A stope roof cushioning support device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522788380.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing temporary support devices for filling mining areas cannot balance initial stiffness, controllable pressure relief, and economy. Hydraulic props are expensive, timber stacks are not strong enough, and simple steel pipe supports lack buffering capacity, resulting in unstable support or structural instability.
Design a top plate buffer support device including anchor seats, connecting plates, adjusting screws, support columns, multi-stage buffer structures and partition plates. Multi-stage buffering is provided by disc spring groups and elastic elements. Combined with friction damping structures and detachable partition plates, the device can achieve adjustment of support stiffness and segmented isolation of filling material.
This approach enables the provision of high-rigidity support in the initial stage of the roof slab, followed by controllable pressure relief to prevent structural instability. It also reduces costs, improves the density and strength uniformity of the filling material, reduces cross-flow and segregation of the filling slurry, and enhances the quality of the filling material.
Smart Images
Figure CN224931692U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to filling stope support technology field especially relates to a filling stope roof buffer support device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In underground metal mine exploitation, filling mining method is widely used in high value ore body or deep exploitation scene, and after the ore is mined, the filling slurry formed by mixing tailings, cementing material and water is injected into the goaf, and after it is solidified, the artificial ore pillar with certain strength is formed to control ground pressure and ensure the safety of subsequent stoping, because the filling body needs to go through several days to several weeks of strength development period from slurry state to bearing capacity, during which the stope roof may still continue to deform and sink, therefore, temporary support device is often needed to provide transitional support.
[0003] At present, the filling stope temporary support mostly uses hydraulic props, wood piles or simple steel pipe supports, however, the hydraulic prop has good rigidity and buffering performance, but its structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, and it depends on sealing elements, and the value of one-time use is too high, the wood pile is easy to obtain, but the material is uneven, the strength is limited, and brittle crushing or continuous creep is easy to occur after being pressed, it is difficult to provide stable and controllable support reaction, finally, the simple steel pipe support is low in cost and convenient to install, but it is usually a rigid structure, lacks effective buffering and pressure releasing mechanism, and cannot release the surrounding rock stress when the roof sinks, which easily leads to local stress concentration and even structural instability, and it is difficult to meet the multiple requirements of initial rigidity, controllable pressure and economy.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a filling stope roof buffer support device. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings that the existing buffer support device is difficult to meet the requirements of initial rigidity, controllable pressure and economy, the utility model provides a filling stope roof buffer support device.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
[0007] A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area includes an anchor seat, a connecting plate, an adjusting screw, a rotating rod, a fixed sleeve, a support column, a pressure plate, a multi-stage buffer structure, partition plates, and a limiting rod. The connecting plate is slidably connected to the upper part of the anchor seat, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the left side of the anchor seat. The adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the connecting plate, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the adjusting screw. At least two fixed sleeves are arranged laterally at intervals on the upper part of the connecting plate. A support column is slidably connected to the upper part of each fixed sleeve, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top of each support column. A multi-stage buffer structure is provided between the fixed sleeve and the support column. A partition plate is plugged into the left side of the anchor seat. The plugging position of the partition plate and the anchor seat is locked by a limiting rod. An injection port is opened on the upper part of the partition plate.
[0008] Preferably, the multi-stage buffer structure includes a slider, a wedge block, a disc spring assembly, and an elastic element. The lower half of the support column has a through-hole groove in the middle. The inner walls of the lower left and right sides of the through-hole groove are symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces. A slider is slidably connected to the lower left and right sides of the fixed sleeve. A wedge block is fixedly connected to the inner side of each slider. The two wedge blocks are symmetrically arranged and embedded in the through-hole groove of the support column. A disc spring assembly is connected between their adjacent sides. The inclined surface of the wedge block is complementary to the inclined surface of the corresponding side of the through-hole groove. An elastic element is connected between the bottom of the support column and the bottom surface of the fixed sleeve.
[0009] Preferably, the partition also includes anchor bolts, with multiple mounting holes at both the upper and lower ends of the partition plate, which can be anchored to the bottom and top plates of the roadway respectively to enhance its overall stability.
[0010] Preferably, the partition is used to separate different batches of filler during the filling process. After the filler has hardened, the partition is located at the edge of the filler. The partition can be removed and reused as a whole by removing the anchor bolts and limit rods. The remaining support structure is retained in the filler as a disposable component.
[0011] Preferably, the sliding contact surfaces of the fixed sleeve and the support column are provided with friction damping structures to provide additional damping force.
[0012] Preferably, the pressure plate is made of high-strength low-alloy steel.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0014] 1. This utility model sets up a multi-level buffer structure between the support column and the fixed sleeve, so that the disc spring group provides high rigidity support in the initial micro-settlement stage of the top plate and the elastic element realizes further pressure relief in the large deformation stage. It effectively solves the problems of lack of buffer capacity of existing simple steel pipe support, high cost of hydraulic support, and insufficient strength of timber stack, which makes it difficult to balance initial rigidity, controllable pressure relief and economy.
[0015] 2. This utility model achieves the effect of segmented isolation filling from the inside out in parallel tunnel mining by inserting a detachable partition plate on one side of the anchoring seat and temporarily fixing it between the bottom plate and the top plate of the roadway in conjunction with the injection port and anchoring bolt. This avoids segregation and voids caused by cross-flow or long-distance flow of filling slurry from different batches, and improves the density and strength uniformity of the filling body. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchoring seat, connecting plate, and adjusting screw of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the components of this utility model, including the fixing sleeve, support column, and pressure plate.
[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed sleeve, elastic element, and slider components of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the slider, wedge block, and disc spring assembly of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchor bolt, limiting rod, and injection port of this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram: 1-Anchor seat, 2-Connecting plate, 3-Adjusting screw, 4-Rotating rod, 5-Fixing sleeve, 6-Support column, 7-Pressure plate, 8-Top plate, 9-Elastic element, 10-Slider, 11-Wedge block, 12-Disc spring assembly, 13-Divider plate, 14-Anchor bolt, 15-Limiting rod, 16-Injection port, 17-Base plate. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0024] like Figures 1-4As shown, a buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area includes an anchor seat 1, a connecting plate 2, an adjusting screw 3, a rotating rod 4, a fixed sleeve 5, a support column 6, a pressure plate 7, a multi-stage buffer structure, a partition plate 13, and a limiting rod 15. The upper part of the anchor seat 1 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 2 through a guide structure. The left side of the anchor seat 1 is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw 3, which is threadedly connected to the connecting plate 2. The upper end of the adjusting screw 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 4. At least two fixed sleeves 5 are arranged laterally at intervals on the upper part of the connecting plate 2. Each fixed sleeve 5 has a sliding upper part. The support column 6 is dynamically connected. The sliding contact surfaces of the fixed sleeve 5 and the support column 6 are provided with friction damping structures to provide additional damping force. The top of the support column 6 is fixed with a pressure plate 7. The pressure plate 7 is made of high-strength low-alloy steel, which is low in cost and high in strength and suitable for single use. The fixed sleeve 5 and the support column 6 are provided with a multi-stage buffer structure. The left side of the anchor seat 1 is plugged into a partition plate 13. The plugging position of the partition plate 13 and the anchor seat 1 is limited and locked by the limiting rod 15. The upper part of the partition plate 13 is provided with an injection port 16.
[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the multi-stage buffer structure includes a slider 10, a wedge block 11, a disc spring assembly 12, and an elastic element 9. A through-hole groove is provided in the middle of the lower half of the support column 6. The inner walls of the lower left and right sides of the groove are symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces. A slider 10 is slidably connected to the lower left and right sides of the fixed sleeve 5. A wedge block 11 is fixedly connected to the inner side of each slider 10. The two wedge blocks 11 are symmetrically arranged and embedded in the groove of the support column 6. A disc spring assembly 12 is connected between the two wedge blocks 11 on the side that is close to each other. The inclined surface of the wedge block 11 is complementary to the inclined surface of the corresponding side of the groove. An elastic element 9 is connected between the bottom of the support column 6 and the inner bottom surface of the fixed sleeve 5.
[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, the roof buffer support device for the filling mining area also includes anchor bolts 14. The partition plate 13 has multiple installation holes at both the upper and lower ends. It can be anchored to the bottom plate 17 and the top plate 8 of the roadway respectively through the anchor bolts 14 to enhance its overall stability. The partition plate 13 is used to separate different batches of filling materials during the filling process. After the filling body hardens, the partition plate 13 is located at the edge of the filling body. The partition plate 13 can be removed and reused as a whole by removing the anchor bolts 14 and the limiting rod 15. The remaining support structure is retained in the filling body as a disposable component.
[0027] When using this support device, the construction personnel first place the anchor seat 1 on the bottom plate 17 of the filling mining area or the ground surface and fix it. Then, they rotate the rotating rod 4 to drive the adjusting screw 3 to rotate. Since the adjusting screw 3 is threadedly engaged with the connecting plate 2, the connecting plate 2 rises in the vertical direction along the anchor seat 1, pushing the pressure plate 7 until it is tightly attached to the top plate 8 of the mining area, thus completing the initial height adjustment and pre-tightening.
[0028] When the top plate 8 of the mining area sinks due to the release of surrounding rock stress or the infill material not being fully hardened, the pressure plate 7 is pressed down and moves down, causing the support column 6 to descend synchronously. The lower half of the support column 6 has a hollow groove in the middle, and the inclined surfaces arranged symmetrically on both sides of it press against the two wedge blocks 11 embedded therein, forcing the wedge blocks 11 to overcome the elastic force of the disc spring group 12 and slide horizontally inward along the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 5. This process converts the vertical displacement into the horizontal displacement. The compression deformation of the disc spring group 12 absorbs the initial surrounding rock deformation energy, achieving the first-level buffer, while maintaining a high initial support stiffness.
[0029] If the top plate 8 continues to sink and the deformation exceeds the first-stage buffer stroke, the support column 6 will further compress the elastic element 9 between its bottom and the inner bottom surface of the fixed sleeve 5, triggering the second-stage buffer. At the same time, the friction damping structure set on the sliding contact surface between the fixed sleeve 5 and the support column 6 provides additional damping force, effectively suppressing high-frequency micro-vibrations, making the entire pressure relief process smooth and controllable. The two-stage buffer mechanism works together to avoid premature pressure relief leading to pre-tightening failure, and can effectively release the surrounding rock stress during the large deformation stage, preventing structural instability.
[0030] This device employs a zoned filling operation. The zone partition 13 is temporarily fixed between the roadway floor 17 and roof 8 by anchor bolts 14. An injection port 16 is provided on its upper part to guide the filling slurry to be injected into the designated area, effectively isolating different batches of filling materials and preventing cross-flow. The segmented filling method ensures that each section of slurry can fully settle, bleed water, and solidify evenly within the closed area, avoiding segregation, voids, or uneven strength caused by long-distance flow. Especially in high-concentration or paste filling conditions, the zoned control significantly improves the overall quality of the filling body.
[0031] Once the current section of filling reaches its design strength, the partition plate 13 located at the edge of the section can be recycled and reused by removing the anchor bolts 14 and the limiting rods 15. Meanwhile, the main support components such as the anchor seat 1, connecting plate 2, and support column 6 are retained in the filling as disposable structures and do not need to be recycled. This design ensures the support function while taking into account the convenience and economy of construction, and significantly reduces the overall cost.
[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area, characterized in that: The structure includes an anchor seat (1), a connecting plate (2), an adjusting screw (3), a rotating rod (4), a fixing sleeve (5), a support column (6), a pressure plate (7), a multi-stage buffer structure, a partition plate (13), and a limiting rod (15). The upper part of the anchor seat (1) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (2), and the left side of the anchor seat (1) is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw (3). The adjusting screw (3) is threadedly connected to the connecting plate (2), and the upper end of the adjusting screw (3) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (4). The upper part of the connecting plate (2) is horizontally connected to the connecting plate (2). At least two fixed sleeves (5) are arranged at intervals. Each fixed sleeve (5) has a support column (6) slidably connected to its upper part. Each support column (6) has a pressure plate (7) fixedly connected to its top. The fixed sleeve (5) and the support column (6) are provided with a multi-level buffer structure. The anchor seat (1) is plugged into a partition plate (13) on its left side. The insertion position of the partition plate (13) and the anchor seat (1) is locked by a limiting rod (15). The partition plate (13) has an injection port (16) on its upper part.
2. The buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level buffer structure includes a slider (10), a wedge (11), a disc spring assembly (12), and an elastic element (9). The lower half of the support column (6) has a through-hole groove in the middle. The inner walls of the lower left and right sides of the groove are symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces. The lower left and right sides of the fixed sleeve (5) are each slidably connected to a slider (10). Each slider (10) is fixedly connected to a wedge (11) on its inner side. The two wedges (11) are symmetrically arranged and embedded in the groove of the support column (6). The disc spring assembly (12) is connected between the sides that are close to each other. The inclined surface of the wedge (11) is complementary to the inclined surface of the corresponding side of the groove. An elastic element (9) is connected between the bottom of the support column (6) and the inner bottom surface of the fixed sleeve (5).
3. A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes anchor bolts (14), and the partition plate (13) has multiple mounting holes at both the upper and lower ends, which can be anchored to the bottom plate (17) and top plate (8) of the roadway respectively by anchor bolts (14) to enhance its overall stability.
4. A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (13) is used to separate different batches of filler during the filling process. After the filler body hardens, the partition plate (13) is located at the edge of the filler body. The partition plate (13) can be removed and reused as a whole by removing the anchor bolt (14) and the limiting rod (15). The remaining support structure is retained in the filler body as a disposable component.
5. A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding contact surfaces of the fixed sleeve (5) and the support column (6) are both provided with friction damping structures to provide additional damping force.
6. A buffer support device for filling the roof of a mining area as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure plate (7) is made of high-strength low-alloy steel.