Movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical processing technical field discloses movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device, including base, frame, cavity workbench and milling spindle. It is equipped with mobile locking assembly and negative pressure positioning system. Mobile locking assembly sets up universal wheel for moving at base bottom, and sets up locking block driven by hydraulic cylinder, the locking block can press down ground and will be rigidly fixed device, realizes the unity of mobility and stability. The cavity workbench of negative pressure positioning system is internally provided with vacuum cavity channel communicated with vacuum pump, and the air suction hole of its work surface produces negative pressure suction force to work piece, and can complete quick non - injury positioning. The utility model solves the technical problem that existing large -scale milling equipment is inconvenient to move, and mechanical clamp can easily damage work piece, has the beneficial effect that is flexible, locking is stable, positioning is non - injury, and processing precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of large-scale machinery manufacturing, such as rail transportation, aerospace or energy equipment, it is often necessary to perform high-precision milling on the end faces of large plate or box-shaped structural components to ensure their assembly accuracy and performance.

[0003] Currently, the equipment used for such machining tasks is mostly heavy-duty gantry milling machines or floor-type boring and milling machines that are fixedly installed on the workshop foundation. Since these machine tools themselves cannot move, and the workpieces to be machined are often huge and heavy, large hoisting equipment must be used to transfer the workpieces to the machine tool for complex alignment and clamping. This "workpiece-on-machine" production model is cumbersome, not only consuming expensive hoisting resources and extending auxiliary time, but also significantly reducing production flexibility and overall efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, traditional mechanical clamps or hydraulic fixtures are commonly used for workpiece clamping and positioning. For large, thin-walled parts with poor rigidity or precision components with extremely high surface quality requirements, the localized and concentrated clamping forces generated by these fixtures can easily cause elastic deformation of the workpiece, and even leave clamping indentations on the workpiece surface, thus directly affecting the final end-face machining accuracy. Therefore, how to provide a machining method that can flexibly adapt to the machining location of large workpieces and achieve non-destructive, high-precision positioning has become a core technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a movable negative pressure positioning end milling device, which aims to improve the problems of large end milling devices in the prior art, such as fixed body and inflexible movement leading to high workpiece transfer costs and low efficiency, as well as the problems of workpiece deformation and damage and affecting machining accuracy caused by the use of traditional mechanical fixtures for positioning.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A movable negative pressure positioning end milling device includes a base, a frame fixedly connected to the base, a cavity worktable for carrying the workpiece to be processed, and a milling spindle movably mounted on the frame; the device also includes a movable locking assembly and a negative pressure positioning system.

[0009] The movable locking assembly includes casters mounted on the bottom of the base and a locking block driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder drives the locking block to extend downward and press against the ground to secure the entire device in the working position.

[0010] The negative pressure positioning system includes a vacuum pump. The interior of the chambered worktable has a vacuum channel, and its working surface has an air intake hole that communicates with the vacuum channel. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum channel of the chambered worktable through an air passage. By evacuating the channel, a negative pressure is formed, thereby firmly adsorbing and positioning the workpiece placed on its surface.

[0011] Preferably, while the hydraulic cylinder drives the locking block to press down against the ground, it also lifts the caster off the ground or brakes and locks it.

[0012] Preferably, the milling spindle is movably mounted on the frame via an XZ-axis motion mechanism, which includes an X-axis slide saddle and a Z-axis slide plate. The milling spindle is mounted on the Z-axis slide plate, which is slidably connected to the X-axis slide saddle in the vertical direction, while the X-axis slide slidably connects to the frame in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Preferably, the cavity-dividing worktable is movably mounted on the frame via a W-axis transmission mechanism, which includes a W-axis rack and a W-axis gear meshing with the W-axis rack.

[0014] Preferably, the device further includes a linear guide mechanism for guiding the movement of the cavity-splitting worktable. The linear guide mechanism includes a fixed guide rail and a fixed slider. The fixed guide rail is fixed to the frame, and the fixed slider is mounted on the bottom of the cavity-splitting worktable and slides in cooperation with the fixed guide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the device further includes a position detection system for accurately detecting the moving position of the cavity stage. The position detection system includes a grating ruler and a grating guide rail. The grating guide rail is fixed to one side of the fixed guide rail, and the grating ruler is mounted on the fixed slider and works in cooperation with the grating guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, the frame is further connected to the base via support columns to enhance the structural stability of the frame.

[0017] Preferably, the device further includes a position detection system for accurately detecting the movement position of the X-axis slide saddle, the position detection system including another set of grating rulers and grating guides.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. In this utility model, by setting up a movable locking assembly consisting of casters and locking blocks driven by hydraulic cylinders, the problem of existing large milling equipment being usually fixed and inconvenient to move, resulting in high costs for hoisting and transportation and low production efficiency when processing large workpieces is solved. The technical effect is that the equipment can be flexibly moved to the location of the workpiece to be processed, and can be firmly locked during processing to ensure processing stability.

[0020] 2. In this utility model, a negative pressure positioning system is formed by setting up a cavity worktable with an internal vacuum channel and an external vacuum pump. This solves the problem that when using traditional mechanical clamps to position workpieces, uneven clamping force can easily cause workpiece deformation or surface indentation, affecting processing accuracy and quality. It achieves the technical effect of fast, stable and non-destructive adsorption and fixation of workpieces, and is especially suitable for high-precision processing of thin-walled or easily deformable workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device proposed in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis slide plate of the movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device proposed in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the W-axis gear of the movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device proposed in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 1. Frame; 2. W-axis gear; 3. Grating ruler; 4. Cavity-dividing worktable; 5. Z-axis slide plate; 6. Base; 7. Milling spindle; 8. Casters; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Locking block; 11. X-axis slide saddle; 12. Support column; 13. W-axis rack; 14. Fixed guide rail; 15. Fixed slider; 16. Grating guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1-Appendix Figure 4 This utility model provides a movable negative pressure positioning end milling device, which aims to solve the problems of inconvenient movement of existing large milling equipment and the easy deformation and damage of workpieces caused by the use of mechanical clamps for positioning.

[0029] The movable negative pressure positioning end milling device includes a base 6 and a frame 1 fixedly connected to the top of the base 6. The base 6 provides the installation and support foundation for the entire device. The frame 1 serves as the main load-bearing structure and is used to install subsequent moving parts and execution parts. A support column 12 is also fixedly connected between the base 6 and the frame 1. The support column 12 is used to enhance the overall structural rigidity and stability of the frame 1. The core function of the device is achieved by the coordinated movement locking assembly set on the base 6 and the negative pressure positioning system for carrying the workpiece. The movement locking assembly enables the entire device to have the ability to quickly transfer the workstation and lock it securely on the spot. The negative pressure positioning system is used to achieve non-destructive and highly reliable adsorption positioning of the workpiece, providing a prerequisite for subsequent milling processing. A milling spindle 7 for performing cutting can also be movably set on the frame 1.

[0030] Specifically, the movable locking assembly includes multiple casters 8 located at the bottom of the base 6, as well as an integrated hydraulic cylinder 9 and locking block 10. When the device needs to be moved, the casters 8 provide flexible movement capability. When the device moves to the designated processing position, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is activated, which drives the locking block 10 to extend downward and press firmly against the ground, thereby forming a stable rigid support. While the locking block 10 presses down against the ground, the casters 8 are lifted off the ground as a whole or their braking mechanism is locked, completely eliminating any possible slight displacement of the device during processing.

[0031] The main body of the negative pressure positioning system is a cavity worktable 4, which is set on the frame 1 and is used to support the workpiece to be processed. In order to realize the negative pressure adsorption function, the cavity worktable 4 has interconnected vacuum channels inside, and its flat working surface has multiple suction holes that communicate with the vacuum channels. The negative pressure positioning system also includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the vacuum channels of the cavity worktable 4 through air passage fittings. When the workpiece is placed on the working surface of the cavity worktable 4, the vacuum pump is started to evacuate the vacuum channels, so that negative pressure is formed at the suction holes, and atmospheric pressure is used to firmly adsorb the workpiece onto the worktable surface.

[0032] To achieve precise milling of workpieces, the frame 1 of the device is equipped with an XZ axis motion mechanism for driving the milling spindle 7 and a W axis transmission mechanism for driving the cavity table 4. The coordinated work of these two mechanisms constitutes the core positioning and processing capabilities of the device.

[0033] The XZ axis motion mechanism includes an X-axis slide saddle 11 and a Z-axis slide plate 5. The milling spindle 7 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the Z-axis slide plate 5, while the Z-axis slide plate 5 is slidably connected to the X-axis slide saddle 11 in the vertical direction. The X-axis slide saddle 11 is slidably connected to the crossbeam at the top of the frame 1 in the horizontal direction. Through the combined motion of the horizontal movement of the X-axis slide saddle 11 and the vertical movement of the Z-axis slide plate 5, the milling spindle 7 is accurately positioned and fed in the XZ two-dimensional plane, thereby meeting the machining requirements of different positions.

[0034] The W-axis transmission mechanism is used to drive the cavity-splitting worktable 4 to move linearly along the depth of the equipment, further expanding the processing range. The W-axis transmission mechanism mainly consists of a W-axis rack 13 and a W-axis gear 2. The W-axis rack 13 is horizontally fixed on the frame 1 along the movement direction of the cavity-splitting worktable 4, while the W-axis gear 2 is driven by a servo motor and rotatably mounted on the cavity-splitting worktable 4. The W-axis gear 2 and the W-axis rack 13 mesh with each other to drive the cavity-splitting worktable 4 to move linearly back and forth along the length of the W-axis rack 13. This gear and rack transmission method is suitable for long-stroke, heavy-load precision transmission.

[0035] To ensure the smoothness and high precision of the cavity-splitting worktable 4 during its movement in the W-axis direction, a fixed slider 15 is installed at its bottom. The fixed slider 15 and the fixed guide rail 14 fixedly connected to the frame 1 form a sliding fit. The linear guide mechanism composed of the fixed guide rail 14 and the fixed slider 15 provides high rigidity support and precise guidance for the movement of the cavity-splitting worktable 4, ensuring that it can still operate smoothly when subjected to processing loads.

[0036] Based on the above embodiments, in order to achieve high-precision closed-loop control of each motion axis and ensure the final machining accuracy, the device is also equipped with a position detection system for accurately measuring displacement. The position detection system mainly consists of a grating ruler 3 and a grating guide rail 16.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, to accurately detect the movement position of the cavity-splitting stage 4 in the W-axis direction, a position detection system is integrated into the linear guide mechanism that provides guidance for the cavity-splitting stage 4. Specifically, the grating guide rail 16 is fixed to one side of the fixed guide rail 14 and kept parallel to it, while the grating ruler 3, as a reading head, is mounted on the fixed slider 15 and slides in cooperation with the grating guide rail 16. When the cavity-splitting stage 4 moves, the fixed slider 15 drives the grating ruler 3 to move synchronously along the grating guide rail 16. The grating ruler 3 reads the position information in real time and feeds it back to the CNC system, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of the position of the cavity-splitting stage 4.

[0038] As another preferred embodiment, in order to accurately detect the coordinate position of the milling spindle 7 in the XZ plane, a position detection system is also provided for the XZ axis motion mechanism. Specifically, in order to detect the movement position of the X-axis slide saddle 11, another set of grating rulers 3 and grating guide rails 16 are provided. The grating guide rails 16 are fixed horizontally on the crossbeam of the frame 1, and the corresponding grating rulers 3 are installed on the X-axis slide saddle 11 for real-time detection of the X-axis coordinates. Similarly, in order to detect the movement position of the Z-axis slide plate 5, another grating guide rail 16 can be fixed vertically on the X-axis slide saddle 11, and the corresponding grating rulers 3 can be installed on the Z-axis slide plate 5, thereby achieving accurate detection of the Z-axis coordinates.

[0039] Working principle: First, by pushing the casters 8 at the bottom of the device base 6, the entire device is easily moved to the designated processing position. After it is in place, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is activated. The hydraulic cylinder 9 drives the locking block 10 to extend downward and press firmly against the ground, so that the device forms a rigid connection with the ground. At the same time, the casters 8 are lifted or locked, thus providing an extremely stable foundation for subsequent milling operations and effectively avoiding any vibration or displacement during the processing.

[0040] Next, place the workpiece to be processed on the working surface of the cavity worktable 4, start the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump evacuates the vacuum channel inside the cavity worktable 4 through the air passage, so that a negative pressure is formed at the suction hole on the working surface. The strong atmospheric pressure then acts on the lower surface of the workpiece through the suction hole, quickly, evenly and firmly adsorbing the workpiece onto the cavity worktable 4, completing the precise positioning without damage.

[0041] Then, under the control of the CNC system, automated machining begins. According to the preset program, the system drives the servo motor of the W-axis, which drives the W-axis gear 2 to rotate. The W-axis gear 2 meshes with the fixed W-axis rack 13, thereby driving the entire cavity worktable 4 to move precisely to the predetermined machining area along the guide path formed by the fixed guide rail 14 and the fixed slider 15. At the same time, the system drives the XZ axis motion mechanism, controls the X-axis slide saddle 11 to move horizontally on the frame 1, and controls the Z-axis slide plate 5 to move vertically, so that the high-speed rotating milling spindle 7 is precisely aligned with the end face of the workpiece to be machined. During the entire movement, the grating ruler 3 installed on the cavity worktable 4, X-axis slide saddle 11 and other moving parts will read the position data of the grating guide rail 16 in real time and feed it back to the CNC system in real time, forming a closed-loop control to ensure the positioning accuracy of each axis. Finally, through the coordinated interpolation motion of each axis, the high-precision milling of the end face of the workpiece is completed. The entire process is stably supported by the sturdy frame 1 and the support column 12.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device, comprising: Base (6); The frame (1) is fixedly connected to the base (6); The cavity-divided worktable (4) is used to support the workpiece to be processed; A milling spindle (7) is movably mounted on the frame (1) for milling the workpiece; characterized in that the device further includes a movable locking assembly and a negative pressure positioning system; the movable locking assembly includes casters (8) mounted on the bottom of the base (6) and a locking block (10) driven by a hydraulic cylinder (9), the hydraulic cylinder (9) being used to drive the locking block (10) to press downwards against the ground to fix the device; The negative pressure positioning system includes a vacuum pump. The interior of the chambered worktable (4) is provided with a vacuum channel, and its working surface is provided with an air intake hole that communicates with the vacuum channel. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum channel through an air passage to perform negative pressure adsorption positioning on the workpiece.

2. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: While the hydraulic cylinder (9) drives the locking block (10) to press down on the ground, it also links the universal wheel (8) to lift it off the ground or brake and lock it.

3. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling spindle (7) is movably mounted on the frame (1) via an XZ axis motion mechanism. The XZ axis motion mechanism includes an X-axis slide saddle (11) and a Z-axis slide plate (5). The milling spindle (7) is mounted on the Z-axis slide plate (5). The Z-axis slide plate (5) is slidably connected to the X-axis slide saddle (11) in the vertical direction. The X-axis slide saddle (11) is slidably connected to the frame (1) in the horizontal direction.

4. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity worktable (4) is movably mounted on the frame (1) via a W-axis transmission mechanism, which includes a W-axis rack (13) and a W-axis gear (2) meshing with the W-axis rack (13).

5. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device further includes a linear guide mechanism that provides guidance for the movement of the cavity-dividing worktable (4). The linear guide mechanism includes a fixed guide rail (14) and a fixed slider (15). The fixed guide rail (14) is fixed on the frame (1), and the fixed slider (15) is installed on the bottom of the cavity-dividing worktable (4) and slides in cooperation with the fixed guide rail (14).

6. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device also includes a position detection system for accurately detecting the moving position of the cavity worktable (4). The position detection system includes a grating ruler (3) and a grating guide rail (16). The grating guide rail (16) is fixed to one side of the fixed guide rail (14). The grating ruler (3) is mounted on the fixed slider (15) and works in cooperation with the grating guide rail (16).

7. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is also connected to the base (6) via a support column (12) to enhance the structural stability of the frame (1).

8. The movable negative pressure positioning end face milling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device also includes a position detection system for accurately detecting the movement position of the X-axis slide saddle (11), the position detection system including another set of grating rulers (3) and grating guide rails (16).

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