Hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydrogen fuel ship ventilation systems, it is related to ship hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation and safety protection technical field.The system includes first ventilation pipe, hydrogen fuel cell module, second ventilation pipe, two automatic fire damper and fan;Hydrogen fuel cell module is equipped with air inlet and air outlet, first ventilation pipe connects air inlet, second ventilation pipe connects air outlet, two automatic fire dampers are respectively installed in first, second ventilation pipe, fan is connected with second ventilation pipe.When normal operation, fan drives external air to enter module through first ventilation pipe, air inlet, after taking away heat, exhaust from air outlet, second ventilation pipe, realize heat dissipation;Automatic fire damper is always open to keep air passage unobstructed.When fire, automatic fire damper is quickly closed, cut off air inlet and air outlet passage, prevent oxygen combustion-supporting and fire spread.It is simple in structure, give consideration to heat dissipation efficiency and fire safety, adapt to the demand of marine hydrogen fuel cell system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology for ships, and in particular to a ventilation system for hydrogen fuel cell ships. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by global "dual carbon" goals, marine hydrogen fuel cell systems have become a core direction for green ship power due to their advantages such as zero carbon emissions, high efficiency, and low noise. However, they continuously release a large amount of heat during operation. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will reduce power generation efficiency, shorten service life, and even cause malfunctions. Therefore, an efficient heat dissipation system is crucial to ensuring their safe operation.

[0003] Currently, most marine hydrogen fuel cells rely on ventilation for heat dissipation, using ducts and fans to drive airflow and remove heat. While this method is simple and low-cost, it lacks fire safety: the system focuses solely on heat dissipation and lacks fire-resistant isolation mechanisms. When the battery catches fire due to thermal runaway or hydrogen leakage, the ducts continuously supply air (oxygen) to the fire area, exacerbating the fire. Furthermore, the lack of automatic ventilation shut-off and duct sealing capabilities makes it easy for the fire to spread, threatening the safety of the ship and personnel. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a ventilation system for hydrogen fuel cell ships.

[0005] A hydrogen fuel cell ship ventilation system designed for this purpose includes a first ventilation duct, a hydrogen fuel cell module, a second ventilation duct, an automatic fire damper, and a fan. The hydrogen fuel cell module is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet. The first ventilation duct is connected to the air inlet; The second ventilation duct is connected to the air outlet; Two automatic fire-blocking dampers are provided and are respectively connected to the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe; the automatic fire-blocking damper is located between the two automatic fire-blocking dampers. The fan is connected to the second ventilation duct.

[0006] Preferably, a first one-way valve is installed on the second ventilation pipe between the fan and the air outlet.

[0007] Preferably, an automatic fire damper connected to the second ventilation duct is installed on the second ventilation duct between the air outlet and the first one-way valve.

[0008] Preferably, the first ventilation duct is equipped with a second one-way valve and a wind pressure sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the wind pressure sensor is disposed in the first ventilation pipe between the second one-way valve and the hydrogen fuel cell module.

[0010] Preferably, the air inlet end of the first ventilation duct is connected to a first air box; the first air box is connected to a ventilation inlet. The air outlet of the fan is connected to a second air box; the second air box is connected to a ventilation outlet, which is located on the outside of the deck.

[0011] Preferably, the first air box is connected to an extension pipe extending to the outside of the deck, and the end of the extension pipe away from the first air box is connected to a gooseneck ventilation duct; the end of the gooseneck ventilation duct away from the extension pipe is the ventilation inlet.

[0012] Preferably, an automatic fire damper connected to the first ventilation duct is installed in the extension duct.

[0013] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell module is provided in several units; The first ventilation duct is provided with a number of first pipe fittings corresponding to a number of hydrogen fuel cell modules; The second ventilation duct is provided with a number of second pipe fittings corresponding to a number of hydrogen fuel cell modules; The first pipe fitting is connected to the air inlet by a flexible hose; The second pipe fitting is connected to the air outlet by a flexible hose.

[0014] Preferably, the hose is made of stainless steel.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this invention establishes a "two-way fireproof isolation" mechanism by installing automatic fire dampers in both the first and second ventilation ducts. When a fire occurs in the hydrogen fuel cell module, the automatic fire dampers can quickly respond and cut off the air intake and exhaust channels. This prevents external air (oxygen) from continuously entering the fire area through the first ventilation duct to fuel combustion, and also prevents flames or high-temperature smoke from spreading to other areas of the ship through the second ventilation duct. This significantly reduces the risk of fire escalation, buys time for crew emergency response, and effectively ensures the safety of the ship and its personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of this utility model; Figure 3 This is the second partial structural schematic diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] See Figures 1-3 A ventilation system for a hydrogen fuel cell ship includes a first ventilation duct 10, a hydrogen fuel cell module 20, a second ventilation duct 30, an automatic fire damper 40, and a fan 50. The hydrogen fuel cell module 20 is provided with an air inlet 210 and an air outlet 220. The first ventilation duct 10 is connected to the air inlet 210; the second ventilation duct 30 is connected to the air outlet 220; two automatic fire dampers 40 are provided and connected to the first ventilation duct 10 and the second ventilation duct 30 respectively; the automatic fire damper 40 is positioned between the two automatic fire dampers 40; the fan 50 is connected to the second ventilation duct 30. The automatic fire damper 40 can be an existing fail-safe automatic fire damper. The fan 50 can be an existing explosion-proof fan, preferably a spark-free explosion-proof fan.

[0019] This hydrogen fuel cell ship's ventilation system achieves both efficient daily heat dissipation and emergency fire protection through the coordinated operation of its components. The specific working principle is as follows: Under normal system operation (stable power generation of the hydrogen fuel cell module 20), the explosion-proof fan 50 starts and generates power, driving external air to flow along the first ventilation duct 10 and enter the module through the air inlet 210. Inside the module, the air comes into full contact with the heated battery components, carrying away the heat generated during operation through thermal convection. The hot air, after heat exchange, then enters the second ventilation duct 30 through the module's air outlet 220 and is finally discharged from the system under the continuous drive of the explosion-proof fan 50, forming a complete ventilation and heat dissipation cycle and maintaining the hydrogen fuel cell module 20 within a suitable temperature range. During this process, the two automatic fire dampers 40 (connected to the first ventilation duct 10 and the second ventilation duct 30 respectively) remain open to ensure unobstructed airflow and to maintain air circulation efficiency. When a fire occurs in the hydrogen fuel cell module 20 (such as thermal runaway, hydrogen leak and fire), the fail-safe automatic fire damper 40 can respond quickly (triggered by temperature sensing, flame detection signals, or system emergency commands). Two dampers close simultaneously: on one hand, the automatic fire damper 40 on the first ventilation duct 10 cuts off the entry of external air (oxygen), preventing continuous oxygen supply to fuel the fire; on the other hand, the automatic fire damper 40 on the second ventilation duct 30 blocks the spread of flames or high-temperature smoke outside the system, preventing the fire from spreading to other areas of the ship. Simultaneously, the explosion-proof fan 50 can stop operating or maintain low power as needed in an emergency, further reducing the impact of airflow on the fire and creating safe conditions for subsequent fire suppression.

[0020] In this invention, the hydrogen fuel cell module 20 mainly consists of a housing and a hydrogen fuel cell body. The hydrogen fuel cell body is disposed inside the housing, while the air inlet 210 and air outlet 220 are respectively disposed on both sides of the housing. During use, a small amount of hydrogen gas overflowing from the hydrogen fuel cell body diffuses within the housing and is carried away by the cooling air.

[0021] In this invention, a first one-way valve 60 is installed on the second ventilation pipe 30 between the fan 50 and the air outlet 220. During normal heat dissipation, this ensures that the hot air discharged through the air outlet 220 flows unidirectionally to the fan 50 and is smoothly discharged, preventing backflow of air from affecting the heat dissipation circulation efficiency.

[0022] In this invention, an automatic fire-blocking damper 40 connected to the second ventilation pipe 30 is installed on the second ventilation pipe 30 between the air outlet 220 and the first one-way valve 60.

[0023] In this invention, the first ventilation duct 10 is equipped with a second one-way valve 70; during normal heat dissipation, it ensures that external air flows unidirectionally to the air inlet 210 of the hydrogen fuel cell module 20, preventing backflow of air from disrupting the heat dissipation cycle. The first ventilation duct 10 is equipped with a wind pressure sensor 80. It can monitor changes in wind pressure inside the duct in real time, and is electrically connected to the backend terminal to send electrical signals to it, providing timely feedback on whether the air duct is unobstructed (such as blockage or leakage), ensuring stable ventilation efficiency, and providing data support for system fault early warning.

[0024] Specifically, the wind pressure sensor 80 is installed in the first ventilation pipe 10 between the second one-way valve 70 and the hydrogen fuel cell module 20.

[0025] See Figures 1 to 3 The first ventilation duct 10 has an air inlet connected to a first air box 910; the first air box 910 has a ventilation inlet 900; the fan 50 has an air outlet connected to a second air box 940; the second air box 940 has a ventilation outlet 950 located on the outer side of the deck. The first air box 910 connects the air inlet of the first ventilation duct 10 to the ventilation inlet 900, buffering and stabilizing the external air drawn in from the ventilation inlet 900, preventing airflow fluctuations from affecting the stability of air delivery within the first ventilation duct 10, and ensuring uniform air intake for the hydrogen fuel cell module 20. The second air box 940 connects the air outlet of the fan 50 to the ventilation outlet 950, guiding and stabilizing the hot air discharged from the fan 50, preventing hot air from directly impacting the duct and causing airflow turbulence, thus improving airflow efficiency. The ventilation outlet 950, located on the outer side of the deck, can directly guide the hot air discharged by the system to the outside of the ship, preventing hot air from accumulating in the cabin and affecting other equipment, while also reducing the risk of high-temperature smoke spreading in the cabin during a fire, thus improving safety.

[0026] See Figure 2The first air box 910 is connected to an extension pipe 920 extending to the outside of the deck. The end of the extension pipe 920 away from the first air box 910 is connected to a gooseneck ventilation duct 930. The end of the gooseneck ventilation duct 930 away from the extension pipe 920 is the ventilation inlet 900. The extension pipe 920 connects the first air box 910 to the gooseneck ventilation duct 930 on the outside of the deck, providing a stable channel for external air to enter the first air box 910 and preventing short circuits that could obstruct airflow. The gooseneck ventilation duct 930, as the carrier of the ventilation inlet 900, effectively blocks rainwater and waves from splashing into the system, while also preventing debris from falling directly into the ventilation inlet 900, ensuring that the air entering the first air box 910 is clean and dry, thus laying the foundation for stable airflow into the hydrogen fuel cell module 20.

[0027] Specifically, the gooseneck ventilation duct 930 adopts the existing gooseneck ventilation duct with fireproof mesh.

[0028] Specifically, an automatic fire damper 40 connected to the first ventilation duct 10 is installed in the extension duct 920.

[0029] See Figure 1 The hydrogen fuel cell module 20 is provided in a plurality of ways; the first ventilation pipe 10 is provided with a plurality of first pipe fittings 110 corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen fuel cell modules 20; the second ventilation pipe 30 is provided with a plurality of second pipe fittings 310 corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen fuel cell modules 20; the first pipe fittings 110 are connected to the air inlet 210 by a flexible hose; the second pipe fittings 310 are connected to the air outlet 220 by a flexible hose.

[0030] In this invention, all pipe fittings, the automatic fire damper 40, and the fan 50 are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has a smooth and clean surface, effectively reducing air resistance and preventing the introduction of impurities, thus minimizing their entry into the battery and extending its lifespan.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system characterized by: It includes a first ventilation duct (10), a hydrogen fuel cell module (20), a second ventilation duct (30), an automatic fire damper (40), and a fan (50); The hydrogen fuel cell module (20) is provided with an air inlet (210) and an air outlet (220). The first ventilation pipe (10) is connected to the air inlet (210); The second ventilation duct (30) is connected to the air outlet (220); Two automatic fire-blocking dampers (40) are provided and are respectively connected to the first ventilation pipe (10) and the second ventilation pipe (30); the automatic fire-blocking damper (40) is located between the two automatic fire-blocking dampers (40); The fan (50) is connected to the second ventilation pipe (30).

2. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: A first one-way valve (60) is installed on the second ventilation pipe (30) between the fan (50) and the air outlet (220).

3. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein: An automatic fire damper (40) connected to the second ventilation pipe (30) is installed on the second ventilation pipe (30) between the air outlet (220) and the first one-way valve (60).

4. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: The first ventilation duct (10) is equipped with a second one-way valve (70) and a wind pressure sensor (80).

5. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 4, wherein: The wind pressure sensor (80) is located in the first ventilation pipe (10) between the second one-way valve (70) and the hydrogen fuel cell module (20).

6. A ventilation system for a hydrogen fuel cell ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ventilation duct (10) is connected to a first air box (910) at its air inlet end; the first air box (910) is connected to a ventilation inlet (900). The air outlet of the fan (50) is connected to a second air box (940); the second air box (940) is connected to a ventilation outlet (950), which is located on the outside of the deck.

7. A ventilation system for a hydrogen fuel cell ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first air box (910) is connected to an extension pipe (920) extending to the outside of the deck. The end of the extension pipe (920) away from the first air box (910) is connected to a gooseneck ventilation duct (930). The end of the gooseneck ventilation duct (930) away from the extension pipe (920) is the ventilation inlet (900).

8. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 7, wherein: An automatic fire damper (40) connected to the first ventilation pipe (10) is installed in the extension pipe (920).

9. A hydrogen fuel ship ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen fuel cell module (20) is provided in several units; The first ventilation pipe (10) is provided with a number of first pipe fittings (110) corresponding to a number of hydrogen fuel cell modules (20). The second ventilation pipe (30) is provided with a number of second pipe fittings (310) corresponding to a number of hydrogen fuel cell modules (20); The first pipe fitting (110) is connected to the air inlet (210) by a flexible hose; The second pipe fitting (310) is connected to the air outlet (220) by a flexible hose.

10. A ventilation system for a hydrogen fuel cell ship according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hose is made of stainless steel.

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