A power distribution module and charging system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of power distribution module and charging system, by setting series switch group between any two power conversion module, and cooperate respectively arranged in positive electrode side and negative electrode side positive electrode selection switch group and negative electrode selection switch group, realized in module output end directly two power conversion module is combined in series mode, and total output positive and negative end after series connection can dynamically select the connection path of target charging gun, to meet high-voltage charging demand without relying on additional boost unit, reduce the boost load and heat generation of single power conversion module, improve system efficiency and reliability, while supporting in series mode directly for single-gun charging, enhance the power combination flexibility and adaptability of charging system, overcome the limitation that prior art can only work independently or in parallel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automobile charging, and in particular to a power distribution module and charging system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing charging systems, a power distribution module is typically placed between multiple charging guns and multiple conversion modules. This module distributes the electrical energy output from each conversion module to the appropriate charging gun based on the charging demand of each gun. Existing power distribution modules generally support two operating modes: one is that each conversion module independently charges and discharges its corresponding charging gun, enabling multiple guns to operate independently; the other is that multiple conversion modules are connected in parallel to collaboratively charge and discharge a single charging gun, thereby increasing the output power of that single gun. This design can meet the power requirements of different vehicles in most application scenarios and achieves high system flexibility and ease of maintenance through its modular structure.

[0003] However, in related technologies, the circuit structure and controllable switch layout of the power distribution module only support the aforementioned "independent operation" or "parallel operation" modes, and cannot enable multiple conversion modules to be connected in series to simultaneously charge and discharge a single charging gun. The drawback is that when charging vehicles with high voltage requirements, existing systems can only meet the demand through a single conversion module boost or an external boost unit. This not only increases the workload of the conversion module and reduces efficiency, but may also lead to uneven module heating and decreased reliability. Furthermore, the inability to directly switch to single-gun charging in series mode limits the power combination capability of the charging system in diverse charging scenarios, reducing the adaptability and resource utilization of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power distribution module and charging system that can meet high-voltage charging requirements without relying on an additional boost unit, reduce the boost load and heat generation of a single power conversion module, improve system efficiency and reliability, and support direct charging of a single gun in series mode, thereby enhancing the power combination flexibility and adaptability of the charging system and overcoming the limitations of existing technologies that can only work independently or in parallel.

[0005] On one hand, this utility model provides a power distribution module applied to a charging system, the charging system including at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules, the power distribution module including:

[0006] A series switch group is set between any two power conversion modules, connecting the negative output terminal of one power conversion module to the positive output terminal of another power conversion module to connect the two power conversion modules in series.

[0007] A positive selection switch group is set between the output positive terminal of each of the power conversion modules and the positive terminal of the corresponding charging gun, and is used to dynamically open the path between the total output positive terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the positive terminal of the target charging gun.

[0008] The negative selection switch group is equipped with a configurable switch matrix, which connects the negative output terminals of the two power conversion modules and the negative terminals of the two charging guns, and is used to dynamically connect the path between the total negative output terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the target charging gun.

[0009] When two power conversion modules are connected in series, each switch group works in concert to enable the two power conversion modules connected in series to charge a single target charging gun.

[0010] Optionally, the series switch group includes a first switch and a second switch;

[0011] One end of the first switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module;

[0012] One end of the second switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

[0013] Optionally, the positive electrode selection switch group includes a third switch and a fourth switch;

[0014] One end of the third switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the positive terminal of the first charging gun.

[0015] One end of the fourth switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the positive terminal of the second charging gun.

[0016] Optionally, the negative electrode selection switch group includes a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a seventh switch, and an eighth switch;

[0017] One end of the fifth switch is connected to one end of the seventh switch and the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, one end of the sixth switch is connected to one end of the eighth switch and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module, the other end of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the eighth switch and the negative terminal of the first charging gun, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the other end of the seventh switch and the negative terminal of the second charging gun.

[0018] Optionally, it may also include a parallel switch group;

[0019] The two power conversion modules are connected in parallel by connecting their positive output terminals and their negative output terminals between any two power conversion modules.

[0020] Optionally, the parallel switch group includes a ninth switch and a tenth switch;

[0021] The ninth switch is located between the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module and the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the tenth switch is located between the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

[0022] On the other hand, this application provides a charging system, including at least one power distribution module as described above, and further including at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules;

[0023] The power distribution module is connected between any two power conversion modules and the corresponding two charging guns, and is used to dynamically configure the output topology of the power conversion modules and the power distribution path of the charging guns.

[0024] Optionally, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC or a bidirectional AC / DC.

[0025] Optionally, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter, and further includes:

[0026] A bidirectional AC / DC and DC bus;

[0027] The input terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the power supply, the positive terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.

[0028] The positive input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.

[0029] Optionally, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter, and further includes:

[0030] Multiple bidirectional AC / DC converters are provided, with each bidirectional AC / DC converter corresponding to a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The positive output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the positive input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the negative output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the negative input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter. The input terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the power supply.

[0031] This invention provides a power distribution module and charging system. By setting a series switch group between any two power conversion modules, and cooperating with positive and negative selection switch groups respectively arranged on the positive and negative sides, it realizes the direct combination of two power conversion modules in series at the module output end. It can dynamically select the connection path between the positive and negative terminals of the total output after series connection and the target charging gun. Thus, it meets the high voltage charging requirements without relying on an additional boost unit, reduces the boost load and heat generation of a single power conversion module, and improves system efficiency and reliability. At the same time, it supports direct charging of a single gun in series mode, enhances the power combination flexibility and adaptability of the charging system, and overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that can only work independently or in parallel. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a charging system including a power distribution module provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating how a dual-channel charging gun can independently achieve V2G working mode, as provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a V2G working mode achieved by parallel connection of two bidirectional DC / DC converters provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a two-way bidirectional DC / DC converter series connection where only the first charging gun participates in the operation, provided by this utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a two-way bidirectional DC / DC converter series connection where only the second charging gun participates in the operation, provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first charging gun charging a second charging gun according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second charging gun charging a first charging gun, as provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The core of this utility model is to provide a power distribution module and charging system that can meet high-voltage charging requirements without relying on an additional boost unit, reduce the boost load and heat generation of a single power conversion module, improve system efficiency and reliability, and support direct charging of a single gun in series mode, thereby enhancing the power combination flexibility and adaptability of the charging system and overcoming the limitations of existing technologies that can only work independently or in parallel.

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0042] On the one hand, such as Figure 1 This utility model provides a power distribution module for use in a charging system. The charging system includes at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules. The power distribution module includes:

[0043] A series switch group 11 is set between any two power conversion modules, connecting the negative output terminal of one power conversion module to the positive output terminal of another power conversion module to connect the two power conversion modules in series.

[0044] Positive selection switch group 12 is set between the positive output terminal of each power conversion module and the positive terminal of the corresponding charging gun, and is used to dynamically connect the path between the total positive output terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the positive terminal of the target charging gun.

[0045] The negative selection switch group 13 is equipped with a configurable switch matrix, which connects the negative output terminals of the two power conversion modules and the negative terminals of the two charging guns, and is used to dynamically connect the path between the total negative output terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the target charging gun.

[0046] When two power conversion modules are connected in series, each switch group works together to enable the two power conversion modules connected in series to charge a single target charging gun.

[0047] Specifically, the core of this embodiment lies in the design of the series switch group 11. This series switch group 11 is positioned between any two power conversion modules, connecting the negative output terminal of one module to the positive output terminal of the other, thereby achieving a series connection of the two power conversion modules. Through this series connection, the output voltages of the two modules can be superimposed, ensuring that the total output voltage after series connection can meet the high-voltage charging requirements of vehicles, while avoiding the need for a single module to bear an excessively high voltage boost load, thus improving the overall system efficiency.

[0048] Based on the series switch group 11, a positive pole selection switch group 12 is provided. The positive pole selection switch group 12 connects the positive output terminal of each power conversion module to the positive terminal of the corresponding charging gun, and can dynamically select which charging gun the total output positive terminal of the series connection is connected to. Through the positive pole selection switch group 12, flexible power supply path control for different charging guns can be realized, enabling the system to accurately provide the target charging gun with the total voltage after series connection according to demand, ensuring the efficient completion of the charging task.

[0049] Simultaneously, a negative electrode selection switch group 13 was designed. This group, composed of a configurable switch matrix, connects the negative output terminals of the two power conversion modules to the negative terminals of each charging gun. The negative electrode selection switch group 13 works in conjunction with the positive electrode selection switch group 12 to dynamically open the path between the series-connected total output negative terminal and the negative terminal of the target charging gun, ensuring a closed current loop and maintaining circuit safety and continuity when switching target charging guns.

[0050] By leveraging the coordinated action of switches at the positive and negative terminals, when two power conversion modules are connected in series, the module can provide the complete total output of the series connection to a single target charging gun. This design not only supports high-voltage charging but also allows for flexible configuration of the power supply path according to the needs of different charging guns, thereby improving the power combination capability and adaptability of the charging system.

[0051] Overall, this power distribution module achieves series output, dynamic path selection, and single-gun power supply through the combination of series switch group 11 and positive / negative selection switch group 13. This structure ensures the flexibility of the charging system, improves system efficiency and reliability, and avoids the limitations of existing technologies that can only operate independently or in parallel.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, the series switch group 11 includes a first switch KS1 and a second switch KS2;

[0053] One end of the first switch KS1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the first switch KS1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module.

[0054] One end of the second switch KS2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the second switch KS2 is connected to the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

[0055] Specifically, the series switch group 11 consists of a first switch KS1 and a second switch KS2. One end of the first switch KS1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module. When KS1 is closed, it establishes a series path between the two power conversion modules, making the negative terminal potential of the first power conversion module connected to the positive terminal potential of the second power conversion module, thereby achieving the superposition of the voltages of the two modules.

[0056] One end of the second switch KS2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end is connected to the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module. When KS2 is closed, it forms another series path, connecting the positive terminal of the first power conversion module to the negative terminal of the second power conversion module, providing a path for different current directions or specific circuit configurations.

[0057] It is important to understand that KS1 and KS2 are mutually exclusive and cannot be turned on simultaneously. This mutual exclusion design prevents two conflicting series paths from closing at the same time, avoiding short circuits or potential conflicts, thereby ensuring the safety and controllability of the series process. By controlling the alternating conduction of the two, the system achieves dynamic selection of the series voltage path, ensuring that the module can safely and stably provide series output in different operating modes.

[0058] Overall, the mutually exclusive KS1 and KS2 not only ensure the electrical safety of the series circuit, but also provide a reliable and controllable voltage output port for the selection of positive and negative terminals connected to the charging gun, realizing flexible series combination between modules and high-voltage power supply capability. In summary, the structure of this series switch group 11 is both simple and effective. Through the configuration of KS1 and KS2, it achieves control of the series voltage output between modules, ensuring the flexibility and safety of the system under different charging requirements.

[0059] In one exemplary embodiment, the positive selection switch group 12 includes a third switch K1A and a fourth switch K1B;

[0060] One end of the third switch K1A is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the third switch K1A is connected to the positive terminal of the first charging gun.

[0061] One end of the fourth switch K1B is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the other end of the fourth switch K1B is connected to the positive terminal of the second charging gun.

[0062] Specifically, by controlling the closed states of K1A and K1B, the total positive output terminal of the two series-connected power conversion modules can be dynamically connected to the positive terminal of a specific target charging gun. When the two power conversion modules form a series output through the series switch group 11, the positive terminal selection switch group 12 can flexibly select which charging gun receives the total positive terminal voltage after series connection. For example, when K1A is closed, the total positive output terminal after series connection will be connected to the positive terminal of the first charging gun; when K1B is closed, it will be connected to the positive terminal of the second charging gun, thereby realizing dynamic power supply control of the target charging gun.

[0063] This design allows for independent switching between the positive terminal of the total output after series connection and the positive terminals of different charging guns, enabling the system to select the power supply target based on actual charging needs. In series mode, the positive terminal selection switch group 12 ensures that the electrical energy at the positive terminal of the total output can be safely and accurately transmitted to the target charging gun, while avoiding interference with unselected charging guns.

[0064] Overall, the positive selection switch group 12, through its synergistic effect with the series switch group 11, achieves dynamic allocation of the positive terminal of the series output to the designated charging gun, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the charging system, and providing a reliable circuit control means for high-voltage charging.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, the negative selection switch group 13 includes a fifth switch K2A, a sixth switch K2B, a seventh switch K2C, and an eighth switch K2D;

[0066] One end of the fifth switch K2A is connected to one end of the seventh switch K2C and the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, one end of the sixth switch K2B is connected to one end of the eighth switch K2D and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module, the other end of the fifth switch K2A is connected to the other end of the eighth switch K2D and the negative terminal of the first charging gun, and the other end of the sixth switch K2B is connected to the other end of the seventh switch K2C and the negative terminal of the second charging gun.

[0067] In this embodiment, the negative electrode selection switch group 13 consists of a fifth switch K2A, a sixth switch K2B, a seventh switch K2C, and an eighth switch K2D. The core function of this switch group is to dynamically connect the negative terminal of the series-connected total output to the negative terminal of the target charging gun, while ensuring circuit closure and maintaining the integrity of the current loop.

[0068] When K1A is closed, K1B, K2A, K2C and K2B are open, and K2D is closed, which can form a loop path from the total negative terminal of the series-connected module (the output negative terminal of the second power conversion module) to the negative terminal of the first charging gun, ensuring that the current can flow smoothly from the series-connected module through the negative terminal selection switch to the negative terminal of the target charging gun.

[0069] When K1B is closed, K1A, K2A, K2D and K2B are open, and K2C is closed, which can form a loop path from the total negative terminal of the series-connected module (the output negative terminal of the first power conversion module) to the negative terminal of the second charging gun, ensuring that the current can flow smoothly from the series-connected module through the negative terminal selection switch to the negative terminal of the target charging gun.

[0070] In series mode, by controlling the opening and closing states of K2A-K2D, the total negative terminal of the series circuit can be flexibly selected to be connected to the negative terminal of which charging gun. If charging the first charging gun is required, K1A and K2D are closed, and the others are open; if powering the second charging gun is required, K1B and K2C are closed, and the others are open. Through this combined control, dynamic allocation of the negative terminal path is achieved.

[0071] The negative electrode selection switch group 13 works in conjunction with the positive electrode selection switch group 12 to ensure that the total output after series connection can be completely and safely conducted to the positive and negative electrodes of the target charging gun, thereby forming a closed current loop and ensuring the reliability and stability of the charging process.

[0072] Overall, the interconnected layout and flexible control of K2A-K2D enable the system to achieve precise path selection for single-gun power supply in series mode, while taking into account safety and circuit integrity, providing a controllable and reliable negative electrode path for high-voltage charging.

[0073] It is also important to understand that the above only describes the dynamic selection of the target charging gun by the third switch K1A and the fourth switch K1B in a series connection scenario. The selection of the target charging gun can also be achieved in a parallel connection scenario.

[0074] Specifically, in one exemplary embodiment, a parallel switch group is further included; disposed between any two power conversion modules, connecting the positive output terminals of the two power conversion modules and connecting the negative output terminals of the two power conversion modules to connect the two power conversion modules in parallel. In one exemplary embodiment, the parallel switch group includes a ninth switch KP1 and a tenth switch KP2; the ninth switch KP1 is disposed between the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module and the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the tenth switch KP2 is disposed between the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

[0075] In this embodiment, in addition to the series switch group 11 and the positive / negative selection switch group 13, a parallel switch group is also provided to directly connect the positive and negative output terminals of any two power conversion modules, realizing the parallel combination of two power conversion modules. Through the parallel switch group, the system can superimpose the output current of multiple modules to increase the output power of a single charging gun, thereby meeting the needs of scenarios requiring high-power charging.

[0076] The parallel switch group consists of the ninth switch KP1 and the tenth switch KP2. When the ninth switch KP1 and the tenth switch KP2 are closed simultaneously, the two power conversion modules form a parallel path with the same voltage and superimposed current, providing greater power to the target charging gun.

[0077] In parallel mode, the positive selection switch group 12 and the negative selection switch group 13 still function, dynamically connecting the positive and negative terminals of the total output after parallel connection to the positive and negative terminals of the target charging gun, thus achieving flexible charging gun selection. This combination allows for high voltage output in series mode and high current output in parallel mode, meeting the diverse power requirements of different vehicles.

[0078] Overall, the coordinated design of the series switch group 11, the parallel switch group, and the positive and negative pole selection switch group 13 enables the power distribution module to flexibly switch between series and parallel modes, providing a highly adaptable and efficient power supply path for the charging system, while ensuring charging safety and circuit reliability.

[0079] On the other hand, this application provides a charging system, including at least one power distribution module as described above, and also including at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules;

[0080] The power distribution module is connected between any two power conversion modules and the corresponding two charging guns, and is used to dynamically configure the output topology of the power conversion modules and the power distribution path of the charging guns.

[0081] Specifically, the charging system configures at least one power distribution module to manage the power distribution between multiple power conversion modules and charging guns. The power distribution module is connected between any two power conversion modules and their corresponding two charging guns. Through its internal series switch group 11, positive selection switch group 12, and negative selection switch group 13, it can flexibly control the output path of the conversion modules and realize power distribution in different modes.

[0082] By utilizing a power distribution module, the output topology of the power conversion module can be dynamically configured. Whether in series, parallel, or independent mode, power can be directed to the target charging gun according to charging demand, enabling flexible multi-gun charging. This design improves the adaptability and efficiency of the charging system while ensuring the safety and circuit integrity of the charging process.

[0083] In one exemplary embodiment, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC or bidirectional AC / DC converter. This enables bidirectional energy conversion between DC and AC or between different voltage levels, thereby supporting flexible energy allocation of the charging system under various power supply and load conditions, improving system adaptability and charging / discharging efficiency.

[0084] In one exemplary embodiment, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter, and further includes:

[0085] Multiple bidirectional AC / DC converters are provided, with each bidirectional AC / DC converter corresponding to a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The positive output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the positive input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the negative output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the negative input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter. The input terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to a power supply.

[0086] Specifically, the power conversion module adopts a bidirectional DC / DC structure to support bidirectional energy conversion between different DC voltages, enabling flexible power supply to the charging gun. To further enhance the system's adaptability and power conversion capability, multiple bidirectional AC / DC modules are also included, each configured in a one-to-one correspondence with a corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter. The positive output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC module is connected to the positive input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the negative output terminal is connected to the negative input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, thus realizing an energy conversion path from the AC grid to the DC bus. This one-to-one correspondence connection method ensures voltage matching and energy transmission stability between the power conversion modules.

[0087] Furthermore, the input terminals of each bidirectional AC / DC module are directly connected to the power supply to ensure that the system can obtain energy from the AC grid and flexibly distribute it to different charging guns according to charging needs via the bidirectional DC / DC converter. This modular and corresponding design not only improves the power output capability of the charging system but also facilitates efficient and reliable energy management in different charging scenarios.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, the power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter, and further includes:

[0089] A bidirectional AC / DC and DC bus;

[0090] The input terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the power supply, the positive terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.

[0091] The positive input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.

[0092] Specifically, the power conversion module adopts a bidirectional DC / DC structure to achieve bidirectional conversion of DC power between different voltage levels, so as to meet the power supply requirements of the charging system for different charging guns. The system also includes a bidirectional AC / DC module and a DC bus, which are used to convert AC grid power into DC power and collect it on the DC bus.

[0093] The input terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC module is connected to the power supply, the positive terminal of its output terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative terminal of its output terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus, thus forming a stable DC power collection path to provide a unified voltage source for downstream bidirectional DC / DC converters. The positive terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative terminal of its input terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus, enabling each DC / DC converter to obtain energy from the DC bus for flexible conversion and distribution.

[0094] This design enables the charging system to achieve efficient energy conversion from AC power to the DC bus, and dynamically distribute electrical energy to different charging guns via bidirectional DC / DC converters. The DC bus, as the energy confluence point, not only ensures voltage consistency across all power conversion modules but also improves the overall stability and controllability of the system.

[0095] It's important to understand that in a design where multiple bidirectional AC / DC modules correspond one-to-one with bidirectional DC / DC converters, each bidirectional AC / DC module independently provides an energy conversion path for its corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, enabling highly modular and flexible energy management. This design allows the system to individually adjust the output power of each pair of modules according to the needs of different charging guns, improving the system's dynamic response and charging efficiency, while also facilitating maintenance and expansion.

[0096] The design employing a bidirectional AC / DC module with a DC bus centrally collects AC power to the DC bus, which is then distributed by the various bidirectional DC / DC converters. This simplifies the system structure, reduces hardware redundancy, and ensures that each DC / DC converter receives a stable, unified DC voltage. This design facilitates centralized control of overall system power management and energy distribution, improving reliability and overall energy efficiency.

[0097] Furthermore, it's important to understand that, with a DC bus present, the switching topology of the power distribution module provided in this application can not only achieve series or parallel charging of a single target charging gun, but also mutual charging and discharging between charging guns, and the implementation is simple. Specifically, in a design using a bidirectional AC / DC module and a DC bus, if the first charging gun needs to charge the second charging gun, the electrical energy can first be discharged from the first charging gun to the DC bus (BUS+, BUS-) via the bidirectional DC / DC1 module, and then charged to the second charging gun via the bidirectional DC / DC2 module. This path involves only two stages of circuit topology, resulting in a shorter power transmission path. Compared to the multi-stage conversion and complex topology required by an architecture without a DC bus, this approach can transfer electrical energy more efficiently and improve the overall charging and discharging efficiency of the system.

[0098] Under the switching topology of this power distribution module, the following operating modes can be implemented:

[0099] 1. In Figure 2 In the example shown, the two charging guns operate independently in V2G mode, allowing both the first and second charging guns to exchange energy simultaneously. In this mode, the two bidirectional DC / DC converters operate independently, providing charging and discharging functions for their respective charging guns. To achieve this independent operation, the positive selection switches K1A and K1B, and the negative selection switches K2A and K2B are closed, forming a complete current path, while the remaining switches remain open to avoid current interference between the different charging guns.

[0100] Figure 2 This illustration only shows the charging mode. In the discharging mode, the paths are the same, but the current directions are opposite. Energy feedback from the charging gun to the grid or other loads is still achieved through their respective closed switching circuits. In this independent mode, each bidirectional DC / DC converter can flexibly adjust its power according to the needs of its respective charging gun, achieving safe and efficient bidirectional energy management.

[0101] 2. In Figure 3 In the example shown, two bidirectional DC / DC converters are connected in parallel to achieve V2G operation mode, but only the first charging gun is active at this time (the operation of the second charging gun is similar and will not be described again). To form a parallel working path, the positive selection switch K1A and the negative selection switch K2A are closed, while the parallel switches KP1 and KP2 are energized, connecting the positive and negative output terminals of the two DC / DC converters in parallel, thus providing a unified power supply to the first charging gun. All other relay switches remain open to prevent current from flowing to non-working charging guns or forming loop interference.

[0102] Figure 3This diagram only illustrates the charging mode; in discharging mode, the path remains the same, but the current direction is reversed. By connecting two DC / DC outputs in parallel, the total power of a single charging / discharging gun can be increased, while maintaining a simple system structure and flexible control, achieving efficient and stable energy transfer.

[0103] 3. In Figure 4 In the example shown, two bidirectional DC / DC converters are connected in series to achieve V2G operation mode. However, only the first charging gun is active at this time, providing high-voltage, high-power output (the second charging gun is not active). To form a series path, the positive selection switch K1A, the series switch KS1, and the negative selection switch K2D are closed, while the remaining relays remain open. This connects the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module in series with the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and connects the total output positive and negative terminals to the first charging gun.

[0104] Figure 4 This illustration only shows the charging mode; the discharging mode follows the same path but with the current direction reversed. By connecting two DC / DC converters in series, higher output voltage and higher power delivery can be achieved in single-gun charging scenarios, while maintaining a clear control path and closed circuit, meeting high-voltage charging requirements and ensuring system safety.

[0105] 4. In Figure 5 In the example shown, two bidirectional DC / DC converters are connected in series to achieve V2G operation mode. However, only the second charging gun is active at this time, providing high-voltage, high-power output (the first charging gun is not active). To form a series path, the positive selection switch K1B, the series switch KS2, and the negative selection switch K2C are closed, while the remaining relays remain open. This connects the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module in series with the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and connects the total output positive and negative terminals to the second charging gun.

[0106] Figure 5 This illustration only shows the charging mode; the discharging mode follows the same path but the current direction is reversed. By connecting two DC / DC converters in series, high-voltage, high-power output can be achieved in a single-gun charging scenario, while ensuring circuit closure and safety, meeting the charging requirements of vehicles with high voltage demands.

[0107] 5. In Figure 6 In the example shown, the two bidirectional DC / DC converters operate in a V2V mode, meaning the first charging gun charges the second charging gun, and the energy transfer does not pass through the power grid. To form a complete energy transfer path, the positive and negative switches K1A and K2A corresponding to the first charging gun are closed, while the positive and negative switches K1B and K2B corresponding to the second charging gun are also closed. The remaining relay switches remain open to ensure that the current flows only between the two charging guns, avoiding interference with other paths.

[0108] Through this control method, the output energy of the first charging gun is efficiently transferred to the second charging gun via a series or parallel bidirectional DC / DC converter, realizing direct energy exchange (V2V) between vehicles. This not only improves energy utilization efficiency but also ensures the safety and flexibility of system operation.

[0109] 6. In Figure 7 In the example shown, the two bidirectional DC / DC converters operate in a V2V mode, meaning the second charging gun charges the first charging gun, and the energy transfer does not pass through the power grid. To form a complete energy transfer path, the positive and negative switches K1B and K2B corresponding to the second charging gun are closed, while the positive and negative switches K1A and K2A corresponding to the first charging gun are also closed. The remaining relays remain open to ensure that the current flows only between the two charging guns and does not interfere with other paths.

[0110] This control method allows the output energy of the second charging gun to be efficiently transferred to the first charging gun via bidirectional DC / DC, enabling direct energy exchange (V2V) between vehicles. This configuration not only improves energy utilization efficiency but also ensures the safety and flexibility of the charging system in V2V mode.

[0111] In summary, this application achieves dynamic configuration of the output topology of the power conversion module and the power path of the charging gun by setting up a series switch group 11, a positive selection switch group 12 and a negative selection switch group 13. It not only supports independent charging and parallel charging of multiple charging guns, but also realizes for the first time the function of providing high-voltage, high-power charging for a single charging gun after multiple power conversion modules are connected in series, thereby meeting the charging requirements of vehicles with high voltage requirements.

[0112] Furthermore, by precisely controlling the opening and closing of each switch group, V2V energy transfer between charging guns can be flexibly achieved, enabling energy exchange between vehicles without the need for the power grid, thus improving energy utilization efficiency. This design can also achieve efficient energy transfer through a combination of bidirectional DC / DC and bidirectional AC / DC modules or a DC bus architecture, reducing the number of circuit stages, lowering energy loss, and ensuring circuit closure and safety, thereby enhancing the adaptability, flexibility, and reliability of the charging system.

[0113] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0114] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power distribution module, characterized in that, The system is applied to a charging system, which includes at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules. The power distribution module includes: A series switch group is set between any two power conversion modules, connecting the negative output terminal of one power conversion module to the positive output terminal of another power conversion module to connect the two power conversion modules in series. A positive selection switch group is set between the positive output terminal of each of the power conversion modules and the positive terminal of the corresponding charging gun, and is used to dynamically open the path between the total positive output terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the positive terminal of the target charging gun. The negative selection switch group is equipped with a configurable switch matrix, which connects the negative output terminals of the two power conversion modules and the negative terminals of the two charging guns, and is used to dynamically connect the path between the total negative output terminal of the two power conversion modules connected in series and the target charging gun. When two power conversion modules are connected in series, each switch group works in concert to enable the two power conversion modules connected in series to charge a single target charging gun.

2. The power distribution module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The series switch group includes a first switch and a second switch; One end of the first switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module; One end of the second switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

3. The power distribution module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode selection switch group includes a third switch and a fourth switch; One end of the third switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the positive terminal of the first charging gun. One end of the fourth switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the positive terminal of the second charging gun.

4. The power distribution module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative electrode selection switch group includes a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a seventh switch, and an eighth switch; One end of the fifth switch is connected to one end of the seventh switch and the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module, one end of the sixth switch is connected to one end of the eighth switch and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module, the other end of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the eighth switch and the negative terminal of the first charging gun, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the other end of the seventh switch and the negative terminal of the second charging gun.

5. The power distribution module as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes parallel switch groups; The two power conversion modules are connected in parallel by connecting their positive output terminals and their negative output terminals between any two power conversion modules.

6. The power distribution module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The parallel switch group includes a ninth switch and a tenth switch; The ninth switch is located between the positive output terminal of the first power conversion module and the positive output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the tenth switch is located between the negative output terminal of the first power conversion module and the negative output terminal of the second power conversion module.

7. A charging system, characterized in that, It includes at least one power distribution module as described in any one of claims 1-6, and further includes at least two power conversion modules connected to a power source and at least two charging guns connected to the power conversion modules; The power distribution module is connected between any two power conversion modules and the corresponding two charging guns, and is used to dynamically configure the output topology of the power conversion modules and the power distribution path of the charging guns.

8. The charging system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC or a bidirectional AC / DC.

9. The charging system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter and also includes: A bidirectional AC / DC and DC bus; The input terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the power supply, the positive terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative terminal of the output terminal of the bidirectional AC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus. The positive input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the positive terminal of the DC bus, and the negative input terminal of each bidirectional DC / DC converter module is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.

10. The charging system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The power conversion module is a bidirectional DC / DC converter and also includes: Multiple bidirectional AC / DC converters are provided, with each bidirectional AC / DC converter corresponding to a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The positive output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the positive input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the negative output terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the negative input terminal of the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC converter. The input terminal of each bidirectional AC / DC converter is connected to the power supply.

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