A compact cold cathode ray machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to ray detection technical field, specifically disclose a compact cold cathode ray machine, including X ray generating device, electric appliance control box, lithium cell and shell, X ray generating device is the ray tube of built -in vacuum electron accelerating cavity, electric appliance control box is connected with lithium cell electricity and will lithium cell provided direct current voltage regulation to 100Kv 180Kv again with the cold cathode field emission array and rotating anode target of installation in the ray tube near both ends position electricity is connected, the lateral wall of ray tube is by the vacuum sealing layer of setting from inside to outside in proper order, electrical insulation layer, X ray shielding layer and mechanical support layer composition. The utility model adopts four layer compound lateral wall to realize " vacuum - insulation - shielding - support " integration, and the weight reduces 50% than traditional design, in the power drive aspect, adopts SiC LLC topology to make power volume < 0.5L, and power density can reach 8kW / L.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of X-ray detection technology, and more particularly to the field of portable, lightweight, and miniaturized X-ray detection technology, specifically to a compact cold cathode X-ray machine. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the core technologies of non-destructive testing, X-rays, with their excellent penetrating power, are widely used in medical diagnosis, industrial flaw detection, and materials analysis. Achieving X-ray imaging requires two key components: a device that generates rays (usually called an X-ray source or generator) and a detector for receiving and forming images. This technology reveals information about the internal structure of an object in a non-destructive manner.

[0003] The physical mechanism of X-ray generation is as follows: high-speed electrons are abruptly decelerated under the influence of a strong Coulomb field in the atomic nucleus, and their lost kinetic energy is converted into photon radiation. Based on the different methods of electron excitation, X-ray sources are mainly divided into hot cathode and cold cathode types. Hot cathode sources heat the cathode to a high temperature of approximately 2000°C, allowing electrons to gain enough energy to overcome the work function of the material and thus emit radiation. This method requires continuous power to maintain the high temperature, resulting in significant energy consumption and heat dissipation requirements. In contrast, cold cathode sources utilize a strong electric field or electron bombardment to directly strip electrons from the cathode surface, eliminating the need for a heating process and thus offering a significant energy advantage.

[0004] Given the high energy consumption and heat dissipation limitations of hot cathode X-ray sources, which make them unsuitable for portable applications, the development of portable X-ray sources based on cold cathode technology has become particularly necessary. Such devices are of great value for scientific research, experimental, and security inspection scenarios, including mobile field inspections, handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzers, and pulsed X-ray detection. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problem that existing hot cathodes are not suitable for mobile field inspections, this application provides a compact cold cathode X-ray machine that can be used for mobile field inspections, offering extremely high flexibility and convenience. For example, in industrial applications, it can be used for temporary inspections of outdoor power equipment; in the medical field, it can be used for preliminary inspections of injured persons and animals to determine the extent of fractures or internal organ damage, thus completing mobile and flexible inspection tasks that hot cathodes cannot provide.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A compact cold cathode X-ray machine includes an X-ray generating device, an electrical control box, a lithium battery, and a housing. The X-ray generating device is a ray tube with a built-in vacuum electronic acceleration cavity. The electrical control box is electrically connected to the lithium battery and boosts the DC power provided by the lithium battery to 100kV-180kV, which is then electrically connected to a cold cathode field emission array and a rotating anode target installed near both ends inside the ray tube. The sidewall of the ray tube consists of a vacuum sealing layer, an electrical insulation layer, an X-ray shielding layer, and a mechanical support layer arranged sequentially from the inside out.

[0007] Preferably, the ray tube includes a cylindrical tube sidewall and end caps located at both ends of the tube sidewall and fixedly connected in a sealed manner, and the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target are respectively mounted on the end caps.

[0008] Preferably, the electrical control box includes a bidirectional DC-DC module, a full-bridge SiC inverter, an LLC resonant network module, a nanocrystalline alloy transformer, and a three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier connected in sequence. The lithium battery is electrically connected to the bidirectional DC-DC module, and the three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier is electrically connected to the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the operating frequency of the full-bridge SiC inverter is 500kHz, and the step-up ratio of the nanocrystalline alloy transformer is 1:300.

[0010] Preferably, the outer shell comprises a hollow rectangular body consisting of a front shell, a left shell, a rear shell, and a right shell that are detachably connected. A top cover and a bottom cover are detachably connected to both ends of the hollow rectangular body, and a sealing filler material is provided between two adjacent structures.

[0011] Preferably, the outer casing is equipped with a display screen and an antenna that are electrically connected to the electrical control box, as well as a power switch for turning the lithium battery on / off and a multi-functional data interface module for external communication, data export, or power supply, which are provided on the top cover and / or bottom cover.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an explosion-proof battery box disposed inside the outer casing for accommodating the lithium battery, wherein the lithium battery is composed of multiple battery power supplies connected in series or in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel connections.

[0013] Preferably, the electrical insulation layer has a thickness of 1-1.2 mm, is made of aluminum nitride ceramic, and has a thermal conductivity >170 W / mK.

[0014] Preferably, the vacuum sealing layer is made of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5 mm, the X-ray shielding layer is made of lead or epoxy resin material with embedded tungsten powder with a thickness of 0.3 mm, and the mechanical support layer is made of carbon fiber material with a thickness of 1.2-2 mm.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This invention employs a four-layer composite sidewall to achieve integrated "vacuum-insulation-shielding-support", reducing weight by 50% compared to traditional designs. In terms of power drive, the SiC LLC topology is used, resulting in a power supply volume of <0.5L and a power density of up to 8kW / L. More importantly, a cold cathode field emission array is used instead of a hot cathode, reducing startup time from minutes to milliseconds. This not only solves the problem of hot cathode detection devices being unsuitable for outdoor mobile detection but also enables rapid startup and detection, resulting in higher efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the reverse visual structure.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the equipment's appearance and structure according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Axonometric view of directional visual structure.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The main view.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Full sectional view with the central section symbol AA.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure in area B.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Front shell; 2-Left shell; 3-Rear shell; 4-Right shell; 5-Top cover; 6-Bottom cover; 7-X-ray tube; 8-End cover; 9-Electrical control box; 10-Explosion-proof battery box; 11-Display screen; 12-Protective film; 13-Antenna; 14-Handle; 15-Power switch; 16-Multi-functional data interface module; 17-Lithium battery; 18-Emission port; 71-Electron acceleration chamber; 72-Vacuum sealing layer; 73-Electrical insulation layer; 74-X-ray shielding layer; 75-Mechanical support layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product is in use. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in the description of this application is only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" in the description of this application does not imply that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Example 1: This embodiment provides a compact cold cathode X-ray machine with a rectangular shape, facilitating direct mounting using a U-shaped bracket or a universal ball joint bracket. It can perform outdoor testing in almost all terrains. See the attached instruction manual for the structural details. Figures 3-4 As shown; its regular shape allows for better storage and secure mounting, while its lightweight design facilitates rapid movement and inspection outdoors. See the instruction manual for detailed structure. Figures 1-2 As shown, the device includes an X-ray generating apparatus, an electrical control box 9, a lithium battery 17, and a housing. The X-ray generating apparatus is a ray tube 7 with a built-in vacuum electron accelerating cavity 71. The electrical control box 9 is electrically connected to the lithium battery 17 and boosts the DC power provided by the lithium battery 17 to 100kV-180kV before connecting it to a cold cathode field emission array and a rotating anode target installed near both ends inside the ray tube 7. The sidewall of the ray tube 7 consists of a vacuum sealing layer 72, an electrical insulation layer 73, an X-ray shielding layer 74, and a mechanical support layer 75 arranged sequentially from the inside out. In this embodiment, the electrical insulation layer 73 has a thickness of 1-1.2mm, is made of aluminum nitride ceramic, and has a thermal conductivity >170 W / mK. The vacuum sealing layer 72 is made of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5mm. The X-ray shielding layer 74 is made of lead or tungsten powder-embedded epoxy resin material with a thickness of 0.3mm. The mechanical support layer 75 is made of carbon fiber material with a thickness of 1.2-2mm.

[0033] The working principle of this embodiment is briefly described as follows: The electrical control box 9 is the control and processing center of the entire X-ray machine. Through the electrical control box 9, the DC power from the lithium battery 17 is converted into a high voltage of 100-180 kV, which supplies power to the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target installed near both ends inside the X-ray tube 7, establishing the environment and conditions for field emission. Finally, the emission is emitted from the emission port 18 located on the side wall of the X-ray tube 7. Because this embodiment uses cold cathode field emission, it fundamentally solves the problems of high-temperature heat dissipation required by hot cathodes, resulting in a simpler structure, lighter equipment, shorter start-up to detection time, and shorter response time, fully meeting the needs of outdoor emergency monitoring.

[0034] Example 2: This embodiment further optimizes the configuration based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, the X-ray tube 7 includes a cylindrical tube sidewall and end caps 8 located at both ends of the tube sidewall and sealed and fixedly connected. The cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target are respectively mounted on the end caps 8. The purpose of combining the end caps 8 with the tube sidewall is to better combine and install the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target. The installation of the rotating anode target is one of the most challenging aspects of the cold cathode X-ray tube, requiring overcoming three core challenges: ultra-high vacuum compatibility, dynamic balance accuracy, and thermal management coupling. In this embodiment, a structure combining magnetic levitation bearings and dry lubrication is used to solve the bearing lubrication problem. The lubricant is a molybdenum disulfide sputtered coating with a thickness controlled at 200±50 nm. Vacuum is also a major challenge for cold cathode X-ray tubes, requiring maintenance of 10... -7 No venting is allowed under these conditions. To ensure vacuum, a high-precision metal seal is used. In this embodiment, a conical indium silver alloy InAg4 sealing ring is employed, sealed using laser micro-melting welding. This ensures that the leakage rate is controlled within 1*10⁻⁶. - 12 Pa·m 3 / s. Regarding the control of target disk mass eccentricity, this embodiment employs an in-situ dynamic balancing structure. Specifically, an array of pre-drilled holes with a diameter of 0.3 mm is used on the target disk. Mass correction is performed using laser ablation under vacuum conditions, achieving an accuracy control below ±0.1 mg. Although considerable accuracy has been achieved structurally, to prevent vibrations caused by rotation, this embodiment also employs a piezoelectric ceramic sensor array to monitor high-speed vibrations in real time. Reverse electromagnetic force compensation is used, with a bandwidth of 0-5 kHz, thereby achieving an active damping structure to effectively suppress high-speed vibrations.

[0035] The rotating anode target is one of the key components of the cold cathode ray machine provided in this embodiment. Its small size and high precision requirements place extremely high demands on its assembly. The installation process in this embodiment is described below: When installing the rotating anode target, it must first be done in a Class 100 cleanroom environment. The specific installation sequence includes: First, target disk pre-assembly: The nanodiamond-coated NCD molybdenum target disk is interference-fitted with the titanium alloy bushing, with the interference controlled at 0.003-0.005mm. Liquid nitrogen cold assembly is performed at -196℃ to avoid high-temperature thermal stress damage to the coating. Second, magnetic levitation bearing integration: The ceramic base, radial permanent magnet ring, electromagnetic coil, and temperature compensation plate are installed in sequence. A crucial detail here is that the magnetization intensity must be precisely controlled: the radial magnetic field strength must be 0.35±0.01T. Third, dynamic balancing within the vacuum chamber: The vacuum is evacuated to 5×10⁻⁶. -4After Pa, the rotor is started and positioned at the unbalance point using a 5kRPM laser Doppler vibration meter, followed by femtosecond laser ablation for weight reduction. The fourth step is cooling pipe connection: where necessary or required, metal bellows are laser-welded to form cooling channels, and piezoelectric microvalves control the flow rate. Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is used as the coolant for thermal circulation cooling. The above steps are the key steps in the rotating anode target installation used in this embodiment; other auxiliary structures and installation process control can utilize existing technologies.

[0036] In this embodiment, the electrical control box 9 includes a bidirectional DC-DC module, a full-bridge SiC inverter, an LLC resonant network module, a nanocrystalline alloy transformer, and a three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier connected in sequence. The lithium battery 17 is electrically connected to the bidirectional DC-DC module, and the three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier is electrically connected to the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target, respectively.

[0037] In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the full-bridge SiC inverter is 500kHz, and the step-up ratio of the nanocrystalline alloy transformer is 1:300.

[0038] In this embodiment, the outer shell includes a hollow rectangular body composed of a front shell 1, a left shell 2, a rear shell 3, and a right shell 4 that can be detachably connected. The hollow rectangular body is detachably connected to a top cover 5 and a bottom cover 6 at both ends, and a sealing filling material is provided between two adjacent structures.

[0039] In this embodiment, the outer casing is equipped with a display screen 11 and an antenna 13 that are electrically connected to the electrical control box 9, as well as a power switch 15 for turning the lithium battery 17 on / off and a multi-functional data interface module 16 for external communication, data export or power supply, which are provided on the top cover 5 and / or bottom cover 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, an explosion-proof battery box 10 is also provided inside the outer casing to accommodate the lithium battery 17. The lithium battery 17 is composed of multiple battery power supplies connected in series or in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel connections.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A compact cold cathode ray machine, comprising an X-ray generating device, an electrical control box (9), a lithium battery (17), and a housing, characterized in that: The X-ray generating device is a ray tube (7) with a built-in vacuum electron accelerating cavity (71). The electrical control box (9) is electrically connected to the lithium battery (17) and boosts the DC power provided by the lithium battery (17) to 100-180Kv before being electrically connected to the cold cathode field emission array and rotating anode target installed in the ray tube (7) near both ends. The sidewall of the ray tube (7) is composed of a vacuum sealing layer (72), an electrical insulation layer (73), an X-ray shielding layer (74), and a mechanical support layer (75) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside.

2. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-ray tube (7) includes a cylindrical tube sidewall and end caps (8) located at both ends of the tube sidewall and fixedly connected in a sealed manner. The cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target are respectively mounted on the end caps (8).

3. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical control box (9) includes a bidirectional DC-DC module, a full-bridge SiC inverter, an LLC resonant network module, a nanocrystalline alloy transformer and a three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier connected in sequence. The lithium battery (17) is electrically connected to the bidirectional DC-DC module, and the three-stage voltage multiplier rectifier is electrically connected to the cold cathode field emission array and the rotating anode target, respectively.

4. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The full-bridge SiC inverter operates at a frequency of 500kHz, and the step-up ratio of the nanocrystalline alloy transformer is 1:

300.

5. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shell comprises a hollow rectangular body consisting of a front shell (1), a left shell (2), a rear shell (3), and a right shell (4) that can be detachably connected. The hollow rectangular body is detachably connected to a top cover (5) and a bottom cover (6) at both ends, and a sealing filling material is provided between two adjacent structures.

6. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer casing is equipped with a display screen (11) and an antenna (13) that are electrically connected to the electrical control box (9), as well as a power switch (15) for turning the lithium battery (17) on / off and a multi-functional data interface module (16) for external communication, data export or power supply, which are provided on the top cover (5) and / or bottom cover (6).

7. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an explosion-proof battery box (10) disposed inside the outer casing to accommodate the lithium battery (17), wherein the lithium battery (17) is composed of multiple battery power supplies connected in series or in parallel or in a series and parallel connection structure.

8. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical insulation layer (73) has a thickness of 1-1.2 mm and is made of aluminum nitride ceramic with a thermal conductivity of >170 W / mK.

9. A compact cold cathode ray machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum sealing layer (72) is made of titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5 mm, the X-ray shielding layer (74) is made of lead or tungsten powder embedded epoxy resin material with a thickness of 0.3 mm, and the mechanical support layer (75) is made of carbon fiber material with a thickness of 1.2-2 mm.

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