A shell breaking device for recycling and pretreating waste lithium batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to battery recycling technical field, and disclose a kind of waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment shell breaking device, including: fixed box, the top of the fixed box is equipped with feed bin.The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment shell breaking device, by the cooperation of unique intermittent rotating mechanism and cutting mechanism, realize the efficient batch shell breaking treatment of waste lithium battery.Motor drive shaft rotation is driven, drive gear and driven gear transmission are driven, and simultaneously make rotating block, long shaft, round block and other structure collaborative operation.In the rotation process, the recess on round block successively clamps battery, cooperates cutting blade, so that multiple batteries are sequentially completed positioning, cutting on different stations, compared with traditional mode, the device can greatly improve shell breaking efficiency and yield, can satisfy large-scale waste lithium battery recycling demand, while reducing manpower input, significantly reduce recycling cost, provide efficient economic solution for waste lithium battery recycling industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and more specifically, to a pre-treatment and shell-breaking device for recycling waste lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, lithium batteries, as a highly efficient and convenient energy storage device, have been widely used in various electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, with the dramatic increase in lithium battery usage, the number of waste lithium batteries is also growing exponentially. Waste lithium batteries not only contain economically valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, but also environmentally harmful substances such as heavy metals and electrolytes. If these waste lithium batteries are not properly recycled and disposed of, it will not only result in a huge waste of resources but also pose a serious threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, developing efficient and environmentally friendly waste lithium battery recycling technologies is of paramount practical significance. In the various stages of waste lithium battery recycling, casing breaking, as a crucial pretreatment step, plays a decisive role in subsequent material separation and recycling. Existing casing breaking devices for waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment exhibit several problems when processing cylindrical batteries. On the one hand, many casing breaking devices have low levels of automation, relying mainly on manual operation. This not only leads to high labor intensity and low work efficiency but also makes it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale recycling. On the other hand, most existing casing breaking devices cannot achieve automatic batch casing breaking, often processing batteries one by one. This significantly limits the efficiency and output of casing breaking, increasing recycling costs. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a pretreatment and shell-breaking device for recycling waste lithium batteries, which has the advantage of efficiently breaking the shell of the battery.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pre-treatment and shell-breaking device for recycling waste lithium batteries, comprising: A fixed box, wherein a feeding hopper is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed box and a fixed frame is fixedly installed on the front of the fixed box; A cutting mechanism, wherein the cutting mechanism is disposed inside the fixed frame; An intermittent rotation mechanism is disposed on the front side of the fixed frame; The intermittent rotation mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly connected to the front of a fixed frame. A motor is fixedly mounted on the front of the fixed plate, and a rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved at the output end of the motor. A rotating block is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the rotating shaft. A pressing shaft is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating block, and an arc-shaped block is fixedly mounted on the back of the rotating block. The outer surface of the arc-shaped block abuts against the rotating block, and a short groove is formed on the outer surface of the rotating block. A long shaft is fixedly mounted on the back of the rotating block, and the outer surface of the long shaft is movably sleeved with the interior of a fixed box. A circular block is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the long shaft, and the outer surface of the circular block is movably sleeved with the interior of the fixed box. A groove is formed on the outer surface of the circular block, and an infrared receiver is fixedly mounted on the front of the circular block.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cutting mechanism includes: A drive gear, the interior of which is fixedly sleeved with the outer surface of the rotating shaft; The driven gear has its outer surface meshing with the outer surface of the drive gear. A round shaft is fixedly sleeved inside the driven gear. The outer surface of the round shaft is movably sleeved inside the fixed frame. A cutting blade is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the round shaft.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, an infrared transmitter is fixedly sleeved inside the front of the fixed box, and the rear end of the infrared transmitter is aligned with the front of the infrared receiver.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a bracket is fixedly installed on the back of the fixed box, a controller is fixedly installed on the back of the bracket, a cylinder is fixedly sleeved inside the bracket, and the output end of the cylinder is movably sleeved inside the back of the fixed box.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the outer surface of the fixed box is provided with a discharge port and a through hole, and the bottom end of the fixed box is provided with a discharge port.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a first guide plate is fixedly installed inside the discharge port, and a second guide plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed box, with the second guide plate located around the through hole.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a base frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed box, and a base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base frame.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a first protective shell is fixedly installed on the front of the fixing frame, and the interior of the first protective shell is movably sleeved with the outer surface of the round shaft and the rotating shaft. The driven gear and the driving gear are both located inside the first protective shell.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a second protective shell is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed box, the interior of the second protective shell is movably connected to the outer surface of the round shaft, and the cutting blade is located inside the second protective shell.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device utilizes a unique intermittent rotation mechanism combined with a cutting mechanism to achieve efficient batch shell-breaking processing of waste lithium batteries. A motor drives a rotating shaft, which in turn drives the drive and driven gears, simultaneously coordinating the operation of rotating blocks, long shafts, and circular blocks. During rotation, grooves on the circular blocks sequentially engage the batteries, working in conjunction with the cutting blades to allow multiple batteries to be positioned and cut sequentially at different stations. Compared to traditional methods, this device significantly improves shell-breaking efficiency and output, meeting the needs of large-scale waste lithium battery recycling while reducing labor input and significantly lowering recycling costs, providing an efficient and economical solution for the waste lithium battery recycling industry.

[0014] 2. This waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment shell-breaking device, after the battery shell is broken open by the circular block, the cut-off waste material is directly discharged through the discharge port. With each 90-degree rotation of the circular block, the infrared receiver fixedly installed on its front aligns with the infrared transmitter fixedly sleeved inside the front of the fixed box. At this time, the infrared receiver sends a signal to the controller, which then controls the cylinder to operate. The cylinder output pushes the battery cells inside the battery, guiding them out through the through-hole and the second guide plate. Afterward, the circular block continues to rotate 90 degrees, moving the battery casing with separated cells to the discharge port position. The battery casing then slides down through the discharge port under the guidance of the first guide plate. The entire process requires no manual intervention; each material can be smoothly discharged through its corresponding channel according to a preset path, avoiding material accumulation and mixing, further improving the automation and practicality of the overall processing flow, and effectively improving the efficiency and quality of waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the long axis of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive gear of this utility model; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating block of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circular block structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Fixed box; 2. Fixed frame; 3. Rotating block; 4. Short groove; 5. Long shaft; 6. Round block; 7. Groove; 8. Infrared receiver; 9. Round shaft; 10. Driven gear; 11. Cutting blade; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Motor; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Drive gear; 16. Rotating block; 17. Extrusion shaft; 18. Arc block; 19. Feed hopper; 20. Discharge port; 21. Through hole; 22. Discharge port; 23. First guide plate; 24. Second guide plate; 25. Infrared transmitter; 26. Bracket; 27. Controller; 28. Cylinder; 29. ​​Base frame; 30. Base plate; 31. First protective shell; 32. Second protective shell. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this utility model provides a pre-treatment and shell-breaking device for recycling waste lithium batteries, comprising: Fixed box 1, with a feed hopper 19 fixedly installed on the top of fixed box 1, and a fixed frame 2 fixedly installed on the front of fixed box 1; The cutting mechanism is located inside the fixed frame 2; An intermittent rotation mechanism is located on the front of the fixed frame 2; The intermittent rotation mechanism includes a fixed plate 12, which is fixedly connected to the front of the fixed frame 2. A motor 13 is fixedly installed on the front of the fixed plate 12. A rotating shaft 14 is fixedly sleeved at the output end of the motor 13. A rotating block 16 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rotating shaft 14. A pressing shaft 17 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating block 16. An arc-shaped block 18 is fixedly installed on the back of the rotating block 16. A rotating block 3 is abutted on the outer surface of the arc-shaped block 18. A short groove 4 is opened on the outer surface of the rotating block 3. A long shaft 5 is fixedly installed on the back of the rotating block 3. The outer surface of the long shaft 5 is movably sleeved with the inside of the fixed box 1. A round block 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the long shaft 5. The outer surface of the round block 6 is movably sleeved with the inside of the fixed box 1. A groove 7 is opened on the outer surface of the round block 6. An infrared receiver 8 is fixedly installed on the front of the round block 6.

[0019] The fixed box 1 serves as the main frame of the entire device, providing a mounting base for other components. The feeding bin 19 is used to place the waste lithium batteries to be processed, facilitating subsequent automatic processing. The fixed frame 2 is used to support and install the cutting mechanism and the intermittent rotation mechanism. The fixed plate 12 in the intermittent rotation mechanism is used to fix the motor 13. The motor 13 provides power, which is transmitted to the rotating block 16 through the rotating shaft 14. The pressing shaft 17 and the arc block 18 on the rotating block 16 cooperate to achieve the intermittent rotation of the rotating block 3 by blocking and releasing the rotating block 3 with the arc block 18 and pushing the short groove 4 with the pressing shaft 17. This, in turn, drives the long shaft 5 and the round block 6 to rotate intermittently. The groove 7 on the round block 6 is used to hold the battery for positioning. The infrared receiver 8 is used to receive signals to control the subsequent cell separation steps.

[0020] The cutting mechanism includes: The drive gear 15 is fixedly sleeved with the outer surface of the rotating shaft 14. Driven gear 10, the outer surface of driven gear 10 meshes with the outer surface of drive gear 15, a round shaft 9 is fixedly sleeved inside driven gear 10, the outer surface of round shaft 9 is movably sleeved inside fixed frame 2, and a cutting blade 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of round shaft 9.

[0021] When the motor 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate, the drive gear 15 rotates accordingly. Since the drive gear 15 meshes with the driven gear 10, the drive gear 15 will drive the round shaft 9 to rotate through the driven gear 10. At this time, the round shaft 9 will drive the cutting blade 11 to rotate synchronously at high speed, so that the cutting blade 11 can stably and efficiently cut the two ends of the battery that are stuck in the groove 7 of the round block 6 and rotate with it, completing the core operation of breaking the battery shell. It is the key transmission structure for realizing the shell breaking function of waste lithium battery pretreatment.

[0022] An infrared transmitter 25 is fixedly fitted inside the front of the fixed box 1, and the rear end of the infrared transmitter 25 is aligned with the front of the infrared receiver 8.

[0023] The infrared transmitter 25 inside the fixed box 1 cooperates with the infrared receiver 8 on the circular block 6. When the circular block 6 drives the battery to rotate at a specific angle, the infrared receiver 8 aligns with the infrared transmitter 25. At this time, the infrared receiver 8 receives the signal and then triggers the subsequent control program.

[0024] The fixed box 1 has a bracket 26 fixedly installed on the back, a controller 27 fixedly installed on the back of the bracket 26, and a cylinder 28 fixedly sleeved inside the bracket 26. The output end of the cylinder 28 is movably sleeved inside the back of the fixed box 1.

[0025] The bracket 26 on the back of the fixed box 1 is used to install the controller 27 and the cylinder 28. The controller 27 receives and processes the signal from the infrared receiver 8 and controls the operation of the cylinder 28. The output end of the cylinder 28 extends into the fixed box 1 to squeeze the battery cell inside the battery, so that the battery cell is separated from the battery casing, completing the important separation step.

[0026] The outer surface of the fixed box 1 is provided with a discharge port 20 and a through hole 21, and the bottom end of the fixed box 1 is provided with a discharge port 22.

[0027] The design of the discharge port 20, through hole 21 and discharge port 22 is used to discharge the processed battery casing, the separated battery cell and the waste generated from cutting, respectively. The materials are discharged in a classified manner through different openings, ensuring the orderly progress of the processing process.

[0028] The discharge port 20 has a first guide plate 23 fixedly installed inside, and the outer surface of the fixed box 1 has a second guide plate 24 fixedly installed. The second guide plate 24 is located around the through hole 21.

[0029] The first guide plate 23 inside the discharge port 20 is used to guide the processed battery casing to be discharged smoothly. The second guide plate 24 outside the fixed box 1 is arranged around the through hole 21 to guide the discharge of the separated battery cells and ensure the smooth discharge of materials.

[0030] The bottom of the fixed box 1 is fixedly installed with a base frame 29, and the bottom of the base frame 29 is fixedly installed with a base plate 30.

[0031] The base frame 29 and the base plate 30 are installed at the bottom of the fixed box 1 to provide stable support for the entire shell-breaking device and enhance the stability of the device during operation.

[0032] The first protective shell 31 is fixedly installed on the front of the fixed frame 2. The interior of the first protective shell 31 is movably sleeved with the outer surface of the round shaft 9 and the rotating shaft 14. The driven gear 10 and the driving gear 15 are both located inside the first protective shell 31.

[0033] The first protective shell 31 on the front of the fixed frame 2 encloses the round shaft 9, rotating shaft 14, driven gear 10 and drive gear 15, which will protect these transmission components, prevent operators from accidentally coming into contact with them and getting injured, and at the same time prevent dust and other impurities from entering and affecting the operation of the components, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the transmission system.

[0034] The outer surface of the fixed box 1 is fixedly installed with a second protective shell 32, the interior of the second protective shell 32 is movably connected to the outer surface of the round shaft 9, and the cutting blade 11 is located inside the second protective shell 32.

[0035] The second protective shell 32 is installed outside the fixed box 1, covering the round shaft 9 and the cutting blade 11, providing safety protection for the high-speed rotating cutting blade 11, preventing the cutting blade from injuring the operator due to accidents during operation, and protecting the cutting blade from external interference to ensure the normal operation of the cutting work.

[0036] Working principle and usage process of this utility model: First, the operator neatly places the battery inside the feeding chamber 19. The internal guide structure of the feeding chamber 19 guides the battery to fall under the action of gravity, allowing the battery to smoothly contact the outer surface of the circular block 6. Since there are four grooves 7 evenly distributed on the outer surface of the circular block 6, when the battery falls, one of the batteries will be precisely locked into the groove 7 where the circular block 6 is currently in a horizontal position, thus achieving the initial positioning of the battery.

[0037] Subsequently, the operator starts the motor 13 and the infrared emitter 25. At this time, the rotating shaft 14 will drive the drive gear 15 to rotate. Since the drive gear 15 and the driven gear 10 mesh with each other, the drive gear 15 will drive the circular shaft 9 to rotate through the driven gear 10. At the same time, the cutting blade 11 will rotate under the drive of the circular shaft 9, preparing for the subsequent battery cutting. When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, it will drive the rotating block 16 to rotate. The extrusion shaft 17 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating block 16 and the arc-shaped block 18 fixedly installed on the back also perform circular motion. When the arc-shaped block 18 is in contact with the outer surface of the rotating block 3 during rotation, the arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped block 18 can tightly abut against the rotating block 3, using the mechanical blocking principle to limit the rotation of the rotating block 3. When the arc-shaped block 18 continues to rotate with the rotating block 16 and disengages from the outer surface of the rotating block 3, the extrusion shaft 17, which was originally in an idle state, rotates to the short groove 4 and enters the short groove 4. At this time, driven by the rotating block 16, the extrusion shaft 17 generates a horizontal thrust on the inner wall of the short groove 4, pushing the rotating block 3 to start rotating. The rotation of the rotating block 3 transmits power through the long shaft 5 fixedly connected to it, causing the long shaft 5 to rotate stably inside the fixed box 1. At this time, the round block 6 fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the long shaft 5 also rotates synchronously. During rotation, the circular block 6 firmly holds the battery in place via the groove 7, causing the battery to move in a circular motion. At this time, the high-speed rotating cutting blade 11 contacts the rotating battery, using its sharp edge and the powerful cutting force generated by the high-speed rotation to precisely cut both ends of the battery. The waste generated during the cutting process, due to gravity, slides down the inner wall of the fixed box 1 to the discharge port 22 at the bottom of the fixed box 1, and is then directly discharged from the interior of the fixed box 1 through the discharge port 22. When the circular block 6 rotates 90 degrees, the arc-shaped block 18 re-adheres to the outer surface of the rotating block 3 during rotation, using the mechanical blocking principle to limit the rotation of the rotating block 3. At the same time, the extrusion shaft 17 disengages from the inside of the short groove 4 during rotation, and the circular block 6 stops rotating. At this time, the next battery inside the feeding bin 19 falls along the same trajectory under the action of gravity and falls into the groove 7 where the circular block 6 is currently in a horizontal position. The battery that has been cut earlier moves to the through hole 21 as the circular block 6 rotates. At this time, the infrared receiver 8 fixedly installed on the front of the circular block 6 is aligned with the infrared transmitter 25 fixedly sleeved inside the front of the fixed box 1. When the infrared receiver 8 receives the infrared signal emitted by the infrared transmitter 25, it will immediately convert the signal into an electrical signal and send a signal to the controller 27. At this time, the controller 27 will control the cylinder 28 to operate.

[0038] When cylinder 28 is running, its output end will squeeze the battery cell inside the battery, thereby separating the battery cell from the battery casing. After separation, the battery cell is pushed by cylinder 28 and smoothly discharged from the inside of the fixed box 1 along the channel of through hole 21. After the separation of the battery cell is completed, the output end of cylinder 28 will retract and reset.

[0039] Next, under the drive of the control mechanism, the circular block 6 continues to rotate 90 degrees. At this time, the battery casing, which has already undergone cell separation, moves to the position of the discharge port 20. Under the action of gravity, the battery casing will slide smoothly through the discharge port 20 and along the guiding direction of the first guide plate 23 to the outside of the fixed box 1, thus completing the entire pre-processing process of the waste lithium battery from placement to completion of casing breaking, cell separation, and battery casing discharge.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment and shell-breaking device for recycling waste lithium batteries, characterized in that, Including: A fixed box (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (19) fixedly installed on the top of the fixed box (1) and a fixed frame (2) fixedly installed on the front of the fixed box (1). A cutting mechanism is disposed inside the fixed frame (2); An intermittent rotation mechanism is disposed on the front side of the fixed frame (2); The intermittent rotation mechanism includes a fixed plate (12), which is fixedly connected to the front of a fixed frame (2). A motor (13) is fixedly mounted on the front of the fixed plate (12). A rotating shaft (14) is fixedly sleeved at the output end of the motor (13). A rotating block (16) is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the rotating shaft (14). A pressing shaft (17) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating block (16). An arc-shaped block (18) is fixedly mounted on the back of the rotating block (16). The outer surface of the rotating block (3) is abutted by a rotating block (3). The outer surface of the rotating block (3) is provided with a short groove (4). The back of the rotating block (3) is fixedly installed with a long shaft (5). The outer surface of the long shaft (5) is movably connected to the inside of the fixed box (1). The outer surface of the long shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a round block (6). The outer surface of the round block (6) is movably connected to the inside of the fixed box (1). The outer surface of the round block (6) is provided with a groove (7). The front of the round block (6) is fixedly installed with an infrared receiver (8).

2. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism includes: The drive gear (15) is fixedly sleeved with the outer surface of the rotating shaft (14); Driven gear (10), the outer surface of the driven gear (10) meshes with the outer surface of the drive gear (15), a round shaft (9) is fixedly sleeved inside the driven gear (10), the outer surface of the round shaft (9) is movably sleeved inside the fixed frame (2), and a cutting blade (11) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the round shaft (9).

3. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An infrared transmitter (25) is fixedly fitted inside the front of the fixed box (1), and the rear end of the infrared transmitter (25) is aligned with the front of the infrared receiver (8).

4. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (26) is fixedly installed on the back of the fixed box (1), and a controller (27) is fixedly installed on the back of the bracket (26). A cylinder (28) is fixedly sleeved inside the bracket (26), and the output end of the cylinder (28) is movably sleeved inside the back of the fixed box (1).

5. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed box (1) is provided with a discharge port (20) and a through hole (21), and the bottom end of the fixed box (1) is provided with a discharge port (22).

6. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge port (20) is fixedly installed with a first guide plate (23), and the outer surface of the fixed box (1) is fixedly installed with a second guide plate (24). The second guide plate (24) is located around the through hole (21).

7. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed box (1) is fixedly installed with a base frame (29), and the bottom of the base frame (29) is fixedly installed with a base plate (30).

8. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front of the fixing frame (2) is fixedly installed with a first protective shell (31). The interior of the first protective shell (31) is movably sleeved with the outer surface of the round shaft (9) and the rotating shaft (14). The driven gear (10) and the driving gear (15) are both located inside the first protective shell (31).

9. The waste lithium battery recycling pretreatment and shell breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed box (1) is fixedly installed with a second protective shell (32), the interior of the second protective shell (32) is movably connected to the outer surface of the round shaft (9), and the cutting blade (11) is located inside the second protective shell (32).

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