotatably connected between the two guide rings (18). An external gear ring (17) is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular ring (8). A motor (15) is fixedly connected to the fixed seat (14). The output shaft of the motor (15) passes through the fixed seat (14) and is fixedly connected to a gear (16), and the gear (16) meshes with the external gear ring (17).

3. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The external turning assembly (9) includes two guide rods (20) that are radially slidably connected to the annular ring (8). An electric push rod (19) is fixedly connected to the annular ring (8). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (19) is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods (20). The other end of the two guide rods (20) is fixedly connected to a turning tool (22) through a connecting bracket (21).

4. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The keyway milling assembly (10) includes two guide rods (24) that are radially slidably connected to the annular ring (8). An electric push rod (23) is fixedly connected to the annular ring (8), and the movable end of the electric push rod (23) is fixedly connected to the same end of the two guide rods (24). The other end of the two guide rods (24) is fixedly connected to a motor (25), and a milling cutter is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (25).

5. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing assembly (11) includes a motor three (26) fixedly connected to the moving end of the second translation mechanism (4), and a connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor three (26).

6. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to a drilling assembly (12) and a support assembly (13).

7. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive shaft (6) and the annular ring (8) are concentric.

8. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting plate (27) can be rotated to be misaligned with the end of the transmission shaft (6).

9. The multi-station composite machining device for transmission shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (5) is a three-grip centering chuck clamp, and the clamp (5) is coaxial with the drive shaft (6).

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