A liquid hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid hydrogen storage tank relates to liquid hydrogen storage tank equipment technical field, including liquid hydrogen storage tank and pipeline, and liquid hydrogen storage tank contains the inner jar of storage cryogenic liquid hydrogen and keeps the outer jar of interlayer high vacuum, and the inner jar top pipeline is equipped with the liquid filling mouth, the back gas mouth and the liquid level meter gas phase mouth, and the inner jar side wall pipeline is equipped with the overflow port, and the inner jar bottom pipeline is equipped with the liquid level meter liquid phase mouth and the liquid outlet, and the utility model has the beneficial effect that: it has the outer pressure boost and the self -boosting function, reduces the use that needs the liquid hydrogen temperature valve, and considers the early re -warming when the discharge, through the outer jar explosion -proof mechanism of setting, when the interlayer space pressure abnormal height that appears liquid leakage problem leads to the inner jar or interlayer pipeline, the outer jar explosion -proof mechanism can discharge the interlayer pressure, prevents the dangerous situation that appears in the inner jar and the outer jar, through the three way valve through switching valve core position, at least guarantees one safety valve and one burst disc to be in and the inner jar gas phase space intercommunication's working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen storage tank equipment, specifically a liquid hydrogen storage tank. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid hydrogen storage boasts advantages such as high energy density, low tank pressure, small footprint, high gas purity, and short refueling time, making it a promising market for fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations, and liquid hydrogen plants. However, liquid hydrogen has a low boiling point (as low as 20.3K), low latent heat of vaporization, and rapid evaporation, necessitating precise structural design of liquid hydrogen containers and the adoption of ultra-low heat leakage technology to reduce the evaporation rate and prevent overpressure risks and venting losses. Furthermore, liquid hydrogen undergoes a conversion between neutral and parahydrogen at extremely low temperatures, presenting complex engineering thermophysical challenges during refueling and external supply. Onboard liquid hydrogen storage tanks also need to consider factors such as impact and vibration during transportation, demanding extremely high safety standards. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid hydrogen storage tank with small volume and high safety that can be used in vehicles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank and pipelines, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank includes an inner tank for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank for maintaining a high vacuum in the jacket. The inner tank top pipeline is equipped with a filling port, a gas return port and a liquid level gauge gas phase port; the inner tank side wall pipeline is equipped with an overflow port; and the inner tank bottom pipeline is equipped with a liquid level gauge liquid phase port and a liquid outlet. A filling valve is installed on the filling port pipeline; The return gas port pipeline is equipped with an inner tank overpressure relief mechanism and a return gas valve; The overpressure relief mechanism of the inner tank includes a three-way valve, a safety valve, and a rupture disc; The gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge via a three-valve assembly. The gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to the pressure gauge via a pressure gauge valve. The overflow port is connected to the vent main pipe via an overflow valve and a reheater; The liquid phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge via a three-valve assembly; The outlet pipe is equipped with an outlet valve; The outer tank is equipped with a vacuum pipeline and an explosion-proof mechanism. The vacuum pipeline is equipped with a vacuum valve; The front side of the return gas valve is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve through a self-pressurizing pipeline, and the self-pressurizing pipeline is equipped with a vaporizer and a pressurizing valve. The front side of the return valve is connected to the vent main pipe via a pressure regulating pipeline; The pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with an isolation valve and a pressure regulating valve.

[0005] Preferably, the explosion-proof mechanism of the outer tank is a sandwich self-tightening explosion-proof device or a welded rupture disc device.

[0006] Preferably, the safety valve and the rupture disc are arranged symmetrically in two sets relative to the three-way valve. The three-way valve is connected to the return air port pipeline, and the safety valve and the rupture disc are connected to the three-way valve pipeline and the reheater pipeline.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model provides a liquid hydrogen storage tank that combines external pressurization and self-pressurization functions, reducing the need for valves that can withstand liquid hydrogen temperatures, and taking into account preheating during venting; 2. With the explosion-proof mechanism of the outer tank, when the pressure in the interlayer space rises abnormally due to liquid leakage in the inner tank or the interlayer pipeline, the explosion-proof mechanism of the outer tank can release the interlayer pressure to prevent dangerous situations from occurring in the inner tank and the outer tank. 3. By switching the valve core position through the three-way valve, at least one safety valve and one rupture disc are kept in working condition in communication with the gas phase space of the inner tank. When the pressure in the inner tank is too high and a certain dangerous situation occurs, the safety valve and rupture disc can reduce the pressure in the inner tank in time by venting, thus protecting the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0009] In the diagram: 1. Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Vacuum valve; 3. Explosion-proof mechanism for outer tank; 4. Filling valve; 5. Filling port; 6. Three-way valve; 7. Rupture disc; 8. Safety valve; 9. Return gas valve; 10. Return gas port; 11. Vent manifold; 12. Overflow valve; 13. Pressure boosting valve; 14. Isolation valve; 15. Pressure regulating valve; 16. Vaporizer; 17. Liquid outlet valve; 18. Liquid outlet; 19. Reheater; 20. Pressure gauge valve; 21. Pressure gauge; 22. Three-valve manifold; 23. Differential pressure level gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0011] Please see Figure 1This utility model provides a technical solution: a liquid hydrogen storage tank, including a high-vacuum insulated liquid hydrogen storage tank and pipelines. The liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises an inner tank for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank for maintaining a high vacuum in the jacket. The top pipeline of the inner tank is provided with a filling port 5, a return gas port 10, and a liquid level gauge gas phase port. The side wall pipeline is provided with an overflow port, and the bottom pipeline is provided with a liquid level gauge liquid phase port and a liquid outlet 18. Cryogenic liquid hydrogen enters the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the filling port 5. After being vaporized by the vaporizer 16 and the pressure boosting valve 13 of the self-pressurizing pipeline, the cryogenic liquid hydrogen returns to the liquid hydrogen storage tank. The gas phase pressure at the top of the inner tank rises, and the gas phase pressure forces the cryogenic liquid hydrogen into the liquid outlet valve. 17. The cryogenic liquid hydrogen is transported to relevant equipment or containers through the outlet 18; the filling port 5 is equipped with a filling valve 4; the return gas port 10 is equipped with an inner tank overpressure relief mechanism and a return gas valve 9; the inner tank overpressure relief mechanism includes a three-way valve 6, two safety valves 8 and two rupture discs 7. The three-way valve 6, by switching the valve core position, ensures that at least one safety valve 8 and one rupture disc 7 are in a working state connected to the gas phase space of the inner tank. When the pressure of the inner tank is too high and a certain dangerous situation occurs, the safety valve 8 and the rupture disc 7 can reduce the pressure of the inner tank in time by venting, thus protecting the liquid hydrogen storage tank.The outlets of safety valve 8 and rupture disc 7 are led to reheater 19 via pipelines. The released hydrogen gas is heated by reheater 19 and then centrally discharged to a safe location via vent manifold 11. The gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to differential pressure level gauge 23 via three-valve assembly 22. The gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to pressure gauge 21 via pressure gauge valve 20. The overflow port is connected to vent manifold 11 via overflow valve 12 and reheater 19. When the liquid hydrogen level in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is higher than the overflow port due to excessive liquid hydrogen filling, the cryogenic liquid hydrogen can be led to reheater 19 via overflow valve 12 to vaporize, and after heating, centrally discharged to a safe location via vent manifold 11, preventing the liquid hydrogen storage tank from becoming contaminated. Danger may occur due to overcharging; the liquid phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge 23 via a three-valve assembly 22, and the gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge 23 via a three-valve assembly 22, used to measure the amount of cryogenic liquid hydrogen filled in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to the pressure gauge 21 via a pressure gauge valve 20, used to measure the hydrogen pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; an outlet valve 17 is provided on the outlet 18 pipeline; the outer tank is equipped with a vacuum pipeline and an explosion-proof mechanism 3; the vacuum pipeline is equipped with a vacuum valve 2, and the outer tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is equipped with a vacuum pipeline for use during production or maintenance. The interlayer space can be evacuated to a high vacuum using vacuum valve 2 to achieve insulation. The outer tank is equipped with an outer tank explosion-proof mechanism 3, which is either a self-tightening explosion-proof device or a welded rupture disc device. When liquid leakage occurs in the inner tank or interlayer pipeline, causing an abnormal increase in interlayer space pressure, the outer tank explosion-proof mechanism 3 can release the interlayer pressure to prevent dangerous situations from occurring in the inner and outer tanks. The front side of the return gas valve 9 is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve 17 via a self-pressurizing pipeline. The self-pressurizing pipeline is equipped with a vaporizer 16 and a pressurizing valve 13. During the self-pressurization process, the cryogenic liquid hydrogen in the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the vaporizer through the self-pressurizing pipeline. 16. Heat exchange with the external environment causes the cryogenic liquid hydrogen to vaporize into less dense hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas returns to the upper gas phase space of the inner tank via the pressure boosting valve 13. At this time, the pressure regulating valve 15 closes, causing the hydrogen pressure in the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank to rise, completing the self-pressurization process of the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. The front side of the return valve 9 is connected to the venting manifold 11 through the pressure regulating pipeline. The pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with an isolation valve 14 and a pressure regulating valve 15. When the pressure in the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is higher than the expected value, the hydrogen gas can be led to the reheater 19 through the isolation valve 14 and the pressure regulating valve 15. After being heated, it is discharged to a safe location through the venting manifold 11 to prevent the liquid hydrogen storage tank from becoming dangerous or the pressure from exceeding the expected target value.

[0012] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and pipelines, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) includes an inner tank for storing cryogenic liquid hydrogen and an outer tank for maintaining a high vacuum in the jacket, characterized in that: The inner tank top pipeline is provided with a filling port (5), a return gas port (10) and a liquid level gauge gas phase port, the inner tank side wall pipeline is provided with an overflow port, and the inner tank bottom pipeline is provided with a liquid level gauge liquid phase port and a liquid outlet (18). A filling valve (4) is provided on the filling port (5) pipeline; The return air port (10) pipeline is equipped with an inner tank overpressure relief mechanism and a return air valve (9); The overpressure relief mechanism of the inner tank includes a three-way valve (6), a safety valve (8) and a rupture disc (7). The safety valve (8) and the rupture disc (7) are symmetrically arranged in two sets relative to the three-way valve (6). The three-way valve (6) is connected to the return air port (10) pipeline. The air outlet pipelines of the safety valve (8) and the rupture disc (7) are both connected to the reheater (19). The gas phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge (23) through a three-valve assembly (22). The gas phase port of the level gauge is also connected to the pressure gauge (21) through a pressure gauge valve (20). The liquid phase port of the level gauge is connected to the differential pressure level gauge (23) through a three-valve assembly (22). The overflow port is connected to the venting manifold (11) in sequence via the overflow valve (12) and the reheater (19). The outlet (18) pipeline is equipped with an outlet valve (17). The outer tank is equipped with a vacuum pipeline and an outer tank explosion-proof mechanism (3). The vacuum pipeline is equipped with a vacuum valve (2). The outer tank explosion-proof mechanism (3) is a sandwich self-tightening explosion-proof device or a welded rupture disc device. The front side of the return gas valve (9) is connected to the front side of the liquid outlet valve (17) through a self-pressurizing pipeline. The self-pressurizing pipeline is provided with a vaporizer (16) and a pressurizing valve (13) in sequence along the liquid hydrogen flow direction. The front side of the return valve (9) is connected to the reheater (19) via a pressure regulating pipeline and then connected to the venting main pipe (11). The pressure regulating pipeline is provided with an isolation valve (14) and a pressure regulating valve (15) in sequence along the hydrogen flow direction. The reheater (19) is connected to the venting manifold (11) and is used to reheat the low-temperature hydrogen gas that has been released, overflowed, or regulated before it is discharged.

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