Carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of adsorption material regeneration technology, specifically to a high-efficiency desorption tower for carbon-based adsorption materials. It includes a shell with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. An inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the shell, and an exhaust pipe is connected to the top. The shell is divided into a material distribution section, a desorption section, and a discharge section from top to bottom. The material distribution section has a conical material distribution plate with its cone tip facing the feed inlet and several discharge holes. The desorption section has a perforated disc and an angle steel material distribution layer. The perforated disc has an air vent and a material inlet. A conical air vent is located on the upper surface of the perforated disc, comprising an upper conical portion and a lower cylindrical portion. Multiple air holes are located on the sidewall of the cylindrical portion. The bottom opening of the conical air vent communicates with the air vent. An angle steel material distribution layer is located above the conical air vent. The discharge section has an inverted conical discharge hopper. This utility model ensures sufficient and effective contact between the carbon-based adsorption material and the regeneration gas, resulting in more thorough desorption, effective utilization of thermal energy, and improved desorption efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of adsorption material regeneration technology, specifically to a high-efficiency desorption tower based on carbon-based adsorption materials. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon-based adsorbents, such as activated carbon, are widely used in VOCs adsorption and treatment, and industrial wastewater purification due to their well-developed pore structure and high specific surface area. Carbon-based adsorbents can be recycled through adsorption-regeneration. Currently, industrial regeneration of waste carbon-based adsorbents mostly employs rotary kiln thermal regeneration processes. This process consumes a large amount of electricity or natural gas to heat the kiln, resulting in energy waste and high operating costs. Furthermore, uneven contact between the material and the hot airflow within the rotary kiln leads to incomplete desorption of some carbon-based materials, resulting in low regeneration capacity recovery rates. These problems severely restrict the promotion of carbon-based adsorbent recycling technology, necessitating a highly efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly regeneration device. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to propose a high-efficiency desorption tower for carbon-based adsorption materials, which enables the carbon-based adsorption materials to fully and effectively contact the regeneration gas, making the material desorption more thorough, effectively utilizing thermal energy, and improving desorption efficiency.

[0004] The high-efficiency desorption tower for carbon-based adsorption materials of this utility model includes a shell with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. An air inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the shell, and an exhaust pipe is connected to the top. The shell is divided into a feeding section, a desorption section, and a discharge section from top to bottom. The feeding section has a conical feeding disc, the outer edge of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell. The top of the conical feeding disc faces the feed inlet, and the disc has several discharge holes. The desorption section has a flower disc and an angle steel feeding layer. The flower disc has an air vent and a feed inlet. A conical air vent is located on the upper surface of the flower disc. The conical air vent includes an upper conical part and a lower cylindrical part. Multiple air holes are located on the side wall of the cylindrical part. The bottom opening of the conical air vent communicates with the air vent. An angle steel feeding layer is located above the conical air vent, consisting of multiple parallel angle steels with upward-facing edges spaced apart. The discharge section has an inverted conical discharge hopper.

[0005] Preferably, the feed holes of the conical fabric disc are distributed in a planetary pattern around the top of the cone, and multiple layers are provided from the top of the cone downwards.

[0006] Preferably, the flower disc with the conical vent pipe has multiple layers, with at least two layers of angle steel fabric above the conical vent pipe. Adjacent angle steel fabric layers are arranged at an angle to each other horizontally, preferably 90°. Simultaneously, the material inlets and vents of adjacent flower discs are rotated and staggered around the central axis of the flower disc. This staggered arrangement allows the material to mix during its descent, further preventing uneven temperature distribution.

[0007] Preferably, a thermocouple is installed between the angle steel fabric layer and the cone-shaped vent pipe. The thermocouple can monitor the temperature of the material in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the inverted conical discharge hopper is equipped with a discharge flow equalization hood, which is a conical hood with the small end facing upward. The discharge flow equalization hood is suspended in the inverted conical discharge hopper and is fixedly connected to the shell by a connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the air inlet pipe passes through the shell and the inverted conical discharge hopper and is connected to the central air pipe. The central air pipe is provided with an upper branch pipe, which extends from the bottom upward into the discharge uniform flow hood. The outlet of the upper branch pipe is not connected to the discharge uniform flow hood.

[0010] The material after passing through the desorption section moves downward to the discharge section, where it is dispersed by the discharge equalization hood, preventing a large amount of material from accumulating in the center in a short time and causing inconvenience in discharge. Hot regeneration gas enters the central gas pipe from the inlet pipe and moves upward through the upper branch pipe. The conical hood of the discharge equalization hood provides space for the gas to be discharged from the upper branch pipe opening, preventing the material in the upper part from accumulating on the upper branch pipe opening and causing inconvenience in gas discharge. Preferably, the exhaust pipe is equipped with a filter box filled with filter media. This provides initial filtration of solid impurities entrained in the regenerated gas, reducing solid pollution.

[0011] Preferably, the shell sidewall is provided with a manhole, and lifting lugs are fixedly provided on both sides of the shell. The lifting lugs are symmetrically distributed around the perimeter of the shell, and preferably there are 4 lifting lugs.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the casing is provided with an insulation layer to prevent heat loss.

[0013] Preferably, a high-temperature resistant ball valve is provided on the discharge port.

[0014] During operation, hot regeneration gas enters through the inlet pipe, moves upward, and enters the conical vent pipe through the vent. It then exits through the vent hole of the conical vent pipe, achieving airflow redistribution. During this process, the adsorbent material inside the shell is heated and finally discharged through the exhaust pipe. The adsorbent material to be desorbed enters through the feed inlet, moves downward, falls through the discharge hole of the conical distribution plate, and falls onto the flower disc, exiting through the discharge port of the flower disc. During the falling process, the material comes into countercurrent contact with the desorbed gas to achieve desorption. The regenerated material is discharged from the discharge port.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. The material enters the shell through the conical feeding disc. A portion of the material moves downward along the conical surface and falls through the feeding hole during the movement, resulting in a uniform distribution. When the material continues to fall to the desorption section, it is re-distributed through the angle steel feeding layer for further uniform distribution. This avoids uneven gas distribution caused by uneven material distribution. 2. The material accumulates on the disc and is distributed between the conical vent pipes. When the gas passes through the conical vent pipes, it is redistributed and discharged from multiple vents. This further avoids excessive or insufficient gas in certain areas, allowing for more thorough and effective contact between the material and the regeneration gas. Furthermore, the counter-current heat exchange has higher heat exchange efficiency; the hot regeneration gas heats the descending cold material, lowering its own temperature, while the cold regeneration material is heated by the rising hot gas. This greatly recovers the heat from both the gas and the carbon itself. All of these measures effectively improve desorption efficiency. 3. The present invention uses a cone-shaped material distribution plate and an angle steel material layer for uniform material distribution, and a flower plate with a cone-shaped vent pipe for redistribution of regeneration gas flow. This effectively avoids local overheating or underheating, and prevents excessively high temperatures or excessively rapid heating rates from damaging the microporous structure of the carbon-based adsorbent material, thus maintaining its adsorption performance and service life. It also reduces the problem of incomplete desorption. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-efficiency desorption tower structure of the carbon-based adsorption material of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view of the conical fabric tray structure. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cone-shaped vent tube structure; In the diagram: 1. Feed inlet; 2. Discharge outlet; 3. Shell; 4. Air inlet pipe; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Conical material distribution plate; 7. Discharge hole; 8. Flower plate; 9. Angle steel material distribution layer; 10. Conical vent pipe; 11. Inverted conical discharge hopper; 12. Thermocouple; 13. Discharge flow equalization hood; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Central air pipe; 16. Upper branch pipe; 17. Filter box; 18. Manhole; 19. Lifting lug bracket; 20. Ball valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the high-efficiency desorption tower for carbon-based adsorption materials includes a shell 3 with a feed inlet 1 at the top and a discharge outlet 2 at the bottom. The outer surface of the shell 3 is covered with an insulation layer. An air inlet pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of the shell 3, and an exhaust pipe 5 is connected to the top. The shell 3 is divided into a material distribution section, a desorption section, and a discharge section from top to bottom. The material distribution section has a conical material distribution plate 6, with the tip of the cone facing the feed inlet 1. The conical material distribution plate 6 has several discharge holes 7. The desorption section has a flower disc 8 and an angle steel material distribution layer 9. The flower disc 8 has an air vent and a material inlet. A conical air vent pipe 10 is provided on the upper surface of the flower disc 8. Figure 3As shown, the conical vent pipe 10 includes an upper conical part and a lower cylindrical part. The side wall of the cylindrical part has multiple air holes. The bottom opening of the conical vent pipe 10 is connected to the vent. An angle steel cloth layer 9 is provided above the conical vent pipe 10. The angle steel cloth layer 9 is composed of multiple angle steels with upward-facing corners arranged in parallel at intervals. The discharge section is provided with an inverted conical discharge hopper 11.

[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, the feeding holes 7 of the conical fabric disc 6 are distributed in a planetary pattern around the top of the cone, and multiple layers are arranged from the top of the cone downwards.

[0020] The flower disc 8 with the conical vent pipe 10 has multiple layers. Above the conical vent pipe 10, there are two layers of angle steel fabric 9. The angle steel of adjacent layers of angle steel fabric 9 is set at a 90° angle to the horizontal. At the same time, the material inlets and vents of adjacent flower discs 8 are rotated and staggered around the central axis of the flower disc 8.

[0021] A thermocouple 12 is provided between the angle steel fabric layer 9 and the cone-shaped vent pipe 10.

[0022] The inverted conical discharge hopper 11 is provided with a discharge flow equalization hood 13. The discharge flow equalization hood 13 is a conical hood with the small end facing upward. The discharge flow equalization hood 13 is suspended in the inverted conical discharge hopper 11 and is fixedly connected to the housing 3 through the connecting rod 14.

[0023] The air inlet pipe 4 passes through the shell 3 and the inverted conical discharge hopper 11 and is connected to the central air pipe 15. The central air pipe 15 is provided with an upper branch pipe 16, which extends from the bottom upward into the discharge uniform flow hood 13. The opening of the upper branch pipe 16 is not connected to the discharge uniform flow hood 13.

[0024] The shell 3 has a manhole 18 on its side wall, and four lifting lugs 19 are fixed on both sides of the shell 3. The lifting lugs 19 are symmetrically distributed around the circumference of the shell 3.

[0025] The work process is as follows: Saturated activated carbon is fed into the feeding section of the shell 3 through the feed inlet 1 and distributed through the conical feeding disc 6. The activated carbon falls into the desorption section through the discharge hole 7 of the conical feeding disc 6. The desorption section is divided into a preheating zone, an insulation zone, and a main desorption zone from top to bottom. The preheating zone has a lower temperature and mainly removes moisture and volatile substances. The insulation zone prevents upstream materials from precipitating solvent vapors due to heating. The main desorption zone has the highest temperature and is responsible for deep desorption. The material passes through the preheating zone, insulation zone, and main desorption zone sequentially through the feed port on the disc 8. Before falling onto the disc 8, the material passes through two layers of angle steel feeding material. 9. Fabric; Simultaneously, hot regenerated gas enters the central air pipe 15 from the air inlet pipe 4, then exits from the bottom of the discharge equalization hood 13 through the upper branch pipe 16, and then rises sequentially through the air inlet of the flower plate 8, passing through the main desorption zone, the heat insulation zone and the preheating zone. During the rising process, the regenerated gas comes into countercurrent contact with the activated carbon for heat exchange, the temperature of the activated carbon gradually increases and gradually desorbs and regenerates, the temperature of the regenerated gas gradually decreases, and finally, the regenerated activated carbon enters the discharge section, is dispersed and evenly distributed again through the discharge equalization hood 13, and then discharged through the inverted conical discharge hopper 11 and the ball valve 20.

[0026] In the above process, the hottest regeneration gas entering from the bottom of the desorption tower comes into contact with activated carbon that has been preheated and partially desorbed by the preceding process. This activated carbon requires the highest temperature to desorb the most difficult-to-desorb components. The process emphasizes the optimal operating condition that the activated carbon material before entering the desorption tower and immediately after entering the desorption tower is kept at a low temperature. The adsorbed saturated activated carbon (at a lower temperature) after entering the shell 3 first comes into contact with the gas in the rising gas, which is relatively low in temperature but rich in desorbates, playing a role in preheating and preliminary desorption. This countercurrent method creates the optimal temperature and concentration gradient, which is conducive to the effective desorption of adsorbates at a suitable temperature.

[0027] The discharge speed is controlled by ball valve 20 to ensure the residence time of the material, allowing the adsorbate molecules sufficient time to diffuse out of the micropores. Compared with intermittent regeneration such as rotary kilns, which require repeated heating and cooling of the entire furnace body, continuous operation only needs to maintain a steady operating temperature, avoiding heat loss caused by furnace body heat storage and dissipation.

[0028] Example 2 Based on Example 1, a filter box 17 is provided on the exhaust pipe 5, and the filter box 17 is filled with filter media. A high-temperature resistant ball valve 20 is provided on the discharge port 2. The filter box 17 performs preliminary filtration of solid impurities entrained in the regenerated gas, reducing solid pollution.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency desorption tower of carbon-based adsorption material, comprising a shell (3) provided with a feed inlet (1) at the top and a discharge outlet (2) at the bottom, characterized in that, The bottom of the shell (3) is connected to the air inlet pipe (4) and the top is connected to the exhaust pipe (5). The shell (3) is divided into a feeding section, a desorption section and a discharge section from top to bottom. The feeding section is provided with a conical feeding disc (6). The top of the conical feeding disc (6) is directly opposite the feed inlet (1). The conical feeding disc (6) is provided with several discharge holes (7). The desorption section is provided with a flower disc (8) and an angle steel feeding layer (9). The flower disc (8) is provided with an air inlet and a material outlet. The upper surface of the flower disc (8) is provided with a conical air pipe (10). The conical air pipe (10) includes a conical part at the top and a cylindrical part at the bottom. The side wall of the cylindrical part is provided with multiple air holes. The bottom opening of the conical air pipe (10) is connected to the air inlet. An angle steel feeding layer (9) is provided above the conical air pipe (10). The angle steel feeding layer (9) is provided by multiple angle steels with upward-facing corners arranged in parallel at intervals. The discharge section is provided with an inverted conical discharge hopper (11).

2. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, The feed holes (7) of the conical fabric disc (6) are distributed in a planetary pattern around the top of the cone, and multiple layers are arranged from the top of the cone downwards.

3. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flower plate (8) with the cone-shaped vent pipe (10) has multiple layers. At least two layers of angle steel fabric (9) are provided above the cone-shaped vent pipe (10). The angle steel directions of the adjacent angle steel fabric layers (9) are set at an angle to each other in the horizontal direction.

4. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 3, wherein, The included angle is 90°.

5. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, A thermocouple (12) is provided between the angle steel fabric layer (9) and the cone-shaped vent pipe (10).

6. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, The inverted conical discharge hopper (11) is provided with a discharge flow equalization hood (13). The discharge flow equalization hood (13) is a conical hood with the small end facing upward. The discharge flow equalization hood (13) is suspended in the inverted conical discharge hopper (11) and is fixedly connected to the shell (3) by a connecting rod (14).

7. The carbon-based adsorbent material high-efficiency desorption column according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlet pipe (4) passes through the shell (3) and the inverted cone-shaped discharge hopper (11) and is connected to the central air pipe (15). The central air pipe (15) is provided with an upper branch pipe (16). The upper branch pipe (16) extends from the bottom upward into the discharge uniform flow hood (13). The opening of the upper branch pipe (16) is not connected to the discharge uniform flow hood (13).

8. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust pipe (5) is equipped with a filter box (17), which is filled with filter material.

9. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, The shell (3) has a manhole (18) on its side wall and a lifting bracket (19) is fixed on both sides of the shell (3). The lifting bracket (19) is symmetrically distributed around the shell (3).

10. The carbon-based adsorbent material high efficiency desorption column of claim 1, wherein, The outer surface of the shell (3) is provided with a heat insulation layer.

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