Layered soil improvement device for abandoned stone coal mine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to soil improvement device field, concretely relates to abandoned stone coal mine soil layered improvement device, including processing bin, the inside slide coupling of processing bin has coarse material sieve plate and fine material sieve plate, coarse material sieve plate is located above fine material sieve plate, the upper end middle part of coarse material sieve plate is fixedly connected with stand, the top fixedly connected with inclined plane disc of stand, the fixed disc of stand's column body middle segment is connected with the slide, the spring of stand's column body upper segment is set up with the sleeve. The utility model discloses two layers linkage sieve plate of coarse material sieve plate and fine material sieve plate are designed, and matched independent discharge gate, realize the complicated mine soil one-time automatic separation for big granule, middle granule and small granule three layers material, this kind of high -efficient physical classification ability makes the different pollution nature and texture soil layer to be separated accurately, can be targeted to the subsequent different improvement section to be transported to, greatly promoted the precision and final effect of soil improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of soil improvement devices, specifically a soil stratification improvement device for abandoned coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] One of the core aspects of remediating abandoned coal mines is the improvement of polluted and degraded soil. The ideal improvement strategy is "layered treatment and precise improvement," which involves applying different amendments (such as lime for neutralizing acidity, passivating agents for stabilizing heavy metals, and organic fertilizers for improving fertility) based on the degree of pollution and physicochemical properties of different layers in the soil profile. However, the primary technical bottleneck in achieving this strategy lies in how to efficiently and cost-effectively separate the complex mixture of mine waste soil according to particle size and pollution characteristics.

[0003] A search revealed that the invention patent with publication number CN115990573A discloses a drum-type screening device, including a base, a drive mechanism, a feed hopper, and a screening cylinder. The axis of the screening cylinder is an inclined line with the left side lower than the right side. Multiple collection hoppers are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the screening cylinder, and each collection hopper is connected to the inside of the screening cylinder. Each collection hopper is divided into multiple collection spaces. The feed hopper guides the material to fall into the rightmost collection space in the collection hopper. The drive mechanism drives the screening cylinder to rotate.

[0004] Based on the aforementioned patent searches and an examination of existing soil screening devices, it was found that a single vibrating screen can typically only separate materials with two particle sizes, such as stones and soil, and cannot achieve multi-level, fine grading. Furthermore, for mine soils with high moisture content and high viscosity, clumping is very likely to occur at the screening components, leading to screen blockage and a sharp decrease in screening efficiency. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines, which solves the problems of insufficient screening and easy clogging in existing soil stratification and improvement devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines, comprising a treatment chamber, wherein a coarse material screen plate and a fine material screen plate are slidably connected inside the treatment chamber, the coarse material screen plate is located above the fine material screen plate, a column is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the coarse material screen plate, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to the top of the column, a fixed plate is slidably connected to the middle section of the column body, a spring is sleeved on the upper section of the column body, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate, multiple supports are fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper opening of the treatment chamber, the ends of the multiple supports are jointly fixedly connected to a top seat, and the top seat is located above the treatment chamber, a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the top seat, the output shaft of the motor passes through the top seat and is connected to the top seat through a bearing, an L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft, and the vertical end of the L-shaped rod is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the inclined plate.

[0007] Preferably, a protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate, and the bottom of the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The protective sleeve is located outside the spring and can be made of plastic or rubber corrugated tubing. This prevents soil from clogging the spring without affecting the relative sliding between the inclined plate and the fixed plate.

[0008] Preferably, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top seat, and the end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the fixing plate. The fixing rod serves to suspend and fix the fixing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a guide ring is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixed rod, and the guide ring is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the inclined plate. During the expansion and contraction of the inclined plate under force, the guide ring and the fixed rod can be used for lifting and guiding.

[0010] Preferably, a stopper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, the stopper is slidably connected to the outside of the column, and the bottom of the stopper abuts against the coarse material screen plate. The stopper is conical and may be made of rubber, which provides dust protection at the relative sliding point between the column and the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, both the coarse and fine material screens are fixedly connected to a flow guide hood at their bottom edges, and the processing chamber has a discharge port on its side wall. The position of the flow guide hood corresponds to the position of the discharge port. Four discharge ports are provided, arranged at a certain angle along the circumference of the processing chamber. The four discharge ports are distributed vertically and symmetrically in pairs. The higher positions of the upper and lower discharge ports are level with the lower positions of the coarse and fine material screens, respectively. This allows the screened soil to be discharged when the coarse and fine material screens are lowered under force, while the flow guide hood prevents the screened soil from being discharged through discharge ports other than their own discharge ports.

[0012] Preferably, a linkage column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the coarse material screen plate, and the bottom of the linkage column is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the fine material screen plate. The linkage column is located between the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate and is used for synchronous lifting and lowering between the two.

[0013] Preferably, multiple support legs are fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the treatment chamber, and the multiple support legs are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the treatment chamber. The support legs are located on the periphery of the treatment chamber, used to support the whole, and to elevate the bottom opening of the treatment chamber to facilitate the discharge of soil with the smallest particle size.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. This utility model, through the design of a two-layer linkage screen plate consisting of a coarse material screen plate and a fine material screen plate, and matched with an independent discharge port, realizes the automatic separation of complex mineral soil into three layers of materials: large particles, medium particles, and fine particles in one go. This efficient physical classification capability enables the precise separation of soil layers with different pollution properties and textures, thereby allowing them to be transported to different subsequent improvement stages, greatly improving the accuracy and final effect of soil improvement.

[0016] 2. This utility model uses an electric motor to drive an L-shaped rod to rotate continuously. By utilizing its sliding cooperation with the inclined plate, the rotational motion is converted into the regular up-and-down vibration of the screen plate. This automated vibrating screen replaces traditional manual operation, improves the screening efficiency for large-volume materials such as waste soil, and at the same time, prevents the screen plate from clogging itself. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A front sectional view;

[0019] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A;

[0020] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 A partial structural diagram;

[0021] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fairing structure.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Processing chamber; 2. Coarse material screen plate; 3. Fine material screen plate; 4. Linkage column; 5. Vertical column; 6. Inclined plate; 7. Spring; 8. Protective sleeve; 9. Fixed plate; 10. Baffle; 11. Support; 12. Top seat; 13. Motor; 14. L-shaped rod; 15. Fixed rod; 16. Guide ring; 17. Support leg; 18. Flow guide; 19. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 A soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines includes a treatment chamber 1. Multiple support legs 17 are fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the treatment chamber 1, and these support legs 17 are arranged in a circular array along the circumference of the treatment chamber 1. The support legs 17 are located on the periphery of the treatment chamber 1, providing overall support and suspending the bottom opening of the treatment chamber 1 to facilitate the discharge of soil with the smallest particle size. A coarse material screen plate 2 and a fine material screen plate 3 are slidably connected inside the treatment chamber 1. The coarse material screen plate 2 is located above the fine material screen plate 3, and a linkage column 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the coarse material screen plate 2. The bottom of the linkage column 4 is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the fine material screen plate 3. The linkage column 4 is located between the coarse material screen plate 2 and the fine material screen plate 3, and is used for synchronous lifting between the two. A column 5 is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the coarse material screen plate 2. An inclined plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the column 5. A fixed plate 9 is slidably connected to the middle section of the column 5. A spring 7 is sleeved on the upper section of the column 5. One end of the spring 7 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate 6. A protective sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate 6, and the bottom of the protective sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 9. The protective sleeve 8 is located outside the spring 7 and can be made of plastic or rubber corrugated tubing. This prevents soil from clogging the spring 7 without affecting the relative sliding between the inclined plate 6 and the fixed plate 9.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4Multiple supports 11 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper opening of the processing chamber 1. The ends of the supports 11 are all fixedly connected to a top seat 12, which is located above the processing chamber 1. A motor 13 is fixedly mounted on the top of the top seat 12. The output shaft of the motor 13 passes through the top seat 12 and is connected to it via a bearing. An L-shaped rod 14 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft. The vertical end of the L-shaped rod 14 is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the inclined plate 6. A fixing rod 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top seat 12, and the end of the fixing rod 15 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 9. The fixing rod 15 serves to suspend and fix the fixed plate 9. A guide ring 16 is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixing rod 15, and the guide ring 16 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the inclined plate 6. During the expansion and contraction of the inclined plate 6 under force, the guide ring 16 and the fixing rod 15 can be used for lifting and guiding. A stopper 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 9. The stopper 10 is slidably connected to the outside of the column 5, and the bottom of the stopper 10 abuts against the coarse material screen plate 2. The stopper 10 is conical and can be made of rubber, which has a dustproof function at the relative sliding point between the column 5 and the fixed plate 9.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 Both the coarse material screen plate 2 and the fine material screen plate 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom edges of the screen. The side wall of the processing chamber 1 is provided with a discharge port 19, and the position of the guide hood 18 corresponds to the position of the discharge port 19. There are four discharge ports 19, which are arranged at a certain angle along the circumference of the processing chamber 1. The four discharge ports 19 are distributed vertically and symmetrically in pairs. The high points of the upper and lower discharge ports 19 are level with the low points of the coarse material screen plate 2 and the fine material screen plate 3, respectively. In this way, when the coarse material screen plate 2 and the fine material screen plate 3 are subjected to force and move downward, the screened soil can be discharged, while the guide hood 18 can prevent the screened soil from being discharged from the discharge port 19, which is not its own discharge port.

[0027] The specific implementation process of this utility model is as follows: In use, firstly, the waste mineral soil to be processed is fed into the opening at the top of the processing chamber 1. The material first falls onto the coarse material screen plate 2. Simultaneously, the motor 13 is started, driving the L-shaped rod 14 to begin rotating at a uniform speed. The end of the L-shaped rod 14 slides on the inclined surface of the inclined plate 6. When the L-shaped rod 14 slides from the low point to the high point of the inclined surface, it presses down on the inclined plate 6, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 7, and driving the column 5, coarse material screen plate 2, linkage column 4, and fine material screen plate 3 to move downwards. When the L-shaped rod 14 slides from the high point to the low point of the inclined surface, the restoring force of the spring 7 pushes the coarse material screen plate 2 and the fine material screen plate 3 to return to their original position upwards. This cycle repeats, forming a continuous and stable up-and-down vibration. At this time, the material falling on the coarse material screen plate 2 vibrates... Under the action of the screen, materials with a particle size larger than the aperture of the coarse screen plate 2, such as large stones and slag, remain on the coarse screen plate 2 and are discharged through the upper discharge port 19, which is flush with it, under the action of vibration and inclination, and enter the large particle material collection or processing section. Medium and small particles of material passing through the coarse screen plate 2 fall onto the fine screen plate 3. On the fine screen plate 3, medium particles of soil with a particle size between the apertures of the two screen plates remain on the fine screen plate 3 and are discharged through the lower discharge port 19, which is flush with it, and enter the medium particle material improvement section. Fine particles of soil with a particle size smaller than the aperture of the fine screen plate 3 fall directly through the screen holes into the bottom of the processing chamber 1 and are discharged from the bottom opening, entering the fine particle material improvement section. After the material processing is completed, the motor 13 is turned off.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines, comprising a treatment chamber (1), characterized in that: The processing chamber (1) is internally connected to a coarse material screen plate (2) and a fine material screen plate (3). The coarse material screen plate (2) is located above the fine material screen plate (3). A column (5) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the coarse material screen plate (2). A sloping plate (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the column (5). A fixed plate (9) is slidably connected to the middle section of the column (5). A spring (7) is sleeved on the upper section of the column (5). One end of the spring (7) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (9), and the other end of the spring (7) is fixedly connected to the sloping plate (6). At the bottom, multiple brackets (11) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper opening of the processing chamber (1). The ends of the multiple brackets (11) are fixedly connected to a top seat (12), and the top seat (12) is located above the processing chamber (1). A motor (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the top seat (12). The output shaft of the motor (13) passes through the top seat (12) and is connected to the top seat (12) through a bearing. An L-shaped rod (14) is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft. The vertical end of the L-shaped rod (14) is slidably connected to the inclined surface of the inclined plate (6).

2. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inclined plate (6) is fixedly connected to a protective sleeve (8), and the bottom of the protective sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (9).

3. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing rod (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the top seat (12), and the end of the fixing rod (15) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (9).

4. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the fixed rod (15) is slidably connected to a guide ring (16), which is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the inclined plate (6).

5. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed plate (9) is fixedly connected to a stopper (10), which is slidably connected to the outside of the column (5). The bottom of the stopper (10) abuts against the coarse material screen plate (2).

6. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom edges of the coarse material screen plate (2) and the fine material screen plate (3) are fixedly connected with guide hoods (18), and the side wall of the processing chamber (1) is provided with a discharge port (19). The position of the guide hood (18) corresponds to the position of the discharge port (19).

7. The soil stratification and improvement device for abandoned coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the coarse material screen plate (2) is fixedly connected to a linkage column (4), and the bottom of the linkage column (4) is fixedly connected to the upper middle part of the fine material screen plate (3).

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