Ecological slope protection for river bank drawdown zone

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ecological revetment of riverbank drawdown zone, including bottom revetment, base layer, top material bundle, top material row, base layer is set in the side of bottom revetment close to river water, top material row is laid along the surface of bottom revetment, top material bundle is located between base layer and top material row, top material row and top material bundle are perpendicular arrangement, and top material bundle and top material row are fixed on bottom revetment by fixed wooden pile.The ecological revetment of the utility model can effectively cover slope surface by the cooperation of top material bundle and top material row, reduce the effect of water flow direct scouring soil, protect slope surface long-term stability, reduce soil erosion, improve revetment scouring resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of riverbank ecological restoration technology, specifically to an ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbank ecological restoration is one of the ecological engineering fields that has received widespread attention in recent years. Traditional slope protection techniques mostly use rigid structures, such as concrete revetments and riprap revetments. These methods can prevent soil erosion to some extent, but their drawbacks are also quite obvious. Severe ecological damage: Concrete and other materials alter the original riverbank ecological environment, hindering vegetation growth and aquatic organism habitats, and reducing the ecosystem's self-repair capacity; Insufficient sustainability: Rigid slope protection materials are mostly non-renewable resources, and the construction process consumes a lot of energy, which does not conform to the concept of green and sustainable development; Poor adaptability: In the drawdown zones of natural rivers, lakes, or reservoirs, water levels fluctuate frequently, and rigid slope protection is easily damaged by water erosion, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0003] For the ecological restoration of reservoir drawdown zones, existing ecological slope protection technologies still have many limitations:

[0004] 1. Limitations of Vegetation-Based Slope Protection Technology: Traditional vegetation-based slope protection methods, such as turf laying and shrub planting, have low survival rates in drawdown zones. Due to the periodic changes in water levels in drawdown zones, vegetation is easily affected by alternating flooding and drought, leading to unstable survival rates. Furthermore, the root system of vegetation has a weak effect on soil consolidation and is easily eroded by water flow, resulting in persistent soil erosion problems.

[0005] 2. Adaptability issues of existing ecological slope protection materials: Ecological slope protection typically employs a combination of plants and bioengineering, such as willow branches and coconut fiber mats. However, some materials are prone to rotting in areas with fluctuating water levels, affecting the long-term stability of the slope protection. Some existing slope protection materials lack sufficient strength and stability, making it difficult to maintain the integrity of the slope protection structure under prolonged water level fluctuations.

[0006] 3. Construction and Maintenance Issues: Traditional ecological slope protection construction techniques are relatively complex, require high technical expertise, and are difficult to promote. Maintenance costs are high, especially in drawdown zones where the slope protection structure must withstand long-term water level changes and flood erosion. Conventional ecological slope protection lacks durability and requires frequent repairs.

[0007] Therefore, this patent application is filed. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned above.

[0009] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] It includes a bottom slope protection, a foundation layer, a top material bundle, and a top material row. The foundation layer is located on the side of the bottom slope protection closest to the river water. The top material row is laid along the surface of the bottom slope protection. The top material bundle is located between the foundation layer and the top material row. The top material row is arranged perpendicular to the top material bundle. Both the top material bundle and the top material row are fixed to the bottom slope protection by fixed wooden stakes.

[0011] This invention utilizes a combination of topstrip bundles and topstrip stacks to effectively cover the slope, reducing the direct erosion of the soil by water flow and protecting the slope's stability; it also reduces soil erosion and improves the slope's resistance to erosion.

[0012] As a preferred design, the base layer is paved with rubble and filled with cement mortar, and the thickness of the base layer is 300~400mm.

[0013] As a preferred design, the willow branch bundle is made by binding willow branches together with a fixing strap, and the diameter of the willow branch bundle is 200~300mm.

[0014] As a preferred design, the fixing strap is a thick hemp rope, and the willow branches are bound together with the thick hemp rope at 500mm intervals.

[0015] The willow branches are 20-25mm in diameter and 3000mm in length. Multiple bundles of branches are laid sequentially on the bottom slope protection in a direction perpendicular to the slope surface.

[0016] As a preferred design, the fixing stakes for securing the bundle of topspins include live stakes and dead stakes. Multiple live stakes are arranged at intervals to form a row of live fixing stakes, and multiple dead stakes are arranged at intervals to form a row of dead fixing stakes. The rows of live fixing stakes and the rows of dead fixing stakes are arranged alternately and alternately.

[0017] Both the living and dead wooden stakes are wedge-shaped stakes with one end larger than the other.

[0018] This invention utilizes the natural growth characteristics of living wooden stakes. Over time, the living wooden stakes sprout and form a stable vegetation cover, possessing self-repair capabilities and maintaining the stability of the slope protection structure in the long term. No additional maintenance is required, as the slope protection can self-renew, reducing human intervention and lowering long-term maintenance costs. It also boasts high durability; compared to traditional vegetation slope protection, the slope protection structure of this invention becomes more stable as plants grow, ensuring long-term effectiveness.

[0019] As a preferred design, the living and dead wooden stakes have a diameter of 100mm and a length of 800mm. The living stakes in each row of living fixed stakes are spaced 500mm apart, the dead stakes in each row of dead fixed stakes are spaced 500mm apart, and the spacing between adjacent rows of living and dead fixed stakes is 500mm.

[0020] As a preferred design, the living and dead wooden stakes are inserted into the bottom slope protection to a depth of at least 500mm, and the exposed parts of the living and dead wooden stakes are fixed by wrapping with fixing straps.

[0021] As a preferred design, the slope of the bottom slope protection is less than or equal to 1:3.

[0022] As a preferred design, the branch material is formed by laying multiple willow branches in sequence and binding them with fixing straps, and the thickness of the branch material is greater than or equal to 300mm;

[0023] The fixing stakes for fixing the top material row are live wooden stakes with a diameter of 500-600mm and a length of 800-1000mm. Each row of live wooden stakes is arranged alternately, and the distance between each row is 500mm.

[0024] As a preferred design, all the living wooden stakes are made of living willow wood.

[0025] This invention uses active willow stakes, which can sprout and grow naturally, integrate with the local ecological environment, and improve the ecological restoration effect; form a natural vegetation community, and the root system of willow and other plants can further stabilize the soil and improve biodiversity; promote the restoration of aquatic ecology, improve the natural landscape of the drawdown zone, and provide a better habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms.

[0026] Furthermore, this utility model uses willow twigs and active willow piles, which are abundant and inexpensive, significantly reducing material costs compared to concrete slope protection. The construction process does not require large machinery and mainly relies on manual operation, reducing the difficulty of engineering construction and improving feasibility. The construction cycle is short, and the slope protection construction can be completed in a short time, improving project efficiency.

[0027] In summary, this utility model improves the long-term stability of slope protection, reduces soil erosion, and enhances the slope protection's resistance to scour by combining engineering measures with bioremediation.

[0028] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model compared to the prior art are:

[0029] 1. The ecological slope protection provided by the embodiments of this utility model can effectively cover the slope surface through the cooperation of top material bundles and top material rows, reduce the direct erosion of soil by water flow, protect the long-term stability of the slope surface, reduce soil erosion, and improve the slope protection's resistance to erosion.

[0030] 2. This utility model, through the alternating arrangement of living and dead wooden piles, not only provides structural stability but also utilizes the growth characteristics of the willow piles among the living piles, enabling the slope protection to possess ecological restoration and self-repair capabilities. Thus, by combining engineering measures with bioremediation, it improves the long-term stability of the slope protection, reduces soil erosion, and enhances its resistance to scour. This not only overcomes the ecological damage caused by traditional hard slope protection but also compensates for the insufficient durability of existing ecological slope protection materials, providing a superior solution for the ecological restoration of reservoir drawdown zones. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of an ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones provided by this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front view of a top material bundle for ecological slope protection of riverbank drawdown zone provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a bundle of top material for ecological slope protection of riverbank drawdown zone provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a top material bundle for ecological slope protection of riverbank drawdown zone provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a top material distribution system for an ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones provided by this utility model.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1- Bottom slope protection, 2- Foundation layer, 3- Top material bundle, 4- Top material row, 5- Fixing belt, 6- Live wooden pile, 7- Dead wooden pile. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0040] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to implement the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0041] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "an embodiment," "an example," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, an ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zone includes a bottom slope protection 1, a base layer 2, a top material bundle 3, and a top material row 4.

[0045] The bottom slope protection 1 is formed by filling with undisturbed soil. The bottom slope protection 1 has a certain slope. In this embodiment, its slope is set to 1:3 (that is, the height changes by 1m when the horizontal distance changes by 3m). Using this slope can improve the stability of the slope protection and the effect of soil and water conservation.

[0046] The foundation layer 2 is located on the side of the bottom slope 1 closest to the river water, and is laid along the direction of the riverbank. The foundation layer 2 is constructed of rubble, with cement mortar filling the rubble layers. The thickness of the foundation layer 2 is 300-400mm. Using the foundation layer 2 increases the support at the bottom, while the cement mortar filling and fixing of the rubble makes the foundation layer 2 more stable and reduces the erosion of the slope by water flow.

[0047] The top material bundles 3 are laid on the bottom slope protection 1 on the side, against the foundation layer 2, and the arrangement direction of the top material bundles 3 is also along the extension direction of the riverbank. The top material bundles 3 are used to construct a slope cover layer to reduce the direct erosion of the slope by water flow and enhance the soil and water conservation capacity.

[0048] The topsoil bundle 4 is laid on the bottom slope 1, adjacent to the topsoil bundle 3, and is arranged perpendicular to the topsoil bundle 3, meaning the topsoil bundle 4 is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the riverbank. The topsoil bundle 4 enhances the overall structural stability of the slope and provides an ecological environment for vegetation growth. Through the cooperation of the topsoil bundle 3 and the topsoil bundle 4, the slope surface is effectively covered, reducing the direct erosion of the soil by water flow, protecting the long-term stability of the slope, reducing soil erosion, and improving the slope's resistance to erosion.

[0049] In this embodiment, the willow branch bundle 3 is formed by binding willow branches together with fixing straps 5. The diameter of the bundle 3 is 200-300mm. The fixing straps 5 are made of thick hemp rope, and the willow branches are bound together with thick hemp rope every 500mm. The willow branches have a diameter of 20-25mm and a length of 3000mm, and have good toughness and resistance to water erosion. Multiple bundles 3 are laid sequentially on the bottom slope protection 1 in a direction perpendicular to the slope surface to enhance the water interception capacity.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fixing stakes for the fixed bundle of topspin 3 include live stakes 6 and dead stakes 7. The live stakes 6 are made of active willow wood, and multiple live stakes 6 are arranged at intervals to form a row of live fixed stakes. Multiple dead stakes 7 are arranged at intervals to form a row of dead fixed stakes. The rows of live fixed stakes and the rows of dead fixed stakes are spaced a certain distance apart and are staggered. The specific arrangement is shown in [the following text is missing from the original] Figure 2 , 3 4; Both the living wooden stake 6 and the dead wooden stake 7 are wedge-shaped stakes with one end larger than the other.

[0051] The living wooden stakes 6 and the dead wooden stakes 7 are both 100mm in diameter and 800mm in length. The interval between the living wooden stakes 6 in each row of living fixed stakes is 500mm, the interval between the dead wooden stakes 7 in each row of dead fixed stakes is 500mm, and the distance between adjacent rows of living fixed stakes and rows of dead fixed stakes is 500mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the living wooden stakes 6 and the dead wooden stakes 7 are inserted into the bottom slope protection 1 to a depth of at least 500mm, and the exposed parts of the living wooden stakes 6 and the dead wooden stakes 7 are fixed by wrapping them with fixing straps 5.

[0053] In this implementation, the method of using alternating live wooden piles 6 and dead wooden piles 7 to fix the top material bundles 3 not only provides structural stability, but also utilizes the growth characteristics of the willow piles in the live wooden piles 6 to enable the slope protection to have ecological restoration and self-repair capabilities.

[0054] The branch strip 4 is formed by laying multiple willow branches in sequence and binding them together with fixing straps 5. The thickness of the branch strip 4 is greater than or equal to 300mm. The fixing stakes for the branch strip 4 are live wooden stakes 6 with a diameter of 500-600mm and a length of 800-1000mm. Each row of live wooden stakes 6 is arranged alternately, with a spacing of 500mm between each row. See Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0055] Similarly, using live wooden stakes 6 to fix the top material row 4 can not only further enhance the stability of the slope, but also provide an ecological growth environment. At the same time, the germination and growth of the active willow stakes will form natural vegetation cover, improving the durability of the slope.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] This embodiment provides the construction process of slope protection, specifically as follows:

[0058] 1. Construction of the base

[0059] Objective: To provide a stable foundation for the slope protection, prevent erosion at the toe of the slope, and improve the overall structural stability.

[0060] Implementation steps:

[0061] (1) In the riverbank slope protection area, dig a pit of appropriate depth (generally 300-500mm) along the bottom of the revetment.

[0062] (2) Lay 300-400mm thick stones at the bottom of the pit as the base layer 2 of the slope protection to increase the bottom support.

[0063] (3) Use cement mortar to fill and fix the stones to make the base more stable and reduce the erosion of the slope by water flow.

[0064] 2. Arrangement and fixing of willow twig bundles 3

[0065] Objective: To construct a slope cover layer using willow twigs to reduce direct water erosion of the slope and enhance soil and water conservation capabilities.

[0066] Implementation steps:

[0067] (1) Selection of willow branch material: Select willow branches with a diameter of 20-25mm and a length of 3000mm, which have good toughness and resistance to water erosion.

[0068] (2) Making the top material bundle 3:

[0069] At 500mm intervals, tie the willow branches with thick hemp rope to form bundles of top material with a diameter of 200-300mm.

[0070] The top material bundles 3 must be tightly tied to ensure that they do not loosen when laid on the slope.

[0071] (3) Arrangement of willow twig bundle 3:

[0072] It is laid horizontally on the bottom slope protection, making it perpendicular to the slope direction, to enhance the water flow interception capacity.

[0073] The top material bundles must be tightly arranged to ensure that the slope surface is not exposed.

[0074] (4) Fix the top material bundle 3:

[0075] Use active willow stakes with a diameter of 100mm and a length of 800mm to be inserted into the soil layer (the bottom slope protection is undisturbed soil) at intervals of 1000mm to fix the top material bundle 3.

[0076] (5) Fixing the wooden stakes

[0077] The system includes both active willow stakes and dead stakes (7 in total). Each row of fixed stakes is arranged in a staggered pattern with a spacing of 500mm to enhance stability. The stakes must be inserted at least 500mm into the bottom slope protection (1) to ensure stability.

[0078] The exposed top part of the fixed stake is wrapped and secured with thick hemp rope to further stabilize the top bundle 3.

[0079] Among them, the selection of active willow stakes:

[0080] Willow stumps with a diameter of 100mm and a length of 800mm were selected, as they have good growth ability and water resistance.

[0081] The willow stakes need to be kept active to ensure they can sprout and grow, gradually forming natural vegetation and enhancing the long-term stability of the slope. As the willow stakes grow, the slope will gradually transform from an engineering structure into an ecological structure, achieving ecological restoration.

[0082] 3. Terrain preparation and slope adjustment

[0083] Objective: To optimize the slope of the slope protection to meet the requirements of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration, and to improve the stability of the slope.

[0084] Implementation steps:

[0085] (1) Clear weeds and obstacles from the slope to ensure that there is no unsuitable vegetation on the slope surface.

[0086] (2) Shape the slope to ensure that the slope is no greater than 1:3 (i.e., the horizontal distance is 3m and the height change is 1m) to improve the stability of the slope and the effect of soil and water conservation.

[0087] (3) Fill the soil to ensure the slope is uniform and avoid water erosion to form gullies.

[0088] 4. Arrangement and fixing of willow twigs.

[0089] Objective: To enhance the overall structural stability of the slope protection by using willow twigs as filler material and to provide an ecological environment for vegetation growth.

[0090] Implementation steps:

[0091] (1) Preparation of the fourth piece of material:

[0092] Select willow branches with a diameter of 20-25mm and a length of 3000mm, and lay them flat in a row of 4 pieces of 3000mm×500mm.

[0093] The thickness should be no less than 300mm to ensure the effectiveness of soil and water conservation.

[0094] Secure the rope with thick hemp rope every 500mm to prevent it from coming loose.

[0095] (2) Arrangement of the top material row 4:

[0096] Arrange the top material bundles perpendicularly to bundle 3 to enhance slope coverage. Bundle 4 of top material should be placed close to the slope to ensure no exposed areas.

[0097] (3) Fixing of the feed rack 4:

[0098] Use active willow stakes with a diameter of 500-600mm and a length of 800-1000mm to fix the top material row 4 to ensure stability.

[0099] The willow stakes are spaced 1000mm apart, staggered vertically, with a 500mm spacing between each row.

[0100] The willow stakes should be inserted into the soil at least 500mm deep and secured with thick hemp rope to prevent them from loosening.

[0101] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones, characterized in that, The structure includes a bottom slope protection (1), a base layer (2), a top material bundle (3), and a top material row (4). The base layer (2) is located on the side of the bottom slope protection (1) that is close to the river water. The top material row (4) is laid along the surface of the bottom slope protection (1). The top material bundle (3) is located between the base layer (2) and the top material row (4). The top material row (4) is arranged perpendicular to the top material bundle (3). Both the top material bundle (3) and the top material row (4) are fixed to the bottom slope protection (1) by fixed wooden stakes.

2. The ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base layer (2) is made of paved stones and is filled with cement mortar. The thickness of the base layer (2) is 300~400mm.

3. The ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The willow branch bundle (3) is made by binding willow branches together with a fixing strap (5), and the diameter of the willow branch bundle (3) is 200~300mm.

4. The ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing strap (5) is a thick hemp rope, and the willow branches are tied together with the thick hemp rope at 500mm intervals. The willow branches have a diameter of 20-25 mm and a length of 3000 mm. Multiple bundles of branches (3) are laid in sequence on the bottom slope protection (1) in a direction perpendicular to the slope.

5. An ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The fixing stakes for fixing the top material bundle (3) include live stakes (6) and dead stakes (7). Multiple live stakes (6) are arranged at intervals to form a row of live fixing stakes, and multiple dead stakes (7) are arranged at intervals to form a row of dead fixing stakes. The rows of live fixing stakes and the rows of dead fixing stakes are arranged alternately. Both the living wooden stake (6) and the dead wooden stake (7) are wedge-shaped stakes with one end larger than the other.

6. The ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 5, characterized in that, The living wooden stakes (6) and dead wooden stakes (7) have a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 800 mm. The living wooden stakes (6) in each row of living fixed stakes are spaced 500 mm apart, and the dead wooden stakes (7) in each row of dead fixed stakes are spaced 500 mm apart. The distance between adjacent rows of living fixed stakes and rows of dead fixed stakes is 500 mm.

7. The ecological slope protection for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 6, characterized in that, The living wooden stake (6) and the dead wooden stake (7) are inserted into the bottom slope protection (1) to a depth of at least 500mm, and the exposed parts of the living wooden stake (6) and the dead wooden stake (7) are wrapped and fixed with fixing straps (5).

8. An ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The slope of the bottom slope protection (1) is less than or equal to 1:

3.

9. An ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 8, characterized in that, The topstrip (4) is formed by laying multiple willow branches in sequence and binding them with fixing straps (5), and the thickness of the topstrip (4) is greater than or equal to 300 mm. The fixing stakes for fixing the top material row (4) are live wooden stakes (6) with a diameter of 500~600mm and a length of 800-1000mm. Each row of live wooden stakes (6) is arranged alternately, and the spacing between each row is 500mm.

10. An ecological slope protection system for riverbank drawdown zones according to claim 9, characterized in that, The living wooden stakes (6) are all made of living willow wood.

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