A plunge plate for a centerless grinder and a processing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a centerless grinding machine cutting formula cutter plate and processing device belongs to precision machinery equipment field. The cutter plate main part is equipped with the supporting surface for supporting the hollow shaft, is equipped with a set of thread hole to the right of supporting surface, is used for installing and positioning the L type backrest of hollow shaft fine grinding area. The cutter plate includes rear side cutter plate, processing area and front side cutter plate, and the processing area includes the supporting surface and the concave surface. The cutter plate is equipped with the waist shape groove, can realize height adjustment, and is suitable for different specifications grinding unit. The processing device includes the grinding wheel, the guide pulley, the cutter plate and L type backrest, constitutes the structure of cutting formula centerless grinding machine, is applicable to the high accuracy grinding of step shaft class workpiece. The utility model discloses through the structure optimization, realized the change from the through type grinding to the cutting type grinding, effectively guarantees that workpiece diameter tolerance is within 2um, roundness reaches 0.005mm, and the processing precision and process stability have been improved significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precision machining equipment, and is mainly a centerless grinder cutting blade and machining device. Background Technology

[0002] Hollow shafts require high precision, and traditional cylindrical grinding machines cannot meet the diameter tolerance and roundness requirements. Centerless grinding machines can achieve the required precision by grinding the outer diameter through a through-feed method, but they cannot machine non-standard hollow shaft parts. Figure 1 and 2 The non-standard hollow shaft 5 shown mainly includes an outer circle 5-2, a step 5-3, a groove 5-4, and a hole 5-5. Due to the step structure, it is impossible to use a through-type centerless grinder to process the outer circle to the required precision.

[0003] Currently, centerless grinders generally employ a through-feed grinding method, where the workpiece passes through the grinding zone via a V-shaped support surface formed by the guide rollers and the cutter plate. This method has the following technical drawbacks: 1. When machining short shaft parts with a length-to-diameter ratio of less than 2, axial positioning of the workpiece is difficult, and the phenomenon of "material slippage" is likely to occur; 2. When adjusting the guide wheel tilt angle, the cutter height must be corrected simultaneously, resulting in high coupling of process parameters and time-consuming debugging; 3. When grinding irregularly shaped parts (such as stepped shafts), it is necessary to frequently change special cutting tools, resulting in low flexibility. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a centerless grinder infeed cutter and machining device. It is particularly suitable for efficient batch processing of high-precision shaft and pin parts. This cutter, through its innovative structural design, improves upon traditional centerless grinder machining methods, enabling the machining of stepped shaft workpieces while reducing equipment adjustment complexity.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A centerless grinder cutting edge, wherein the main body of the cutting edge is provided with a support surface for supporting a hollow shaft, and a set of threaded holes are provided on the right side of the support surface for installing an L-shaped backing for positioning the precision grinding area of ​​the hollow shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the blade plate includes a rear blade plate, a processing area, and a front blade plate. The processing area includes a support surface and a concave surface, with the support surface fixed to the concave surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the blade plate is provided with a waist-shaped groove, which allows the blade plate to be fixed on the frame with adjustable height, adapting to grinding units of different specifications.

[0008] Furthermore, the supporting surface of the blade plate is an inclined surface facing the guide wheel, and the hollow shaft is ground on the supporting surface through a centerless grinding machine structure of the cutting type.

[0009] This utility model also provides a processing device using the centerless grinder's infeed cutter plate, including a grinding wheel, a guide wheel, a cutter plate, and an L-shaped backing. The cutter plate is disposed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel of the centerless grinder and fixed on the frame. The cutter plate is provided with a support surface for supporting a hollow shaft, and an L-shaped backing is provided on the right side of the support surface to position the fine grinding area of ​​the hollow shaft, thereby forming an infeed centerless grinder structure.

[0010] The bottom surface of the L-shaped backrest is provided with a waist-shaped groove A. The L-shaped backrest is fixedly connected to the blade plate by bolts. Different L-shaped backrests can be replaced to fit different hollow shafts.

[0011] The mechanism of this invention is as follows: the workpiece is fed along the axis of the grinding wheel for grinding, and the axial feed of the workpiece is achieved by adjusting the slight tilt angle of the guide wheel axis. The tool plate has an L-shaped support for axial positioning. The hollow shaft without a step is supported at a certain position on the tool plate, and grinding is performed by the grinding wheel or guide wheel cutting in.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The strength and rigidity of the hollow shaft are improved through heat treatment and carburizing. The innovative structural design of the cutter plate improves upon traditional centerless grinding methods, enabling the machining of stepped shaft workpieces while reducing equipment adjustment complexity. The change from through-feed centerless grinding to plunge grinding ensures a product diameter tolerance of 2μm and roundness of 0.005mm, meeting the high precision requirements of hollow shafts. By reconstructing the mechanical transmission path of the cutter plate and designing an end-face positioning mechanism, this invention significantly improves the process stability and machining accuracy of plunge grinding while maintaining the standard centerless grinding machine's main structure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow shaft.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a hollow shaft.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow shaft with a pressing zone pit forming a fine grinding area.

[0016] Figure 4 This is the front view of the blade of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the blade of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a side view of the blade of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a front view of the processing device of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a side view of the processing device of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Grinding wheel 1, Guide wheel 2, Cutting plate 3, Support surface 3-1, Waist-shaped groove 3-2, Rear cutting plate 3-3, Machining area 3-4, Front cutting plate 3-5, Threaded hole 3-6, Concave surface 3-7, L-shaped support 4, Hollow shaft 5, Fine grinding area of ​​hollow shaft 5-1, Outer circle 5-2, Step 5-3, Groove 5-4, Hole 5-5, Rough grinding area of ​​hollow shaft 5-6, Bolt 6, Pressing area pit 7. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] like Figure 4-6 As shown, this utility model provides a centerless grinder infeed cutter plate. The cutter plate 3 has a support surface 3-1 for supporting a hollow shaft 5. A set of threaded holes 3-6 are provided on the right side of the support surface 3-1 for installing and positioning the L-shaped support 4 of the precision grinding area 5-1 of the hollow shaft. The cutter plate 3 body adopts an integral alloy steel forging structure, and internal reinforcing ribs are provided to improve bending stiffness.

[0024] The blade 3 includes a rear blade 3-3, a processing area 3-4, and a front blade 3-5. The processing area 3-4 includes a support surface 3-1 and a concave surface 3-7. The support surface 3-1 is fixed on the concave surface 3-7.

[0025] The support surface 3-1 of the blade 3 is an inclined surface facing the guide wheel 2. The hollow shaft 5 is ground on the support surface 3-1 by a centerless grinding machine structure with an infeed. The blade 3 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 3-2, which allows the blade 3 to be fixed on the frame with adjustable height, adapting to grinding units of different specifications.

[0026] like Figure 7-8As shown, this utility model also provides a machining device using the centerless grinder's plunge cutter plate, including a grinding wheel 1, a guide wheel 2, a cutter plate 3, and an L-shaped support 4. The cutter plate 3 is disposed between the grinding wheel 1 and the guide wheel 2 of the centerless grinder and fixed to the machine frame. A centerless grinder is a type of grinder that does not require workpiece axis positioning for grinding. The cutter plate 3 is provided with a support surface 3-1 for supporting a hollow shaft 5. An L-shaped support 4 is provided on the right side of the support surface 3-1 to position the fine grinding area 5-1 of the hollow shaft, thus forming a plunge centerless grinder structure. The bottom surface of the L-shaped support 4 is provided with a waist-shaped groove A4-1. The L-shaped support 4 is fixedly connected to the cutter plate 3 by bolts 6. Different L-shaped supports 4 can be replaced to adapt to different hollow shafts 5. The workpiece is ground on the support surface 3-1 by a cutting motion, while an L-shaped backing 4 (end face locator) is installed on the threaded hole 3-6. The processing ends when the end face of the workpiece is close to the end face locator.

[0027] As one implementation method, this utility model provides a hollow shaft machining process, suitable for high-precision hollow shafts with diameters of Φ6~20mm and lengths of 50~150mm. The process route is as follows: blanking → turning the outer diameter 5-2, turning the step 5-3, turning the groove 5-4, turning the chamfer, turning the end face → drilling and reaming 5-5 → heat treatment → polishing → rough grinding of the outer diameter → fine grinding of the outer diameter, specifically including the following steps: (1) Cutting: The S7 tool steel is cut using a saw; (2) Machining: On the machining center, perform machining operations such as turning the outer circle, turning the step, turning the groove, turning the chamfer, turning the end face, drilling and reaming. (3) Heat treatment: Carburizing and quenching treatment is carried out in a pusher furnace. The strength and rigidity of the hollow shaft are improved through the heat treatment carburizing process. The specific process parameters of heat treatment include: pre-oxidation temperature 520℃, heating temperature 790℃, strong carburizing zone 1 temperature 790℃, strong carburizing zone 2 temperature 840℃, carbon potential 0.6, diffusion temperature 870℃, cooling temperature 910℃, carbon potential 0.6, oil temperature 60℃, tempering temperature 220℃, and cycle time 22 minutes.

[0028] (4) Polishing: Polish the burrs inside the holes and grooves; (5) Rough grinding of the outer diameter: The outer diameter of the hollow shaft and the pit 7 in the pressing area are rough ground using an external cylindrical grinding machine; the pit 7 in the pressing area is as follows: Figure 3 As shown; a hollow shaft fine grinding area 5-1 is formed on one side of the pit 7 in the pressing area, and a hollow shaft rough grinding area 5-6 is formed on the side near the step.

[0029] (6) Fine grinding of the outer diameter: The outer diameter of the hollow shaft is finely ground using a plunger-type centerless grinder. The finely ground hollow shaft meets the following accuracy requirements: diameter tolerance of 2μm, roundness of 0.005mm, and heat treatment hardness of not less than 58HRC. The original through-feed centerless grinder can guarantee the outer diameter tolerance and roundness requirements of the hollow shaft, but it cannot be plunged. By modifying the cutter plate and the robotic arm for loading and unloading, the through-feed centerless grinder was changed to a plunger-type outer diameter grinder to guarantee the outer diameter tolerance, roundness, and surface roughness requirements of the hollow shaft. As shown in Table 1, the specific finished product measurement report results are presented.

[0030] Table 1 The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A centerless grinder cutting blade, characterized in that: The blade (3) has a support surface (3-1) on its main body for supporting the hollow shaft (5). A set of threaded holes (3-6) are provided on the right side of the support surface (3-1) for installing the L-shaped backing (4) for positioning the fine grinding area (5-1) of the hollow shaft.

2. The centerless grinding machine cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (3) includes a rear blade (3-3), a processing area (3-4) and a front blade (3-5). The processing area (3-4) includes a support surface (3-1) and a concave surface (3-7). The support surface (3-1) is fixed on the concave surface (3-7).

3. The centerless grinding machine cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade (3) is provided with a waist-shaped groove (3-2), which allows the blade (3) to be fixed on the frame with adjustable height, adapting to grinding units of different specifications.

4. The centerless grinding machine cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support surface (3-1) of the blade (3) is an inclined surface facing the guide wheel (2), and the hollow shaft (5) is ground on the support surface (3-1) by a centerless grinding machine structure of the cutting type.

5. A machining apparatus employing a centerless grinder plunger as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The machine includes a grinding wheel (1), a guide wheel (2), a cutter plate (3), and an L-shaped support (4). The cutter plate (3) is set between the grinding wheel (1) and the guide wheel (2) of the centerless grinder and fixed on the machine frame. The cutter plate (3) is provided with a support surface (3-1) for supporting the hollow shaft (5). The right side of the support surface (3-1) is provided with an L-shaped support (4) for positioning the fine grinding area (5-1) of the hollow shaft, thus forming a cutting-in type centerless grinder structure.

6. The processing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the L-shaped backrest (4) is provided with a waist-shaped groove A (4-1). The L-shaped backrest (4) is fixedly connected to the blade plate (3) by bolts (6). Different L-shaped backrests (4) can be replaced to adapt to different hollow shafts (5).

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