Gun-type stent for assisting percutaneous cannulated screw implantation

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gun type support of auxiliary percutaneous hollow screw implantation, which comprises: a side support, an insertion hole area and a side sticking area distributed in upper and lower directions; a plurality of guide needle insertion holes are arranged in the insertion hole area; a top support, which is provided with two developing needle insertion holes, the two developing needle insertion holes are respectively located on the left and right sides of the top support; the developing needle insertion holes and the guide needle insertion holes are parallel to each other; the top end of the side support is connected with one end of the top support, so that the two are in the shape of 7 as a whole; the top of the top support forms a top sticking area; a sticking strip is used to fix the support on the skin outside the femoral neck through the side sticking area of the side support and the top sticking area of the top support. The utility model is simple in comparison with the prior art in establishing the operation of external reference, three guide needles are combined through preliminary fixation and accurate implantation under a C-arm machine, and the three guide needles and hollow screws can be quickly and accurately implanted in the femoral neck.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of guide devices for bone fixation (A61B17 / 90), specifically a gun-shaped support for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation. Background Technology

[0002] The femoral neck is a narrow section that connects the femoral head and the femoral shaft. It plays an important role in transmitting body weight and maintaining lower limb movement, and it bears a large mechanical load, making femoral neck fractures a common orthopedic condition.

[0003] The preferred treatment for femoral neck fractures is cannulated screw fixation. Three cannulated screws are inserted from below, anterosuperior, and posterosuperior directions on the femoral neck, respectively. The three cannulated screws should be as parallel as possible and arranged in an inverted triangle to counteract shear and rotational forces and maintain stability and prevent deformation of the fracture site. However, the traditional implantation process requires repeated X-ray exposure to verify the accuracy of the screw placement.

[0004] To improve the accuracy of hollow screw implantation, Chinese patent document CN110693601A discloses a three-hollow screw implantation guide device for femoral neck fracture surgery, which has three sets of circular holes on the guide plate. Based on the results of preoperative X-ray measurements, the first hollow screw guide pin is first implanted in one of the circular holes. Then, fluoroscopy is performed, and the position of the guide plate is adjusted according to the position of the guide pin. After the guide plate is positioned, the second hollow screw guide pin is implanted in the second set of circular holes to fix the guide plate to the skin surface, followed by the implantation of the third hollow screw guide pin. Finally, three hollow screws are implanted according to the positions of the three hollow screw guide pins.

[0005] The shortcomings of this scheme are: (1) When the first hollow screw guide is inserted, the surgeon's experience is required. Otherwise, a lot of time and effort will be spent on adjustment under X-ray fluoroscopy; (2) When the guide is inserted under non-X-ray fluoroscopy, the probability of deviation is extremely high; (3) The guide plate is inconvenient to adjust and fix; (4) To make the three hollow screws parallel, the surgeon also needs to have high surgical skills.

[0006] To address this, Chinese patent document CN110432970A discloses a femoral neck Kirschner wire positioning and adjustment system, which has three honeycomb sleeves. Each honeycomb sleeve contains a fine-tuning device. The second, third, and fourth layers of channels on the entry surface of the fine-tuning device are positioned at 3 degrees, 6 degrees, and 9 degrees respectively from the first layer of channels parallel to the longitudinal axis. This system allows for rapid adjustment of the first Kirschner wire to the ideal position using the fine-tuning device, and the adjustment can be quantified. After the first Kirschner wire is positioned satisfactorily, the honeycomb sleeves are installed, ensuring that the three Kirschner wires are completely parallel and close to the femoral neck cortical bone. Its drawback is that both processing and use are relatively cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gun-shaped support for percutaneous hollow screw implantation. For the treatment of femoral neck fractures, it can freely establish a reference system for convenient guide pin implantation, thereby enabling rapid and accurate parallel implantation of the guide pin and the corresponding hollow screw.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0009] Gun-shaped stents for assisting percutaneous cannulated screw implantation, including

[0010] The side bracket includes an upper and lower distributed insertion hole area and a side pasting area; the insertion hole area has several guide pin insertion holes evenly arranged horizontally and vertically, the guide pin insertion holes are parallel to each other and their depth is not less than 10mm;

[0011] The top support has two developing needle insertion holes, which are located on the left and right sides of the top support respectively. The two developing needle insertion holes are parallel to each other and their depth is not less than 10mm. The developing needle insertion holes and the guide needle insertion holes are parallel to each other. The top of the side support is connected to one end of the top support, so that the two are in a figure-7 shape. The top of the top support forms the top pasting area.

[0012] Adhesive strips, in several quantities, are used to fix the bracket to the skin outside the femoral neck through the side adhesive area of ​​the side bracket and the top adhesive area of ​​the top bracket.

[0013] The inventive concept is to provide an external reference system for guide needle implantation. The mechanism, consisting of a side support and a top support, can be easily fixed to the body surface corresponding to the femoral neck. The contrast-enhancing needle in the top support indicates the orientation of the femoral neck, while the rectangular insertion hole area of ​​the side support provides directional guidance and spacing measurement for guide needle implantation. The procedure is as follows: First, obtain an effective position under C-arm fluoroscopy: Under standard anteroposterior X-ray fluoroscopy, ensure the projection of the contrast-enhancing needle is aligned with the lower side of the femoral neck; under standard lateral X-ray fluoroscopy, ensure the projection of the contrast-enhancing needle is parallel to the axis of the femoral neck, and that the contrast-enhancing needle and the axis of the femoral neck have the same forward tilt angle. Then, fix the gun-shaped support with adhesive strips, placing the contrast-enhancing needle outside the body. Second, guide needle pre-insertion: After preoperative examination and calculation, insert three guide needles into the insertion hole area, allowing the guide needles to penetrate the skin and reach the bone surface. Because the guide needle insertion holes and contrast-enhancing needle insertion holes are parallel and their depth is not less than 10mm, the inserted guide needles remain parallel to the contrast-enhancing needles. The third step is the implantation of guide pins and hollow screws: Under C-arm fluoroscopy, three guide pins are inserted into the femoral neck, and three hollow screws are implanted according to the positions indicated by the three guide pins.

[0014] In the second step, based on preoperative estimates, the surgeon can simultaneously insert three or more guide pins to the surface of the femoral cortex. In the third step, a single fluoroscopy session allows the surgeon to select the three most satisfactory guide pins, achieving a satisfactory alignment and arrangement, thus reducing the number of fluoroscopy sessions and surgical time. Furthermore, because the guide pins are parallel to the contrast-enhancing needles, it is not necessary to drill into the femoral cortex to observe the appropriate insertion point and direction, avoiding unnecessary cortical bone damage and reducing the number of drilling operations in the femoral cortex.

[0015] In practice, orthopedic surgeons generally prefer to place the first guide pin close to the lower part of the femoral neck. Therefore, the top support is equipped with two contrast needle insertion holes on the left and right. The left contrast needle insertion hole is suitable for patients with left femoral neck fractures, and the right contrast needle insertion hole is suitable for patients with right femoral neck fractures, ensuring that the insertion hole area of ​​the side support is aligned with the cross-section of the femoral neck.

[0016] As an improvement, the side support has at least eight guide pin insertion holes arranged both horizontally and vertically, forming a rectangular insertion area. This allows the surgeon to arrange the guide pins into a suitable triangle according to actual needs.

[0017] As an improvement, the diameter of the guide needle insertion hole is 3mm, and the spacing between adjacent guide needle insertion holes is 3mm. This allows the surgeon to estimate the insertion position of the guide needle based on preoperative examination data, ensuring that the guide needle is implanted as close to the edge as possible, i.e., close to the cortical bone of the femoral neck.

[0018] As a further improvement, the two imaging needle insertion holes of the top support are located on the vertical extension lines of the left and right guide needle insertion holes, respectively. Therefore, based on the pre-positioning of the imaging needles, if the first guide needle is implanted in the first column of the insertion hole area, the requirements will generally be met.

[0019] As an improvement, the length of the top support is not less than 150mm and the width is not less than 80mm, so that the top support can be placed relatively stably over the patient's hip joint, which is beneficial to the stability of the support.

[0020] As an improvement, a developing needle, specifically a Kirschner wire, is inserted into the developing needle insertion hole. Using a Kirschner wire as the developing needle facilitates the availability of the material.

[0021] As a further improvement, the adhesive strip consists of an adhesive part and a covering film part. The covering film part is in three pieces, covering the middle and both sides of the adhesive part respectively. In use, the middle covering film part is first removed, and then the adhesive part is attached to the side brackets and the top bracket. After the position is adjusted, the covering films on both sides are removed and attached to the patient's skin to fix the bracket.

[0022] As a deformable design, the adhesive strip consists of an adhesive part and a covering film part, the covering film part being two-piece so that it can be peeled off in stages. In use, one side of the covering film part is first peeled off and attached to the side bracket and top bracket. After the position is adjusted, the other side of the covering film part is peeled off and attached to the patient's skin to fix the bracket.

[0023] In summary, this utility model can conveniently achieve stable fixation of the stent. Compared with Chinese patent document CN110693601A, the operation of establishing an in vitro reference is simpler. By pre-inserting multiple guide pins and accurately selecting implantation under C-arm imaging, three parallel guide pins and hollow screws can be quickly and accurately implanted in the femoral neck, and the X-ray fluoroscopy time is shortened, which is beneficial to the health of patients and doctors. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of two contrast needles corresponding to the left and right femurs respectively.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive strip in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of three guide pins implanted in the femoral neck. The right image is a cross-sectional view of the femoral neck.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive strip in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 10. Side support; 11. Guide pin insertion hole; 12. Guide pin; 20. Top support; 21. Developing pin insertion hole; 22. Developing pin; 30. Adhesive strip; 31. Covering film section; 40. Cutout section. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the gun-shaped support for assisted percutaneous hollow nail implantation described in this application is characterized by comprising three main components: a side support 10, a top support 20, and an adhesive strip 30.

[0034] The side bracket 10 includes an insertion hole area and a side adhesive area distributed vertically. The insertion hole area is located at the top, and a plurality of guide pin insertion holes 11 are evenly arranged horizontally and vertically within the insertion hole area, with no less than 8 guide pin insertion holes 11 arranged horizontally and vertically. In this embodiment, a total of 10 rows and 11 columns of guide pin insertion holes 11 are arranged. Each guide pin insertion hole 11 is parallel to each other and its depth is no less than 10 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the side bracket 10 is 20 mm, and correspondingly, the depth of the guide pin insertion holes 11 is 20 mm. Furthermore, the diameter of the guide pin insertion holes 11 is 3 mm, and the spacing between adjacent guide pin insertion holes 11 is also 3 mm.

[0035] The top support 20 is horizontally positioned, 180mm long, 100mm wide, and 20mm thick. It has two contrast needle insertion holes 21, located on the left and right sides of the top support 20, respectively. The two holes 21 are parallel to each other and have a depth of 180mm. The left contrast needle insertion hole 21 is suitable for patients with left femoral neck fractures, and the right contrast needle insertion hole 21 is suitable for patients with right femoral neck fractures. The principle is explained below. Figure 2 As shown, selective use of the contrast needle insertion hole 21 ensures that the insertion hole area covers the cross-section of the femoral neck. The two contrast needle insertion holes 21 of the top support 20 are located on the vertical extension lines of the left and right guide needle insertion holes 11, respectively, to facilitate distance estimation.

[0036] The top of the side bracket 10 connects to one end of the top bracket 20, forming a figure-7 shape, resembling a gun. The side bracket 10 and the top bracket 20 can be integrally molded from medical-grade plastic. The contrast needle insertion hole 21 on the top bracket 20 is parallel to the guide needle insertion hole 11 on the side bracket 10. That is, the direction of the contrast needle insertion hole 21 initially determines the direction of the subsequent guide needle 12 and hollow screw. To facilitate bracket fixation, a top adhesive area is formed at the top of the top bracket 20.

[0037] The support structure is primarily secured to the human body using adhesive strips 30. A number of adhesive strips 30 can be configured; each strip is for single use, while the support structure can be reused after sterilization. The structure of the adhesive strip 30 is as follows... Figure 3As shown, the adhesive strip 30 consists of an adhesive portion and a covering film portion 31. The covering film portion 31 is in three pieces, covering the middle and both sides of the adhesive portion. In use, take two adhesive strips 30, first remove the middle covering film portion 31, and then attach it to the side adhesive area of ​​the side support 10 and the top adhesive area of ​​the top support 20. Next, insert the contrast needle 22 into the contrast needle insertion hole 21. Under C-arm fluoroscopy, position the contrast needle 22 directly above the lower side of the femoral neck. The contrast needle 22 is a Kirschner wire for easy sample collection. Then, remove the covering film portions 31 on both sides and fix the support to the skin outside the femoral neck, completing the support positioning. At this point, the contrast needle 22 is located... Figure 4 The vertically above the guide needle shown below.

[0038] After the stent is positioned, the C-arm machine is removed. Following preoperative examination and calculations, three or more guide pins 12 are inserted into the insertion port area, allowing the guide pins 12 to penetrate the skin and reach the bone surface. Generally, the lower guide pin penetrates the skin first.

[0039] Next, the C-arm machine was moved above the femoral neck again, and the three guide pins 12 inserted into the skin were sequentially inserted into the femoral neck. The positional relationship between the three guide pins 12 and the femoral neck is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. If multiple guide pins 12 are pre-inserted, the three most suitable ones are selected for implantation under C-arm imaging. Finally, guided by the three guide pins 12, three cannulated screws are implanted to complete the surgery.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that both the side support 10 and the top support 20 are provided with a hollow portion 40. The area of ​​the adhesive strip 30 can be half the area of ​​the adhesive strip 30 in Embodiment 1, providing better flexibility during application. The adhesive strip 30 still consists of an adhesive portion and a covering film portion 31. The covering film portion 31 is in two pieces, allowing it to be peeled off in stages. Before use, one side of the covering film portion 31 is peeled off and then attached to one side of the hollow portion 40. Figure 5 The positional relationship between the side support 10, the top support 20, and the hip joint is also shown.

Claims

1. A gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation, characterized in that, include The side bracket (10) includes an insertion hole area distributed vertically and a side pasting area; several guide pin insertion holes (11) are evenly arranged horizontally and vertically in the insertion hole area, the guide pin insertion holes (11) are parallel to each other and their depth is not less than 10mm. The top bracket (20) has two developing needle insertion holes (21), which are located on the left and right sides of the top bracket (20) respectively. The two developing needle insertion holes (21) are parallel to each other and their depth is not less than 10mm. The developing needle insertion holes (21) and the guide needle insertion holes (11) are parallel to each other. The top of the side bracket (10) is connected to one end of the top bracket (20) so that the two are in a figure-7 shape. The top of the top bracket (20) forms a top pasting area. Adhesive strips (30), in several quantities, are used to fix the bracket to the skin outside the femoral neck through the side adhesive area of ​​the side bracket (10) and the top adhesive area of ​​the top bracket (20).

2. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of guide pin insertion holes (11) arranged horizontally and vertically on the side bracket (10) is not less than 8.

3. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the guide needle insertion hole (11) is 3mm, and the distance between adjacent guide needle insertion holes (11) is 3mm.

4. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two developing needle insertion holes (21) of the top bracket (20) are located on the vertical extension lines of the left and right guide needle insertion holes (11), respectively.

5. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the top support (20) is not less than 150mm and the width is not less than 80mm.

6. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A developing needle (22) is inserted into the developing needle insertion hole (21), and the developing needle (22) is a Kirschner needle.

7. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive strip (30) consists of an adhesive part and a covering film part, with the covering film part being in a three-piece form so that it covers the middle and both sides of the adhesive part respectively.

8. The gun-shaped stent for assisting percutaneous hollow screw implantation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive strip (30) consists of an adhesive part and a covering film part, the covering film part being two pieces that can be peeled off in stages.

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