Workpiece self-centering positioning table for production line

Abstract

The utility model discloses a workpiece self-centering positioning workbench for production line belongs to workshop workpiece support positioning technical field. The workbench includes the fixed platform fixed in the predetermined work station and the positioning bearing platform separable with fixed platform, and the positioning bearing platform top forms the supporting surface for bearing workpiece, and the bottom is equipped with the first guide portion with the conical guide cavity, and the fixed platform top is equipped with the second guide portion that protrudes upward. The conical guide cavity and the second guide portion are all oval on the section perpendicular to the protruding direction, and the horizontal position deviation and the circumferential attitude deviation can be corrected simultaneously in the workpiece descending process when the two cooperate. The positioning bearing platform is also equipped with the center guide column and the center guide hole cooperation structure, and the auxiliary structure such as traction ring, positioning step and lifting ring. The utility model is mainly used for the quick landing and positioning of hoisting workpiece in the production line, can reduce the manual adjustment link, improves the continuity of work station operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of workshop workpiece support and positioning technology, specifically relating to a workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for production lines. Background Technology

[0002] Production line workbenches are commonly used workpiece support and positioning devices during assembly, maintenance, and other workstation operations in workshops. They are typically installed at predetermined workstations to support workpieces and determine their working positions. For large or heavy cabinets, boxes, and other workpieces, a crane is usually needed to lift the workpiece onto the workbench, and then adjust its position and orientation relative to the workbench to place it in the designated position for subsequent assembly, maintenance, and other operations. Production line operations are repetitive; the ability to quickly and accurately position workpieces after they are lifted onto the workbench affects the efficiency and continuity of subsequent workstation operations.

[0003] During hoisting, workpieces are affected by factors such as swaying, inertia, and human error. When they reach the workbench, their center position is prone to horizontal deviation from the intended placement center, and there may also be circumferential deflection around the vertical axis. When both positional deviation and circumferential deflection exist, it is usually necessary to adjust the position using a crane, combined with manual pushing or rotating of the workpiece to complete the alignment. For large or heavy workpieces, short-distance pushing and rotating are inconvenient. Even if the workpiece's center position is basically aligned, further adjustments may be needed due to inconsistencies between the circumferential and intended orientations, making the workpiece placement process cumbersome. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve existing technology to solve the problem of inconvenient and rapid positional alignment and circumferential positioning when the production line workbench receives and hoists workpieces. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for production lines, so as to solve the problem that it is not convenient to quickly complete the position centering and circumferential positioning when the worktable of the production line receives and lifts the workpiece.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A workpiece self-aligning and positioning worktable for a production line includes a fixed platform fixed to a predetermined work position and a positioning support platform detachably disposed from the fixed platform. The top of the positioning support platform forms a support surface for supporting the workpiece. The bottom of the positioning support platform is provided with a first guide portion, which forms a downward-opening conical guide cavity. The top of the fixed platform is provided with an upward-protruding second guide portion, the outer peripheral surface of the second guide portion being adapted to the inner peripheral surface of the conical guide cavity. Both the conical guide cavity and the second guide portion are elliptical in cross-section perpendicular to the protruding direction of the second guide portion.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom center of the tapered guide cavity is provided with a downwardly extending central guide post, and the center of the second guide portion is provided with a central guide hole for the central guide post to extend into.

[0008] Furthermore, the central guide post is cylindrical, and the opening of the central guide hole is circular; on the cross section where the free end of the central guide post is located and perpendicular to the axis of the central guide post, the sum of the semi-major axis length of the elliptical cross section of the conical guide cavity and the diameter of the central guide post is less than the diameter of the opening of the central guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening of the central guide hole is formed with a tapered guide surface.

[0010] Furthermore, a buffer spring is provided inside the central guide hole. One end of the buffer spring abuts against the bottom of the central guide hole, and the other end abuts against the gasket. The gasket is slidably disposed inside the central guide hole. When the central guide post extends into the central guide hole, its free end abuts against the gasket.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the positioning support platform is provided with a traction ring, which is located at one end of the positioning support platform along the major axis of the ellipse of the conical guide cavity, and the traction ring is connected to a traction rope.

[0012] Furthermore, the top periphery of the fixed platform is provided with a positioning step, and the lower end of the positioning support platform is provided with a step mating part adapted to the positioning step. The step mating part is supported on the horizontal surface of the positioning step and abuts against the vertical positioning surface of the positioning step.

[0013] Furthermore, the supporting surface is provided with mounting and positioning holes corresponding to the connecting holes on the workpiece. The mounting and positioning holes are for fasteners to pass through, so as to position and fix the workpiece to the positioning support platform.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the positioning support platform is provided with lifting rings symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the positioning support platform, and the lifting rings have lifting holes for connecting lifting components.

[0015] Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are provided between the outer periphery of the first guide portion and the bottom of the positioning support platform, distributed at intervals along the circumference of the first guide portion.

[0016] This utility model discloses a workpiece self-aligning positioning worktable for production lines. Its core lies in the elliptical conical surface cooperation between the conical guide cavity at the bottom of the positioning support platform and the second guide part at the top of the fixed platform. During the workpiece's descent with the positioning support platform, both horizontal position correction and circumferential correction around the vertical axis are simultaneously achieved. Compared to existing technologies, this utility model offers the following advantages: Workpiece placement eliminates the need for close-range manual pushing and rotation; the positioning support platform completes alignment during descent, reducing repeated lifting and manual adjustments. The elliptical conical surface cooperation provides horizontal correction while also constraining the circumferential posture, ensuring a definite orientation for the workpiece after placement, facilitating subsequent assembly operations. The cooperation between the central guide column and the central guide hole provides further guidance and limitation at the end of the placement process, while the buffer spring reduces impact during placement. The traction ring and traction rope allow operators to make preliminary adjustments to the workpiece's circumferential posture from a distance. The positioning step and its cooperation ensure stable bearing after placement. The lifting ring facilitates the lifting and transport of the positioning support platform. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the normal hoisting operation of a workpiece self-centering and positioning workbench used in a production line.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a workpiece self-centering and positioning workbench for a production line.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the centering process of a workpiece self-centering and positioning workbench used in a production line.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning support platform of a workpiece self-centering and positioning workbench for a production line after it has been placed on a fixed platform for centering.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning support platform in a workpiece self-centering and positioning workbench for a production line.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed platform and a spring in a workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable used in a production line.

[0023] The following are the markings in the attached diagram: 1. Fixed platform; 11. Second guide section; 111. Central guide hole; 112. Conical guide surface; 113. Buffer spring; 114. Gasket; 12. Positioning step; 2. Positioning bearing platform; 21. Support surface; 22. First guide section; 221. Conical guide cavity; 222. Central guide post; 23. Traction ring; 24. Mounting positioning hole; 25. Step mating part; 26. Lifting ring; 27. Reinforcing rib; 3. Traction rope; 4. Workpiece; 5. Crane. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] In assembly and maintenance operations on the production line, workpieces such as cabinets and boxes need to be hoisted onto the workbench and positioned using a crane. During hoisting, workpieces are prone to horizontal and circumferential positional deviations. For large or heavy workpieces, manual close-range adjustment is inconvenient. Therefore, this application provides a workpiece self-centering positioning workbench for production lines, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes a fixed platform 1 fixed to a predetermined work position and a positioning support platform 2 that can be separated from the fixed platform 1. The top of the positioning support platform 2 forms a support surface 21 for supporting the workpiece 4. The bottom of the positioning support platform 2 is provided with a first guide portion 22, which forms a downward-opening conical guide cavity 221. The top of the fixed platform 1 is provided with an upward-protruding second guide portion 11. The outer peripheral surface of the second guide portion 11 is adapted to the inner peripheral surface of the conical guide cavity 221. The conical guide cavity 221 and the second guide portion 11 are both elliptical in cross-section perpendicular to the protruding direction of the second guide portion 11.

[0027] The fixed platform 1 is a base structure installed at a predetermined workstation on the production line. It can be fixed to the workshop floor by means of anchor bolts or welding. Its top center protrudes upwards to form a second guide section 11. The positioning support platform 2 is an independently movable platform. It can be placed on the fixed platform 1 or lifted by the crane 5 and moved along with the workpiece 4. The top support surface 21 of the positioning support platform 2 is used to place the workpiece 4, which can be fixed to the support surface 21 by fasteners or clamping structures. The bottom center of the positioning support platform 2 forms a first guide section 22. Inside the first guide section 22 is a downward-opening conical guide cavity 221. The cavity wall of the conical guide cavity 221 is inclined, and the cross-section decreases towards the bottom. The second guide section 11 is also an upward-protruding frustum structure, and its outer contour matches the inner contour of the conical guide cavity 221.

[0028] Specifically, the cross-sections of the conical guide cavity 221 and the second guide part 11 in the horizontal direction are both elliptical. That is, viewed from above, the inner wall contour of the guide cavity and the outer wall contour of the second guide part are both elliptical. An ellipse has a major axis and a minor axis, with the dimension along the major axis being larger than that along the minor axis. When the positioning support table 2 lowers with the workpiece 4, if the positioning support table 2 is offset horizontally relative to the fixed table 1, the conical surface of the second guide part 11 will first contact the conical surface of the conical guide cavity 221. The inclined surface at the contact point will generate a horizontal component force, pushing the positioning support table 2 towards the center of the fixed table 1. Simultaneously, since the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross-sections are unequal, if the positioning support table 2 also has a rotational deviation about the vertical axis relative to the fixed table 1, then when the elliptical guide cavity and the elliptical guide part contact, the reaction forces generated by the contact points along the major axis and the contact points along the minor axis on the positioning support table 2 are inconsistent, forming a torque about the vertical axis, causing the positioning support table 2 to rotate until the major axes of the two ellipses align with each other. In this way, the positioning platform 2 automatically completes the horizontal position and circumferential attitude alignment simultaneously during the descent process.

[0029] As the positioning support platform 2 continues to descend, the second guide section 11 gradually enters the depth of the conical guide cavity 221, and the gap between the conical surfaces gradually decreases, further defining the position and circumferential angle of the positioning support platform 2. Once the positioning support platform 2 has descended to its final position, the fixed platform 1 provides stable support for it. After the workpiece 4 is positioned, its center position and circumferential orientation are consistent with the predetermined position, allowing for direct subsequent assembly or maintenance operations without requiring workers to move or rotate the workpiece at close range.

[0030] The technical advantage of this embodiment is that, by utilizing the mating relationship of the elliptical conical surface, horizontal and circumferential corrections are simultaneously completed during the descent of the positioning support platform. This eliminates the need for additional positioning pins or multiple sets of guide structures, resulting in a simpler structure. The workpiece can automatically align itself after being hoisted into place, reducing manual adjustments and repeated lifting, and ensuring a smoother placement process.

[0031] The present invention further proposes that the bottom center of the tapered guide cavity 221 is provided with a downwardly extending central guide post 222, and the center of the second guide part 11 is provided with a central guide hole 111 for the central guide post 222 to extend into.

[0032] The central guide post 222 extends downward from the center of the bottom of the conical guide cavity 221 and is a cylindrical structure. The central guide hole 111 is a vertical circular hole located at the center of the second guide portion 11. When the positioning support platform 2 descends to the position where the conical guide cavity 221 and the second guide portion 11 are basically engaged, the central guide post 222 extends into the central guide hole 111. When the engagement of the central guide post 222 and the central guide hole 111 occurs, the horizontal position and circumferential orientation of the positioning support platform 2 have been basically aligned by the elliptical cone surface, and the central guide post 222 can smoothly enter the central guide hole 111 to provide the final definition for the horizontal position of the positioning support platform 2.

[0033] In one specific implementation, the opening of the central guide hole 111 can be made into a flared shape to facilitate the entry of the central guide post 222. The lower end of the central guide post 222 can be made into an arc shape or a chamfer shape to reduce resistance during entry.

[0034] The technical effect of this embodiment is that the cooperation between the central guide post and the central guide hole provides additional guidance and limitation for the final stage of the positioning, making it less likely for the positioning support platform to move horizontally after the conical surface is engaged, and making the position more stable after positioning.

[0035] The present invention further proposes that the central guide post 222 is cylindrical and the opening of the central guide hole 111 is circular; on the cross section where the free end of the central guide post 222 is located and perpendicular to the axis of the central guide post 222, the sum of the semi-major axis length of the elliptical cross section of the tapered guide cavity 221 and the diameter of the central guide post 222 is less than the diameter of the opening of the central guide hole 111.

[0036] The central guide post 222 is used to enter the central guide hole 111 when the positioning support platform 2 descends to the centering stage. Since the second guide portion 11 has already entered the conical guide cavity 221 when the central guide post 222 begins to approach the central guide hole 111, there may still be a certain clearance between the outer elliptical conical surfaces. Therefore, the positioning support platform 2 and the fixed platform 1 are not required to be completely concentric in the horizontal direction. Especially in the direction of the major axis of the ellipse, since the radial dimension corresponding to this direction is relatively large, the central guide post 222 may still have a certain lateral offset relative to the central guide hole 111.

[0037] In this embodiment, the tapered guide cavity 221 at the cross-section where the free end of the central guide post 222 is located is used as a dimensional reference. The length of the semi-major axis of this cross-section represents the radial dimension from the center of the tapered guide cavity 221 to its inner circumferential surface on the major axis side. Based on this, the sum of the semi-major axis length and the diameter of the central guide post 222 is made smaller than the orifice diameter of the central guide hole 111, thereby reserving a larger lateral entry space for the orifice of the central guide hole 111 relative to the central guide post 222. This dimensional relationship does not require that the central guide post 222 can enter the central guide hole 111 in any eccentric state where the outer guide structure is completely unrestrained. Rather, it is based on the working state where the second guide part 11 has already entered the tapered guide cavity 221 and the outer elliptical cone surface has begun to correct the position of the positioning support platform 2, reserving an entry margin for any remaining eccentricity that has not been completely eliminated.

[0038] Specifically, as the positioning platform 2 descends, the second guide section 11 first engages with the conical guide cavity 221, gradually reducing the horizontal position deviation and circumferential angle deviation of the positioning platform 2 during the contact process. The free end of the central guide post 222 then reaches the vicinity of the opening of the central guide hole 111. At this point, even if the positioning platform 2 still has a certain lateral deviation, the larger opening of the central guide hole 111 can still provide entry space for the central guide post 222, making it less likely for the central guide post 222 to rigidly interfere with the top of the second guide section 11. As the positioning platform 2 continues to descend, the outer elliptical conical surface further completes the centering, and the eccentricity between the central guide post 222 and the central guide hole 111 also decreases. The central guide post 222 then enters the central guide hole 111, further defining the position of the later stage of the positioning.

[0039] This embodiment limits the relationship between the orifice size of the central guide hole 111 and the semi-major axis of the elliptical conical guide cavity 221 and the diameter of the central guide post 222. This allows for lateral clearance space for the central guide post 222 to enter the central guide hole 111, reducing the possibility of premature interference between the central guide post 222 and the second guide part 11 before the outer elliptical conical surface has been aligned. This enables the outer guide and the central guide to participate in the positioning process of the bearing platform 2 in sequence.

[0040] The present invention further proposes that the orifice of the central guide hole 111 is formed with a tapered guide surface 112.

[0041] The tapered guide surface 112 is a chamfered or flared surface at the opening of the central guide hole 111, gradually narrowing inwards from the opening. When the lower end of the central guide post 222 approaches the central guide hole 111, even if there is a slight deviation between the central guide post 222 and the center of the opening, the tapered guide surface 112 can guide the central guide post 222 to slide towards the center of the hole, allowing the central guide post 222 to smoothly enter the central guide hole 111. The tapered guide surface 112 can be a conical surface or an elliptical conical surface, as long as it can guide the central guide post 222. This design provides a guiding function for the central guide post to enter the central guide hole, reducing the possibility of the central guide post colliding with the edge of the opening and making the placement smoother.

[0042] The present invention further proposes that a buffer spring 113 is provided in the central guide hole 111. One end of the buffer spring 113 abuts against the bottom of the central guide hole 111, and the other end abuts against the gasket 114. The gasket 114 is slidably disposed in the central guide hole 111. When the central guide post 222 extends into the central guide hole 111, its free end abuts against the gasket 114.

[0043] The buffer spring 113 is installed inside the central guide hole 111, with its lower end abutting against the bottom of the hole and its upper end pressing against a pad 114. The pad 114 can slide up and down within the central guide hole 111. When the central guide post 222 extends into the central guide hole 111 and continues to move downward, the lower end of the central guide post 222 will touch the pad 114, pushing the pad 114 downward to compress the buffer spring 113. The buffer spring 113 absorbs part of the impact force of the descent, preventing the positioning support platform 2 from rigidly colliding with the fixed platform 1 at the end of its placement. The buffer spring 113 can be a cylindrical helical spring, and the pad 114 can be a circular flat plate structure. The outer diameter of the pad 114 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the central guide hole 111, allowing the pad 114 to slide along the hole wall. As an alternative embodiment, those skilled in the art can also use a disc spring or a rubber elastomer instead of a cylindrical helical spring, which can also achieve the same buffering effect.

[0044] The technical effect of this embodiment is that the buffer spring and the pad absorb the impact at the end of the placement, reducing the collision between the positioning support platform and the fixed platform, making the placement process more stable, and also helping to protect the workpiece and the platform.

[0045] The present invention further proposes that a traction ring 23 is provided on the top of the positioning support platform 2. The traction ring 23 is located at one end of the positioning support platform 2 along the elliptical major axis of the conical guide cavity 221, and the traction ring 23 is connected to a traction rope 3.

[0046] The traction ring 23 is installed on the top of the positioning platform 2, at one end along the major axis of the ellipse. Since an ellipse has a major axis and a minor axis, the operator can determine the current orientation of the positioning platform 2 by observing the position of the traction ring 23. A traction rope 3 is connected to the traction ring 23, and the traction rope 3 can be quite long. When the positioning platform 2 is lifted by the crane 5 and approaches the fixed platform 1, the operator can stand at a distance and pull the traction rope 3. The traction rope 3 applies a torque around the vertical axis to the positioning platform 2, causing it to rotate. This allows for preliminary adjustment of the circumferential orientation of the positioning platform 2 before its descent, roughly aligning the major axis of the ellipse with the major axis of the ellipse of the fixed platform 1. Then, the elliptical cone surface completes the final automatic alignment during descent. The traction ring 23 can be a metal ring, fixed to the top edge of the positioning platform 2 by welding or bolting. The traction rope 3 can be a nylon rope or a steel wire rope, with one end attached to the traction ring 23 and the other end held by the operator.

[0047] The technical advantage of this embodiment is that the traction ring and traction rope allow operators to make preliminary adjustments to the circumferential orientation of the positioning platform from a distance without having to approach the lifting components, which is quite convenient. The traction ring, located at one end of the major axis of the ellipse, also serves to indicate the orientation of the positioning platform, helping to reduce the possibility of reverse installation in the 180° direction.

[0048] The present invention further proposes that the top periphery of the fixed platform 1 is provided with a positioning step 12, and the lower end of the positioning support platform 2 is provided with a step mating part 25 adapted to the positioning step 12. The step mating part 25 is supported on the horizontal surface of the positioning step 12 and abuts against the vertical positioning surface of the positioning step 12.

[0049] The positioning step 12 is a stepped structure at the top edge of the fixed platform 1, having a horizontal plane and a vertical plane. The step mating part 25 is a corresponding structure at the lower edge of the positioning support platform 2, and its shape matches the positioning step 12. When the positioning support platform 2 descends into place, the step mating part 25 rests on the positioning step 12, and the bottom surface of the step mating part 25 contacts the horizontal plane of the positioning step 12. The weight of the positioning support platform 2 is transferred to the fixed platform 1 through this horizontal plane. At the same time, the side of the step mating part 25 abuts against the vertical plane of the positioning step 12, constraining the horizontal position of the positioning support platform 2, making it less likely for the positioning support platform 2 to move horizontally after it is positioned.

[0050] The technical effect of this embodiment is that the positioning step and the step mating part provide stable support for the positioning support platform after being placed in place. The cooperation between the horizontal and vertical planes makes the positioning support platform less prone to horizontal movement, and the position after placement is relatively stable.

[0051] The present invention further proposes that the supporting surface 21 is provided with mounting positioning holes 24 corresponding to the connecting holes on the workpiece 4. The mounting positioning holes 24 are for fasteners to pass through, so as to position and fix the workpiece 4 on the positioning support platform 2.

[0052] The mounting positioning hole 24 is located on the support surface 21, corresponding to the connecting hole at the bottom of the workpiece 4. After the workpiece 4 is placed on the support surface 21, bolts or other fasteners can be passed through the connecting hole and the mounting positioning hole 24 to fix the workpiece 4 onto the positioning support platform 2. In this way, the workpiece 4 and the positioning support platform 2 form a single unit. When the crane 5 lifts the workpiece 4, the positioning support platform 2 moves along with the workpiece 4. During positioning, the positioning support platform 2 cooperates with the fixed platform 1 to complete the centering, and the workpiece 4 is also positioned accordingly. The mounting positioning hole and fasteners ensure that the workpiece and the positioning support platform remain relatively fixed during lifting, preventing the workpiece from sliding on the support surface. During positioning, the workpiece is aligned together with the positioning support platform, making operation convenient.

[0053] The present invention further proposes that the outer periphery of the positioning support platform 2 is provided with lifting rings 26 symmetrically arranged along the circumference of the positioning support platform 2, and the lifting rings 26 have lifting holes for the lifting components to pass through or connect.

[0054] The lifting rings 26 are installed on the outer periphery of the positioning support platform 2, arranged symmetrically along the circumference. Each lifting ring 26 has a lifting hole, through which the hook or sling of the crane 5 can be inserted to lift the positioning support platform 2. The symmetrical arrangement of the lifting rings ensures that the positioning support platform 2 remains balanced during lifting, preventing tilting. There can be four lifting rings 26, respectively located on the four sides of the positioning support platform 2. The lifting rings facilitate the lifting and transport of the positioning support platform by the crane 5, and the symmetrical arrangement maintains the platform's balance during lifting, facilitating placement and alignment.

[0055] The present invention further proposes that reinforcing ribs 27 are provided between the outer periphery of the first guide portion 22 and the bottom of the positioning support platform 2, and are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the first guide portion 22.

[0056] The reinforcing ribs 27 connect the outer peripheral surface of the first guide portion 22 and the bottom surface of the positioning support platform 2, and are spaced apart along the circumference of the first guide portion 22. The reinforcing ribs 27 improve the connection strength between the first guide portion 22 and the bottom of the positioning support platform 2, making the first guide portion 22 less prone to deformation when subjected to workpiece weight and impact. In one specific embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 27 can be triangular plates, welded or integrally formed between the outer periphery of the first guide portion 22 and the bottom of the positioning support platform 2. The number of reinforcing ribs 27 can be four or six, evenly distributed circumferentially. The reinforcing ribs improve the connection strength between the first guide portion and the bottom of the positioning support platform, making the guide portion less prone to deformation under stress, thus helping to maintain guiding accuracy.

[0057] The overall working principle of this device is as follows: Workpiece 4 is fixed on positioning support platform 2. Crane 5 lifts positioning support platform 2 together with workpiece 4 via lifting ring 26 and moves it above fixed platform 1. The operator judges the orientation of positioning support platform 2 through traction ring 23, and pulls traction rope 3 to make preliminary adjustments to the circumferential attitude of positioning support platform 2 if necessary. Then crane 5 descends, and the conical guide cavity 221 at the bottom of positioning support platform 2 gradually fits into the second guide part 11 at the top of fixed platform 1. During the contact process, the elliptical conical surface simultaneously applies horizontal correction force and circumferential correction torque to positioning support platform 2, so that positioning support platform 2 automatically completes the horizontal position and circumferential attitude alignment during descent. When it descends to the final stage, the central guide column 222 enters the central guide hole 111, and the buffer spring 113 absorbs the impact. Finally, the stepped mating part 25 of positioning support platform 2 lands on the positioning step 12 of fixed platform 1, completing the placement. Workpiece 4 arrives at the predetermined position along with positioning support platform 2, and can be used for subsequent assembly or maintenance operations.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line, characterized in that, The system includes a fixed platform (1) fixed to a predetermined work position and a positioning support platform (2) detachably disposed from the fixed platform (1). The top of the positioning support platform (2) forms a support surface (21) for supporting the workpiece (4). The bottom of the positioning support platform (2) is provided with a first guide portion (22), which forms a downward-opening conical guide cavity (221). The top of the fixed platform (1) is provided with an upward-protruding second guide portion (11). The outer peripheral surface of the second guide portion (11) is adapted to the inner peripheral surface of the conical guide cavity (221). The conical guide cavity (221) and the second guide portion (11) are both elliptical in cross-section perpendicular to the protruding direction of the second guide portion (11).

2. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical guide cavity (221) has a downwardly extending central guide post (222) at the bottom center, and the second guide part (11) has a central guide hole (111) at the center for the central guide post (222) to extend into.

3. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central guide post (222) is cylindrical, and the opening of the central guide hole (111) is circular. On the cross section where the free end of the central guide post (222) is located and perpendicular to the axis of the central guide post (222), the sum of the semi-major axis length of the elliptical cross section of the tapered guide cavity (221) and the diameter of the central guide post (222) is less than the diameter of the opening of the central guide hole (111).

4. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening of the central guide hole (111) has a tapered guide surface (112).

5. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 3, characterized in that, A buffer spring (113) is provided inside the central guide hole (111). One end of the buffer spring (113) abuts against the bottom of the central guide hole (111), and the other end abuts against the gasket (114). The gasket (114) is slidably disposed inside the central guide hole (111). When the central guide post (222) extends into the central guide hole (111), its free end abuts against the gasket (114).

6. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the positioning support platform (2) is provided with a traction ring (23), which is located at one end of the positioning support platform (2) along the elliptical major axis of the conical guide cavity (221), and the traction ring (23) is connected to a traction rope (3).

7. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top periphery of the fixed platform (1) is provided with a positioning step (12), and the lower end of the positioning support platform (2) is provided with a step mating part (25) that is adapted to the positioning step (12). The step mating part (25) is supported on the horizontal surface of the positioning step (12) and abuts against the vertical positioning surface of the positioning step (12).

8. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting surface (21) has mounting and positioning holes (24) corresponding to the connecting holes on the workpiece (4). The mounting and positioning holes (24) are for fasteners to pass through, so as to position and fix the workpiece (4) to the positioning support platform (2).

9. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the positioning support platform (2) is provided with lifting rings (26) arranged symmetrically along the circumference of the positioning support platform (2), and the lifting rings (26) have lifting holes for connecting lifting components.

10. The workpiece self-centering and positioning worktable for a production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reinforcing rib (27) is provided between the outer periphery of the first guide part (22) and the bottom of the positioning support platform (2) and is distributed circumferentially along the first guide part (22).

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