A battery pack and an electric device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a battery pack and an electric device, which comprise a box body, a plurality of single batteries and a plurality of shielding assemblies; the box body is provided with a plurality of mutually independent containing cavities, the box body comprises a bottom plate and a side plate extending along the circumference of the bottom plate, at least one of the bottom plate and the side plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and at least one first through hole is communicated with one containing cavity; at least one single battery is arranged in one containing cavity, the single battery is provided with an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged opposite to the first through hole; one shielding assembly is used for covering and sealing one first through hole and is movably connected with the box body, and the shielding assembly is configured to be capable of moving relative to the box body in a direction away from the containing cavity in the case that the explosion-proof valve is actuated, so that the discharge in the containing cavity is discharged. By arranging the shielding assembly, the discharge in the containing cavity can be discharged in time when the explosion-proof valve is actuated, heat loss of other battery units which do not occur heat loss is avoided, and the use safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] The battery pack is a core component of new energy vehicles, and with the continuous development of new energy vehicles, the safety of battery pack use is receiving increasing attention. Currently, most battery packs are equipped with pressure relief valves, which are used to promptly release high-temperature gases outside the battery pack in the event of thermal runaway.

[0003] In related technologies, battery packs typically include an exhaust channel connected to a pressure relief valve. This exhaust channel connects to each battery cell within the pack to ensure the smooth discharge of high-temperature gases. However, when one battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature gases can rapidly diffuse to other battery cells through the exhaust channel, potentially triggering thermal runaway in other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, thus affecting the safety of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to provide a battery pack and electrical equipment to solve the problem that when one battery cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas generated can diffuse to other battery cells, thereby causing other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway to also experience thermal runaway, thus affecting the safety of the battery pack.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a battery pack, comprising: a housing, a plurality of individual cells, and a plurality of shielding components; the housing is provided with a plurality of independent receiving cavities, the housing includes a bottom plate and a side plate extending circumferentially along the bottom plate, at least one of the bottom plate and the side plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, at least one of the first through holes communicating with one of the receiving cavities; at least one of the individual cells is disposed in one of the receiving cavities, the individual cell is provided with an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is disposed opposite to the first through hole, the explosion-proof valve is actuated when the internal pressure or temperature of the individual cell reaches a predetermined threshold, so as to discharge emissions from the individual cell; one of the shielding components is used to cover one of the first through holes and is movably connected to the housing, the shielding component is configured to move relative to the housing away from the receiving cavity when the explosion-proof valve is actuated, so as to discharge emissions from the receiving cavity.

[0007] Optionally, the shielding assembly includes: a cover plate for sealing the first through hole, the cover plate having a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other; the cover plate includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion disposed opposite to each other along the first direction, the first connecting portion being rotatably connected to the housing, and the second connecting portion being snapped into the housing.

[0008] Optionally, the first through hole has: a first stepped hole and a second stepped hole connected to each other, the opening size of the first stepped hole is larger than the opening size of the second stepped hole, the second stepped hole connects the first stepped hole and the receiving cavity, and the first stepped hole has a hole wall; at least a portion of the cover plate is embedded in the first stepped hole, and the first connecting portion is rotatably connected to the hole wall, and the second connecting portion is engaged with the hole wall.

[0009] Optionally, the hole wall includes two first hole walls disposed opposite each other along the second direction; the first connecting portion is provided with a first mounting hole extending along the second direction; the shielding component further includes: a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft passing through the first mounting hole along the second direction, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft being respectively connected to the corresponding first hole wall.

[0010] Optionally, one of the second connecting part and the hole wall is provided with a slot, and the other is provided with a block, the block engaging with the slot.

[0011] Optionally, the locking block is disposed on the second connecting portion, and the second connecting portion is further provided with an installation cavity having an opening; the shielding component further includes a driving member, which is disposed in the installation cavity and connected to the locking block, and the driving member is used to drive the locking block to extend relative to the opening so that the locking block engages with the slot.

[0012] Optionally, the housing further includes a stepped portion formed between the first stepped hole and the second stepped hole; the shielding assembly further includes a connecting rod, the connecting rod including a third connecting portion and a fourth connecting portion disposed opposite to each other; the third connecting portion is slidably connected to the stepped portion, and the fourth connecting portion is rotatably connected to the cover plate.

[0013] Optionally, the stepped portion is provided with a groove extending in the first direction on the side near the first through hole; the third connecting portion is provided with a slider, which is slidably connected to the groove.

[0014] Optionally, the cover plate is further provided with a second mounting hole extending along the second direction; the fourth connecting portion is provided with a connecting hole extending along the second direction; the shielding assembly further includes: a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft passing through the second mounting hole and the connecting hole along the second direction.

[0015] Optionally, the housing further includes a stepped portion formed between the first stepped hole and the second stepped hole; the shielding assembly further includes a sealing member disposed on the side of the cover plate near the first through hole, the sealing member being used to abut against the stepped portion.

[0016] Optionally, the shielding assembly further includes an adhesive member disposed between the seal and the step portion and bonded to both the seal and the step portion.

[0017] Optionally, the first through hole is disposed on the base plate; the battery pack further includes: a liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is disposed between the base plate and the single battery cell, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a second through hole, the second through hole being disposed opposite to the explosion-proof valve and the first through hole.

[0018] Secondly, this application also discloses an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery pack.

[0019] In this embodiment, multiple independent receiving cavities are provided, and multiple independent battery cells can be formed by placing at least one single battery cell in each cavity. Since at least one of the bottom plate and side plate of the housing is provided with multiple first through holes, at least one of the first through holes communicates with a receiving cavity, and a shielding component is used to cover one of the first through holes and is movably connected to the housing. Thus, when no battery cell experiences thermal runaway (i.e., during normal use of the battery pack), the shielding component can cover the first through hole, thereby achieving overall sealing of the battery pack. When one battery cell experiences thermal runaway, i.e., when one or more single batteries in one battery cell actuate their explosion-proof valve due to internal pressure or temperature reaching a predetermined threshold, the shielding component can move relative to the housing away from the receiving cavity under the impact of the emitted material. This allows the emitted material to be promptly discharged into the external environment through the first through hole, effectively reducing the possibility of the emitted material spreading within the receiving cavity. This prevents other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway from developing thermal runaway, thus improving the safety of the battery pack. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, this application eliminates the exhaust channel, thereby saving internal space in the battery pack and improving the energy density of the battery pack.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of a battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the fourth schematic diagram of a battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial assembly drawing of the shielding component and the base plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the base plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the shielding component provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding component provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100. Battery pack,

[0033] 1. Box body; 11. Base plate; 111. First through hole; 1111. First stepped hole; 11111. Hole wall; 111111. First hole wall; 111112. Second hole wall; 111113. Slot; 1112. Second stepped hole; 1113. Stepped section; 11131. Sliding groove; 12. Side plate; 13. Top cover; 14. Partition; 15. Receiving cavity.

[0034] 2. Single cell, 21. Explosion-proof valve, 22. Terminal post,

[0035] 3. Shielding assembly; 31. Cover plate; 311. First connecting part; 3111. First mounting hole; 312. Second connecting part; 3121. Locking block; 313. Second mounting hole; 314. Mounting groove; 32. First rotating shaft; 33. Second rotating shaft; 34. Connecting rod; 341. Third connecting part; 3411. Slider; 342. Fourth connecting part; 3421. Connecting hole; 35. Seal; 36. Adhesive.

[0036] 4. Liquid cooling plate, 41. Second through hole,

[0037] 5. First connecting piece,

[0038] 6. Second connecting piece,

[0039] 7. Adapter plate,

[0040] 8. Bolts,

[0041] X. First direction, Y. Second direction, Z. Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] This application provides a battery pack, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This document shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 5 This shows a partial assembly drawing of the shielding assembly and base plate provided in an embodiment of this application, with reference to... Figures 6 to 7 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the base plate provided in an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the cover plate of the shielding assembly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the shielding component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this application provides a battery pack 100, including: a housing 1, a plurality of individual batteries 2, and a plurality of shielding components 3; the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of independent receiving cavities 15, the housing 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a side plate 12 extending circumferentially along the bottom plate 11, at least one of the bottom plate 11 and the side plate 12 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 111, at least one first through hole 111 communicating with a receiving cavity 15; at least one individual battery 2 is disposed in a receiving cavity 15, the individual battery 2 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 21, the explosion-proof valve 21 is disposed opposite to the first through hole 111, the explosion-proof valve 21 is used to actuate when the internal pressure or temperature of the individual battery 2 reaches a predetermined threshold, so as to discharge the emissions in the individual battery 2; a shielding component 3 is used to cover a first through hole 111 and is movably connected to the housing 1, the shielding component 3 is configured to be able to move relative to the housing 1 away from the receiving cavity 15 when the explosion-proof valve 21 is actuated, so as to discharge the emissions in the receiving cavity 15.

[0049] In this embodiment, multiple independent receiving cavities 15 are provided. By placing at least one single battery cell 2 in one receiving cavity 15, multiple independent battery cells can be formed. Since at least one of the bottom plate 11 and side plate 12 of the housing 1 is provided with multiple first through holes 111, at least one first through hole 111 communicates with one receiving cavity 15, and a shielding component 3 is used to cover one first through hole 111 and is movably connected to the housing 1. In this way, when no thermal runaway occurs in any of the battery cells (i.e., during normal use of the battery pack 100), the shielding component 3 can cover the first through hole 111, thereby achieving overall sealing of the battery pack 100. When thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells, specifically when one or more individual cells 2 in one of the battery cells reach a predetermined threshold due to internal pressure or temperature, causing their explosion-proof valve 21 to actuate, the shielding component 3 can move relative to the housing 1 away from the receiving cavity 15 under the impact of the emitted material. This allows the emitted material to be promptly discharged into the external environment through the first through-hole 111, effectively reducing the possibility of the emitted material spreading within the receiving cavity 15. This prevents thermal runaway from occurring in other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, thus improving the safety of the battery pack 100. Furthermore, compared to the prior art, this application eliminates the exhaust channel, thereby saving internal space in the battery pack 100 and improving its energy density.

[0050] It is understood that the multiple first through holes 111 can be all disposed on the base plate 11, or all disposed on the side plate 12, or some of the first through holes 111 can be disposed on the base plate 11 and others on the side plate 12. No limitation is made here, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to the application scenario and the position of the explosion-proof valve 21. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in vehicle applications, the battery pack 100 is typically located at the bottom of the vehicle. When the explosion-proof valve 21 of the individual battery 2 is located at its bottom, i.e., on the side of the individual battery 2 closest to the base plate 11, by setting multiple first through holes 111 on the base plate 11, the explosion-proof valve 21 and the first through holes 111 can be positioned relative to each other. This allows emissions from the explosion-proof valve 21 to be directly discharged into the external environment through the first through holes 111. This not only reduces the possibility of emissions spreading within the containment cavity 15 and prevents thermal runaway from occurring in other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, but also reduces the impact of emissions on other vehicle components. Furthermore, the shape of the opening of the first through hole 111 can be, but is not limited to, rectangular, circular, polygonal, or other shapes, which can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0051] In specific applications, the housing 1 also includes a top cover 13, which is disposed on the side of the side plate 12 opposite to the bottom plate 11. The top cover 13, the side plate 12, and the bottom plate 11 enclose a closed space, thereby enabling the installation and protection of the single battery cell 2. Furthermore, the housing 1 also includes multiple partitions 14, which are disposed within the housing 1 and at least partially connected to the side plate 12 and the bottom plate 11, thereby dividing the internal space of the housing 1 into multiple independent receiving cavities 15. It should be noted that the number of partitions 14 is not limited in this application embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, four partitions 14 are provided, arranged in a cross shape, thereby dividing the internal space of the housing 1 into four independent receiving cavities 15. Further, four first through holes 111 can be provided, all four through holes being disposed on the bottom plate 11, and each through hole correspondingly communicating with one receiving cavity 15.

[0052] Furthermore, the number of individual battery cells 2 provided in each receiving cavity 15 is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In one embodiment, each receiving cavity 15 is provided with one individual battery cell 2, and the explosion-proof valve 21 of the individual battery cell 2 is arranged opposite to the first through hole 111, that is, the explosion-proof valve 21 of the individual battery cell 2 is located within the opening range of the first through hole 111. In another embodiment, each receiving cavity 15 is provided with multiple individual battery cells 2, and the explosion-proof valves 21 of all individual battery cells 2 are arranged opposite to the first through hole 111, that is, the explosion-proof valves 21 of all individual battery cells 2 are located within the opening range of the first through hole 111.

[0053] In practical applications, such as Figure 3 As shown, the single cell 2 also includes two terminals 22, both of which are located on the side of the single cell 2 away from the base plate 11. The battery pack 100 also includes a plurality of first connecting pieces 5, each of which is located between two adjacent single cells 2 and both ends of the first connecting piece 5 are welded to one of the terminals 22 of the two adjacent single cells 2, thereby connecting the plurality of single cells 2 end to end to form a battery unit.

[0054] For a battery pack 100 with multiple battery cells, the battery pack 100 also includes multiple second connecting pieces 6 and adapter pieces 7. In two adjacent battery cells, one terminal 22 of the single cell 2 located at the tail end is welded to one second connecting piece 6, and the other terminal 22 of the single cell 2 located at the head end is welded to one second connecting piece 6. The two ends of an adapter piece 7 are detachably connected to two second connecting pieces 6 respectively, thereby achieving electrical connection between adjacent battery cells. Furthermore, the two ends of an adapter piece 7 are connected to two second connecting pieces 6 respectively via bolts 8. Thus, since the adapter piece 7 and the second connecting pieces 6 are connected by bolts 8, if one battery cell experiences thermal runaway leading to its failure, the bolts 8 can be removed to disconnect the adapter piece 7 from the second connecting pieces 6, facilitating repair or replacement of the battery cell. This reduces the maintenance cost of the battery pack 100 and improves maintenance convenience.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first through hole 111 is provided on the base plate 11; the battery pack 100 also includes: a liquid cooling plate 4, which is provided between the base plate 11 and the single battery 2, and the liquid cooling plate 4 is provided with a second through hole 41, which is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 21 and the first through hole 111.

[0056] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 4, positioned between the base plate 11 and the individual battery cell 2, facilitates heat dissipation for the individual battery cell 2, thereby improving the reliability of the battery pack 100. Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate 4 has a second through-hole 41. When the second through-hole 41 is positioned opposite the explosion-proof valve 21 and the first through-hole 111, emissions from the explosion-proof valve 21 can be discharged to the external environment in a timely manner via the second through-hole 41 and the first through-hole 111. This allows emissions to be discharged along the shortest path, further reducing the possibility of diffusion of emissions within the containment cavity 15 and preventing thermal runaway in other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, thus further improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the second through hole 41 being opposite to the explosion-proof valve 21 means that at least a portion of the explosion-proof valve 21 in a battery cell is located within the opening range of the second through hole 41. Similarly, in this embodiment, the second through hole 41 being opposite to the first through hole 111 means that the second through hole 41 is located within the opening range of the first through hole 111. Furthermore, this embodiment does not limit the number of second through holes 41; those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In one embodiment, for each receiving cavity 15 with two rows of individual battery cells 2, the liquid cooling plate 4 can have two second through holes 41, with one second through hole 41 opposite to the explosion-proof valve 21 of one row of individual battery cells 2. This reduces the opening area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 4, increasing the heat exchange area between the liquid cooling plate 4 and the battery cell, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell and the battery pack 100.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the shielding assembly 3 includes: a cover plate 31, which is used to cover the first through hole 111. The cover plate 31 has a first direction X and a second direction Y that are perpendicular to each other. The cover plate 31 includes a first connecting part 311 and a second connecting part 312 that are disposed opposite to each other along the first direction X. The first connecting part 311 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and the second connecting part 312 is snapped into the housing 1.

[0059] In this embodiment, the cover plate 31 is provided with a first connecting part 311 and a second connecting part 312. The first connecting part 311 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and the second connecting part 312 is snapped into the housing 1. Thus, when the battery cell does not experience thermal runaway, the reliable snapping of the second connecting part 312 into the housing 1 allows the cover plate 31 to reliably seal the first through hole 111, preventing foreign matter from entering the battery pack 100 and improving the overall sealing performance of the battery pack 100. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the impact of the emitted material causes the second connecting part 312 to release from the housing 1, and the first connecting part 311 to rotate relative to the housing 1. This releases the cover plate 31 from the first through hole 111, allowing the emitted material to be promptly discharged into the external environment through the first through hole 111. This effectively reduces the possibility of the emitted material spreading within the containment cavity 15, thereby preventing other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway from developing thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0060] It should be noted that in the accompanying drawings, the first direction X refers to the width direction of the cover plate 31, which is also the width direction of the battery pack 100; the second direction Y refers to the length direction of the cover plate 31, which is also the length direction of the battery pack 100; and the third direction Z refers to the thickness direction of the cover plate 31 when it covers the first through hole 111, which is also the height direction of the battery pack 100. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are all perpendicular to each other. Furthermore, the shape of the cover plate 31 is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It is understood that the shape of the cover plate 31 should be the same as the shape of the first through hole 111 so that they can better fit together. In one embodiment, when the opening shape of the first through hole 111 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the cover plate 31 perpendicular to the third direction Z is also rectangular, so that the cover plate 31 and the first through hole 111 can better fit together.

[0061] In practical applications, to improve the structural strength of the bottom of the battery pack 100, the bottom plate 11 and cover plate 31 of the housing 1 can be made of high-strength composite materials. These high-strength composite materials include, but are not limited to, PCM composite materials and RTM composite materials. It should be noted that PCM composite materials refer to high-strength composite materials manufactured using prepreg compression molding (PCM) technology; RTM composite materials refer to high-strength composite materials manufactured using resin transfer molding (RTM) technology.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the first through hole 111 has: a first stepped hole 1111 and a second stepped hole 1112 connected to each other. The opening size of the first stepped hole 1111 is larger than the opening size of the second stepped hole 1112. The second stepped hole 1112 connects the first stepped hole 1111 and the receiving cavity 15. The first stepped hole 1111 has a hole wall 11111. At least a portion of the cover plate 31 is embedded in the first stepped hole 1111, and the first connecting part 311 is rotatably connected to the hole wall 11111. The second connecting part 312 is engaged with the hole wall 11111. The opening shapes of the first stepped hole 1111 and the second stepped hole 1112 can be the same to reduce the processing difficulty of the first through hole 111.

[0063] In this embodiment, a first stepped hole 1111 and a second stepped hole 1112 are provided, and the opening size of the first stepped hole 1111 is larger than that of the second stepped hole 1112. Thus, by embedding at least a portion of the cover plate 31 into the first stepped hole 1111, not only can the second stepped hole 1112 be reliably sealed, but the protrusion height of the cover plate 31 relative to the outer surface of the housing 1 can also be reduced. For the battery pack 100 located at the bottom of the vehicle, during vehicle operation, when the cover plate 31 is at least partially embedded in the first stepped hole 1111, there is sufficient distance between the cover plate 31 and the ground, thereby reducing the risk of the cover plate 31 causing sealing failure of the battery pack 100 due to impact. It is understandable that when the lower surface of the cover plate 31 is flush with the lower surface of the housing 1, it can not only improve the surface flatness of the battery pack 100 and reduce the risk of the cover plate 31 being bumped, thereby improving the sealing performance of the battery pack 100; but also reduce the space occupied by the cover plate 31 inside the housing 1, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack 100.

[0064] Furthermore, since the first connecting part 311 is rotatably connected to the hole wall 11111 and the second connecting part 312 is engaged with the hole wall 11111, that is, the first connecting part 311 and the second connecting part 312 of the cover plate 31 are directly connected to the hole wall 11111 of the first stepped hole 1111, thereby simplifying the structure of the covering assembly and the first through hole 111, which is beneficial to reducing the overall processing difficulty and processing cost of the battery pack 100.

[0065] It should be noted that, taking the first stepped hole 1111 as an example, when the opening shape of the first stepped hole 1111 is rectangular, the opening size refers to the length and width of the first stepped hole 1111; when the opening shape of the first stepped hole 1111 is circular, the opening size refers to the diameter of the first stepped hole 1111. And so on, without further examples. Similarly, the second stepped hole 1112 is described in the same way, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0066] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the hole wall 11111 includes two first hole walls 111111 disposed opposite each other along the second direction Y; the first connecting part 311 is provided with a first mounting hole 3111 extending along the second direction Y; the shielding assembly 3 further includes: a first rotating shaft 32, the first rotating shaft 32 passing through the first mounting hole 3111 along the second direction Y, and both ends of the first rotating shaft 32 being connected to the corresponding first hole wall 111111. Specifically, both ends of the first rotating shaft 32 can be fixedly connected to the first hole wall 111111, and there is a gap between the first rotating shaft 32 and the first mounting hole 3111, so that the first connecting part 311 can rotate relative to the first rotating shaft 32.

[0067] In this embodiment, a first rotating shaft 32 is provided, which is inserted through the first mounting hole 3111 and connected at both ends to the corresponding first hole wall 111111. Thus, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, under the impact of the emitted material, the cover plate 31 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 32 in a direction away from the receiving cavity 15. This allows the emitted material to be discharged into the external environment in a timely manner through the second stepped hole 1112 and the first stepped hole 1111, effectively reducing the possibility of the emitted material spreading within the receiving cavity 15. This prevents other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway from developing thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0068] Furthermore, this rotating shaft structure is simple and reliable, which not only simplifies the structure of the shielding component 3 and the first through hole 111, thereby reducing the overall processing difficulty and cost of the battery pack 100, but also reduces the movement resistance of the cover plate 31, so that the impact force of the emission is converted into the rotational power of the cover plate 31 with almost no loss, achieving "zero-delay" emission, further reducing the possibility of emission diffusion in the receiving cavity 15, and helping to further improve the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0069] In some optional embodiments of this application, one of the second connecting portion 312 and the hole wall 11111 is provided with a slot 111113, and the other is provided with a locking block 3121, which engages with the slot 111113. Specifically, the hole wall 11111 includes two second hole walls 111112 disposed opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the locking block 3121 or the slot 111113 is disposed on the second hole wall 111112 near the second connecting portion 312.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the battery cell does not experience thermal runaway, the reliable engagement of the locking block 3121 with the locking slot 111113 can resist external forces (such as vibrations during vehicle operation) during the use of the battery pack 100, preventing the cover 31 from opening accidentally. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the locking block 3121 disengages from the locking slot 111113 under the impact of the emissions, allowing for instantaneous emission of the emissions. Furthermore, this locking structure is simple and reliable, simplifying the structure of the shielding component 3 and the first through hole 111, thereby reducing the overall processing difficulty and cost of the battery pack 100.

[0071] It is understandable that, in the case of a snap-fit ​​structure, the external force required to release the snap-fit ​​structure should be at least less than the impact force generated by the emissions when the explosion-proof valve 21 is actuated. This way, even if only one cell 2 in a battery unit experiences thermal runaway, the cover 31 can still be opened smoothly. It should be noted that this application embodiment does not limit the external force required to release the snap-fit ​​structure, nor the number of snap-fit ​​structures. Those skilled in the art can adjust these parameters based on factors such as the impact force generated by the emissions when the explosion-proof valve 21 is actuated and the vibrations during vehicle operation.

[0072] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings of this application only show the case where the card block 3121 is disposed on the second connecting part 312 and the card slot 111113 is disposed on the hole wall 11111. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can also dispose of the card block 3121 on the hole wall 11111 and the card slot 111113 on the second connecting part 312. This is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. It is understood that when multiple card blocks 3121 and card slots 111113 are provided, the number of card blocks 3121 and card slots 111113 should be consistent and their positions should correspond. A reliable connection between the second connecting part 312 and the hole wall 11111 can be achieved by connecting the card blocks 3121 and card slots 111113 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0073] In some optional embodiments of this application, the locking block 3121 is disposed on the second connecting portion 312, and the second connecting portion 312 is further provided with an installation cavity having an opening; the shielding assembly 3 also includes a driving member, which is disposed in the installation cavity and connected to the locking block 3121. The driving member is used to drive the locking block 3121 to extend relative to the opening, so that the locking block 3121 engages with the locking slot 111113. Specifically, during the assembly of the battery pack 100, the driving member can drive the locking block 3121 to extend relative to the opening, so that the locking block 3121 engages with the locking slot 111113; during the use of the battery pack 100, when thermal runaway occurs, the driving member can drive the locking block 3121 to retract relative to the opening, so that the locking block 3121 is released from the locking slot 111113.

[0074] In this embodiment, the presence of a driving component, connected to the locking block 3121, enables automatic engagement and disengagement of the locking block 3121 with the slot 111113, thus improving the automation level of the battery pack 100. Furthermore, for the battery pack 100 installed in a vehicle, the driving component can be electrically connected to the vehicle's battery management system (BMS). The BMS primarily monitors and manages the charging and discharging process of the battery, ensuring its safety and performance. Specifically, after the BMS receives a signal indicating thermal runaway of a single cell 2, it can control the driving component to retract the locking block 3121 relative to the opening, disengaging the locking block 3121 from the slot 111113. This allows the cover 31 to open under the impact of emissions and / or the action of the driving component, increasing the success rate of opening the cover 31 during thermal runaway and reducing the possibility of emissions spreading within the containment cavity 15, further enhancing the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the housing 1 also includes a step portion 1113 formed between the first step hole 1111 and the second step hole 1112; the shielding assembly 3 also includes a connecting rod 34, which includes a third connecting portion 341 and a fourth connecting portion 342 disposed opposite to each other; the third connecting portion 341 is slidably connected to the step portion 1113, and the fourth connecting portion 342 is rotatably connected to the cover plate 31.

[0076] In this embodiment, a connecting rod 34 is provided, with its third connecting portion 341 slidably connected to the stepped portion 1113 and its fourth connecting portion 342 rotatably connected to the cover plate 31. Thus, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the cover plate 31 rotates, causing the third connecting portion 341 of the connecting rod 34 to slide relative to the stepped portion 1113. After the third connecting portion 341 slides into position, the connecting rod stops moving. Under the weight of the cover plate 31 and the tension of the connecting rod, the cover plate 31 can remain in a preset open position. In other words, by providing the connecting rod 34, the opening degree of the cover plate 31 can be limited, thereby allowing precise control of the opening degree of the cover plate 31 for directional discharge of pollutants.

[0077] In some optional embodiments of this application, a groove 11131 extending along the first direction X is provided on the side of the stepped portion 1113 near the first through hole 111; a slider 3411 is provided on the third connecting portion 341, and the slider 3411 is slidably connected to the groove 11131. In this way, the sliding connection between the stepped portion 1113 and the third connecting portion 341 can be realized through the sliding engagement of the groove 11131 and the slider 3411. In addition, this sliding structure is simple and reliable, which can simplify the structure of the connecting rod 34 and the stepped portion 1113, thereby reducing the overall processing difficulty and processing cost of the battery pack 100.

[0078] In practical applications, a slider 3411 is provided on each of the two sides of the third connecting part 341 along the second direction Y, thereby forming a roughly cross-shaped structure. Correspondingly, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 11131 perpendicular to the first direction X is roughly cross-shaped to better fit the third connecting part 341 and the slider 3411. It should be noted that the length of the groove 11131 along the first direction X is not limited in this embodiment of the application, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to the required opening degree of the cover plate 31.

[0079] In some optional embodiments of this application, the cover plate 31 is further provided with a second mounting hole 313 extending along the second direction Y; the fourth connecting portion 342 is provided with a connecting hole 3421 extending along the second direction Y; the shielding assembly 3 further includes: a second rotating shaft 33, which passes through the second mounting hole 313 and the connecting hole 3421 along the second direction Y. Specifically, there are gaps between the second rotating shaft 33 and the second mounting hole 313 and the connecting hole 3421, so that the fourth connecting portion 342 can rotate relative to the cover plate 31.

[0080] In this embodiment, the second rotating shaft 33 is provided, which allows the fourth connecting part 342 to rotate on the cover plate 31 by passing the second rotating shaft 33 through the second mounting hole 313 and the connecting hole 3421. Furthermore, this rotating shaft structure is simple and reliable, simplifying the structure of the cover plate 31 and the connecting rod 34, thereby reducing the overall processing difficulty and cost of the battery pack 100.

[0081] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 further includes a stepped portion 1113 formed between the first stepped hole 1111 and the second stepped hole 1112; the shielding assembly 3 further includes a sealing member 35, which is disposed on the side of the cover plate 31 near the first through hole 111, and is used to abut against the stepped portion 1113. Further, the cover plate 31 is provided with a mounting groove 314 extending circumferentially on the side near the receiving cavity 15, and by embedding the sealing member 35 into the mounting groove 314, the sealing member 35 can be reliably fixed.

[0082] In this embodiment, since the cover plate 31 is provided with a sealing element 35, the sealing element 35 abuts against the step portion 1113, and the cover plate 31 and the step portion 1113 can be sealed together, which can prevent foreign objects (such as moisture, dust, etc.) from the external environment from entering the receiving cavity 15, which is beneficial to improving the overall sealing performance of the battery pack 100.

[0083] It should be noted that the material of the sealing member 35 in this application embodiment includes, but is not limited to, silicone. Since silicone is lightweight and has good elasticity, it can not only reduce the overall weight of the shielding component 3, but also improve the sealing performance of the cover plate 31 and the step portion 1113.

[0084] In some alternative embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the shielding assembly 3 also includes an adhesive 36, which is disposed between the sealant 35 and the step portion 1113 and is bonded to the sealant 35 and the step portion 1113 respectively.

[0085] In this embodiment, since an adhesive 36 is provided, the adhesive 36 is bonded to the seal 35 and the step portion 1113 respectively, so that the seal 35 and the step portion 1113 can be tightly combined, thereby eliminating the tiny gap between them, further improving the sealing effect, and helping to further improve the overall sealing performance of the battery pack 100.

[0086] It should be noted that the adhesive 36 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, hot melt adhesive. The hot melt adhesive is liquid when heated and rapidly solidifies upon cooling. Thus, during the assembly of the battery pack 100, after applying adhesive to the corresponding positions of the seal 35 or the step portion 1113, the cover plate 31 is sealed to the second step hole 1112. The hot melt adhesive rapidly solidifies upon cooling, thereby achieving a tight bond between the seal 35 and the step portion 1113. In the event of thermal runaway in the battery cell, since the emitted substances are typically at a high temperature, the hot melt adhesive melts into a liquid state upon heating, thereby reducing the resistance to opening the cover plate 31 and allowing it to open smoothly for timely discharge of the emitted substances.

[0087] In summary, the battery pack provided in this application embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0088] Because multiple independent receiving cavities are provided, multiple independent battery cells can be formed by placing at least one single battery cell in each cavity. Since at least one of the bottom plate and side plates of the housing is provided with multiple first through holes, at least one of which communicates with a receiving cavity, and a shielding component is used to cover one of the first through holes and is movably connected to the housing, the shielding component can cover the first through hole when no battery cell has experienced thermal runaway (i.e., during normal use of the battery pack), thus achieving overall sealing of the battery pack. When one battery cell experiences thermal runaway, i.e., when one or more single cells in one battery cell reach a predetermined threshold due to internal pressure or temperature, causing their explosion-proof valve to actuate, the shielding component can move relative to the housing away from the receiving cavity under the impact of the emitted material. This allows the emitted material to be promptly discharged into the external environment through the first through hole, effectively reducing the possibility of the material spreading within the receiving cavity. This prevents other battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway from developing thermal runaway, thus improving the safety of the battery pack. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, this application eliminates the exhaust channel, thereby saving internal space in the battery pack and improving the energy density of the battery pack.

[0089] This application also provides an electrical device, including the battery pack 100 of any of the above embodiments.

[0090] In this embodiment, since the battery pack 100 is equipped with a shielding component, during normal use of the battery pack 100, the shielding component can cover the first through hole 111, achieving overall sealing of the battery pack 100. In the event of thermal runaway in one of the battery cells, the shielding component 3 can release the seal on the first through hole 111, allowing emissions to be promptly discharged from the first through hole 111 into the external environment. This effectively reduces the possibility of emissions spreading within the containment cavity 15, thereby preventing thermal runaway in other battery cells that have not yet occurred, and improving the safety of the battery pack 100 and the electrical equipment.

[0091] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the structure of the battery pack 100 is the same as that of the battery pack 100 in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here. The electrical equipment in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, ferries, computers, aircraft, energy storage devices or other equipment, and is not limited here. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The enclosure consists of multiple individual batteries and multiple shielding components; The box body is provided with multiple independent receiving cavities. The box body includes a bottom plate and a side plate extending circumferentially along the bottom plate. At least one of the bottom plate and the side plate is provided with multiple first through holes, and at least one of the first through holes communicates with one of the receiving cavities. At least one of the single cells is disposed in one of the receiving cavities, and the single cell is provided with an explosion-proof valve, which is disposed opposite to the first through hole. The explosion-proof valve is used to actuate when the internal pressure or temperature of the single cell reaches a predetermined threshold to discharge the emissions inside the single cell. One of the shielding components is used to cover one of the first through holes and is movably connected to the housing. The shielding component is configured to move relative to the housing away from the containment cavity when the explosion-proof valve is actuated, so as to discharge the emissions in the containment cavity.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding assembly includes: a cover plate for covering the first through hole, the cover plate having a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other; The cover plate includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part that are disposed opposite to each other along the first direction. The first connecting part is rotatably connected to the box body, and the second connecting part is snapped into the box body.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first through hole has: a first stepped hole and a second stepped hole that are connected to each other, the opening size of the first stepped hole is larger than the opening size of the second stepped hole, the second stepped hole connects the first stepped hole and the receiving cavity, and the first stepped hole has a hole wall; At least a portion of the cover plate is embedded in the first stepped hole, and the first connecting portion is rotatably connected to the hole wall, while the second connecting portion is engaged with the hole wall.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hole wall includes two first hole walls disposed opposite each other along the second direction; The first connecting portion is provided with a first mounting hole extending along the second direction; The shielding component further includes: a first rotating shaft, which passes through the first mounting hole along the second direction, and both ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively connected to the corresponding first hole wall.

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second connecting part and the hole wall are provided with a slot, and the other part is provided with a block, which engages with the slot.

6. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing further includes a stepped portion formed between the first stepped hole and the second stepped hole; The shielding assembly further includes a connecting rod, the connecting rod comprising a third connecting portion and a fourth connecting portion disposed opposite to each other; The third connecting part is slidably connected to the step part, and the fourth connecting part is rotatably connected to the cover plate.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stepped portion is provided with a sliding groove extending in the first direction on the side near the first through hole. The third connecting part is provided with a slider, which is slidably connected to the groove.

8. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cover plate is also provided with a second mounting hole extending along the second direction; The fourth connecting part is provided with a connecting hole extending along the second direction; The shielding assembly further includes a second rotating shaft, which passes through the second mounting hole and the connecting hole along the second direction.

9. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing further includes a stepped portion formed between the first stepped hole and the second stepped hole; The shielding assembly further includes a seal, which is disposed on the side of the cover plate near the first through hole, and is used to abut against the stepped portion.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The shielding assembly further includes an adhesive component, which is disposed between the seal and the step portion and is respectively bonded to the seal and the step portion.

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first through hole is provided in the base plate; The battery pack further includes a liquid cooling plate disposed between the base plate and the individual battery cell. The liquid cooling plate has a second through hole, which is positioned opposite to the explosion-proof valve and the first through hole.

12. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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