Swing-type spherical surface polishing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a swing formula spherical surface grinding device, including support, the support is fixed with spherical surface shell, spherical surface shell inside sets up spherical surface inner shell, spherical surface shell inner spherical surface and spherical surface inner shell outer spherical surface pass through spherical surface rotation cooperation, spherical surface inner shell inside sets up the tool holder for clamping work piece, spherical surface inner shell is connected with tank, be equipped with rotary drive assembly in the tank, and the output shaft of rotary drive assembly is connected with tool holder, tank is connected with swing mechanism, the top of tool holder is equipped with the grinding head, and the grinding head is matched with the work piece's to be ground spherical surface, and the grinding head is connected with the elevating system, the utility model provides a swing formula spherical surface grinding device, and the work piece to be ground spherical surface of spherical surface shell, spherical surface inner shell, tool holder clamping has same ball core, adopts three point concentric's structure, makes the ball core keep invariant when work piece rotates and swings and grinds, can guarantee the precision of grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precision grinding machinery technology, and in particular to a swing-type spherical grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] As industrial manufacturing moves towards higher precision and efficiency, precision manufacturing, as a bridge connecting basic materials science and end-use applications, profoundly influences the global manufacturing landscape through its development and technological breakthroughs. Precision manufacturing technology not only determines the processing quality of precision parts but also becomes a core competitive advantage for a nation's independent control over high-end equipment.

[0003] Precision manufacturing aims for machining accuracy at the micron or even nanometer level, and its applications range from aerospace to consumer electronics, impacting the performance and quality of industrial products. Precision grinding technology, as a key component of precision manufacturing, can achieve extremely high surface roughness and geometric precision, and is becoming one of the main methods for finishing ultra-precision parts.

[0004] Precision spherical grinding, as one of the directions of precision grinding, is increasingly widely used in the processing of bearings, optical instruments, pump and valve parts, and other fields. Traditional spherical grinding methods currently mainly rely on manual operation or semi-automated equipment, but both have the following drawbacks: 1. Low processing efficiency. Manual grinding requires repeated adjustments to the workpiece angle and grinding pressure, resulting in long grinding times for a single piece, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production. 2. Poor consistency in precision. Semi-automated equipment's workpiece positioning and rotation stability can easily cause fluctuations in parameters such as spherical diameter and roughness, affecting the surface grinding quality of the parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides an oscillating spherical grinding device, which is mainly used for grinding and repairing the spherical surface of workpieces. The automatic grinding method can improve the consistency of the precision of the spherical surface to be ground and the grinding efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: A swing-type spherical grinding device includes a support, on which a spherical outer shell is fixed. A spherical inner shell is fitted inside the spherical outer shell, and the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell and the outer spherical surface of the spherical inner shell are engaged by spherical rotation. A bushing is fitted and fixed inside the spherical inner shell, and a tooling fixture for clamping the workpiece is provided inside the bushing. The lower end of the aforementioned bushing is connected to the housing. The housing is equipped with a rotary drive assembly. The output shaft of the rotary drive assembly is connected to the aforementioned tooling fixture. The output shaft drives the tooling fixture to rotate around the axis of the center of the spherical surface to be ground within the spherical inner shell. The housing is connected to a swing mechanism. The swing mechanism pushes the aforementioned tooling fixture and the aforementioned spherical inner shell to swing synchronously relative to the aforementioned spherical outer shell at a certain angle. The above-mentioned tooling fixture is equipped with a grinding head, which is adapted to the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground. The grinding head is connected to a lifting mechanism, which is used to drive the grinding head to rise and fall to grind the spherical surface of the workpiece. The aforementioned spherical outer shell, the aforementioned spherical inner shell, and the spherical surface to be ground on the workpiece all have the same center point; the central axis of the aforementioned grinding head passes through the center point of the spherical surface to be ground on the workpiece.

[0007] The grinding head is detachably connected to the output shaft of motor I, and motor I is connected to the moving end of the lifting mechanism.

[0008] The aforementioned lifting mechanism is either a ball screw mechanism I or a cylinder I; when the aforementioned lifting mechanism is a ball screw mechanism I, the screw of the ball screw mechanism I is mounted on the aforementioned bracket, and the moving part I of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to the aforementioned motor I; when the lifting mechanism is a cylinder I, the piston rod of the cylinder I is connected to the aforementioned motor I.

[0009] When the above-mentioned lifting mechanism is a ball screw mechanism I, the ball nut I of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to the slide plate seat through a spring, and the slide plate seat is connected to the motor I; when the above-mentioned lifting mechanism is a cylinder I, the piston rod of the cylinder I is fixedly connected to the spring pressure seat, and the spring pressure seat is connected to the motor I through a sliding assembly.

[0010] The aforementioned spherical outer shell is fixed in the first through hole opened on the aforementioned bracket. The inner side of the aforementioned spherical outer shell is provided with a spherical groove, which is the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell. The outer side of the aforementioned spherical inner shell is an outer spherical surface that matches the inner spherical surface of the aforementioned spherical outer shell. The interior of the aforementioned spherical inner shell is provided with a second through hole, and a bushing is sleeved and fixed in the aforementioned second through hole.

[0011] The aforementioned grinding head is a cylindrical grinding head or an inner spherical grinding head. The cylindrical grinding head is adapted to the inner or outer spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground, and the central axis of the cylindrical grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground.

[0012] The aforementioned rotary drive assembly includes a gearbox located inside the housing. The output shaft of the gearbox is detachably connected to the aforementioned tooling fixture. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the output shaft of motor II. Motor II is fixed to the housing.

[0013] The aforementioned swing mechanism is either a ball screw mechanism II or a cylinder II. When the aforementioned swing mechanism is a ball screw mechanism II, the screw of the ball screw mechanism II is mounted on the aforementioned bracket, and the moving part II of the ball screw mechanism II is connected to the aforementioned housing through a connecting part. When the aforementioned swing mechanism is a cylinder II, the housing of the cylinder II is fixed on the aforementioned bracket, and the piston rod of the cylinder II is connected to the aforementioned housing.

[0014] A swing-type spherical grinding device further includes an electrical control module, which includes a main controller and a control switch. The main controller is electrically connected to the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism, respectively. The control switch is electrically connected to the main controller and is used to control the opening and closing of the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism, respectively.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model provides a swing-type spherical grinding device. The inner spherical surface of the outer shell and the outer spherical surface of the inner shell are connected by a spherical rotational fit, and their centers are the same. The inner shell can rotate around the center of the spherical surface within the outer shell, and the center of the spherical surface remains unchanged during the rotation. A tooling fixture is provided inside the inner shell. After the tooling fixture clamps the workpiece, the spherical surface to be ground and the inner shell have the same center of the spherical surface. Since the tooling fixture is fixed inside the inner shell, the rotation of the inner shell will drive the tooling fixture and the workpiece to rotate synchronously. The three-point concentric structure ensures that the center of the spherical surface remains unchanged during the swing and rotational grinding of the workpiece. At the same time, the central axis of the grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface to be ground, so that the grinding head always rotates around the center of the spherical surface during the grinding process, that is, the grinding head always moves around the spherical surface, thereby achieving the purpose of precision grinding of the spherical cavity.

[0016] This utility model provides a swing-type spherical grinding device. During the grinding process of the spherical surface to be ground, the swing mechanism pushes the tooling fixture and the inner shell of the spherical surface to swing synchronously relative to the outer shell of the spherical surface at a certain angle. This angle is adjusted according to the area of ​​the spherical surface to be ground. The rotation drive component is activated to drive the tooling fixture to rotate, so that the grinding head can grind the spherical surface to be ground uniformly in 360° all space.

[0017] This utility model provides a swing-type spherical grinding device, which adopts an automatic grinding method, has high grinding efficiency, and produces parts with good precision consistency after grinding, making it suitable for mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the swing-type spherical grinding device provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the swing-type spherical grinding device provided in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the spherical outer shell and the spherical inner shell.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of section I.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of section II.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the electronic control module in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the swing-type spherical grinding device provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view schematic diagram of the oscillating spherical grinding device provided in Example 2.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the adjusting screw and the swing connector in Example 2.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Example 2 where the ball nut I is connected to the slide block via a spring.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the electronic control module in Example 2.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Bracket; 101. Support plate; 2. Spherical outer shell; 3. Spherical inner shell; 4. Bushing; 5. Housing; 6. Tooling fixture; 7. Grinding head; 8. Chuck; 9. Motor I; 10. Motor II; 11. Cylinder I; 12. Spring pressure seat; 13. Slider I; 14. Slide groove I; 15. Spring; 16. Sliding seat; 161. Ear plate; 17. Guide rail; 18. Guide sleeve; 19. Cylinder II; 20. Adjusting screw; 21. Motor III; 22. Support base; 23. Ball nut I; 24. Mounting plate; 25. Slide plate seat; 26. Swing connector; 27. Motor IV. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is combined Figures 1 to 12 The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments. Example 1

[0032] Embodiment 1 of this utility model provides a swing-type spherical grinding device, such as Figures 1-3As shown, the system includes a support 1, on which a spherical outer shell 2 is fixed. A spherical inner shell 3 is fitted inside the spherical outer shell 2, with the inner spherical surface of the outer shell 2 and the outer spherical surface of the inner shell 3 rotating in conjunction. The spherical outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3 have the same center of gravity. The inner shell 3 can rotate freely within the spherical outer shell 2, and its center of gravity remains unchanged during rotation. A bushing 4 is fitted and fixed inside the inner shell 3, with its lower end connected to a housing 5. A fixture 6 for clamping the workpiece is provided inside the bushing 4. The spherical surface to be ground, clamped within the fixture 6, has the same center of gravity as the spherical outer shell 2 and the inner shell 3. A rotary drive assembly is provided inside the housing 5, with its output shaft connected to the fixture 6. The output shaft of the rotary drive assembly drives the fixture 6 to rotate within the inner shell 3 around the axis of the center of the spherical surface to be ground. The housing 5 is connected to the swing mechanism. The swing mechanism pushes the tooling fixture 6 and the spherical inner shell 3 to swing synchronously relative to the spherical outer shell 2 at a certain angle. During the swing, the workpiece clamped in the tooling fixture 6 always swings around the center of the spherical surface to be ground.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the spherical outer shell 2 and the spherical inner shell 3 can be selected from existing spherical sliding bearings. When an existing spherical sliding bearing is selected, the outer ring of the spherical sliding bearing is the spherical outer shell 2, and the inner ring of the spherical sliding bearing is the spherical inner shell 3. A support plate 101 is fixed on the bracket 1, and a first through hole is provided on the support plate 101. The outer ring of the spherical sliding bearing passes through the first through hole and is snapped onto the bracket 1 by a clamping plate. A bushing 4 is fitted and fixed inside the inner ring of the spherical sliding bearing. The spherical outer shell 2 and the spherical inner shell 3 can also be machined by themselves. The structure after self-machining is basically the same as the structure of the spherical sliding bearing. The inner side of the spherical outer shell 2 is provided with a spherical groove, which is the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell 2; the outer side of the spherical inner shell 3 is an outer spherical surface adapted to the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell 2; a bushing 4 is fitted and fixed inside the second through hole of the spherical inner shell 3; as shown Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the fit between the spherical outer shell and the spherical inner shell.

[0034] A grinding head 7 is provided above the tooling fixture 6. The grinding head 7 is adapted to the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground. A support rod is fixed to the upper end of the grinding head 7. The support rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the chuck 8. The upper end of the chuck 8 is detachably connected to the output shaft of the motor I 9. There are many ways to detach the connection. In this embodiment, the support rod is threaded to the lower end of the chuck 8, and the upper end of the chuck 8 is detachably connected to the output shaft of the motor I 9.

[0035] A fixture 6 is provided inside the spherical inner shell 3. After the fixture 6 clamps the workpiece, the spherical surface to be ground and the spherical inner shell 3 have the same center. Since the fixture 6 is fixed inside the spherical inner shell 3, when the spherical inner shell 3 rotates, it will drive the fixture 6 and the workpiece to rotate synchronously. The spherical outer shell 2, the spherical inner shell 3, and the spherical surface to be ground all have the same center. The three-point concentric structure ensures that the center of the workpiece remains unchanged during rotational grinding. At the same time, the central axis of the grinding head 7 passes through the center of the spherical surface to be ground, so that the grinding head 7 always rotates around the center of the sphere during the grinding process. That is, the grinding head 7 always moves around the surface of the spherical cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of precision grinding of the spherical cavity.

[0036] It should be noted that even if the grinding head 7 is not connected to the motor I9, i.e., the grinding head 7 does not rotate, grinding of the spherical surface of the workpiece can be achieved as long as the workpiece swings at a certain angle and rotates relative to the grinding head 7. However, in this embodiment, it is preferable to connect the grinding head 7 to the motor I9, i.e., to use the rotating grinding head 7 to grind the rotating workpiece. When the grinding head 7 is not connected to the motor I9, the moving end of the lifting mechanism is directly connected to the grinding head 7, and the lifting mechanism drives the grinding head 7 to rise and fall, grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece; when the grinding head 7 is connected to the motor I9, the moving end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the motor I9, and the lifting mechanism drives the motor I9 and the grinding head 7 to rise and fall synchronously, grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece.

[0037] The structure of the rotary drive assembly can be selected according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the rotary drive assembly includes a gearbox located inside the housing 5. The output shaft of the gearbox is detachably connected to the tooling fixture 6. The detachable connection method can be that the tooling fixture 6 is fixed to the output shaft of the gearbox with bolts. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the output shaft of motor II 10, and motor II 10 is fixed to the housing 5. In use, motor II 10 is started, and the output shaft of motor II 10 drives the input shaft of the gearbox to rotate, which in turn drives the tooling fixture 6 to rotate circumferentially.

[0038] The structures of the lifting mechanism and the swing mechanism can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, the lifting mechanism can be a ball screw mechanism I or a cylinder I structure, and the swing mechanism can be a ball screw mechanism II or a cylinder II structure. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism is a cylinder I11 structure. The cylinder barrel of cylinder I11 is connected to the bracket 1. The piston rod of cylinder I11 is fixedly connected to the spring pressure seat 12. The spring pressure seat 12 is connected to the motor I9 through a sliding assembly. A slider I13 is fixed to the upper end of the motor I9. A sliding groove I14 is opened in the spring pressure seat 12. The slider I13 slides up and down in the sliding groove I14. A spring 15 is provided between the spring pressure seat 12 and the upper end of the motor I9. The housing of the motor I9 is ​​connected to the bracket 1 through a guide assembly. The guiding assembly includes a sliding seat 16, which is fixed to the lower end of the motor I9. A lug 161 is fixed to each of the left and right sides of the sliding seat 16. A guide rail 17 is provided through the middle of each lug 161. The two guide rails 17 are placed parallel to each other, and their upper ends are fixed to the bracket 1. The central axes of both guide rails 17 are parallel to the central axis of the grinding head 7. A guide sleeve 18 is fitted onto the outer side of each guide rail 17, and the guide sleeve 18 is fixed within a third through hole in the middle of the lug 161. Figure 5 The diagram shows the guide sleeve 18 fitted onto the outside of the guide rail 17. When the lifting mechanism drives the motor I9 to lift, the sliding seat 16 will slide up and down along the guide rail 17. In this embodiment, the swing mechanism is a cylinder II 19 structure. The cylinder barrel of cylinder II 19 is hinged to the bracket 1, and the piston rod of cylinder II 19 is connected to the housing 5 through the hinge bracket.

[0039] It should be noted that the purpose of setting the spring pressure seat 12 and the spring 15 inside the spring pressure seat 12 is to ensure that the cylinder I 11 descends at a relatively fast speed. In this embodiment, the cylinder I 11 is mechanically limited, and its speed slows down when the grinding head 7 immediately contacts the workpiece to be ground. However, to further reduce the impact force of the grinding head 7 and allow it to flexibly press the workpiece, a spring 15 is provided between the spring pressure seat 12 and the upper end of the motor I 9. The spring 15 can buffer the impact force of the cylinder I 11. At the same time, since the spring 15 is compressible, the grinding head 7 will flexibly press the workpiece during the workpiece rotation grinding. Figure 6 The diagram shows a structure in which a spring 15 is provided between the motor I9 and the spring pressure seat 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, a suitable grinding head 7 is selected according to the spherical surface to be ground. When the spherical surface to be ground is an inner spherical surface, the grinding head 7 is preferably a cylindrical grinding head. The outer diameter of the cylindrical grinding head is adapted to the inner spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground, and the central axis of the cylindrical grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface to be ground. When the spherical surface to be ground is an outer spherical surface, the grinding head 7 is preferably an inner spherical grinding head. The inner diameter of the inner spherical grinding head is adapted to the outer spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground, and the central axis of the inner spherical grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface to be ground. A support rod is fixed to the upper end of the grinding head 7. The support rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the chuck 8, and the upper end of the chuck 8 is threadedly connected to the output shaft of the motor I9.

[0041] The oscillating spherical grinding device provided in this embodiment also includes an electronic control module. Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the connection relationship of the electrical control module in this embodiment. The electrical control module includes a main controller and a control switch. The main controller is electrically connected to the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism. In this embodiment, the drive component of the rotary drive assembly is motor II 10, the drive component of the lifting mechanism is cylinder I 11, and the drive component of the swing mechanism is cylinder II 19. The main controller is connected to motor II 10, cylinder I 11, and cylinder II 19, and is also electrically connected to motor I 9 and the control switch. The control switch is used to control the starting and stopping of motor II 10, motor I 9, cylinder I 11, and cylinder II 19, respectively. In this embodiment, the main controller and the control switch are placed inside a control box, which can be fixed on bracket 1 or in other locations as needed.

[0042] Specifically, in use, the tooling fixture 6 is first threaded onto the output shaft of the rotary drive assembly. Then, the lifting mechanism is activated, and the piston rod of cylinder I11 pushes the spring pressure seat 12 and motor I9 to descend synchronously. When the grinding head 7 contacts the workpiece's spherical surface to be ground, cylinder I11 stops descending. At this point, the grinding head 7 will flexibly press the workpiece under the action of spring 15. Then, motor II10 of the rotary drive assembly is activated, and motor II10 drives the tooling fixture 6 to rotate circumferentially through the gearbox. Next, the swing mechanism is activated. The preset swing angle of the swing mechanism is determined to be angle 'a' based on the diameter of the spherical surface to be ground. The driving component of the swing mechanism, cylinder II19, is activated. The piston rod of cylinder II19 pushes the housing 5, and the housing 5, through the bushing 4, drives the inner spherical shell 3 to swing to angle 'a' within the outer spherical shell 2. Simultaneously, the swinging of the bushing 4 will cause the tooling fixture 6 inside it to swing synchronously to angle 'a'. Finally, start motor I9. Motor I9 drives the grinding head 7 to rotate. The rotating grinding head 7 grinds the rotating workpiece. The workpiece and the grinding head 7 can rotate in the same direction or opposite direction, depending on the specific application. After grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece, reset all mechanisms.

[0043] For parts in the same batch with the same grinding requirements, the tooling fixture only needs to be changed once. When using them later, the workpiece can be clamped onto the tooling fixture. Therefore, when completing batch grinding, the tooling fixture needs to be changed frequently, and the grinding efficiency is high. When the model of the part to be ground is changed, only the tooling fixture needs to be changed, which is simple and convenient to operate. Example 2

[0044] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the lifting mechanism is ball screw mechanism I, and the swing mechanism is ball screw mechanism II. Figures 8-9 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of the oscillating spherical grinding device provided in this embodiment. The ball screw mechanism I is a common feed structure in the prior art; its specific structure and feed principle will not be described in detail here. The lead screw of the ball screw mechanism I is mounted on the support base 22, and the lead screw of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to the output shaft of the motor III 21. The support base 22 is fixed on the bracket 1. The moving part of the ball screw mechanism I is the ball nut I 23, which is connected to the mounting plate 24 via the slide block 25. In this embodiment, the grinding head 7 is connected to the motor I 9, i.e., the motor I 9 is mounted on the mounting plate 24.

[0045] Because the ball screw mechanism descends at a slower speed than the cylinder, a flexible clamping spring 15 can be optionally installed between the ball nut I23 and the slide plate 25. If the spring 15 is installed, the ball nut I23 is connected to the slide plate 25 via the flexible spring. With the spring 15 installed between the ball nut I23 and the slide plate 25, pushing the motor I9 and the mounting plate 24 upwards by hand will allow the motor I9 to slide upwards a certain distance. The spring 15 allows the grinding head 7 to flexibly press against the workpiece.

[0046] In this embodiment, the swing mechanism is a ball screw mechanism II. The ball screw mechanism II is a through-type screw stepper motor assembly. In this assembly, the motor and the ball nut are integrated, meaning that when the screw rotates, the motor and the ball nut move up and down together. Since the motor and ball nut are integrated in this embodiment, the moving part II is the assembly of motor IV27 and ball nut II. For simplicity, the moving part II is referred to as motor IV27. Specifically, the upper end of the screw of the ball screw mechanism II is hinged to the bracket 1 via a ball head bearing. The motor IV27 of the ball screw mechanism II is connected to the housing 5 via a swing connector 26, which is fixed to the housing 5. When the motor IV27 of the ball screw mechanism II drives the screw to rotate, the motor IV27 and the ball nut II assembly move up and down synchronously along the screw. The motor IV27 drives the housing 5 to swing at a certain angle via the swing connector 26.

[0047] It should be noted that the swing mechanism in this embodiment is a ball screw mechanism II. Ball screw mechanism II can achieve reciprocating swing. Specifically, the motor IV 27 of ball screw mechanism II drives the housing 5 to swing back and forth at a certain angle via the swing connector 26. The housing 5 drives the internal rotary drive assembly, which in turn drives the tooling fixture and workpiece to swing back and forth synchronously at a certain angle. Simultaneously, because the ball nut II has a relatively long stroke along the screw, ball screw mechanism II can drive the workpiece to swing at a larger angle. In actual operation, the swing mechanism needs to first drive the workpiece to swing at a certain angle. After swinging at a certain angle, subsequent grinding can be performed by selecting whether to continue the reciprocating swing as needed. That is, in this embodiment, the swing mechanism has two operating modes: 1. The motor IV 27 drives the housing 5 and the workpiece to swing to a certain angle via the swing connector 26 and then stops swinging. The subsequent rotary drive assembly drives the workpiece to rotate, achieving rotary grinding; 2. The motor IV 27 drives the housing 5 and the workpiece to continuously swing back and forth via the swing connector 26. During continuous reciprocating swing, the rotary drive assembly drives the workpiece to rotate, achieving rotary grinding.

[0048] It should be noted that an adjusting screw 20 is threaded onto the swing connector 26. The adjusting screw 20 contacts the support rod at the lower end of the tooling fixture 6. By finely adjusting the adjusting screw 20, the height of the center of the ball in the tooling fixture 6 can be adjusted, achieving concentricity of the spherical outer shell 2, the spherical inner shell 3, and the spherical surface to be ground on the workpiece. Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the connection between the adjusting screw 20 and the swing connector 26.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, during use, the tooling fixture 6 is first threaded onto the output shaft of the rotary drive assembly. Then, the lifting mechanism is activated. The moving part I of the ball screw mechanism I is the ball nut I23. The screw of the ball screw mechanism I drives the ball nut I23 to move up and down. The ball nut I23 is connected to the slide plate 25 via a spring 15. The ball nut I23 drives the spring 15 and the slide plate 25 to move. The slide plate 25 drives the mounting plate 24 fixed to it to slide up and down. The mounting plate 24 drives the motor I9 to move up and down. The motor I9 drives the grinding head 7 to move downwards to contact the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground. A spring 15 is placed between the motor I9 and the ball nut I23. By pushing the motor I9 and the mounting plate 24 upwards by hand, the motor I9 can slide upwards a certain distance. The spring 15 allows the grinding head 7 to flexibly press against the workpiece. Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the connection between the ball nut I23 and the slide block 25 via the spring 15.

[0050] Then, start the motor II10 of the rotary drive assembly. The output shaft of the motor II10 drives the tooling fixture 6 to rotate circumferentially through the gearbox. The tooling fixture 6 drives the clamped workpiece to rotate around the axis of the center of the spherical surface to be ground inside the spherical inner shell 3.

[0051] Then, the motor IV27 of the swing mechanism is started. When motor IV27 drives the lead screw to rotate, motor IV27 and ball nut II move up and down along the lead screw. At the same time, motor IV27 and ball nut II move up and down, and drive housing 5 to swing to a preset swing angle through swing connector 26. The preset swing angle is recorded as angle a. Housing 5 drives spherical inner shell 3 to swing to angle a within spherical outer shell 2 through bushing 4. At the same time, when bushing 4 swings, it will drive the tooling fixture 6 inside it to swing synchronously to angle a. Since the swing mechanism is ball screw mechanism II, a through-type lead screw stepper motor combination is selected for ball screw mechanism II. In the through-type lead screw stepper motor combination, the motor and ball nut are integrated into one unit. That is, when the lead screw rotates, the motor and ball nut are integrated into one unit and move up and down together.

[0052] When motor IV27 moves upward or downward, it will drive housing 5 to swing back and forth at a certain angle through swing connector 26. Housing 5 will drive spherical inner shell 3 to swing to the left or right relative to spherical outer shell 2 at a certain angle through bushing 4. Spherical inner shell 3 will drive tooling fixture and workpiece to swing synchronously at a certain angle. Then, fine-tune adjusting screw 20 to adjust the height of the center of the ball of tooling fixture 6, so as to achieve concentricity of spherical outer shell 2, spherical inner shell 3 and workpiece to be ground spherical surface.

[0053] Since the swing mechanism in this embodiment is a ball screw mechanism II, the preset reciprocating swing angle of the swing mechanism and whether continuous reciprocating swing is required are determined according to the diameter of the spherical surface to be ground on the workpiece. In this embodiment, the preset reciprocating swing angle is set to angle b and angle -b. If continuous reciprocating swing is not required, the swing mechanism pushes the tooling fixture and the inner shell of the spherical surface to swing synchronously relative to the outer shell of the spherical surface to the preset swing angle a and then stops swinging. If continuous reciprocating swing is required, the swing mechanism pushes the tooling fixture and the inner shell of the spherical surface to swing continuously relative to the outer shell of the spherical surface according to the preset reciprocating swing angle, that is, to swing continuously between angle b and angle -b.

[0054] Simultaneously start motor I9, which drives the grinding head 7 to rotate. The rotating grinding head 7 grinds the rotating workpiece. The workpiece and the grinding head 7 can rotate in the same or opposite directions, depending on the specific application. After grinding the spherical surface of the workpiece, all mechanisms can be reset.

[0055] The oscillating spherical grinding device provided in this embodiment adopts an automatic grinding method. When completing batch grinding, the tooling fixture replacement frequency is low, the grinding efficiency is high, and the precision consistency of the ground parts is good, making it suitable for mass production.

[0056] The oscillating spherical grinding device provided in this embodiment also includes an electronic control module. Figure 12This diagram illustrates the connection relationship of the electrical control module in this embodiment. The electrical control module includes a main controller and a control switch. The main controller is electrically connected to the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism. In this embodiment, the drive component of the rotary drive assembly is motor II 10, the drive component of the lifting mechanism is motor III 21, and the drive component of the swing mechanism is motor IV 27. The main controller is connected to motor II 10, motor III 21, and motor IV 27, and is also electrically connected to motor I 9 and the control switch. The control switch is used to control the starting and stopping of motors II 10, III 21, IV 27, and I 9, respectively. In this embodiment, the main controller and the control switch are placed inside a control box, which can be fixed on bracket 1 or in other locations as needed.

[0057] In summary, this utility model provides a swing-type spherical grinding device. A spherical inner shell is provided inside a spherical outer shell, and a tooling fixture is provided inside the inner shell. The tooling fixture clamps the workpiece, ensuring that the spherical surface to be ground and the inner shell share the same center of gravity. This three-point concentric structure ensures that the center of gravity remains constant during workpiece rotation and grinding. Furthermore, the central axis of the grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface to be ground, guaranteeing grinding accuracy. The swing mechanism drives the tooling fixture to swing at a certain angle, enabling the grinding head to uniformly grind the spherical surface from all directions. This improves grinding efficiency while maintaining grinding accuracy, making it suitable for mass production.

Claims

1. A swing-type spherical grinding device, characterized in that, The device includes a bracket, on which a spherical outer shell is fixed. A spherical inner shell is fitted inside the spherical outer shell, and the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell and the outer spherical surface of the spherical inner shell are engaged by spherical rotation. A bushing is fitted and fixed inside the spherical inner shell, and a tooling fixture for clamping the workpiece is provided inside the bushing. The lower end of the bushing is connected to the housing. The housing is equipped with a rotary drive assembly. The output shaft of the rotary drive assembly is connected to the tooling fixture. The output shaft drives the tooling fixture to rotate around the axis of the center of the spherical surface to be ground within the spherical inner shell. The housing is connected to a swing mechanism. The swing mechanism pushes the tooling fixture and the spherical inner shell to swing synchronously relative to the spherical outer shell at a certain angle. A grinding head is provided above the tooling fixture. The grinding head is adapted to the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground. The grinding head is connected to a lifting mechanism, which is used to drive the grinding head to rise and fall to grind the spherical surface of the workpiece. The outer spherical shell, the inner spherical shell, and the workpiece to be ground all have the same center; the central axis of the grinding head passes through the center of the workpiece to be ground.

2. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding head is detachably connected to the output shaft of motor I, and motor I is connected to the moving end of the lifting mechanism.

3. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is either a ball screw mechanism I or a cylinder I; when the lifting mechanism is a ball screw mechanism I, the screw of the ball screw mechanism I is mounted on the bracket, and the moving part I of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to the motor I; when the lifting mechanism is a cylinder I, the piston rod of the cylinder I is connected to the motor I.

4. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the lifting mechanism is a ball screw mechanism I, the moving part I of the ball screw mechanism I is connected to the slide plate seat through a spring, and the slide plate seat is connected to the motor I; when the lifting mechanism is a cylinder I, the piston rod of the cylinder I is fixedly connected to the spring pressure seat, and the spring pressure seat is connected to the motor I through a sliding assembly.

5. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical outer shell is fixed in the first through hole opened on the bracket. The inner side of the spherical outer shell is provided with a spherical groove, which is the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell. The outer side of the spherical inner shell is an outer spherical surface adapted to the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell. The inner side of the spherical inner shell is provided with a second through hole, and a bushing is sleeved and fixed in the second through hole.

6. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding head is a cylindrical grinding head or an inner spherical grinding head. The cylindrical grinding head is adapted to the inner or outer spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground, and the central axis of the cylindrical grinding head passes through the center of the spherical surface of the workpiece to be ground.

7. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive assembly includes a gearbox located inside the housing. The output shaft of the gearbox is detachably connected to the tooling fixture. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the output shaft of motor II. Motor II is fixed to the housing.

8. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swing mechanism is a ball screw mechanism II or a cylinder II; when the swing mechanism is a ball screw mechanism II, the screw of the ball screw mechanism II is mounted on the bracket, and the moving part II of the ball screw mechanism II is connected to the housing through a connector; when the swing mechanism is a cylinder II, the housing of the cylinder II is fixed on the bracket, and the piston rod of the cylinder II is connected to the housing.

9. The oscillating spherical grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electronic control module, which includes a main controller and a control switch. The main controller is electrically connected to the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism, respectively. The control switch is electrically connected to the main controller and is used to control the opening and closing of the drive components of the rotary drive assembly, the swing mechanism, and the lifting mechanism, respectively.

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