Gsr granular sludge reactor for treating wastewater with high cod and high ammonia nitrogen
By introducing a dual mixing mass transfer system into the GSR granular sludge reactor, the problem of aeration uniformity was solved, the treatment efficiency of high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater was improved, efficient pollutant degradation and microbial aggregation were achieved, and microbial loss was avoided.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522599167.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing GSR granular sludge reactors, when treating wastewater with high COD and high ammonia nitrogen, rely on a single aeration method, and the uniformity of aeration is affected by the location of the aeration device, resulting in poor pollutant degradation rates.
A dual-mixing mass transfer system is adopted. Through the coordinated design of the aeration mechanism and the circulation mechanism, the bottom aeration head provides uniform aeration, and the circulation mechanism's return pump mixes the water at the outlet weir with air and sprays it evenly to the reaction zone to form a gas-liquid mixed flow. Combined with the water distribution holes of the water distribution pipe, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact efficiency is improved, and the appropriate microbial concentration is maintained by the return pump and the sludge discharge pump.
It significantly improves the degradation efficiency of high-concentration COD and ammonia nitrogen pollutants, avoids the inhibition of microorganisms by excessively high local pollutant concentrations, promotes the aggregation and proliferation of microorganisms, forms stable granular sludge, reduces microbial loss, and improves treatment efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224677902U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of granular sludge reactor technology, and in particular to a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating wastewater with high COD and high ammonia nitrogen. Background Technology
[0002] In industries such as chemical, coal chemical, pharmaceutical, and slaughtering, the discharge of high-COD and high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater has long plagued environmental governance. This type of wastewater is characterized by high pollutant concentrations, complex compositions, and the presence of large amounts of recalcitrant organic matter, making it difficult for conventional biological treatment technologies to achieve efficient degradation. Direct discharge without effective treatment can easily lead to eutrophication of water bodies, disrupt the aquatic ecological balance, and cause continuous pollution of soil and groundwater, seriously threatening the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, developing efficient treatment technologies suitable for high-concentration complex wastewater has become an urgent industry need.
[0003] With the development of wastewater treatment technology, biological treatment methods have gained widespread attention due to their advantages such as lower cost and environmental friendliness. Among them, granular sludge technology has provided a new direction for the treatment of high-concentration wastewater. Traditional activated sludge processes suffer from problems such as poor sludge settling performance, sludge bulking, and large footprint. Granular sludge, as a dense microbial aggregate, possesses stronger environmental adaptability and pollutant degradation capabilities. In practical applications, granular sludge requires targeted acclimatization and cultivation, and its particle size is usually controlled within a specific range to ensure reaction efficiency and settling performance. It can be enriched with various functional microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and acid-producing bacteria. These microorganisms form an aerobic and anoxic microenvironment gradient within the granular sludge, theoretically enabling simultaneous COD degradation and ammonia nitrogen nitrification-denitrification denitrification, perfectly meeting the treatment needs of high-COD and high-ammonia nitrogen complex wastewater.
[0004] When treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen complex wastewater, the existing GSR granular sludge reactor has a single aeration method, and the uniformity of aeration is affected by the location of the aeration device, which in turn affects the pollutant degradation rate.
[0005] Therefore, this application proposes a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating wastewater with high COD and high ammonia nitrogen to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating wastewater with high COD and high ammonia nitrogen, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, comprising a reactor body and an inlet pipe, a partition plate is provided inside the reactor body, the right end of the inlet pipe penetrates the left side wall of the reactor body and extends into the reactor body, a reaction zone is provided on the right side of the partition plate, biological packing is provided in the reaction zone, an aeration mechanism and a circulation mechanism are provided on the outside of the reactor body, and a conical sludge storage area is provided at the lower end of the reactor body; The circulation mechanism includes a reflux pump, an ejector, and a water distribution pipe located inside the reactor body.
[0008] Preferably, a water outlet weir is provided on the right inner wall of the reactor body, the water outlet weir is located above the biological packing material, the input end of the reflux pump penetrates through the right side wall of the reactor body and extends into the water outlet weir, the output end of the reflux pump is connected to the input end of the ejector, an air pipe is connected to the side wall of the ejector, the output end of the ejector is connected to the water distribution pipe through a connecting pipe, and a number of water distribution holes are opened on the side wall of the water distribution pipe.
[0009] Preferably, the aeration mechanism includes an air compressor and a bottom aeration pipe. The bottom aeration pipe has several aeration heads at its upper end. The aeration heads are located between the biological packing material and the water distribution pipe in the circulation mechanism. The bottom aeration pipe is connected to the input end of the air compressor.
[0010] Preferably, a sludge discharge pump is provided below the reactor body, and the input end of the sludge discharge pump is connected to the lower end of the conical sludge storage area.
[0011] Compared with related technologies, the GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model provides a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Through the coordinated design of the aeration and circulation mechanisms, a dual mixing and mass transfer system is constructed. The aeration heads of the bottom aeration pipe uniformly aerate the bottom of the reactor, providing sufficient oxygen for microbial metabolism. Simultaneously, the circulation mechanism pumps the treated water from the effluent weir to the ejector via a return pump, forming a gas-liquid mixture with air introduced through the air pipe. This mixture is then evenly sprayed into the reaction zone through the distribution holes of the water distribution pipe. This dual action significantly improves the gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact efficiency, effectively solving the problem of poor mixing in traditional single aeration systems. It promotes the rapid diffusion of high-concentration COD and ammonia nitrogen pollutants to the surface of the granular sludge and biological packing material, avoiding the inhibition of functional microorganisms by excessively high local pollutant concentrations, and simultaneously improving COD degradation and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.
[0012] 2. This utility model provides a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The circulation mechanism uses a return pump to pump a portion of the water from the effluent weir to the ejector, where it mixes with air and then flows back to the reaction zone through the distribution holes of the distribution pipe, forming an internal circulating water flow. This water flow can drive the water in the reaction zone to flow evenly, reducing local sludge accumulation and allowing microorganisms to fully contact nutrients under the disturbance of the water flow. At the same time, it avoids the loss of microorganisms due to excessive water flow, providing stable hydraulic conditions for microbial aggregation, proliferation, and the formation of granular sludge. The conical sludge storage area at the bottom of the reactor can collect and settle the generated granular sludge, preventing it from being lost with the effluent. In conjunction with the sludge discharge pump below, some sludge can be discharged in time when the sludge concentration is too high, maintaining the granular sludge concentration in the reaction zone within a suitable range. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Reactor body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Baffle plate; 4. Conical sludge storage area; 5. Sludge discharge pump; 6. Outlet weir; 7. Return pump; 8. Jet ejector; 9. Water distribution pipe; 10. Water distribution hole; 11. Bottom aeration pipe; 12. Air compressor; 13. Aeration head; 14. Biological packing material. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0016] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: a GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, including a reactor body 1 and an inlet pipe 2. A partition plate 3 is provided on the inner side of the reactor body 1 to guide and optimize the water flow path so that the wastewater can enter the reaction zone smoothly. The right end of the inlet pipe 2 penetrates the left side wall of the reactor body 1 and extends into the reactor body 1. A reaction zone is provided on the right side of the partition plate 3, and biological packing material 14 is provided in the reaction zone. An aeration mechanism and a circulation mechanism are provided on the outer side of the reactor body 1. A conical sludge storage area 4 is provided at the lower end of the reactor body 1. The circulation mechanism includes a reflux pump 7, an ejector 8, and a water distribution pipe 9 located inside the reactor body 1. An outlet weir 6 is provided on the right inner wall of the reactor body 1, located below the biological packing material 14. The input end of the reflux pump 7 penetrates the right side wall of the reactor body 1 and extends into the outlet weir 6. The output end of the reflux pump 7 is connected to the input end of the ejector 8. An air pipe is connected to the side wall of the ejector 8, and the output end of the ejector 8 is connected to the water distribution pipe 9 through a connecting pipe. Several water distribution holes 10 are opened on the side wall of the water distribution pipe 9. After the circulation mechanism is started synchronously, the reflux pump 7 pumps the pre-treated water from the outlet weir 6 to the ejector 8. The ejector 8 introduces air through the air pipe, so that the reflux water and air are fully mixed to form a gas-liquid mixture flow, which is then evenly sprayed to the upper part of the reaction zone through the water distribution holes 10 of the water distribution pipe 9. This process not only achieves the recycling and reuse of the treated water, but also creates a top-down water distribution effect, forming a two-way mixing with bottom aeration, which greatly increases the contact frequency between pollutants and granular sludge and biological packing material 14. The aeration mechanism includes an air compressor 12 and a bottom aeration pipe 11. Several aeration heads 13 are provided at the upper end of the bottom aeration pipe 11. The aeration heads 13 are located between the biological packing material 14 and the water distribution pipe 9 in the circulation mechanism. The bottom aeration pipe 11 is connected to the input end of the air compressor 12. The air generated by the air compressor 12 is delivered to each aeration head 13 through the bottom aeration pipe 11. The aeration heads 13 release bubbles evenly, which provides sufficient oxygen for the aerobic microorganisms in the reaction zone and forms an upward airflow to drive water disturbance, thus initially improving the gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact efficiency. A sludge discharge pump 5 is installed below the reactor body 1. The input end of the sludge discharge pump 5 is connected to the lower end of the conical sludge storage area 4. The granular sludge generated during the reaction process sinks to the conical sludge storage area 4 at the bottom of the reactor under the action of gravity. When the sludge storage reaches a certain level, the aged sludge is periodically discharged by the sludge discharge pump 5.
[0017] Working Principle: During operation, high-COD and high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater enters the reactor body 1 through the inlet pipe 2. The flow path is optimized by the partition plate 3, allowing the wastewater to smoothly enter the reaction zone. The biological packing material 14 and granular sludge within the reaction zone form a composite reaction system. The biological packing material 14 provides an attachment carrier for microorganisms, while the granular sludge utilizes its internal aerobic and anoxic microenvironment. During aeration, air generated by the air compressor 12 is delivered to each aeration head 13 via the bottom aeration pipe 11. The aeration heads 13 uniformly release bubbles, providing sufficient oxygen for the aerobic microorganisms in the reaction zone and creating an upward airflow that disturbs the water, initially improving the gas-liquid-solid three-phase contact efficiency. Simultaneously, the circulation mechanism starts, with the return pump 7 pumping the pre-treated water from the effluent weir 6 to the jet injector 8. The jet injector 8 introduces air through an air pipe, allowing the return water to fully mix with the air to form a gas-liquid mixture, which is then evenly sprayed onto the upper part of the reaction zone through the distribution holes 10 of the distribution pipe 9. This process achieves both the recycling and reuse of treated water and creates a top-down water distribution effect, forming a two-way mixing with bottom aeration, significantly increasing the contact frequency between pollutants and granular sludge and biological packing material 14. Functional microorganisms such as COD-degrading bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria carried in the wastewater are first adsorbed by the porous structure of the biological packing material 14, providing initial attachment sites and preventing direct loss due to water flow impact. Under the action of the aeration mechanism, the microorganisms fully contact the nutrients in the wastewater. The return water from the circulation mechanism, sprayed through the water distribution holes 10, further disperses the microbial flocs in the water, causing the tiny flocs to aggregate towards the surface of the packing material or a certain area in the water under the dual action of water flow thrust and the adsorption force of the biological packing material 14, forming the initial microbial aggregates. As the reaction continues, the initial microbial aggregates enter the proliferation stage, and the bottom aeration head 13 releases... The uniformly released air bubbles provide sufficient oxygen for the aerobic microorganisms on the outer layer of the aggregate, enabling them to efficiently decompose organic matter and convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen. The metabolic products then provide nutrients for the anoxic microorganisms on the inner layer of the aggregate. When the gas-liquid mixture of the circulation mechanism diffuses to the upper part of the reaction zone through the water distribution hole 10, it not only replenishes local oxygen but also carries some nitrate nitrogen back to the middle and lower parts of the reaction zone, further meeting the metabolic needs of denitrifying bacteria. As the reaction proceeds, microparticles with certain settling properties are gradually formed. The granular sludge produced by the reaction settles to the conical sludge storage area 4 at the bottom of the reactor under the action of gravity. When the sludge storage reaches a certain level, the aged sludge is periodically discharged by the sludge discharge pump 5.
[0018] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, comprising a reactor body (1) and an inlet pipe (2), characterized in that: A partition plate (3) is provided on the inner side of the reactor body (1). The right end of the water inlet pipe (2) penetrates the left side wall of the reactor body (1) and extends into the reactor body (1). A reaction zone is provided on the right side of the partition plate (3). Biological packing material (14) is provided in the reaction zone. An aeration mechanism and a circulation mechanism are provided on the outer side of the reactor body (1). A conical sludge storage area (4) is provided at the lower end of the reactor body (1). The circulation mechanism includes a reflux pump (7), an ejector (8), and a water distribution pipe (9) located inside the reactor body (1).
2. The GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor body (1) has an outlet weir (6) on the right inner wall. The outlet weir (6) is located above the biological packing material (14). The input end of the reflux pump (7) passes through the right side wall of the reactor body (1) and extends into the outlet weir (6). The output end of the reflux pump (7) is connected to the input end of the jet ejector (8). An air pipe is connected to the side wall of the jet ejector (8). The output end of the jet ejector (8) is connected to the water distribution pipe (9) through a connecting pipe. Several water distribution holes (10) are opened on the side wall of the water distribution pipe (9).
3. The GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration mechanism includes an air compressor (12) and a bottom aeration pipe (11). The bottom aeration pipe (11) has several aeration heads (13) at its upper end. The aeration heads (13) are located between the biological packing material (14) and the water distribution pipe (9) in the circulation mechanism. The bottom aeration pipe (11) is connected to the input end of the air compressor (12).
4. The GSR granular sludge reactor for treating high COD and high ammonia nitrogen wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sludge pump (5) is installed below the reactor body (1), and the input end of the sludge pump (5) is connected to the lower end of the conical sludge storage area (4).