An underground pipeline leakage positioning and monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground pipeline leakage positioning monitoring devices, including the multiple humidity monitoring unit who arranges along water supply pipeline, and the multiple humidity monitoring unit is connected with monitoring terminal PC through LORA gateway, and humidity monitoring unit includes first humidity sensor and second humidity sensor and signal transmission module, and first humidity sensor and second humidity sensor are buried in water supply pipeline top, and the embedding depth of first humidity sensor is less than the embedding depth of second humidity sensor, and the signal output end of first humidity sensor and second humidity sensor is connected with signal transmission module, when pipeline has no leakage, the indication of two humidity sensors is basically same, only when water supply pipeline has leakage, the indication of humidity sensor close to pipeline will be obviously greater than humidity sensor top, and through network to monitoring terminal sends the ID information of leakage point, as far as possible excludes the interference of external factor, avoids false report, and the detection result is more accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of pipeline leakage detection technology, specifically an underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Leaks in water supply pipelines not only waste water resources, but also cause a drop in local pipeline pressure, affecting users' normal water use, and allow pollutants to enter the pipeline, affecting water supply safety. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the leak as quickly and accurately as possible and carry out emergency repairs.

[0003] Common methods for locating leaks in underground pipelines include noise monitoring, gas tracing, and humidity detection. Humidity detection, in particular, locates leaks based on changes in humidity near the leak point. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN211902392U discloses a coal mine pipeline leak location system and temperature and humidity sensors based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This IoT-based system includes: online pipeline monitoring software, LoRa wireless IoT, a LoRa wireless base station, and multiple temperature and humidity sensor groups. Each sensor group contains two or more temperature and humidity sensors installed on the surface of the coal mine pipeline. These sensors are connected to the LoRa wireless base station via the LoRa wireless IoT, and the LoRa wireless base station is connected to the online pipeline monitoring software via a fiber optic ring network. This method solves the technical problems of long inspection cycles, easy omissions, and low efficiency associated with existing methods of periodically inspecting leaks in underground coal mine water pipes.

[0004] However, the humidity sensor in this system is susceptible to interference from external factors. For example, the soil moisture may vary greatly in different sections of the pipeline, and water accumulation in low-lying areas may cause abnormal soil moisture, leading to false alarms. In addition, the system needs to periodically wake up to send data from all humidity sensors to the LORA wireless base station, resulting in high power consumption and data processing volume. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention proposes an underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device, which aims to solve the problems of existing leakage location devices based on humidity monitoring being easily affected by external factors, having high power consumption, and requiring large amounts of data processing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device includes multiple humidity monitoring units deployed along a water supply pipeline, and the multiple humidity monitoring units are connected to a monitoring terminal PC via a LoRa gateway. The humidity monitoring unit includes a first humidity sensor, a second humidity sensor, and a signal transmission module. The first humidity sensor and the second humidity sensor are buried above the water supply pipe. The burial depth of the first humidity sensor is less than that of the second humidity sensor. The signal output terminals of the first humidity sensor and the second humidity sensor are connected to the signal transmission module. The signal transmission module includes a comparator circuit, a microcontroller, an RFID module, and a LoRa module. The signal output terminals of the first and second humidity sensors are connected to the input terminal of the comparator circuit. The output terminal of the comparator circuit is connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is communicatively connected to the RFID module. The output terminal of the microcontroller is connected to the LoRa module. When the output signal of the second humidity sensor of a humidity monitoring unit is greater than the output signal of the first humidity sensor, the microcontroller triggers the RFID module and sends the ID information of the humidity monitoring unit to the LoRa gateway through the LoRa module.

[0007] Preferably, the first humidity sensor includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a transistor, and a pull-down resistor. The first electrode and the second electrode are buried in the soil above the water supply pipe. The first electrode is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, the second electrode is connected to the base of the transistor, the collector of the transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, the emitter of the transistor is connected in series with the pull-down resistor to ground, and a voltage signal output terminal is connected between the emitter of the transistor and the pull-down resistor. The circuit structure of the second humidity sensor is the same as that of the first humidity sensor.

[0008] Preferably, a protective resistor is connected in series between the first electrode and the positive terminal of the power supply.

[0009] Preferably, both the first and second electrodes of the second humidity sensor are connected to extension wires. The first electrode of the second humidity sensor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through the extension wire, and the second electrode of the second humidity sensor is connected to the base of the transistor of the second humidity sensor through the extension wire. The outer wall of the extension wire is provided with an insulating protective layer.

[0010] Preferably, the comparison circuit includes a non-inverting comparator. The signal output terminal of the first humidity sensor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator through a first input resistor. The signal output terminal of the second humidity sensor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator through a second input resistor. The output terminal of the non-inverting comparator is connected to the high-level trigger input of the microcontroller.

[0011] Preferably, the resistance value of the first input resistor is less than the resistance value of the second input resistor.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least the following technical effects: 1. Each humidity monitoring unit of this utility model is equipped with two humidity sensors buried at different depths. When there is no leakage in the pipeline, the readings of the two humidity sensors are basically the same. Only when there is a leakage in the water supply pipeline will the reading of the humidity sensor closer to the pipeline (below) be significantly greater than that of the humidity sensor above, and send the ID information of the leak point to the monitoring terminal through the network. Therefore, this utility model eliminates the interference of external factors as much as possible through humidity difference detection, avoids false alarms, and makes the detection results more accurate and reliable.

[0013] 2. The signal transmission module of this utility model will only wake up the RFID module and LORA module to send signals when the signal difference between the two humidity sensors is large, thus reducing the energy consumption of the device (the power consumption of the humidity sensor is extremely low) and reducing the information processing load of the gateway and control terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission module structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the humidity sensor circuit structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extension wire and insulating protective layer structure of the humidity sensor of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. First humidity sensor; 2. Second humidity sensor; 3. Signal transmission module; 4. LoRa gateway; 5. Monitoring terminal PC; 6. Water supply pipe; 71. First electrode; 72. Second electrode; 8. Protection resistor; 9. Transistor; 10. Pull-down resistor; 11. Non-inverting comparator; 12. Microcontroller; 13. RFID module; 14. LoRa module; 15. Power supply; 16. First input resistor; 17. Second input resistor; 18. Insulating protective layer; 19. Extension wire. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific implementation examples.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-4 This year, a utility model proposes an underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device, which includes multiple humidity monitoring units arranged along the water supply pipeline 6. The multiple humidity monitoring units are connected to the monitoring terminal PC5 through the LORA gateway 4. The humidity monitoring unit includes a first humidity sensor 1, a second humidity sensor 2, and a signal transmission module 3. The first humidity sensor 1 and the second humidity sensor 2 are buried above the water supply pipe 6. The burial depth of the first humidity sensor 1 is less than the burial depth of the second humidity sensor 2. The signal output terminals of the first humidity sensor 1 and the second humidity sensor 2 are connected to the signal transmission module 3. The signal transmission module 3 includes a comparison circuit, a microcontroller 12, an RFID module 13, and a LoRa module 14. The signal output terminals of the first humidity sensor 1 and the second humidity sensor 2 are connected to the input terminal of the comparison circuit. The output terminal of the comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller 12. The microcontroller 12 is communicatively connected to the RFID module 13. The output terminal of the microcontroller 12 is connected to the LoRa module 14. When the output signal of the second humidity sensor 2 of a humidity monitoring unit is greater than the output signal of the first humidity sensor 1, the microcontroller 12 triggers the RFID module 13 and sends the ID information of the humidity monitoring unit to the LoRa gateway 4 through the LoRa module 14.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple humidity monitoring units are buried along the water supply pipe 6 at intervals of 20 to 30 meters. The first humidity sensor 1 is buried at a depth of no less than 50 cm to avoid the influence of precipitation and evaporation (located below the evaporation layer and the moist front). The second humidity sensor 2 is buried close to the water supply pipe 5, specifically at a position 10 cm to 20 cm above the water supply pipe 6. When the water supply pipe 6 leaks, the reading of the second humidity sensor 2 will be significantly greater than the reading of the first humidity sensor 1. like Figure 2 As shown, when the output signal (humidity value) of the second humidity sensor 2 is significantly greater than that of the first humidity sensor 1, the output of the comparison circuit wakes up the microcontroller 12, and triggers the RFID module 13 and the LORA module 14 through the microcontroller 12 (or a MOSFET switch controlled by the pin of the MCU can be used to power them when the output signal of the second humidity sensor 2 is significantly greater than that of the first humidity sensor 1). The specific process is as follows: the microcontroller 12 sends a card reading command to the RFID module 13, the RFID module 13 sends the ID information of the humidity monitoring unit to the microcontroller 12, the microcontroller 12 receives and parses the data stream, packages the data according to the instruction format required by the LORA module 14, and sends it to the LORA module 14 through the serial port. The LORA module 14 transmits the data to the monitoring terminal PC5 through the LORA gateway 4. The staff can then view the ID information of the humidity detection unit on the monitoring terminal PC5 and thus determine the location of the leak.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first humidity sensor 1 includes a first electrode 71, a second electrode 72, a transistor 9, and a pull-down resistor 10. The first electrode 71 and the second electrode 72 are buried in the soil above the water supply pipe 6. The first electrode 71 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 15, the second electrode 72 is connected to the base of the transistor 9, the collector of the transistor 9 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 15, the emitter of the transistor 9 is connected to the ground in series with the pull-down resistor 10, and a voltage signal output terminal is connected between the emitter of the transistor 9 and the pull-down resistor 10. like Figure 3 As shown, changes in soil moisture cause changes in soil conductivity, thus soil can be considered as a variable resistor. When soil moisture increases, the resistance between the first electrode 71 and the second electrode 72 decreases, and the current flowing through the first electrode 71 and the second electrode 72 increases. The current flowing through the first electrode 71 and the second electrode 72 is amplified by the transistor 9, and the current signal is converted into a voltage signal by the pull-down resistor R1. Therefore, when soil moisture increases, the voltage at the voltage signal output terminal will increase accordingly.

[0023] The second humidity sensor 2 has the same circuit structure as the first humidity sensor 1. The only difference between the second humidity sensor 2 and the first humidity sensor 1 is the depth of electrode embedding.

[0024] In this embodiment, a protective resistor 8 is connected in series between the first electrode 71 and the positive terminal of the power supply 15.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first electrode 71 and the second electrode 72 of the second humidity sensor 2 are both connected to an extension wire 19. The first electrode 71 of the second humidity sensor 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 15 through the extension wire 19, and the second electrode 72 of the second humidity sensor 2 is connected to the base of the transistor 9 of the second humidity sensor 2 through the extension wire 19. An insulating protective layer 18 is provided on the outer wall of the extension wire 19.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to make the burial depth of the second humidity sensor 2 greater than that of the first humidity sensor 1, in this embodiment, an extension wire 19 is connected to the two electrodes of the second humidity sensor 2. The outer wall of the extension wire 19 is wrapped with an insulating protective layer and does not come into direct contact with the soil.

[0027] In this embodiment, the comparison circuit is further configured such that the comparison circuit includes a non-inverting comparator 11, the signal output terminal of the first humidity sensor 1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator 11 through a first input resistor 16, the signal output terminal of the second humidity sensor 2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator 11 through a second input resistor 17, and the output terminal of the non-inverting comparator 11 is connected to the high-level trigger input of the microcontroller 12.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, when the voltage signal output by the second humidity sensor 2 is greater than the voltage signal output by the first humidity sensor 1, the output of the in-phase comparator 11 outputs a high level, thereby waking up the microcontroller 12 and triggering the RFID module 13 and the LORA module 14 to send data to the LORA gateway.

[0029] The RFID module 13 and the LORA module 14 can be equipped with separate power supplies as needed, or they can share the power supply 15 of the humidity sensor.

[0030] In this embodiment, the resistance value of the first input resistor 16 is less than the resistance value of the second input resistor 17.

[0031] To avoid false alarms caused by slight differences in the output signals of the first sensor 1 and the second sensor 2, in this embodiment, the resistance value of the second input resistor 17 is set to 110%~120% of the resistance value of the first input resistor 16. When the difference between the first humidity sensor 1 and the second humidity sensor 2 exceeds a certain range, the line comparator 11 will send a high-level trigger signal, thus reducing the probability of false alarms.

[0032] In summary, this utility model uses humidity difference detection, which minimizes interference from external factors, avoids false alarms, and makes the detection results more accurate and reliable. At the same time, the humidity detection unit only wakes up the RFID module 13 and LORA module 14 to send signals when the signal difference between the two humidity sensors is large, thus reducing the energy consumption of the device and reducing the information processing load of the gateway and control terminal.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this utility model, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for locating and monitoring leakage in underground pipelines, characterized in that, It includes multiple humidity monitoring units installed along the water supply pipeline (6), and the multiple humidity monitoring units are connected to the monitoring terminal PC (5) through the LORA gateway (4); The humidity monitoring unit includes a first humidity sensor (1), a second humidity sensor (2), and a signal transmission module (3). The first humidity sensor (1) and the second humidity sensor (2) are buried above the water supply pipe (6). The burial depth of the first humidity sensor (1) is less than the burial depth of the second humidity sensor (2). The signal output terminals of the first humidity sensor (1) and the second humidity sensor (2) are connected to the signal transmission module (3). The signal transmission module (3) includes a comparison circuit, a microcontroller (12), an RFID module (13), and a LORA module (14). The signal output terminals of the first humidity sensor (1) and the second humidity sensor (2) are connected to the input terminal of the comparison circuit. The output terminal of the comparison circuit is connected to the microcontroller (12). The microcontroller (12) is communicatively connected to the RFID module (13). The output terminal of the microcontroller (12) is connected to the LORA module (14). When the output signal of the second humidity sensor (2) of a humidity monitoring unit is greater than the output signal of the first humidity sensor (1), the microcontroller (12) triggers the RFID module (13) and sends the ID information of the humidity monitoring unit to the LORA gateway (4) through the LORA module (14).

2. The underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first humidity sensor (1) includes a first electrode (71), a second electrode (72), a transistor (9) and a pull-down resistor (10). The first electrode (71) and the second electrode (72) are buried in the soil above the water supply pipe (6). The first electrode (71) is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply (15), the second electrode (72) is connected to the base of the transistor (9), the collector of the transistor (9) is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply (15), the emitter of the transistor (9) is connected to the ground in series with the pull-down resistor (10), and a voltage signal output terminal is connected between the emitter of the transistor (9) and the pull-down resistor (10). The circuit structure of the second humidity sensor (2) is the same as that of the first humidity sensor (1).

3. The underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A protective resistor (8) is connected in series between the first electrode (71) and the positive terminal of the power supply (15).

4. The underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first electrode (71) and the second electrode (72) of the second humidity sensor (2) are both connected to an extension wire (19). The first electrode (71) of the second humidity sensor (2) is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply (15) through the extension wire (19), and the second electrode (72) of the second humidity sensor (2) is connected to the base of the transistor (9) of the second humidity sensor (2) through the extension wire (19). An insulating protective layer (18) is provided on the outer wall of the extension wire (19).

5. The underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison circuit includes a non-inverting comparator (11). The signal output terminal of the first humidity sensor (1) is connected to the inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator (11) through a first input resistor (16). The signal output terminal of the second humidity sensor (2) is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the non-inverting comparator (11) through a second input resistor (17). The output terminal of the non-inverting comparator (11) is connected to the high-level trigger input of the microcontroller (12).

6. The underground pipeline leakage location and monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The resistance of the first input resistor (16) is less than the resistance of the second input resistor (17).

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