A supercapacitor energy storage power supply

Abstract

This utility model discloses a supercapacitor energy storage power supply, which includes a housing and multiple supercapacitor modules arranged in a single layer within the housing. The electrical connections of each supercapacitor module are achieved through connectors, with the electrical connections facing upwards. A cover plate is mounted on the top of the housing, hinged to the housing. Opening the cover plate exposes all the electrical connections of the supercapacitor modules. A first air inlet is located at the bottom of the housing, and first air outlets are respectively opened on the four side walls of the housing. A heat exhaust chamber is located in the middle of the housing, with its end extending to the side wall of the housing. A second air outlet is opened on the side wall of the housing corresponding to the heat exhaust chamber, and multiple second air inlets are respectively located on both sides of the heat exhaust chamber. Cooling fans are installed on the first and second air outlets and the second air inlets. This utility model provides efficient heat dissipation and facilitates maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to energy storage rail / trackless vehicles, specifically to a supercapacitor energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] The modules of supercapacitor energy storage power supplies for existing rail and trackless vehicles are arranged in multiple layers inside the enclosure. Due to the compact arrangement of the modules, the uneven cooling airflow field inside the enclosure leads to large temperature differences between the modules. The modules have an open structure, and the modules are connected by copper busbars, resulting in long assembly and maintenance time. The module mounting beams inside the enclosure are made of square tubes, which have a wide cross-section and low space utilization. In the event of a fuse failure, it is necessary to manually connect the emergency discharge column at the front end of the fuse and the ground-based mobile discharge device to discharge the energy storage power supply, which poses certain safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that, in view of the shortcomings of existing supercapacitor energy storage power supplies with multi-layer internal module arrangement, poor heat dissipation effect and inconvenient inspection and maintenance, this utility model provides a supercapacitor energy storage power supply that can provide efficient heat dissipation and is easy to inspect and maintain.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A supercapacitor energy storage power supply includes a housing and multiple supercapacitor modules arranged inside the housing, characterized by the following structural features:

[0006] Each of the supercapacitor modules is laid out in a single layer inside the housing. The electrical connection of each supercapacitor module is achieved through a connector, and the electrical connection of each supercapacitor module is facing upwards. A cover plate is provided on the top of the housing, and the housing is hinged to the cover plate. When the cover plate is opened, all the electrical connections of each supercapacitor module are exposed.

[0007] The bottom of the housing is provided with a first air inlet, and the four sides of the housing are respectively provided with first air outlets. The middle part of the housing is provided with a heat exhaust air chamber, the end of which extends to the side wall of the housing. The side wall of the housing is provided with a second air outlet corresponding to the heat exhaust air chamber. Multiple second air inlets are provided on both sides of the heat exhaust air chamber. Cooling fans are installed on the first air outlet, the second air outlet and the second air inlet respectively.

[0008] A further improvement to the above scheme is that multiple sets of module mounting beams are arranged in parallel inside the box, and the supercapacitor modules are sequentially installed on the module mounting beams.

[0009] A further improvement to the above scheme is that the module mounting beam includes a threaded hole plate at the top, a C-shaped reinforcing plate below the threaded hole plate, and an inclined support below the C-shaped reinforcing plate.

[0010] A further improvement to the above solution is that a cover plate mounting beam is installed in the middle of the top of the enclosure, and the cover plates are hinged to both sides of the cover plate mounting beam. A gas spring support rod is installed between the cover plates and the enclosure. In this way, the two side covers of the enclosure can be opened back-to-back to 90° simultaneously, facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the supercapacitor module and related electrical components inside the enclosure.

[0011] A further improvement to the above solution is that an air intake grille is installed on the first air inlet, and the density of the air intake grille is arranged according to the distance between the adjacent supercapacitor modules and the first air outlet and / or the second air inlet.

[0012] A further improvement to the above scheme is that it also includes a first device assembly, which includes a first device assembly board with two layers. The upper layer is arranged with a positive fuse and a current sensor, and the lower layer is arranged with a negative fuse. The empty area on the first device assembly board is arranged with a voltage sensor, a control circuit connector and a terminal block. The upper layer of the first device assembly board is arranged with a positive output copper busbar and a negative output copper busbar, which serve as the output terminals of the first device assembly.

[0013] A further improvement to the above solution is that an emergency discharge device is installed on the outer side of the enclosure. This emergency discharge device includes a plug and a socket. The positive and negative terminals of the socket are the front ends of a positive and a negative fuse, respectively. The plug is used to connect to a ground-based discharge device. Thus, designing the emergency discharge device as a connector improves safety during emergency discharge.

[0014] A further improvement to the above solution is that it also includes a second device assembly, which includes a second device assembly board designed as a double-layer structure, with the main control unit, terminal block, control connector and filter arranged on the upper layer, and the power module arranged on the lower layer.

[0015] A further improvement to the above solution is the inclusion of a mobile ground communication device. This device is mounted on the outer side of the enclosure and equipped with an antenna, and it communicates with the main control unit. Thus, mobile ground communication can be achieved through the mobile ground communication device, allowing for remote, real-time monitoring of the operating status of the supercapacitor module within the energy storage power supply.

[0016] A further improvement to the above solution is that temperature sensors are installed in partitions within the enclosure. These temperature sensors are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit automatically controls the start and stop of all cooling fans based on the real-time temperature of the supercapacitor modules in each partition. This effectively ensures the temperature consistency of the individual supercapacitor modules within the enclosure and effectively improves the lifespan of the energy storage power supply.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1) The supercapacitor module of this utility model adopts a fully enclosed single-layer arrangement of supercapacitors. The electrical connection between modules is designed as a connector. All electrical connections of the module face outward, and visual inspection can be carried out immediately upon opening the box. This effectively solves the problem of difficult maintenance and repair of energy storage power supply with open multi-layer supercapacitor module arrangement, and improves the reliability and safety of energy storage power supply.

[0019] 2) The present invention uses a structure consisting of a convex arc-shaped threaded hole plate, a C-shaped reinforcing plate, and an oblique support stacked together for module installation and fixation, which solves the problem of supercapacitor module arrangement in a limited space.

[0020] 3) The start and stop of all the cooling fans of this utility model can be automatically controlled by the main control unit according to the real-time temperature of the detected module, which can effectively ensure the temperature consistency of the supercapacitor module inside the box and effectively improve the life of the energy storage power supply.

[0021] 4) The cover of this utility model adopts a back-to-back design, and the cover switch adopts a gas spring support rod. Both covers can be opened to 90° at the same time, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of modules and components in the system.

[0022] 5) This utility model sets the emergency discharge device separately outside the box and uses a connector, which improves the safety during emergency discharge.

[0023] 6) The mobile ground communication device of this utility model is designed with a 4G antenna, which can realize mobile ground communication and remotely monitor the operating status of the energy storage power supply in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the energy storage power supply of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a top view of the energy storage power supply of this utility model without the cover plate.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the energy storage power supply box of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the box structure of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the box body of this utility model without the cover plate.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A-A sectional view.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 4 B-B sectional view.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 5 C-C section view.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the box with its cover open.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a front view of the assembly of the first device.

[0035] Figure 11 A top view of the assembly of the first device.

[0036] Figure 12 The main view of the assembly of the second device.

[0037] Figure 13 Top view of the assembly of the second device.

[0038] In the diagram: 1 represents the housing, 2 represents the supercapacitor module, 3 represents the first component assembly, 4 represents the second component assembly, 5 represents the emergency discharge device, 6 represents the mobile ground communication device, and 21 represents the module electrical connection.

[0039] 10 represents the cover plate, 11 represents the module mounting beam, 12 represents the C-shaped reinforcing plate, 13 represents the diagonal support, 14 represents the air inlet grille, 15 represents the cover plate mounting beam, 16 represents the gas spring support rod, 17 represents the cooling fan, 18 represents the independent air duct, 19 represents the louver, and 20 represents the threaded perforated plate.

[0040] 31 represents the first component assembly board, 32 represents the positive fuse, 33 represents the current sensor, 34 represents the voltage sensor, 35 represents the control circuit connector, 36 represents the positive output copper busbar, 37 represents the negative output copper busbar, 38 represents the terminal block, and 39 represents the negative fuse.

[0041] 41 represents the second device assembly board, 42 represents the main control unit, 43 represents the terminal block, 44 represents the control connector, 45 represents the filter, and 46 represents the power module. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 An embodiment of the energy storage device of this utility model includes a housing 1, a supercapacitor module 2, a first device assembly 3, a second device assembly 4, an emergency discharge device 5, and a mobile ground communication device 6.

[0046] The supercapacitor module 2 adopts a fully enclosed structure. The electrical connections 21 between the supercapacitor modules 2 are designed as connectors (i.e., connectors are designed on the supercapacitor module 2 to achieve electrical connections, and the connectors of different supercapacitor modules 2 are connected by plugging in connectors to form electrical connections), making assembly convenient and quick. All electrical connections 21 of the supercapacitor module 2 are arranged facing the upper part of the housing 1. Thus, by opening the cover 10 on the housing 1, all supercapacitor modules 2 and their main circuit electrical connections 21 can be visually inspected, effectively improving maintenance safety and efficiency.

[0047] Please see Figure 3 - Figure 9A cover plate 10 is hinged to the top of the housing 1, and multiple supercapacitor modules 2 are arranged in a single layer inside the housing 1. In this embodiment, a cover plate mounting beam 15 is installed in the middle of the housing 1, and a cover plate 10 is hinged to each side of the cover plate mounting beam 15. A gas spring support rod 16 is installed between the housing 1 and the cover plate 10. By controlling the extension and retraction of the gas spring support rod 16, the two cover plates 10 can be opened simultaneously to more than 90°. Obviously, the form of the cover plate 10 of this utility model is not limited to this. For example, a single cover plate can also be hinged to one side of the top of the housing 1.

[0048] The internal structure of the enclosure 1 is symmetrically designed. Multiple sets of module mounting beams 11 are arranged parallel to the cover mounting beam 15 within the enclosure 1. The module mounting beams 11 are designed as a superimposed structure of a convex arc-shaped threaded hole plate 20, a C-shaped reinforcing plate 12, and a diagonal support 13. This type of module mounting beam 11 not only effectively fixes the supercapacitor module 2 onto the module mounting beams 11, but also allows for customization of the threaded hole plate 19 according to the installation requirements of the supercapacitor module 2, saves space as much as possible with the C-shaped reinforcing plate 12, and allows for flexible placement of the diagonal support 13. Therefore, the use of the module mounting beams 11 maximizes the utilization of the internal space of the enclosure 1, while minimizing the overall dimensions of the enclosure 1.

[0049] The lifespan of a supercapacitor is halved for every 10°C increase in temperature. To ensure the lifespan of the supercapacitor module 2 within the energy storage power supply and the temperature uniformity between modules: the bottom plate of the housing 1 of this utility model is designed as an open first air inlet, with an air inlet grille 14 arranged on the first air inlet. The density of the air inlet grille 14 is arranged according to the distance between the supercapacitor module 2 and the air outlet, generally becoming sparser the farther away, to provide a larger air intake. The air outlet of the housing 1 is designed as a heat exhaust chamber 18 with four sides and a center: first air outlets are opened on the four side walls of the housing 1, and a heat exhaust chamber 18 is set in the center of the housing 1. The end of the heat exhaust chamber 18 extends to the side wall of the housing 1, and a second air outlet is opened on the side wall of the housing 1 corresponding to the heat exhaust chamber 18. Multiple second air inlets are set on both sides of the heat exhaust chamber 18. Cooling fans 17 are installed on the first air outlet, the second air outlet, and the second air inlet, respectively. In this embodiment, the heat exhaust air cavity 18 is located below the cover plate mounting beam 15 to facilitate the symmetrical arrangement of the internal structure of the housing 1; the heat dissipation fans 17 arranged on the four side walls of the housing 1 can be disassembled from the outside of the housing 1, effectively improving the maintenance and replacement efficiency of the heat dissipation fans 17; the energy storage power supply has a 4+1 air outlet cavity design with a total of 12 sets of heat dissipation fans 17, with 2 sets of heat dissipation fans 17 arranged on each side of the housing 1, and 4 sets of heat dissipation fans 17 arranged on the heat exhaust air cavity 18 located below the cover plate mounting beam 15; the ends of the rectangular heat exhaust air cavity are sealed with louvers 19, which can effectively prevent rain, dust and ventilation. Temperature sensors (not shown in the figure) are installed in sections inside the enclosure 1. The start and stop of all cooling fans 17 can be automatically controlled by the main control unit 42 in the second device assembly 4 based on the real-time temperature of the module detected by each temperature sensor. This can effectively ensure the temperature consistency of the individual units inside the enclosure 1, and make the temperature difference between modules less than 6℃ (GB / T 42005.1-2022 Rail Transit Energy Storage Electric Vehicles Part 1: Capacitor Energy Storage Power Supply requires that "the temperature difference between the highest and lowest individual unit temperatures at the same time should not exceed 15℃"). This effectively improves the lifespan of the energy storage power supply.

[0050] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 11 The protection device of the energy storage power supply of this utility model includes a first component assembly 3 and an emergency discharge device 5.

[0051] The first component assembly 3 adopts a modular design to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the supercapacitor module 2 and related components within the system. The first component assembly 3 includes a first component assembly board 31, which is designed as a double-layer structure. The upper layer houses a positive fuse 32 and a current sensor 33, while the lower layer houses a negative fuse 39. Components on the first component assembly board 31 are connected by copper busbars, which are fixed and supported by insulators. A voltage sensor 34, a control circuit connector 35, and a terminal block 38 are arranged in the empty areas within the first component assembly board 31. The output terminals of the first component assembly 3 are designed with a positive output copper busbar 36 and a negative output copper busbar 37, both led out to the upper layer of the first component assembly board 31 for convenient connection to the vehicle's output and voltage detection.

[0052] The emergency discharge device 5 is designed on the side of the energy storage power supply enclosure 1. This emergency discharge device 5 uses a connector, including a plug and a socket. The positive and negative terminals of the socket are connected to the front ends of the positive and negative fuses, respectively. The plug is used to connect to a ground discharge device. When the positive fuse 32 and / or the negative fuse 39 burns out due to a fault, it is not necessary to open the enclosure 1. The positive and negative terminals of the ground discharge device can be directly connected to the connector plug of the emergency discharge device 5 for emergency ground discharge. The energy storage power supply voltage can be discharged to 0V before opening the enclosure to inspect the internal modules and components. This emergency discharge device 5 design improves the reliability of the energy storage power supply and ensures its discharge safety.

[0053] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 13 The energy storage power supply control and communication device of this utility model includes a second device assembly 4 and a mobile ground communication device 6.

[0054] The second device assembly 4 adopts a modular design, which includes a double-layered second device assembly board 41. The upper layer of the second device assembly board 41 is arranged with a main control unit 42, terminal block 43, control connector 44, and filter 45, while the lower layer is arranged with a power module 46. The electrical components of the upper and lower layers can effectively provide power for energy storage power control and signal acquisition and communication between modules.

[0055] The mobile ground communication device 6 is installed on the outer side of the housing 1. This mobile ground communication device 6 communicates with the main control unit 42 and can remotely view the voltage, current, temperature and other data of all supercapacitor modules 2 in the energy storage power supply in real time. It can also monitor whether there are expected faults in each module in the energy storage system in real time, and promptly detect the module data after the vehicle enters the warehouse, effectively avoiding uncontrollable faults in the energy storage system (such as burnout and fire).

[0056] In practical application, a fully enclosed supercapacitor module 2 is selected based on the capacity requirements of the energy storage device for rail transit vehicles. The electrical connection 21 between the supercapacitor modules 2 is designed as a connector. Then, the number of supercapacitor modules 2 is determined according to the voltage level and power requirements of the energy storage power supply. Next, the protection system components and control and communication devices of the energy storage power supply are configured, including a first component assembly 3 and a second component assembly 4. The supercapacitor module 2 is fixed using a structure of superimposed convex arc-shaped threaded hole plate 20 + C-shaped reinforcing plate 12 + diagonal support 13 as described in this invention. At this time, the housing 1 of the energy storage device can be determined to the minimum size (length, width, and height) according to the space requirements of the above components. In use, the exhaust air from the vehicle's air conditioning system can be used as the air intake to save costs and simplify the configuration.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of this utility model, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of this utility model should fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A supercapacitor energy storage power supply, comprising a housing and multiple supercapacitor modules arranged within the housing, characterized in that: Each of the supercapacitor modules is laid out in a single layer inside the housing. The electrical connection of each supercapacitor module is achieved through a connector, and the electrical connection of each supercapacitor module is facing upwards. A cover plate is provided on the top of the housing, and the housing is hinged to the cover plate. When the cover plate is opened, all the electrical connections of each supercapacitor module are exposed. The bottom of the housing is provided with a first air inlet, and the four sides of the housing are respectively provided with first air outlets. The middle part of the housing is provided with a heat exhaust air chamber, the end of which extends to the side wall of the housing. The side wall of the housing is provided with a second air outlet corresponding to the heat exhaust air chamber. Multiple second air inlets are provided on both sides of the heat exhaust air chamber. Cooling fans are installed on the first air outlet, the second air outlet and the second air inlet respectively.

2. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of module mounting beams are arranged in parallel inside the box, and the supercapacitor modules are sequentially installed on the module mounting beams.

3. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The module mounting beam includes a threaded perforated plate at the top, a C-shaped reinforcing plate below the threaded perforated plate, and an inclined support below the C-shaped reinforcing plate.

4. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cover plate mounting beam is installed at the top center of the box body, and the cover plate is hinged to both sides of the cover plate mounting beam. A gas spring support rod is installed between the cover plate and the box body.

5. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air intake grille is installed on the first air inlet, and the density of the air intake grille is arranged according to the distance of the adjacent supercapacitor modules from the first air outlet and / or the second air inlet.

6. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first device assembly, which includes a first device assembly board with two layers. The upper layer is arranged with a positive fuse and a current sensor, and the lower layer is arranged with a negative fuse. The empty area on the first device assembly board is arranged with a voltage sensor, a control circuit connector and a terminal block. The upper layer of the first device assembly board is arranged with a positive output copper busbar and a negative output copper busbar, which serve as the output terminals of the first device assembly.

7. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, An emergency discharge device is installed on the side of the enclosure. The emergency discharge device includes a plug end and a socket end. The positive and negative terminals of the socket end are the front ends of the positive and negative fuses. The plug end is used to connect to a ground discharge device.

8. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second device assembly, which includes a second device assembly board designed with a two-layer structure, with the main control unit, terminal block, control connector and filter arranged on the upper layer, and the power module arranged on the lower layer.

9. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a mobile ground communication device, which is located on the outer side of the enclosure and equipped with an antenna, and the mobile ground communication device communicates with the main control unit.

10. The supercapacitor energy storage power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, Temperature sensors are installed in partitions within the enclosure. These temperature sensors are connected to the main control unit, which automatically controls the start and stop of all cooling fans based on the real-time temperature of the supercapacitor modules in each partition.

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