A stator and housing press fitting device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of motor tooling technology, specifically to a tooling device for press-fitting a stator to a housing. The tooling device includes a housing clamp, a press-fitting mechanism, and a spring mechanism. The press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting drive component, a mounting post, and a locking component. The mounting post is sleeved on the stator. The press-fitting drive component drives the mounting post to move the stator back and forth between a waiting position and a target position. The locking component locks the stator at the waiting position and unlocks it upon reaching the target position. The spring mechanism includes a movable shaft, a movable drive component, a brush holder, and a spring drive component. The movable shaft is slidably mounted in a sliding slot provided on the mounting post. The movable drive component drives the movable shaft to extend out of its first end. The brush holder is movably sleeved with the output end of the spring drive component. The brush holder and the first through hole are interference-fitted. The spring drive component drives its output end to reciprocate inside and outside the housing through the first through hole. After the stator reaches the target position, the brush holder moves into the housing and pushes against the movable shaft, causing the tension spring to disengage from the movable shaft and engage with the brush holder, which remains inside the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor component assembly tooling technology, and more specifically, to a tooling device for press-fitting a stator and a housing. Background Technology

[0002] In the assembly of equipment such as motors, the press-fitting of the stator to the housing is a critical process, and its quality directly affects the performance and service life of the equipment. Currently, the press-fitting process of the stator to the housing mainly relies on manual assistance or simple tooling. However, in actual operation, due to the large tension of the tension spring, when manually using tools to fit the stator into the annular groove of the brush holder, a significant elastic force must be overcome, making the operation laborious and difficult to achieve precise alignment. During the fitting process, the tool or tension spring is prone to collision and friction with the brush holder, causing damage or deformation to the surface of the brush holder, affecting its fitting accuracy with the carbon brush. At the same time, the instability of manual operation also leads to low assembly efficiency, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production.

[0003] The aforementioned problems have made the stator-casing press-fitting process a bottleneck restricting production efficiency and product quality. There is an urgent need for a special tooling device that can solve the above technical problems in order to achieve automated and high-precision assembly operations. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a tooling device for press-fitting a stator and a housing, which aims to improve the existing problem that when press-fitting a stator and a housing, it is necessary to manually insert the tension spring into the annular groove of the brush holder. This operation is laborious, difficult to accurately align, and easily leads to damage to the brush holder and low assembly efficiency, thus restricting production efficiency and product quality.

[0005] This application provides a tooling device for press-fitting a stator and a housing, wherein the housing has a first through hole for tension spring installation.

[0006] include:

[0007] A housing fixture, used to position and limit the housing at the target workstation;

[0008] A press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting drive component, a mounting column, and a locking component. The outer circumferential surface of the mounting column is used to fit into the inner hole of the stator. The output end of the press-fitting drive component is connected to the mounting column and is used to drive the mounting column to drive the stator to reciprocate between a waiting position and a target position. The locking component is assembled to the mounting column and is used to lock the stator to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting column when the stator is in the waiting position, and to release the lock after the stator reaches the target position.

[0009] A spring-drawing mechanism includes at least one spring-drawing assembly. The spring-drawing assembly includes a movable shaft, a movable drive member, a brush holder, and a spring-drawing drive member. The cylindrical wall of the mounting post is provided with a radially extending sliding groove. The movable shaft is slidably mounted in the sliding groove. The movable drive member is used to drive the movable shaft to slide outward from the mounting post and extend outward from the first end of the movable shaft. The first end of the movable shaft is used to pre-fit the tension spring of the stator. The brush holder is movably sleeved with the output end of the spring-drawing drive member. The brush holder and the first through hole are interference-fitted. The output end of the spring-drawing drive member is provided with a flange. The flange abuts against the end face of the brush holder axially away from the housing. The spring-drawing drive member is used to drive its output end to reciprocate between the inner and outer sides of the housing through the first through hole. When the output end moves towards the inner side of the housing, the flange drives the brush holder to move synchronously.

[0010] After the mounting post drives the stator to the target position, the brush holder moves through the first through hole to the inside of the housing until it pushes against the movable shaft. After being stressed, the movable shaft retracts along the sliding slot to the inside of the mounting post, so that the tension spring disengages from the movable shaft and is sleeved on the outer circumference of the brush holder under its own tension. Subsequently, the spring drive component resets, and the brush holder remains in the housing due to the interference fit with the first through hole, thus completing the tension spring assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the housing has a second through hole for the winding leads to pass through;

[0012] The tooling device also includes a lead wire mechanism, which includes a lead wire drive and a guide tube. The guide tube has an outlet channel for the winding lead wire to pass through, and the lead wire drive is connected to the guide tube. When the stator is in the waiting position, the winding lead wire of the stator passes through the outlet channel. When the pressing drive drives the stator to move from the waiting position to the target position, the lead wire drive synchronously drives the guide tube to move from the inside to the outside of the housing through the second through hole to guide the winding lead wire to pass out from the second through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the locking element is configured as a ball-head plunger, the ball-head plunger including a plunger, a ball head and an elastic element, the plunger having an axially extending mounting groove, the ball head being fitted into the open end of the mounting groove, and the elastic element being housed within the mounting groove with its two ends respectively connected to the inner side of the ball head and the inner wall of the mounting groove;

[0014] The outer peripheral wall of the mounting post is provided with a radially extending mounting hole. The plug is fixedly installed in the mounting hole. A portion of the ball head protrudes from the opening end of the mounting hole and is exposed to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting post. The ball head is used to elastically abut against the inner wall of the stator when the stator is sleeved to form circumferential positioning.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting column has an axially extending ventilation channel inside, the ventilation channel is connected to the sliding groove hole, and the second end of the movable shaft is installed in the ventilation channel;

[0016] The active drive component includes an air compressor, the air outlet of which is connected to the ventilation channel.

[0017] Preferably, the stator has a connecting hole on its end face, the press-fitting drive is configured as a pneumatic / hydraulic cylinder, a connecting seat is provided between the output shaft of the press-fitting drive and the mounting column, the connecting seat is provided with a guide rod extending axially along the mounting column, and the guide rod is used to pass through the connecting hole of the stator.

[0018] Preferably, the tooling device for pressing the stator and housing further includes an electrical control assembly, which includes a controller, a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, and a fifth sensor. The first sensor is used to detect whether the housing is in the target position; the second sensor is used to detect whether the stator is in the waiting position; the third sensor is used to detect whether the winding leads of the stator are passed through the lead-out channel; the fourth sensor is used to detect whether the stator is in the target position; and the fifth sensor is used to detect whether the brush holder is in the target position.

[0019] The controller is connected to the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, the fourth sensor, the fifth sensor, the movable drive, the spring drive, and the press-fit drive.

[0020] Preferably, there are multiple mounting holes, and the multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer periphery of the mounting post.

[0021] Preferably, the tooling device for pressing the stator and housing further includes a frame and a worktable fixedly connected to the frame, wherein the housing clamp and the spring drive are both mounted on the worktable, and the pressing drive is mounted on the frame.

[0022] Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the brush holder is provided with an annular groove.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing provided in this application achieves at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing provided in this application includes a housing clamp, a press-fitting mechanism, and a spring mechanism. The housing clamp restricts the displacement of the housing, ensuring that the housing remains in a constant position during press-fitting and tension spring assembly. The press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting drive component, a mounting post, and a locking component. The press-fitting drive component provides driving force and transmits the power to the mounting post through a rigid connection between its output end and the mounting post, causing the mounting post to move in a directional manner. The mounting post, as a motion carrier, transmits the motion to the stator through the fitting of its outer circumferential surface with the inner hole of the stator, realizing the press-fitting of the stator into the housing. The locking component locks the stator at the waiting position, ensuring the stability of the stator's position during the press-fitting process. The spring traction mechanism includes at least one spring traction assembly, the number of which is the same as the number of tension springs on the stator. Each spring traction assembly includes a movable shaft, a movable drive component, a brush holder, and the spring drive component. After the stator is assembled and locked in place at the waiting position, the movable drive component drives the movable shaft to move radially along the sliding slot, causing the first end of the movable shaft to extend out of the sliding slot. This operation causes the tension spring to be sleeved on the first end of the movable shaft, providing support for the tension spring. After the mounting column drives the stator to the target position, the brush holder moves axially along the first through hole under the drive of the spring drive component. Its movement trajectory matches the radial movement of the movable shaft. When the brush holder pushes against the movable shaft, the retraction of the movable shaft causes the tension spring to lose support. Under tension, the tension spring naturally sleeves on the outer circumference of the brush holder, achieving a seamless transfer from the movable shaft to the brush holder. This replaces manual operation to overcome the problem of high tension in the tension spring, and simultaneously realizes the press-fitting of the stator and the housing and the assembly of the tension spring, effectively improving the stability and efficiency of the assembly process.

[0025] Furthermore, during operation, the transfer of the tension spring from the movable shaft to the brush holder is precisely completed through mechanical alignment, replacing the collisions and friction that may occur when manually using tools for placement. This effectively avoids damage or deformation to the brush holder surface, ensuring the fitting accuracy between the brush holder and the carbon brush, thereby improving assembly quality. In addition, through the positioning and limiting of the housing fixture, the automated drive of the pressing mechanism, and the orderly movement of the spring mechanism, the coordinated automated operation of stator pressing and tension spring assembly is achieved. This reduces the number of manual intervention steps and time, as well as the quality fluctuations caused by the instability of manual operation, significantly improving assembly efficiency and quality, and meeting the demand for high-efficiency assembly in mass production.

[0026] Of course, any product implementing this application need not specifically need to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.

[0027] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the intermediate pressure assembly mechanism, the spring mechanism, and the guide tube;

[0031] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a tooling device for press-fitting a stator and a housing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 The diagram shows the positional relationship between the housing and the spring mechanism.

[0033] Figure 5 The diagram shown is an assembly structure diagram of the spring mechanism, lead wire mechanism and pressing mechanism in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 As shown Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 As shown Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the mounting column in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the locking element in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 The figure shown is a three-dimensional view of the stator structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 10-Stator, 11-Winding lead wire, 12-Connecting hole, 13-Tension spring, 20-Housing, 21-Second through hole, 22-First through hole, 100-Housing fixture, 200-Pressure fitting mechanism, 210-Pressure fitting drive, 220-Mounting post, 221-Sliding slot hole, 222-Mounting hole, 223-Ventilation channel, 230-Locking element, 231-Plug, 2311-Mounting groove, 232-Ball head, 233-Elastic element, 300-Spring mechanism, 310-Moving shaft, 330-Brush holder, 331-Annular groove, 340-Spring drive, 400-Lead wire mechanism, 410-Lead wire drive, 420-Conduit, 510-Connecting seat, 511-Guide rod, 610-Frame, 620-Workbench, 630-Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0042] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.

[0043] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0044] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0045] Various modifications and variations can be made to this application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this application is intended to cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents. It should be noted that the embodiments provided in this application can be combined with each other without contradiction.

[0046] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0047] Figure 1 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown Figure 1Schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the intermediate pressure assembly mechanism, the spring mechanism, and the guide tube. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing according to an embodiment of this application during the initial preparation stage. Figure 4 The diagram shows the positional relationship between the housing and the spring mechanism.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a tooling device for press-fitting a stator and a housing, used to press the stator 10 into the housing 20 from the open end of the housing 20. The stator 10 is provided with a tension spring 13, and the housing 20 has a first through hole 22 for the installation of the tension spring 13.

[0049] The tooling device includes a housing clamp 100, a pressing mechanism, and a spring mechanism 300.

[0050] The housing fixture 100 is used to position and limit the housing 20 at the target workstation.

[0051] The press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting drive component 210, a mounting column 220, and a locking component 230. The outer peripheral surface of the mounting column 220 is used to fit into the inner hole of the stator 10. The output end of the press-fitting drive component 210 is connected to the mounting column 220 and is used to drive the mounting column 220 to move the stator 10 back and forth between the waiting position and the target position. The locking component 230 is installed on the mounting column 220 and is used to lock the stator 10 to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting column 220 when it is in the waiting position and to release the lock after the stator 10 reaches the target position.

[0052] The spring mechanism 300 includes at least one spring assembly, which includes a movable shaft 310, a movable drive member, a brush holder 330, and a spring drive member 340. The cylindrical wall of the mounting post 220 is provided with a radially extending sliding slot 221. The movable shaft 310 is slidably mounted in the sliding slot 221. The movable drive member is used to drive the movable shaft 310 to slide outward of the mounting post 220 to extend the first end of the movable shaft 310. The first end of the movable shaft 310 is used to pre-fit the tension spring 13 of the stator 10. (Not shown in the figure); The output end of the brush holder 330 and the spring drive 340 are movably connected. The brush holder 330 and the first through hole 22 are interference fit. The output end of the spring drive 340 is provided with a flange. The flange abuts against the end face of the brush holder 330 away from the housing 20 along the axial direction. The spring drive 340 is used to drive its output end to reciprocate between the inside and outside of the housing 20 through the first through hole 22. When the output end moves towards the inside of the housing 20, the flange drives the brush holder 330 to move synchronously.

[0053] After the mounting post 220 drives the stator 10 to the target position, the brush holder 330 moves through the first through hole 22 to the inside of the housing 20 to push the movable shaft 310. After the movable shaft 310 is subjected to force, it retracts along the sliding groove 221 to the inside of the mounting post 220, so that the tension spring 13 is disengaged from the movable shaft 310 and sleeved on the outer circumference of the brush holder 330 under its own tension. Then the spring drive 340 is reset, and the brush holder 330 remains in the housing 20 due to the interference fit with the first through hole 22, thus completing the assembly of the tension spring 13.

[0054] The tooling device provided in this embodiment operates as follows:

[0055] Initial preparation stage: The machine housing 20 is placed in the machine housing fixture 100, and the machine housing 20 is positioned and limited by the machine housing fixture 100 to ensure that the second through hole 21 and the first through hole 22 of the machine housing 20 are fixed in position; The stator 10 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting post 220. At this time, the locking member 230 locks the stator 10 in the waiting position to prevent the stator 10 from sliding relative to the mounting post 220; Then, the movable drive is started, and the movable drive drives the movable shaft 310 to slide to the outside of the mounting post 220 to extend the first end of the movable shaft 310. The tension spring 13 of the stator 10 is pre-sleeved on the first end of the movable shaft 310.

[0056] Stator 10 pressing stage: Pressing drive 210 starts, driving mounting column 220 to move stator 10 from the waiting position to the target position, that is, stator 10 is gradually pressed into the housing 20 from the open end of the housing 20; during the movement, mounting column 220 remains stable, and stator 10 moves synchronously with mounting column 220 under the action of locking member 230 until it reaches the target position in the housing 20. After that, locking member 230 releases the lock on stator 10, and mounting column 220 returns to the waiting position from the target position.

[0057] During the transfer and assembly stage of the tension spring 13: the spring drive 340 is activated, driving the brush holder 330 to move from the outside to the inside through the first through hole 22 of the housing 20. During the movement, the brush holder 330 gradually approaches the movable shaft 310. When the end of the brush holder 330 pushes against the movable shaft 310, the movable shaft 310 is forced and retracts along the sliding groove 221 towards the inside of the mounting post 220. The tension spring 13 disengages from the first end of the movable shaft 310 and, under its own tension, is fitted onto the outer circumference of the brush holder 330. Finally, the spring drive 340 is reset, and the output end of the spring drive 340 moves from the inside to the outside of the housing 20. The brush holder 330 remains inside the housing 20 due to the interference fit with the first through hole 22, completing the assembly of the tension spring 13.

[0058] In this embodiment, the tooling device includes a housing clamp 100, a pressing mechanism, and a spring mechanism 300. The housing clamp 100 restricts the displacement of the housing 20, ensuring that the position of the housing 20 remains unchanged during the pressing and assembly of the tension spring 13. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing drive 210, a mounting post 220, and a locking member 230. The pressing drive 210 provides driving force and transmits the power to the mounting post 220 through a rigid connection between its output end and the mounting post 220, causing the mounting post 220 to generate directional movement. The mounting post 220, as a motion carrier, transmits the movement to the stator 10 through the fitting of its outer circumferential surface with the inner hole of the stator 10, realizing the pressing of the stator 10 into the housing 20. The locking member 230 locks the stator 10 at the waiting position, ensuring the stability of the stator 10's position during the pressing process. The spring traction mechanism 300 includes at least one spring traction assembly, the number of which is the same as the number of tension springs 13 on the stator. Each spring traction assembly includes a movable shaft 310, a movable drive member, a brush holder 330, and a spring drive member 340. After the stator 10 is assembled and locked in place at the waiting position, the movable drive member drives the movable shaft 310 to move radially along the sliding slot 221, causing the first end of the movable shaft 310 to extend out of the sliding slot 221. This operation causes the tension spring 13 to be sleeved on the first end of the movable shaft 310, providing support for the tension spring 13. The mounting post 220 then drives the stator 10 to the target position. Subsequently, the brush holder 330 moves axially along the first through hole 22 under the drive of the spring drive 340. Its movement trajectory matches the radial movement of the movable shaft 310. When the brush holder 330 pushes against the movable shaft 310, the retraction of the movable shaft 310 causes the tension spring 13 to lose its support. Under the tension drive, the tension spring 13 naturally fits onto the outer circumference of the brush holder 330, realizing a seamless transfer from the movable shaft 310 to the brush holder 330. This replaces manual operation to overcome the problem of high tension of the tension spring 13. The pressing of the stator 10 and the housing 20 and the assembly of the tension spring 13 are realized simultaneously, which can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of the assembly process.

[0059] Furthermore, during operation, the transfer of the tension spring 13 from the movable shaft 310 to the brush holder 330 is precisely completed through mechanical docking, replacing the collisions and friction that may occur when manually using tools for placement. This effectively avoids damage or deformation to the surface of the brush holder 330, ensuring the fitting accuracy between the brush holder 330 and the carbon brush, thereby improving assembly quality. In addition, through the positioning and limiting of the housing fixture 100, the automated drive of the pressing mechanism, and the orderly movement of the spring mechanism 300, the coordinated automated operation of the stator 10 pressing and tension spring 13 assembly is realized. This reduces the number of manual intervention steps and time, as well as the quality fluctuations caused by the instability of manual operation, significantly improving assembly efficiency and quality, and meeting the demand for efficient assembly in mass production.

[0060] Figure 5 The diagram shown is an assembly structure schematic of the spring mechanism, lead wire mechanism, and pressing mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 As shown Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0061] In the existing technology, during the installation of the stator 10 and the housing 20, after the mounting post 220 drives the stator 10 to the target position, it is necessary to ensure that the winding leads 11 of the stator 10 can pass through the second through hole 21 of the housing 20. However, since the working space of the pressing process is usually quite small, the operation of passing through the winding leads 11 is greatly restricted. This not only makes precise alignment difficult but also increases the difficulty of the operation and affects the assembly efficiency. At the same time, when the stator 10 is pressed into the housing, the winding leads 11 are often in a slack state. In this state, the winding leads 11 are easily squeezed and clamped during the pressing process, i.e., wire clamping occurs, which leads to damage to the stator 10, increasing the product defect rate and production costs.

[0062] Therefore, see Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments, the housing 20 has a second through hole 21 through which the winding lead 11 passes; the tooling device also includes a lead mechanism 400, which includes a lead drive 410 and a conduit 420. The conduit 420 is provided with an outlet channel for the winding lead 11 to pass through, and the lead drive 410 is connected to the conduit 420; when the stator 10 is in the waiting position, the winding lead 11 of the stator 10 passes through the outlet channel; when the press drive 210 drives the stator 10 to move from the waiting position to the target position, the lead drive 410 synchronously drives the conduit 420 to move from the inside to the outside of the housing 20 through the second through hole 21 to guide the winding lead 11 to pass through the second through hole 21.

[0063] In the initial preparation stage of the tooling device provided in this embodiment, the winding lead 11 of the stator 10 is inserted into the outlet channel of the guide tube 420, and the winding lead 11 is initially positioned by the guide tube 420. During the stator 10 pressing stage, when the pressing drive 210 drives the mounting column 220 to move the stator 10 towards the target position, the lead wire mechanism 400 moves synchronously and adaptively with the stator 10, always constraining the winding lead 11 and guiding it towards the second through hole 21, preventing the winding lead 11 from loosening or shifting. The working process of the tooling device also includes a winding lead 11 exiting stage: when the stator 10 approaches the target position, the winding lead 11, under the action of the lead wire mechanism 400, accurately passes through the second through hole 21 of the housing 20. As the stator 10 fully reaches the target position, the winding lead 11 smoothly exits from the second through hole 21 to the outside of the housing 20, completing the exiting operation of the winding lead 11.

[0064] In this embodiment, the tooling device also includes a lead wire mechanism 400, which includes a lead wire drive 410 and a guide tube 420. The guide tube 420 with an outlet channel is adapted to the winding lead wire 11 to restrict the radial displacement of the winding lead wire 11, so that the winding lead wire 11 can only move along the axial direction of the guide tube 420, ensuring that its movement trajectory matches the position of the second through hole 21, thus solving the problem of difficulty in passing the winding lead wire 11 out from the root. The lead wire mechanism 400 is linked with the pressing mechanism. During the pressing process of the stator 10, the movement speed and direction of the lead wire mechanism 400 are coordinated with the stator 10, so that the winding lead wire 11 is always in a taut state rather than a slack state, avoiding the wire clamping phenomenon caused by the inconsistency of the relative movement speed between the stator 10 and the winding lead wire 11, and ensuring that the winding lead wire 11 is passed out smoothly and safely. This tooling device, through the lead wire mechanism 400, can provide stable constraint on the winding lead wire 11, ensuring that the lead wire always moves along the preset path during the stator 10 pressing process. This avoids the problem of the winding lead wire 11 being unable to pass through the second through hole 21 due to deviation, reduces the risk of wire clamping, and ensures the integrity of the winding lead wire 11. Furthermore, the operator does not need to manually adjust the position of the winding lead wire 11, realizing the coordinated automated operation of stator 10 pressing and winding lead wire 11, reducing manual intervention, further reducing the difficulty of operation, and further improving assembly efficiency and quality.

[0065] Figure 7 As shown Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0066] See Figure 3 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the brush holder 330 is provided with an annular groove 331. Thus, after the mounting post 220 drives the stator 10 to the target position, when the brush holder 330 pushes against the movable shaft 310, the retraction of the movable shaft 310 causes the tension spring 13 to lose support. The annular groove 331 of the brush holder 330 is exactly within the tension range of the tension spring 13. Under the drive of tension, the tension spring 13 naturally fits into the groove, realizing a seamless transfer from the movable shaft 310 to the brush holder 330. At the same time, the groove wall of the annular groove 331 has a certain limiting effect on the tension spring 13, which can limit the movement of the tension spring 13 on the outer periphery of the brush holder 330 through radial constraint, thereby reducing or even avoiding the occurrence of the tension spring 13 coming off, shifting, or accidentally separating from the brush holder 330 after being fitted onto the brush holder 330. Ultimately, this significantly improves the accuracy, stability, and overall assembly efficiency of the tension spring 13 assembly.

[0067] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the mounting column in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the locking element 230 in an embodiment of this application.

[0068] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the locking member 230 is configured as a ball-head plunger, which includes a plunger 231, a ball head 232, and an elastic member 233. The plunger 231 has an axially extending mounting groove 2311, the ball head 232 is fitted into the open end of the mounting groove 2311, and the elastic member 233 is housed in the mounting groove 2311 with its two ends connected to the inner side of the ball head 232 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 2311, respectively. The outer peripheral wall of the mounting post 220 has a radially extending mounting hole 222. The plunger 231 can be fixedly installed in the mounting hole 222 by means of interference fit or threaded connection, etc. A portion of the ball head 232 protrudes from the open end of the mounting hole 222 and is exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting post 220. The ball head 232 is used to elastically abut against the inner wall of the stator 10 when the stator 10 is sleeved to form circumferential positioning.

[0069] In this embodiment, the ball head 232 of the ball plunger always has an outward preload under the action of the elastic element 233. When the stator 10 is sleeved on the mounting post 220, the ball head 232 elastically abuts against the inner wall of the stator 10, forming a stable circumferential positioning constraint, which can effectively prevent the stator 10 from rotating circumferentially or shifting axially during the press-fitting process, and ensure the reliable connection between the stator 10 and the mounting post 220 in the waiting position.

[0070] The ball head 232 makes point contact with the inner wall of the stator 10, and the flexible contact is achieved through the elastic element 233, rather than rigid collision or compression. This contact method can greatly reduce the risk of wear or scratches on the inner wall of the stator 10, protect the structural integrity of the stator 10, and is especially suitable for stator 10 components with high inner hole precision requirements.

[0071] The elasticity of the elastic element 233 allows the protrusion of the ball head 232 to be adaptively adjusted according to the actual size of the inner hole of the stator 10. When there is a slight dimensional deviation in the inner hole of the stator 10, the ball head 232 can achieve a good fit by compressing or extending the elastic element 233. It can adapt to stators 10 of different specifications within a certain range without replacing the locking element 230, thus expanding the applicability of the tooling device, having high versatility, and reducing the cost and time of changing tooling due to changes in the stator 10 model.

[0072] During the process of fitting the stator 10 onto the mounting post 220, the ball head 232 is automatically retracted into the mounting hole 222 by the pressure of the inner hole wall, facilitating the quick insertion of the stator 10. After the stator 10 is fitted into the mounting post 220, the ball head 232 automatically pops out under the action of the elastic element 233 and abuts against the inner hole wall of the stator 10, achieving automatic locking. When the stator 10 reaches the target station and needs to be unlocked, because the stator 10 and the inner hole of the housing 20 are interference fit, the two are fixedly connected after press fitting. Then, the press fitting drive 210 drives the mounting post 220 to reset (i.e., move from the target station to the waiting station). At this time, the housing 20 is limited and fixed by the housing clamp 100, the stator 10 remains stationary relative to the housing 20, the mounting post 220 moves, and the ball head 232 can retract again under the reverse force of the inner hole wall of the stator 10, without the need for additional unlocking operation, simplifying the process and improving assembly efficiency.

[0073] In some embodiments, the mounting post 220 has an axially extending ventilation channel 223 inside, the ventilation channel 223 is connected to the sliding slot 221, and the second end of the movable shaft 310 is installed in the ventilation channel 223; the movable drive component includes an air compressor, and the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the ventilation channel 223.

[0074] In this embodiment, compressed air generated by the air compressor is transmitted to the second end of the movable shaft 310 through the ventilation channel 223. The pressure difference forms a uniform and continuous driving force, pushing the movable shaft 310 to slide out along the sliding slot 221. The pneumatic transmission has the characteristic of rapid response. By controlling the start / stop of the air compressor or the air pressure, the extension (and retraction) of the movable shaft 310 can be quickly adjusted. In one specific embodiment, when the stator 10 is in the waiting position and locked to the mounting post 220 by the locking member 230, the movable drive member can quickly drive the movable shaft 310 to extend outward along the sliding slot to the outside of the mounting post 220. After the tension spring 13 is pre-fitted onto the movable shaft 310, the stator 10 is driven by the mounting post 220 to the target position. At this time, the air pressure in the ventilation channel 223 is released, and the brush holder 330 moves towards the inside of the housing 20 through the first through hole 22 until it pushes against the movable shaft 310, so that the movable shaft 310 is reset, and the tension spring 13 is transferred to the brush holder 330 after losing the support of the movable shaft 310.

[0075] Figure 10 The figure shown is a three-dimensional view of the stator structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] In some embodiments, the end face of the stator 10 is provided with a connecting hole 12, the press-fitting drive 210 is configured as a pneumatic / hydraulic cylinder, and a connecting seat 510 is provided between the output shaft of the press-fitting drive 210 and the mounting post 220. The connecting seat 510 is provided with a guide rod 511 extending axially along the mounting post 220, and the guide rod 511 is used to pass through the connecting hole 12 of the stator 10. In this way, when the press-fitting drive 210 pushes the mounting post 220 to move the stator 10 towards the target station, the guide rod 511 can effectively limit the radial displacement deviation of the stator 10, ensuring that the relative position of the stator 10 and the housing 20 remains highly aligned during the docking process.

[0077] See Figures 1 to 6 In some embodiments, the tooling device further includes an electrical control assembly, which includes a controller, a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, and a fifth sensor. The first sensor is used to detect whether the housing 20 is in the target position, the second sensor is used to detect whether the stator 10 is in the waiting position, the third sensor is used to detect whether the winding lead 11 of the stator 10 is passed through the lead-out channel, the fourth sensor is used to detect whether the stator 10 is in the target position, and the fifth sensor is used to detect whether the brush holder 330 is in the target position. The controller is connected to the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, the fourth sensor, the fifth sensor, the movable drive, the spring drive 340, and the press-fit drive 210.

[0078] In this embodiment, five dedicated sensors cover key nodes throughout the assembly process. The controller receives sensor signals, determines the working conditions, and drives the actuators, forming a closed loop of "confirming conditions before starting the action," completely avoiding assembly failures caused by "failure of the preceding process." The specific working process is as follows: 1) Housing 20 positioning confirmation: The first sensor detects whether the housing 20 is accurately fixed in the "target position" by the housing fixture 100. Only when the first sensor sends a "housing 20 in position" signal to the controller will the controller allow the pressing mechanism 200 to start. If the housing 20 is offset / not locked, the controller will directly pause subsequent actions to avoid coaxiality deviation between the stator 10 and the housing 20 during pressing (such as deformation of the housing 20 or scratches on the inner hole of the stator 10 due to misalignment of the stator 10). 2) Stator 10 positioning confirmation: The second sensor detects whether the stator 10 is stably positioned in the "positioning position" of the mounting post 220 (i.e., the stator 10 has completed pre-positioning and is ready for pressing). The controller will only send a command to the moving drive component (such as the moving drive component driving the moving shaft 310 to extend) after receiving the "stator 10 in position" signal. If the moving shaft 310 is started before the stator 10 is in position, it will cause the tension spring 13 to be misaligned. Closed-loop control can completely avoid this problem. 3) Winding lead 11 insertion confirmation: The third sensor detects whether the winding lead 11 of the stator 10 has been inserted into the "outlet channel" of the guide tube 420. If the winding lead 11 is not inserted in place (such as the winding lead 11 is stuck at the entrance of the guide tube 420), the controller will prohibit the pressing drive component 210 and the lead drive component 410 from moving synchronously to avoid the winding lead 11 being pulled and broken during pressing (protecting the integrity of the stator 10 winding and reducing the defect rate). 4) Stator 10 Press-fit Confirmation: The fourth sensor detects whether the stator 10 has been accurately pushed to the "target position" by the press-fit mechanism 200 (i.e., the press-fitting of the stator 10 and the housing 20 is in place). Only after confirming that the press-fitting is up to standard will the controller drive the brush holder 330 of the spring mechanism 300 to move inward toward the housing 20. If the brush holder 330 is started before the stator 10 is pressed in place, the tension spring 13 will not be accurately fitted into the preset position of the housing 20. Closed-loop control can ensure the accuracy of this critical process. 5) Brush Holder 330 Position Confirmation: The fifth sensor detects whether the brush holder 330 has moved to the target position of "pushing the movable shaft 310" through the first through hole 22 (i.e., the tension spring 13 has disengaged from the movable shaft 310 and is fitted onto the brush holder 330). Only after the controller confirms this will it drive the spring drive 340 to move outward toward the housing 20. If the brush holder 330 does not reach its position before the spring drive component 340 retracts, it will cause the tension spring 13 to fall off or be missed in assembly. Closed-loop control can ensure the final effect of the tension spring 13 assembly.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the actions of the pressing mechanism 200, the spring mechanism 300, and the lead wire mechanism 400 are coordinated and synchronized through unified scheduling by the controller, achieving "coordinated linkage" among multiple mechanisms and improving assembly efficiency and consistency. Specifically, the pressing and lead wire 11 are synchronized: when the first, second, and third sensors all return qualified signals, the controller will simultaneously send instructions to the "pressing drive 210" and the "lead wire drive 410": the pressing drive 210 drives the stator 10 to move towards the target station, and the lead wire drive 410 simultaneously drives the guide tube 420 to move outward of the housing 20 through the second through hole 21—the two actions are completely synchronized, ensuring that the lead wire 11 can be smoothly guided out of the housing 20 by the guide tube 420, avoiding jamming and wrinkling of the lead wire 11 due to asynchronous actions (improving the smoothness of lead wire 11 lead wire lead out). Press-fitting and spring engagement: After the stator 10 is pressed into place (passed detection by the fourth sensor), the controller immediately switches instructions: stop the press-fitting drive 210 and start the spring engagement drive 340 to drive the brush holder 330 to move inward; after the brush holder 330 is in place (passed detection by the fifth sensor), the output axis of the spring engagement drive 340 moves outward—the entire process requires no manual intervention and the action connection is seamless. Compared with the manually controlled "wait-judgment-start" process, this significantly improves assembly efficiency (especially suitable for mass production scenarios). In this embodiment, the start timing and stroke of all actions are executed by the controller according to preset logic, unaffected by human operation errors (such as visual judgment deviations or inconsistent operating speeds), ensuring that the assembly process and key parameters (such as press-fitting depth and spring 13 assembly position) of each workpiece are completely consistent, greatly improving the product qualification rate.

[0080] In practical implementation, the electronic control components can actively identify abnormal operating conditions and trigger protection. When any sensor fails to detect a qualified signal (or detects an abnormal signal), the controller will immediately cut off the power to the actuator (such as stopping the pressing drive 210 and the moving drive), avoiding hardware damage caused by forced operation and reducing the risk of equipment and workpiece damage. For example, if the housing 20 is not in place (the first sensor has no signal), but the pressing start button is accidentally pressed manually, the controller will directly intercept the command to prevent the stator 10 from impacting the offset housing 20 (protecting the housing 20 and stator 10 from damage by external impact). If the winding lead 11 is not threaded (the third sensor has no signal), the controller will prohibit the lead drive 410 from starting, while preventing the winding lead 11 from being squeezed and deformed during pressing (reducing equipment maintenance costs and workpiece scrap rate). If the brush holder 330 becomes stuck (the fifth sensor does not provide a signal for an extended period), the controller will determine that the spring is malfunctioning, immediately stop the spring drive 340 and issue an alarm to prevent the spring drive 340 from being overloaded and burned out (to protect the core components of the spring mechanism 300, such as the motor and cylinder).

[0081] Furthermore, this embodiment completely replaces the manual "confirmation-intervention" process by automatically detecting with sensors and making decisions with the controller. It can automatically complete the stator 10 pressing, lead wire guidance, and tension spring 13 assembly without manual supervision, greatly reducing labor costs. At the same time, it is easy to trace the assembly data of each workpiece (such as sensor detection records and action sequence).

[0082] See Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, there are multiple mounting holes 222, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the outer periphery of the mounting post 220. This allows the ball-head plunger to elastically abut against the inner wall of the stator 10 from multiple directions, enhancing the stability of the locking between the stator 10 and the mounting post 220 and preventing the stator 10 from tilting during press-fitting. Simultaneously, the evenly distributed force ensures more balanced stress on the stator 10, reducing damage to the stator 10 caused by localized compression.

[0083] In some embodiments, the tooling device further includes a frame 610 and a worktable 620 fixedly connected to the frame 610. The housing clamp 100 and the spring drive 340 are both mounted on the worktable 620, and the press-fit drive 210 is mounted on the frame 610. Thus, the frame 610 and the worktable 620 provide rigid support for each component, and the worktable 620 provides a stable operating platform, facilitating auxiliary operation and conforming to ergonomics, improving convenience and facilitating production site layout.

[0084] In practice, a protective cover 630 is provided around the workbench 620. The protective cover 630 serves to reduce noise, isolate external interference, and protect the staff.

[0085] While specific embodiments of this application have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tooling device for press-fitting a stator to a housing, wherein the housing has a first through hole for tension spring installation; Its features are, include: A housing fixture, used to position and limit the housing at the target workstation; The press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting drive component, a mounting column, and a locking component. The outer peripheral surface of the mounting column is used to fit into the inner hole of the stator. The output end of the press-fitting drive component is connected to the mounting column and is used to drive the mounting column to drive the stator to reciprocate between a waiting position and a target position. The locking component is assembled on the mounting column and is used to lock the stator to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting column when the stator is in the waiting position, and to release the lock after the stator reaches the target position. and A spring-drawing mechanism includes at least one spring-drawing assembly. The spring-drawing assembly includes a movable shaft, a movable drive member, a brush holder, and a spring-drawing drive member. The cylindrical wall of the mounting post is provided with a radially extending sliding groove. The movable shaft is slidably mounted in the sliding groove. The movable drive member is used to drive the movable shaft to slide outward from the mounting post and extend outward from the first end of the movable shaft. The first end of the movable shaft is used to pre-fit the tension spring of the stator. The brush holder is movably sleeved with the output end of the spring-drawing drive member. The brush holder and the first through hole are interference-fitted. The output end of the spring-drawing drive member is provided with a flange. The flange abuts against the end face of the brush holder axially away from the housing. The spring-drawing drive member is used to drive its output end to reciprocate between the inner and outer sides of the housing through the first through hole. When the output end moves towards the inner side of the housing, the flange drives the brush holder to move synchronously. After the mounting post drives the stator to the target position, the brush holder moves through the first through hole to the inside of the housing until it pushes against the movable shaft. After being stressed, the movable shaft retracts along the sliding slot to the inside of the mounting post, so that the tension spring disengages from the movable shaft and is sleeved on the outer circumference of the brush holder under its own tension. Subsequently, the spring drive component resets, and the brush holder remains in the housing due to the interference fit with the first through hole, thus completing the tension spring assembly.

2. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has a second through hole for the winding leads to pass through; The tooling device also includes a lead wire mechanism, which includes a lead wire drive and a guide tube. The guide tube has an outlet channel for the winding lead wire to pass through, and the lead wire drive is connected to the guide tube. When the stator is in the waiting position, the winding lead wire of the stator passes through the outlet channel. When the pressing drive drives the stator to move from the waiting position to the target position, the lead wire drive synchronously drives the guide tube to move from the inside to the outside of the housing through the second through hole to guide the winding lead wire to pass out from the second through hole.

3. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The locking element is configured as a ball-head plunger, which includes a plunger, a ball head, and an elastic element. The plunger has an axially extending mounting groove. The ball head is fitted into the open end of the mounting groove. The elastic element is housed in the mounting groove and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner side of the ball head and the inner wall of the mounting groove. The outer peripheral wall of the mounting post is provided with a radially extending mounting hole. The plug is fixedly installed in the mounting hole. A portion of the ball head protrudes from the opening end of the mounting hole and is exposed to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting post. The ball head is used to elastically abut against the inner wall of the stator when the stator is sleeved to form circumferential positioning.

4. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting column has an axially extending ventilation channel inside, which communicates with the sliding groove hole, and the second end of the movable shaft is installed in the ventilation channel. The active drive component includes an air compressor, the air outlet of which is connected to the ventilation channel.

5. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stator has a connecting hole on its end face. The press-fitting drive is configured as a pneumatic / hydraulic cylinder. A connecting seat is provided between the output shaft of the press-fitting drive and the mounting column. The connecting seat has a guide rod extending axially along the mounting column. The guide rod is used to pass through the connecting hole of the stator.

6. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an electronic control component, which includes a controller, a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, and a fifth sensor. The first sensor is used to detect whether the housing is in the target position, the second sensor is used to detect whether the stator is in the waiting position, and the third sensor is used to detect whether the winding lead of the stator is passed through the output channel. The fourth sensor is used to detect whether the stator is in the target position, and the fifth sensor is used to detect whether the brush holder is in the target position. The controller is connected to the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, the fourth sensor, the fifth sensor, the movable drive, the spring drive, and the press-fit drive.

7. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of mounting holes is multiple, and the multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer periphery of the mounting post.

8. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a frame and a worktable fixedly connected to the frame. The housing clamp and the spring drive are both mounted on the worktable, and the press-fit drive is mounted on the frame.

9. The tooling device for press-fitting the stator and housing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the brush holder is provided with an annular groove.

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