A track parameter measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a track parameter measuring device relates to the technical field of railway parameter measurement, including track positioning frame, prism positioning subassembly and range finding mechanism, and track positioning frame includes telescopic main girder and gyro wheel mechanism, and the outer tube and inner rod of telescopic main girder are connected with a gyro wheel mechanism respectively, and the both ends of telescopic main girder are swingly connected with a prism positioning subassembly respectively, and the lower surface is provided with range finding mechanism, and gyro wheel mechanism is used for with track matching sliding, and prism positioning subassembly can guarantee always being on the central plane of track, and prism positioning subassembly is used for with total station matching use, and range finding mechanism is used for measuring the interval between two tracks. The utility model can realize track center coordinate positioning and height measurement through prism positioning subassembly, and utilize laser range finder to carry out gauge synchronous fast measurement, and through the integration of prism positioning subassembly and laser range finder, improve the measurement efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of railway parameter measurement, and in particular to a track parameter measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] Tracks guide locomotives and rolling stock to run smoothly and safely. They directly bear the load of the train and transfer it to the roadbed, bridges, tunnels, and other structures, ensuring the safe, smooth, and uninterrupted operation of the train. When vehicles move on the tracks, the tracks are prone to deformation or deviation. If not addressed promptly, this can easily lead to derailment. Therefore, measuring equipment is needed to inspect the tracks. Typically, the three-dimensional coordinates of the track need to be measured to detect and calculate track parameters (level, elevation, triangular irregularities, track alignment, etc.). Level refers to the height difference between the top surfaces of the left and right rails on the same cross-section; elevation refers to the smoothness of the top surface of the rails along the longitudinal direction of the track, i.e., whether there are ups and downs; triangular irregularities refer to the phenomenon where the track level changes from positive to negative or vice versa over a short distance, creating a "twisting" effect; track alignment refers to the smoothness of the inner working surface of the rails along the longitudinal direction of the track, i.e., whether the track is straight or whether the curve is smooth on the horizontal plane.

[0003] When measuring track alignment using an inertial navigation (INS) track inspection trolley, it is generally necessary to input track parameters and control point information in advance. The total station on the INS trolley is then used to measure the control points, perform resection, and combine the INS data for optimization and calculation to obtain the coordinates and elevation of the track surface and track center. However, the inertial unit sensors used in current INS track inspection trolleys are relatively expensive, with the inertial module alone costing approximately 400,000 to 600,000 RMB. Furthermore, they have high requirements for the number of control points and the network structure, are bulky, and typically require two people to operate. Initialization is also necessary during operation.

[0004] Traditional total station surveying methods require the use of a small prism or a track gauge, necessitating four operators. The small prism requires two people to place it in the middle of a single track on the same cross-section, and centering and leveling it is time-consuming. Measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of each track separately is slow; then, the track gauge is measured separately using a track gauge. The traditional total station surveying method requires repeated manual movement of the small prism and separate track gauge measurements, resulting in low efficiency, cumbersome procedures, and poor cost-effectiveness. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a track parameter measuring device to solve these technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a track parameter measuring device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, making the measuring device highly integrated, adaptable to tracks with different spacings, with simple measurement procedures and high work efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a track parameter measuring device, including a track positioning frame, a prism positioning assembly, and a distance measuring mechanism. The track positioning frame includes a telescopic main beam and a roller mechanism. The outer cylinder and inner rod of the telescopic main beam are respectively connected to the roller mechanism. The two ends of the telescopic main beam are respectively movably connected to the prism positioning assembly, and the lower surface is provided with a distance measuring mechanism. The roller mechanism is used to slide in match with the track. The prism positioning assembly can ensure that it is always in the center plane of the track. The prism positioning assembly is used to match with a total station. The distance measuring mechanism is used to measure the distance between two tracks.

[0007] Preferably, the prism positioning assembly includes a universal ball hinge, a prism, and a plumb bob. The universal ball hinge is rotatably mounted on the outer cylinder end and the inner rod end of the telescopic main beam, respectively. The upper end of the ball of the universal ball hinge is fixedly connected to the prism, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the plumb bob. The connecting rods of the prism and the plumb bob are coaxially arranged, and the plumb bob enables the prism to be finally in a vertical state.

[0008] Preferably, the universal ball hinge is externally connected to a centering assembly, which includes a fixed telescopic rod, a swing telescopic rod, an inner rotating sleeve, and an outer rotating sleeve. The inner rotating sleeve and the outer rotating sleeve are sequentially fitted on the outer side of the ball of the universal ball hinge. A pair of swing telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on the inner rotating sleeve, and a pair of fixed telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on the outer rotating sleeve. The inner rotating sleeve and the outer rotating sleeve can rotate relative to each other. All the fixed telescopic rods and the swing telescopic rods are arranged along the radial direction of the ball. The ends of the fixed telescopic rods and the swing telescopic rods are hinged to the upper end of the roller mechanism frame.

[0009] Preferably, the outer rotating sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove, the fixed telescopic rod passes through the arc-shaped sliding groove, the arc-shaped sliding groove is arranged along the circumference of the sphere and is in a horizontal position, and the included angle between the fixed telescopic rod and the swing telescopic rod can be changed.

[0010] Preferably, the roller mechanism frame includes a support frame, guide wheels, and an adaptive width adjustment mechanism. The support frame includes support rods and telescopic beams. The upper ends of the four support rods are respectively hinged to the ends of the fixed telescopic rod and the swing telescopic rod, and the lower ends are inserted into both sides of the track. A telescopic beam is provided in the middle of the two support rods on the same side. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the middle of the telescopic beam. The adaptive width adjustment mechanism is provided between the axle of the guide wheel and the telescopic beam.

[0011] Preferably, the adaptive width adjustment mechanism includes springs, and limit plates are provided at both ends of the axle. A spring is provided between the limit plate and the telescopic beam, and between the telescopic beam and the end face of the guide wheel. All the springs are in a compressed state.

[0012] Preferably, the plumb bob is further provided with a damping reset mechanism, which includes an N-pole magnet plate and an S-pole magnet plate. The N-pole magnet plate and the S-pole magnet plate are respectively disposed on the telescopic beam, and the N-pole magnet plate and the S-pole magnet plate are respectively located on both sides of the plumb bob. The plumb bob is made of metal. When the plumb bob swings back and forth, it cuts the magnetic field lines to generate damping.

[0013] Preferably, the telescopic main beam includes the outer cylinder and the inner rod, the inner end of the inner rod is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and springs are provided at both ends of the inner end and the inner cavity of the outer cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the ranging mechanism includes a pair of laser rangefinders, both of which are located in the middle of the telescopic main beam. The emission points of the two laser rangefinders coincide and face opposite directions, and the laser beams emitted by the laser rangefinders are in the same direction as the length of the telescopic main beam.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic main beam is provided with a push handle.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: This invention enables track center coordinate positioning via a prism positioning component. A total station and a backsight prism can be set up at the verified leveling and elevation control points. By observing the small prisms on both sides of the track trolley using the polar coordinate method, the plane coordinates and elevations of the two tracks can be obtained. Simultaneously, the track center coordinates and elevations can be calculated using the track plane coordinates and elevations. At the same time, the current track gauge data can be observed synchronously using a distance measuring mechanism. By integrating the prism positioning component with a laser distance measuring instrument, measurement efficiency and accuracy are improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the track parameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the track parameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the track parameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the track parameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the track parameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement principle of the track parameter measuring device in this embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Outer cylinder, 2-Inner rod, 3-Spring, 4-Laser rangefinder, 5-Universal ball hinge, 6-Prism, 7-Plumb bob, 8-Fixed telescopic rod, 9-Swing telescopic rod, 10-Inner rotating sleeve, 11-Outer rotating sleeve, 12-Arc-shaped slide, 13-Support rod, 14-Telescopic beam, 15-Guide wheel, 16-Limiting plate, 17-N pole magnet plate, 18-S pole magnet plate, 19-Push handle, 20-Control switch, 21-Digital display screen. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The purpose of this invention is to provide a track parameter measuring device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, making the measuring device highly integrated and adaptable to tracks with different spacings, and simplifying the measurement process.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a track parameter measuring device, including a track positioning frame, a prism positioning assembly, and a distance measuring mechanism. The track positioning frame includes a telescopic main beam and a roller mechanism. The outer cylinder 1 and inner rod 2 of the telescopic main beam are respectively connected to a roller mechanism. A prism positioning assembly is movably connected to both ends of the telescopic main beam, and a distance measuring mechanism is provided on the lower surface. The roller mechanism is used to slide in match with the track. The prism positioning assembly can ensure that it is always in the (vertical) center plane of the track. The prism positioning assembly is used to match with a total station. The distance measuring mechanism is used to measure the distance between two tracks.

[0025] As an optional solution, the prism positioning assembly in this embodiment includes a universal ball hinge 5, a prism 6, and a plumb bob 7. The universal ball hinge 5 is rotatably mounted at the ends of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner rod 2 of the telescopic main beam. The upper end of the ball of the universal ball hinge 5 is fixedly connected to the prism 6, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the plumb bob 7. The connecting rods of the prism 6 and the plumb bob 7 are coaxially arranged, and the plumb bob 7 enables the prism 6 to be ultimately in a vertical state. During measurement, the prism 6 only needs to remain stationary on the center plane of the track. By observing the prism 6 with a total station, the plane coordinates and elevation of the prism 6 can be obtained. The elevation is the distance difference from the center of the prism 6 to the track surface, which is a distance constant that can be measured. In the straight section of the track, since the two tracks are at the same height, their plane coordinates are coplanar. Since the prism 6 is always on the center plane of the track, the plane coordinates of the prism 6 are the same as the plane coordinates of the track. The elevation of the track surface can be calculated by adding or subtracting the distance constant from the elevation of the prism 6. Within the curved track area, the angle between the two prisms 6 and the horizontal plane can be calculated using the height difference between the left and right prisms 6 and the distance between the two prisms 6. Later, the coordinates and elevation of the curved segment can be corrected by using the geometric relationship of trigonometric functions.

[0026] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the universal ball hinge 5 is externally connected to a centering assembly, which includes a fixed telescopic rod 8, a swing telescopic rod 9, an inner rotating sleeve 10, and an outer rotating sleeve 11. The inner rotating sleeve 10 and the outer rotating sleeve 11 are sequentially fitted on the outer side of the ball of the universal ball hinge 5. A pair of swing telescopic rods 9 are symmetrically arranged on the inner rotating sleeve 10, and a pair of fixed telescopic rods 8 are symmetrically arranged on the outer rotating sleeve 11. The inner rotating sleeve 10 and the outer rotating sleeve 11 can rotate relative to each other. All the fixed telescopic rods 8 and the swing telescopic rods 9 are arranged along the radial direction of the ball, and the ends of the fixed telescopic rods 8 and the swing telescopic rods 9 are hinged to the upper end of the roller mechanism frame. Alternatively, the fixed telescopic rod 8 can be configured as a non-telescopic beam, with its end hinged to the roller mechanism frame.

[0027] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, an arc-shaped groove 12 is provided on the outer rotating sleeve 11, and the fixed telescopic rod 8 passes through the arc-shaped groove 12. The arc-shaped groove 12 is arranged along the circumference of the ball and is in a horizontal position. The included angle between the fixed telescopic rod 8 and the swing telescopic rod 9 can change, thereby ensuring that the ball of the universal ball hinge 5 is always located on the center plane of the track.

[0028] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the roller mechanism frame includes a support frame, guide wheels 14, and an adaptive width adjustment mechanism. The support frame includes support rods 13 and telescopic beams 14. The upper ends of the four support rods 13 are respectively hinged to the ends of the fixed telescopic rod 8 and the swing telescopic rod 9, and the lower ends are inserted into both sides of the track. A telescopic beam 14 is provided in the middle of the two support rods 13 on the same side. The guide wheel 14 is rotatably connected in the middle of the telescopic beam 14. An adaptive width adjustment mechanism is provided between the wheel axle of the guide wheel 14 and the telescopic beam 14.

[0029] As an optional solution, the adaptive width adjustment mechanism in this embodiment includes springs 3, and limit plates 16 are provided at both ends of the axle. A spring 3 is provided between the limit plate 16 and the telescopic beam 14, and between the telescopic beam 14 and the end face of the guide wheel 14. All springs 3 are in a compressed state. In use, the limit plate 16 adaptively extends and retracts under the action of the springs 3, so that the support rod 13 is tightly attached to the side of the guide rail.

[0030] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a damping reset mechanism is also provided on the plumb bob 7. The damping reset mechanism includes an N-pole magnet plate 17 and an S-pole magnet plate 18, which are respectively disposed on the telescopic beam 14 and located on both sides of the plumb bob 7. The plumb bob 7 is made of metal. When the plumb bob 7 swings back and forth, it cuts the magnetic field lines to generate damping, shortening the rest time of the plumb bob 7 after swinging, so as to keep the prism 6 stationary as soon as possible for measurement work and improve work efficiency. A N-pole magnet plate 17 or an S-pole magnet plate 18 is fixedly connected to one of the two support rods 13 located inside the track. The laser of the laser rangefinder 4 of the ranging mechanism can be projected perpendicularly onto the N-pole magnet plate 17 or the S-pole magnet plate 18 along a straight line. The reflective surface of the N-pole magnet plate 17 or the S-pole magnet plate 18 is flush with the inner side of the track and is used to measure the distance between the tracks. The laser emitting ends of the two laser rangefinders 4 are in the same position but opposite in direction. Therefore, the distance from the laser emitting ends of the two laser rangefinders 4 to the magnet plate is the distance between the two tracks.

[0031] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the telescopic main beam includes an outer cylinder 1 and an inner rod 2. The inner end of the inner rod 2 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 1. Springs 3 are provided at both ends of the inner end and the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 1 to facilitate adaptation to different track spacings.

[0032] As an optional solution, the ranging mechanism in this embodiment includes a pair of laser rangefinders 4. Both laser rangefinders 4 are located in the middle of the telescopic main beam, with their emission points coinciding and facing opposite directions. The laser beams emitted by the two rangefinders 4 are aligned with the length of the telescopic main beam. The laser beams from the rangefinders 4 can be perpendicularly projected onto the N-pole magnet plate 17 or the S-pole magnet plate 18. Preferably, the outer surface of the N-pole magnet plate 17 or the S-pole magnet plate 18 is flush with the contact surface between the support rod 13 and the track. Therefore, the sum of the measurement data from the two laser rangefinders 4 represents the distance between the two tracks.

[0033] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a push handle 19 is provided on the telescopic main beam to facilitate manual pushing. The push handle 19 is provided with a control switch 20 for the distance measuring mechanism and a digital display screen 21.

[0034] In this embodiment, the track parameter measuring device can be assembled for only about five thousand yuan, which is low cost. The traditional measurement mode using a total station requires four people and can measure 1km per day, while this embodiment only requires three people: one person pushing the trolley, one person operating the total station, and one person setting up the rearview prism, which can measure more than 2km per day.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the track parameter measuring device is used, the four support rods 13 are respectively clamped on one side of the track. The guide wheel 14 is rolled on top of the track by pushing the handle 19. After being pushed to the measurement point, the track positioning frame and prism 6 need to be kept stationary and stable. After the vehicle is stationary, the person pushing the trolley needs to check the direction of the prism 6 and adjust it to the direction of the total station. The total station and the backsight prism 6 are placed at the control point with known coordinates. The telescope is precisely aimed at the center of the backsight prism at backsight point B for backsight orientation. At this time, the total station is used to observe the prisms 6 on the left and right tracks. The three-dimensional coordinates of each data point are (X, Y, Z), where X and Y are plane coordinates and Z is elevation. The distance between the two tracks is measured using two laser rangefinders 4, and the distance is added together to obtain the track width. The total station and laser rangefinders 4 should be measured together at the same position on the track to avoid errors due to different data positions. The coordinates of the control point are known data obtained from the control survey.

[0036] During the measurement process, the total station needs to be precisely set up at the measurement station O (centered and leveled), and the instrument height hi should be measured and entered. The backsight prism should be set up at the backsight point B (centered and leveled), and the prism height hr should be measured and entered. The azimuth angle θ is the azimuth angle of OP (the angle formed by the clockwise rotation of the positive X-axis and the projection of point P onto the horizontal plane). After the backsight prism is oriented, the instrument can calculate the azimuth angle θ based on the horizontal angle ∠B'OP'. The zenith distance z is the vertical angle between point P and the H-axis, which is the angle within the vertical plane. S is the slope distance from point O to point P; see [link to documentation] for details. Figure 6 .

[0037] Formula for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of prism 6 at the observation point: X P =X O +S*sin(z)*cos(θ) Y P =Y O +S*sin(z)*sin(θ) Z P =Z O +hi+S*cos(z)-hr In the formula: hr is the distance from prism 6 to the highest point of the track top surface, which can be determined through pre-measurement; the recorded instrument parameters include instrument height hi and backsight prism height hr, which are measured on-site. Instrument height hi is the vertical height from the ground at point O to the center of the instrument's horizontal axis; backsight prism height hr is the vertical height from the ground at point B to the center of the prism; θ represents the horizontal angle (clockwise) between the X-axis and the target point P with the total station as the center O, i.e., the azimuth angle; zenith distance z is the angle between the direction of the aiming prism P and the zenith direction in the same vertical plane; S represents the slope distance between O and P. By observing which prism on the track, the coordinates and elevation of each point to be measured can be obtained according to the above calculation principle.

[0038] The control point where the total station is located is station O, and the known coordinates of station O are (X... O Y O Z O The control point where the rearview prism is located is rearview point B, and the known coordinates of rearview point B are (X...). B Y B Z B The point to be measured and calculated is the prism point P. Assume the coordinates of the prism point P are (X...). P Y P Z P The total station's observations (data that can be directly displayed) include the slope distance S and the horizontal reading H. RP Zenith distance z. Slope distance S is the straight-line distance from station O to prism P; horizontal reading H. RP With station O as the corner point and ∠BOP as the horizontal reading H, RP This refers to the horizontal circle reading when the instrument is aimed at point P.

[0039] Track spacing measurement: The track spacing is equal to the sum of the measured distances of the two laser rangefinders 4.

[0040] The track parameter measuring device in this embodiment can detect and calculate track parameters (horizontal, elevation, triangular irregularities, and track alignment) by measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the left and right rails respectively, so as to promptly identify potential safety hazards caused by track alignment. For example, excessive horizontal deviation can cause the vehicle's center of gravity to shift, causing the vehicle body to tilt, affecting ride comfort, and in severe cases, it may even lead to vehicle overturning; elevation irregularities are the main cause of vertical vibration and impact in vehicles, known as the "king of track irregularities," which will seriously affect ride comfort and accelerate fatigue damage to vehicle and track components; triangular irregularities can cause the vehicle wheelset to lose balance in a short time, with individual wheels suspended in the air, greatly reducing the wheel-rail contact area and making it very easy to cause derailment accidents. Therefore, it is more harmful to driving safety than simple horizontal deviation; poor track alignment can cause the vehicle to produce violent lateral swaying and "snaking motion," severely reducing ride comfort, aggravating wheel and rail wear, and is also an important factor inducing derailment.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "this embodiment," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the described embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A track parameter measuring device, characterized by: The system includes a track positioning frame, a prism positioning assembly, and a distance measuring mechanism. The track positioning frame includes a telescopic main beam and a roller mechanism. The outer cylinder and inner rod of the telescopic main beam are respectively connected to the roller mechanism. The two ends of the telescopic main beam are respectively movably connected to the prism positioning assembly, and the lower surface is provided with a distance measuring mechanism. The roller mechanism is used to slide in match with the track. The prism positioning assembly can ensure that it is always in the center plane of the track. The prism positioning assembly is used to match with a total station. The distance measuring mechanism is used to measure the distance between the two tracks.

2. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The prism positioning assembly includes a universal ball hinge, a prism, and a plumb bob. The universal ball hinge is rotatably mounted on the outer cylinder end and the inner rod end of the telescopic main beam, respectively. The upper end of the ball of the universal ball hinge is fixedly connected to the prism, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the plumb bob. The connecting rods of the prism and the plumb bob are coaxially arranged, and the plumb bob enables the prism to be finally in a vertical state.

3. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that The universal ball hinge is externally connected to a centering assembly, which includes a fixed telescopic rod, a swing telescopic rod, an inner rotating sleeve, and an outer rotating sleeve. The inner rotating sleeve and the outer rotating sleeve are sequentially fitted on the outer side of the ball of the universal ball hinge. A pair of swing telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on the inner rotating sleeve, and a pair of fixed telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on the outer rotating sleeve. The inner rotating sleeve and the outer rotating sleeve can rotate relative to each other. All the fixed telescopic rods and the swing telescopic rods are arranged along the radial direction of the ball. The ends of the fixed telescopic rods and the swing telescopic rods are hinged to the upper end of the roller mechanism frame.

4. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that An arc-shaped groove is provided on the outer rotating sleeve, and the fixed telescopic rod passes through the arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped groove is arranged along the circumference of the sphere and is in a horizontal position. The included angle between the fixed telescopic rod and the swing telescopic rod can change.

5. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller mechanism frame includes a support frame, guide wheels, and an adaptive width adjustment mechanism. The support frame includes support rods and telescopic beams. The upper ends of the four support rods are respectively hinged to the ends of the fixed telescopic rod and the swing telescopic rod, and the lower ends are inserted into both sides of the track. A telescopic beam is provided in the middle of the two support rods on the same side. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the middle of the telescopic beam. The adaptive width adjustment mechanism is provided between the axle of the guide wheel and the telescopic beam.

6. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that The adaptive width adjustment mechanism includes springs, and limit plates are provided at both ends of the wheel axle. A spring is provided between the limit plate and the telescopic beam, and between the telescopic beam and the end face of the guide wheel. All the springs are in a compressed state.

7. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that The plumb bob is also equipped with a damping reset mechanism, which includes an N-pole magnet plate and an S-pole magnet plate. The N-pole magnet plate and the S-pole magnet plate are respectively disposed on the telescopic beam, and the N-pole magnet plate and the S-pole magnet plate are respectively located on both sides of the plumb bob. The plumb bob is made of metal. When the plumb bob swings back and forth, it cuts the magnetic field lines to generate damping.

8. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic main beam includes the outer cylinder and the inner rod. The inner end of the inner rod is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and springs are provided at both ends of the inner end and the inner cavity of the outer cylinder.

9. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ranging mechanism includes a pair of laser rangefinders, both of which are located in the middle of the telescopic main beam. The emission points of the two laser rangefinders coincide and face opposite directions, and the laser beams emitted by the laser rangefinders are in the same direction as the length of the telescopic main beam.

10. The track parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic main beam is equipped with a push handle.

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