Temporary inverted arch support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnel
By constructing a temporary inverted arch structure with transverse, vertical, and oblique supports after bench support in water-rich soft rock tunnels, the problems of initial support settlement convergence and arch foot soaking were solved, thus improving construction safety and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522521359.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, after the middle bench support of water-rich soft rock tunnels, the lower bench and invert arch cannot be followed up in time, and the initial support cannot be closed into a ring in time, resulting in problems such as initial support settlement and convergence, arch foot soaking, and high construction efficiency and cost.
After the middle step support is completed, a temporary invert arch support structure is constructed at the arch foot, including horizontal, vertical and diagonal supports, forming a triangular structure, and filled with concrete to enhance the support strength and rigidity. The reliability is further improved by using early-strength shotcrete.
It effectively suppresses arch settlement and convergence deformation, prevents arch foot instability and settlement, improves construction safety and efficiency, and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224931688U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a temporary inverted arch support structure suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnel. BACKGROUND
[0002] The existing technology adopts three-step core soil reservation method for tunnel body excavation, after the middle step support is completed, the lower step and the inverted arch cannot be timely followed up, and the middle step construction mechanical operation space requirement is large, at this time, the primary support cannot be closed into a ring as soon as possible, the overall anti-deformation ability is poor, the on-site technology adopts locking anchor rod and enlarged arch foot to control the convergence deformation of the primary support, and the following defects exist: Primary support settlement and convergence: the existing technology adopts three-step core soil reservation method for tunnel body excavation, after the middle step support is completed, the lower step is often lagged behind in construction, the primary support cannot be timely closed into a ring in a short time, the enlarged arch foot structure cannot complete the settlement and convergence of the primary support, and the locking anchor rod is also in the deformation section of the surrounding rock, and cannot play an obvious anchoring role.
[0003] Arch foot soaking: the soft rock tunnel is prone to instability under the action of water, especially when passing through the synclinal fold section, the water inflow in this section increases under the water storage characteristics of the core, the surrounding rock is more unstable, and the arch foot is prone to soaking during the step construction, which is prone to large collapse and extrusion deformation of the primary support.
[0004] Low efficiency and high cost: the existing technology adopts three-step core soil reservation method for tunnel body excavation, after the middle support is completed, the lower step and the inverted arch cannot be timely followed up, and the primary support has large settlement and convergence, the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high by increasing the support parameters and the reserved deformation during construction. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a temporary inverted arch support structure suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnel, to alleviate the technical problems of primary support settlement and convergence, arch foot soaking, low efficiency and high cost in the prior art.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is: The temporary inverted arch support structure suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnel provided by the present application is applied to the arch foot of the arch frame after the middle step support is completed, and comprises a horizontal support, a vertical support and an inclined support. The horizontal support extends along the horizontal direction, and one end is connected with the arch frame, and the other end is connected with the vertical support at an angle. One end of the inclined support is connected with the arch frame, and the other end is connected with the vertical support at an oblique angle, and the inclined support is located below the horizontal support. The lateral support, the vertical support and the inclined support enclose a triangular area.
[0007] Further, the lateral support, the vertical support and the inclined support enclose an area filled with concrete, forming a concrete structure.
[0008] Further, the upper side of the lateral support is provided with a first reinforcing layer.
[0009] Further, the side of the vertical support away from the lateral support is provided with a second reinforcing layer.
[0010] Further, the vertical support extends in a vertical direction, and the lateral support is connected perpendicularly to the vertical support.
[0011] Further, the top end of the lateral support is connected to the vertical support.
[0012] Further, the middle part of the inclined support is connected to the vertical support at an angle.
[0013] Further, the lateral support is connected to the side wall of the arch frame, and the inclined support is connected to the bottom of the arch frame.
[0014] Further, the lateral support, the vertical support and the inclined support are all provided as profiled steel.
[0015] Further, the lateral support is welded to the vertical support, and the inclined support is welded to the vertical support.
[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects achieved by the utility model are analyzed as follows: The temporary inverted arch support structure for the water-rich soft rock tunnel is applied to the arch foot of the arch frame after the middle step support is completed, and comprises a lateral support, a vertical support and an inclined support.
[0017] The lateral support is connected to the vertical support and the arch frame, and the settlement and the internal force of the arch frame are transmitted to the bedrock through the lateral support, thereby further strengthening the force and the reaction force effect.
[0018] The diagonal support member is connected with the vertical support member and the arch frame to form a triangular stable structure with the horizontal support member, thereby enhancing the strength and rigidity of the temporary inverted arch, effectively preventing initial support instability and deformation, and ensuring construction safety.
[0019] The vertical support member is connected with the horizontal support member and the diagonal support member to transmit the settlement and convergence force from the arch frame to the bedrock through the horizontal support member and the diagonal support member, thereby enhancing the reliability of the support structure.
[0020] The arch frame is connected with the horizontal support member and the diagonal support member to temporarily close the arch frame into a ring, thereby effectively inhibiting the convergence and settlement deformation of the arch frame, and avoiding excessive deformation of the arch frame.
[0021] The temporary inverted arch support structure is applied to the soft rock tunnel with rich water, and the temporary inverted arch is constructed at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, so that the arch frame is temporarily closed into a ring, the overall anti-deformation capacity of the initial support is improved, and the deformation of the arch frame is reduced or inhibited. The temporary inverted arch support structure has good effect in the three-bench reserved core soil method construction of the soft rock tunnel with rich water, has higher practical and reliable performance, and can be widely applied to various tunnels, especially the soft rock large deformation tunnel construction process. The temporary inverted arch is constructed at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, so that the arch frame is temporarily closed into a ring, the convergence and settlement deformation of the steel frame foot are inhibited, the reserved deformation amount can be reduced on the basis of the original design support parameters, the construction progress and quality are ensured, the construction safety factor is greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced. The convergence and settlement deformation of the initial support are effectively controlled: the temporary inverted arch is constructed at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, so that the arch frame is temporarily closed into a ring, the convergence and settlement deformation of the steel frame foot are inhibited, the convergence and settlement deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame are effectively inhibited during the process conversion, the excessive deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame is avoided, the installation and connection quality of the lower connected steel frame is ensured, and the accelerated deformation of other initial support parts caused by the excessive deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame is avoided.
[0022] The deformation of the arch foot caused by immersion is prevented: the arch foot of the soft rock tunnel is prone to instability and settlement under the action of water, the temporary inverted arch is constructed at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, so that the arch frame is temporarily closed into a ring, the instability and settlement of the arch foot of the initial support caused by immersion are effectively prevented, and the construction safety is ensured.
[0023] The construction is efficient and the cost is low: the temporary inverted arch is constructed at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, so that the arch frame is temporarily closed into a ring, the convergence and settlement deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame are inhibited, the reserved deformation amount can be reduced on the basis of the original design support parameters, the construction progress and quality are ensured, the construction safety factor is greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor under the premise of the drawings.
[0025] Figure 1 The assembly structure schematic diagram suitable for the temporary inverted arch support structure of the water-rich soft rock tunnel provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram suitable for the temporary inverted arch support structure of the water-rich soft rock tunnel provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.
[0026] Icon: 1-arch frame; 2-horizontal support; 3-vertical support; 4-oblique support; 5-concrete structure; 6-first reinforcing layer; 7-second reinforcing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the positions or location relationships indicated by the terms "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the drawings, or the positions or location relationships of the products of the present application when they are usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular position, be constructed and operated in a particular position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation and description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0030] The existing technology for tunnel excavation uses a three-stage reserved core soil method. After the middle stage is supported, the lower stage and invert arch cannot be followed up in time. Moreover, the middle stage construction machinery requires a large operating space. At this time, the initial support cannot be closed into a ring as early as possible, resulting in poor overall deformation resistance. The on-site technology of using locking anchor bolts and expanding the arch foot makes it difficult to control the convergence deformation of the initial support.
[0031] In view of this, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a temporary invert arch support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels, which is installed at the arch foot of the arch frame 1 after the middle bench support is completed. It includes a transverse support member 2, a vertical support member 3, and an oblique support member 4. The transverse support member 2 extends horizontally, with one end connected to the arch frame 1 and the other end connected at an angle to the vertical support member 3. One end of the oblique support member 4 is connected to the arch frame 1, and the other end is connected at an angle to the vertical support member 3. The oblique support member 4 is located below the transverse support member 2. The transverse support member 2, the vertical support member 3, and the oblique support member 4 enclose a triangular area.
[0032] The transverse support 2 is connected to the vertical support 3 and the arch frame 1, and the settlement and inward force of the arch frame 1 are transmitted to the bedrock through the transverse support 2, which further enhances the action and reaction force effects.
[0033] The inclined support 4 is connected to the vertical support 3 and the arch frame 1, forming a triangular stable structure with the transverse support 2. This enhances the strength and rigidity of the temporary invert arch, effectively preventing initial support instability, settlement, and deformation, and ensuring construction safety.
[0034] The vertical support 3 is connected to the horizontal support 2 and the diagonal support 4, which transmits the settlement and inward force from the arch frame 1 to the bedrock through the horizontal support 2 and the diagonal support 4, thereby enhancing the reliability of the support structure.
[0035] The arch frame 1 is connected to the transverse support 2 and the diagonal support 4 to temporarily close the arch frame 1 into a ring, which can effectively suppress the convergence and settlement deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame 1, and at the same time avoid the arch foot of the arch frame 1 from deforming too quickly and affecting the installation and connection quality of the lower steel frame.
[0036] This temporary invert arch support structure, applicable to water-rich soft rock tunnels, involves promptly constructing a temporary invert arch at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed. This temporarily closes the arch frame 1 into a ring, improving the overall deformation resistance of the initial support and thus reducing or suppressing the deformation of the arch frame 1. This temporary invert arch support structure has proven effective in the three-stage reserved core soil method construction of water-rich soft rock tunnels, demonstrating higher practicality and reliability. It can be widely applied to various types of tunnels, especially in the construction of water-rich soft rock tunnels with large deformation. By promptly constructing a temporary invert arch at the arch foot after the middle bench support is completed, the temporary closure of the arch frame 1 into a ring suppresses the inward and downward deformation of the steel frame foot. Based on the original design support parameters, the reserved deformation amount can be reduced, ensuring construction progress and quality. Simultaneously, it significantly improves the construction safety factor and reduces construction costs, mainly in the following aspects: Effective control of initial support settlement convergence: After the middle bench support is completed, a temporary inverted arch is constructed at its arch foot in a timely manner to temporarily close the arch frame 1 into a ring, suppressing the inward and downward deformation of the steel frame foot. In particular, it effectively suppresses the aggravation of the inward and downward deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame 1 during process transition, avoids the arch foot of the arch frame 1 deforming too quickly and affecting the installation and connection quality of the downstream steel frame, and at the same time avoids the arch foot of the arch frame 1 deforming too quickly and causing other initial support parts to deform faster.
[0037] To prevent the arch foot from being soaked and exacerbating deformation: The arch foot of a soft rock tunnel is prone to instability and settlement under the influence of water. After the middle bench support is completed, a temporary inverted arch should be constructed at the arch foot in time to temporarily close the arch frame 1 into a ring. This can effectively prevent the initial support arch foot from being soaked and causing instability, settlement and collapse, and ensure construction safety.
[0038] High efficiency and low cost in construction: After the middle step support is completed, a temporary inverted arch is constructed in time at its arch foot to temporarily close the arch frame 1 into a ring, suppressing the inward and downward deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame 1. Based on the original design support parameters, the amount of reserved deformation can be reduced, ensuring the construction progress and quality, while also greatly improving the construction safety factor and reducing the construction cost.
[0039] In the optional embodiment of this utility model, the area enclosed by the horizontal support member 2, the vertical support member 3, and the diagonal support member 4 is filled with concrete to form a concrete structure 5.
[0040] Specifically, early-strength shotcrete is applied to the area enclosed by the horizontal support member 2, the vertical support member 3, and the diagonal support member 4 for compaction. Combined with anchor bolts, this further improves the reliability of the support. Early-strength shotcrete refers to a specially formulated concrete, such as using early-strength cement and incorporating early-strength agents, which can achieve high strength in a very short time.
[0041] The area enclosed by the horizontal support member 2, the vertical support member 3, and the diagonal support member 4 contains a concrete structure 5, which improves the reliability of the support.
[0042] In the optional solution provided in this embodiment of the utility model, a first reinforcing layer 6 is provided above the transverse support member 2.
[0043] Specifically, early-strength shotcrete is sprayed and compacted above the transverse support member 2 to form the first reinforcing layer 6.
[0044] The first reinforcing layer 6 increases the strength of the transverse support 2.
[0045] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, a second reinforcing layer 7 is provided on the side of the vertical support member 3 away from the horizontal support member 2.
[0046] Specifically, a second reinforcing layer 7 is formed by spraying early-strength shotcrete on the side of the vertical support member 3.
[0047] The second reinforcing layer 7 increases the strength of the vertical support 3.
[0048] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, the vertical support member 3 extends in the vertical direction, and the horizontal support member 2 is perpendicularly connected to the vertical support member 3.
[0049] Specifically, the vertical support 3 is vertically connected to the horizontal support 2, so that the end face of the horizontal support 2 fits and connects with the side wall of the vertical support 3, which increases the contact area between the two, ensures the connection strength, and thus improves the support effect.
[0050] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, the top ends of the horizontal support member 2 and the vertical support member 3 are connected.
[0051] Specifically, the end face of the transverse support 2 is connected to the top of the side wall of the vertical support 3; or, the top of the vertical support 3 is connected to the side wall of the transverse support 2.
[0052] The top of the horizontal support 2 is connected to the top of the vertical support 3 to prevent the vertical support 3 from being higher than the horizontal support 2, which would cause the upper surface of the entire temporary support structure to be uneven and easily injure the operators.
[0053] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, the inclined support 4 and the vertical support 3 are connected at an angle to each other at their middle parts.
[0054] Specifically, the vertical support 3 is long enough to protrude beyond the inclined support 4, so that the inclined support 4 can be fully connected with the vertical support 3.
[0055] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, the transverse support 2 is connected to the side wall of the arch frame 1, and the oblique support 4 is connected to the bottom of the arch frame 1.
[0056] Specifically, the end face of the transverse support 2 is connected to the inner wall of the arch frame 1, and the side wall of the inclined support 4 is connected to the bottom of the arch frame 1.
[0057] The transverse support 2 is connected to the side wall of the arch frame 1, and the diagonal support 4 is connected to the bottom of the arch frame 1. This allows the diagonal support 4 to be located below the transverse support 2 and connected to the arch frame 1 at different positions, thereby enhancing the connection strength and enabling it to support the arch frame 1 from different angles and positions.
[0058] In the optional scheme provided by this utility model embodiment, the horizontal support member 2, the vertical support member 3, and the diagonal support member 4 are all made of structural steel.
[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, the horizontal support 2, the vertical support 3, and the diagonal support 4 are all made of I-beams. Of course, the use of other materials for the horizontal support 2, the vertical support 3, and the diagonal support 4, or the use of different materials for the horizontal support 2, the vertical support 3, and the diagonal support 4, should also be within the protection scope of this utility model embodiment.
[0060] The high strength of the steel profiles improves the support strength.
[0061] In the optional embodiment of this utility model, the horizontal support member 2 is welded to the vertical support member 3; the oblique support member 4 is welded to the vertical support member 3.
[0062] Specifically, one end of the horizontal support member 2 is welded to the arch frame 1, and the other end is welded to the vertical support member 3; one end of the diagonal support member 4 is welded to the arch frame 1, and the other end is welded to the vertical support member 3. This ensures connection strength and improves support effectiveness.
[0063] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, multiple horizontal support members 2, vertical support members 3 and diagonal support members 4 are provided. Multiple horizontal support members 2 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel, and multiple vertical support members 3 and multiple diagonal support members 4 are respectively connected to multiple horizontal support members 2.
[0064] In the optional solution provided by this utility model embodiment, horizontal support members 2, vertical support members 3 and diagonal support members 4 are installed on both sides of the arch frame 1; the horizontal support members 2 located on different sides of the arch frame 1 can be arranged relative to each other or staggered.
[0065] The following provides a detailed explanation of the effectiveness of temporary invert support structures for water-rich soft rock tunnels: The arch frame 1 is connected to the transverse support 2 and the diagonal support 4 to temporarily close the arch frame 1 into a ring, which can effectively suppress the convergence and settlement deformation of the arch foot of the arch frame 1, and at the same time avoid the arch deformation from affecting the installation and connection quality of the lower steel frame.
[0066] The transverse support 2 is connected to the vertical support 3 and the arch frame 1, and the settlement and inward force of the arch frame 1 are transmitted to the bedrock through the transverse support 2, which further enhances the action and reaction force effects.
[0067] The inclined support 4 is connected to the vertical support 3 and the arch frame 1, forming a triangular stable structure with the transverse support 2, which enhances the strength and rigidity of the temporary invert arch. It is compacted by spraying early-strength shotcrete and combined with the anchor bolts to further improve the reliability of the support. It can effectively prevent the initial support from becoming unstable, settling and deforming, and ensure construction safety.
[0068] The vertical support 3 is connected to the horizontal support 2 and the diagonal support 4, which transmits the settlement and inward force from the arch frame 1 to the bedrock through the horizontal support 2 and the diagonal support 4, thereby enhancing the reliability of the support structure.
[0069] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A temporary invert arch support structure suitable for water-rich soft rock tunnels, constructed at the arch foot of the arch frame (1) after the middle bench support is completed; characterized in that, include: Horizontal support (2), vertical support (3) and diagonal support (4); The transverse support (2) extends in the horizontal direction, and one end is used to connect with the arch frame (1), and the other end is connected at an angle to the vertical support (3); One end of the inclined support (4) is used to connect with the arch frame (1), and the other end is connected at an angle to the vertical support (3), and the inclined support (4) is located below the horizontal support (2); The horizontal support (2), the vertical support (3), and the diagonal support (4) enclose a triangular area.
2. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area enclosed by the horizontal support (2), the vertical support (3) and the diagonal support (4) is filled with concrete to form a concrete structure (5).
3. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first reinforcing layer (6) is provided above the transverse support (2).
4. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical support member (3) has a second reinforcing layer (7) on the side away from the horizontal support member (2).
5. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical support (3) extends in the vertical direction, and the horizontal support (2) is perpendicularly connected to the vertical support (3).
6. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal support (2) is connected to the top of the vertical support (3).
7. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined support (4) is connected at an angle to the middle of the vertical support (3).
8. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse support (2) is connected to the side wall of the arch frame (1), and the oblique support (4) is connected to the bottom of the arch frame (1).
9. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal support (2), the vertical support (3), and the diagonal support (4) are all made of structural steel.
10. The temporary invert support structure for water-rich soft rock tunnels according to claim 9, characterized in that, The horizontal support (2) is welded to the vertical support (3); the diagonal support (4) is welded to the vertical support (3).