An artistic high conversion efficiency photovoltaic building panel

Abstract

The utility model discloses an artistic high conversion efficiency photovoltaic building board which comprises a substrate, a solar cell fixed on the substrate, and a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material fixed above the solar cell. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is at least two pieces, and the two or more pieces of light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material are laid in parallel above the solar cell with a gap between adjacent light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials. The artistic high conversion efficiency photovoltaic building board retains artistic aesthetics and can improve the absorption efficiency of sunlight, thereby improving the solar energy conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building photovoltaic materials technology. Specifically, this utility model relates to an artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing awareness of energy conservation and the development of new energy sources, technologies have emerged that provide energy to buildings by adding photovoltaic structures to roofs and / or walls—this is known as building photovoltaic (PV) technology. Currently, PV building integration represents a new direction in solar power generation, where solar photovoltaic arrays are installed on the exterior surface of the building envelope to provide electricity. However, currently, the main component of PV technology—the solar cells—can only appear black or blue. To ensure sufficient light enters the solar cells and allows them to fully utilize their photoelectric conversion function, current PV panels use glass panels covering the surface of the solar cells as a protective layer. When these PV panels are attached to the exterior surface of a building, that part of the building appears black or blue, creating a color and pattern mismatch with the rest of the building and severely damaging its aesthetic appeal.

[0003] The applicant has invented a decorative surface material with light-guiding function. Although the surface of the decorative surface material is printed or sprayed with patterns, it can still allow sunlight to enter from the outer surface and be fully refracted out from the back, as shown in Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN118580786A.

[0004] Therefore, using light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials to create photovoltaic panels that are both aesthetically pleasing and have high photoelectric conversion efficiency has become an effective way to address the obstacles to the promotion and application of building-integrated photovoltaics. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to address the obstacles in the application of photovoltaic panels in the prior art, such as damage to architectural aesthetics or low light energy utilization efficiency, and provides an artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel. This artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel is suitable for installation on the surface of building walls, and its appearance can be coordinated with the building. Moreover, it has high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An artistic high-efficiency photovoltaic building panel includes a substrate, solar cells fixed on the substrate, and light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material fixed above the solar cells. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material consists of at least two pieces, which are laid parallel above the solar cells with gaps between adjacent pieces.

[0008] Furthermore, the length and width specifications of two or more of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials may be the same or different.

[0009] Furthermore, the length and width of the gaps between adjacent light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials may be the same or different, and the width of the gaps is smaller than the width of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials.

[0010] Furthermore, two or more of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials are arranged in an array, and the row spacing of each row of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials is equal to or different from the column spacing of each column of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material includes a multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer and a pattern layer sprayed or printed on the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is 0.2-1mm, wherein the thickness of the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer is 0.15-0.95mm, and the thickness of the pattern layer is 0.05-0.2mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is adhered and fixed above the solar cell through a first transparent adhesive layer; the solar cell is adhered above the substrate through a second transparent adhesive layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the solar cell has a protective layer on both its surface and back side, and also includes a battery support layer, with the protective layer on the back side of the solar cell fixed to the battery support layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery support layer is a flexible support layer, and the battery support layer is fixed on the substrate.

[0016] Furthermore, the flexible support layer is a modified inorganic powder composite support layer, and the substrate is a honeycomb aluminum plate, aluminum single plate, fiberboard, galvanized plate, integrated insulation plate, steel plate, or inorganic curing / pressing molding plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] This invention relates to a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material for covering solar cells. This non-transparent surface material allows sunlight to penetrate and reach the solar cells, where it is absorbed and converted into electricity. However, from the outside, only the patterns and colors of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material are visible. Therefore, the portion of the solar cells covered by the material is not visible from the outside of the panel. The gaps between the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials represent the uncovered portions of the solar cells, which are black or blue. From the outside, the visual effect is that black or blue borders surround the patterns and colors of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material, creating an artistic visual effect. Compared to completely covering the entire solar cell with the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material, this invention's gap-covering method results in higher photoelectric conversion efficiency for the solar cells. It meets the application requirements in terms of both architectural aesthetics and photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an artistically designed high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of an artistically designed high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of an artistically designed high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of an artistically designed high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic building panel in Comparative Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic building material in Comparative Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0028] In one aspect, this utility model proposes an artistically designed high-efficiency photovoltaic building panel, according to an embodiment of this utility model, with reference to... Figure 1-4 The artistically designed high-efficiency photovoltaic building panel includes a substrate 30, solar cells 20, and a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10. The solar cells 20 are fixed above the substrate 30, and the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 is fixed above the solar cells 20. There are at least two light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials 10, and a gap 10a is left between adjacent light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials 10.

[0029] In this embodiment, a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 is used to cover the solar cell 20. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 is a non-transparent layer that allows sunlight to pass through, but from the outside, only the texture and color of the surface of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 can be seen, and the solar cell 20 underneath cannot be seen. After the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 is covered, the solar cell 20 in the covered part will be covered, and the solar cell 20 can no longer be seen from the outside. Only the pattern and color of the light-transmitting pattern area are visible, thus maintaining the aesthetics of the building. In addition, there are gaps 10a between the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials 10. The gaps 10a are the color of the solar cell itself - blue or black - when viewed from the outside. They can serve as the frame of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10, which not only preserves the artistic beauty, but also, compared with the part covered by the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10, the solar cell 20 in the gaps 10a is completely unobstructed, can absorb more sunlight, and can improve the absorption efficiency of sunlight, thereby improving the solar energy conversion efficiency.

[0030] Although sunlight can penetrate the light-guiding non-transparent decorative material 10, the transmittance of sunlight is definitely lower than that of the completely uncovered part. The solar cell 20 not covered by the light-guiding non-transparent decorative material 10 will definitely have a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0031] In this embodiment, the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 can be an earlier invention of the applicant, such as the light-guiding decorative surface layer described in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118580786A. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 includes a multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer and a pattern layer sprayed or printed on the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer. The thickness of the entire light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is 0.2-1 mm, wherein the thickness of the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer is 0.15-0.95 mm, and the thickness of the pattern layer is 0.05-0.2 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the entire light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is 0.55-0.75 mm, wherein the thickness of the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer is 0.50-0.70 mm, and the thickness of the pattern layer is 0.05-0.1 mm. Of course, other material layers that have the ability to transmit sunlight but are non-transparent are also within the scope of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 in this embodiment.

[0032] In this embodiment, the specifications of each light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10, namely its length and width, can be cut according to the design. The specifications of each light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 can be the same or different. Patterns can be designed and combined independently, and then cut according to the design. For example... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials 10 are arranged in a regular pattern. When the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials 10 are rectangular and multiple light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials 10 are neatly arranged in rows and columns, the gaps 10a reveal the black color of the solar cell 20 itself, and the overall appearance is similar to the appearance of existing split bricks. Similarly, the gaps 10a between each adjacent light-guiding non-transparent decorative material 10 can be the same or different, and the arrangement design can be carried out according to the aforementioned appearance effect.

[0033] In this embodiment, the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 is adhered and fixed above the solar cell 20 via a first transparent adhesive layer 10b; the solar cell 20 is adhered above the substrate via a second transparent adhesive layer 22. The first and second transparent adhesive layers are cured and molded using an adhesive, such as EVA or POE.

[0034] Since the solar cell 20 is a thin and brittle component, direct bonding and pressing would cause it to break. Therefore, a protective layer 21 is provided on both the front and back of the solar cell. The protective layer 21 is a transparent sheet, and a PET transparent sheet can be used.

[0035] Furthermore, the inventors discovered that placing a flexible support layer on top of the solar cell 20 before fixing it to the substrate 30 provides better protection for the solar cell, offering significant protection both during the manufacturing process and during product use. On one hand, this provides excellent protection and buffering for the solar cell 20 during transportation and transfer on the production line before it is laminated with the substrate 30. On the other hand, after lamination, since the substrate 30 is directly installed onto the wall (the substrate can be a honeycomb aluminum panel, aluminum single panel, fiberboard, galvanized board, integrated insulation board, steel plate, or inorganic curing / pressed board), its hard surface provides excellent buffering during the transition.

[0036] Although the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 in this embodiment has light-transmitting capabilities, it still reduces some sunlight penetration due to some obstruction, resulting in relatively lower light transmittance compared to areas without any coverage. The combination of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 and the gap 10a preserves the architectural aesthetics while maximizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 20. The solar cell can be a monocrystalline silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell, a perovskite thin-film solar cell, etc. Comparing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the artistically designed high-efficiency photovoltaic building panels using the same cell material, the results are as follows:

[0037] Comparative Example 1: Please refer to Figure 5 The photovoltaic building panel includes a substrate and solar cells 20 fixed on the substrate. The surface of the solar cells 20 is no longer covered with a light-guiding non-transparent decorative material 10. From the appearance, the surface of the photovoltaic building panel is black.

[0038] Comparison Column 2: Please refer to Figure 6 The photovoltaic building panel includes a substrate, solar cells 20 fixed on the substrate, and a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 fixed on the surface of the solar cells, which completely covers all areas of the solar cells 20.

[0039] The artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel of this embodiment, the photovoltaic building panel of Comparative Example 1, and the photovoltaic building panel of Comparative Example 2 all have the same specifications (1200mm long, 600mm wide), and the solar cells are all from the same manufacturer and of the same model. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material 10 on the surface of the artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel of this embodiment is designed according to... Figure 4 Arrange them in a pattern.

[0040] Testing revealed that the photovoltaic building panel of Comparative Example 1 had a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 22%, the artistic photovoltaic building panel of Comparative Example 2 had a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 10-12%, and the artistic high-conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel of this application embodiment had a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 15-18%. This demonstrates that the photovoltaic building panel of this application embodiment maintains high photoelectric conversion efficiency while preserving architectural aesthetics.

[0041] It should be noted that the artistically designed high-efficiency photovoltaic building panels in this application can be installed on roofs, exterior walls, fences, and other buildings. In practice, they are used in newly built and / or renovated residential buildings, commercial buildings, hotels, schools, hospitals, bridges, power plants, office buildings, etc.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artistic high conversion efficiency photovoltaic building panel, characterized by, The device includes a substrate, a solar cell fixed on the substrate, and a light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material fixed above the solar cell. The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material consists of at least two pieces, which are laid in parallel above the solar cell with gaps between adjacent pieces.

2. The artistic high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to claim 1, wherein: Two or more of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface materials may have the same or different length and width specifications.

3. The high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic architectural panel with art according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length and width of the gaps between adjacent light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials may be the same or different, and the width of the gaps is smaller than the width of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials.

4. The artistic high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to claim 3, wherein: Two or more of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials are arranged in an array, and the row spacing of each row of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials is equal to or different from the column spacing of each column of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative materials.

5. The high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic architectural panel with art according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material includes a multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer and a pattern layer sprayed or printed on the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer.

6. The artistic high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel according to claim 5, wherein, The thickness of the light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is 0.2-1mm, wherein the thickness of the multi-faceted refractive microcrystalline layer is 0.15-0.95mm, and the thickness of the pattern layer is 0.05-0.2mm.

7. The high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic architectural panel with artistry of claim 1, wherein: The light-guiding non-transparent decorative surface material is adhered and fixed above the solar cell through a first transparent adhesive layer; the solar cell is adhered above the substrate through a second transparent adhesive layer.

8. The artistic high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic building panel of claim 1, wherein: The solar cell has a protective layer on both its surface and back, and also includes a battery support layer. The protective layer on the back of the solar cell is fixed to the battery support layer.

9. The high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic architectural panel with art according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery support layer is a flexible support layer, and the battery support layer is fixed on the substrate.

10. The high- conversion-efficiency photovoltaic architectural panel with art according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flexible support layer is a modified inorganic powder composite support layer, and the substrate is a honeycomb aluminum plate, aluminum single plate, fiberboard, galvanized plate, integrated insulation plate, steel plate, or inorganic curing / pressing molding plate.

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