Medical waste liquid mixed burning furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of medical waste waste liquid mixed burning furnace, it is characterized in that, it includes sludge pretreatment unit, sewage supply and atomization unit, mixed burning unit, heat recovery unit, control device, sludge is ground, after slurry homogenization, with atomization sewage in two combustion chamber cyclone synergic combustion, using secondary combustion-supporting wind guarantee high-temperature combustion;Flue gas waste heat is recycled for preheating sludge / sewage by heat exchanger, and finally flue gas is discharged by purification standard.The utility model realizes combustion sufficient, energy saving and consumption reduction by sludge fine pretreatment, sludge-sewage synergic cyclone combustion, waste heat recovery and intelligent control, solve the existing medical waste sludge sewage combustion efficiency low, the problem of big pollution, significantly improve the harmless and resource level of medical waste treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical waste treatment technology, and more specifically to a medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Medical waste liquids contain toxic and harmful chemical components (such as heavy metals, organic matter, and pathogenic microorganisms), and must be disposed of through "harmlessness + resource utilization" to eliminate environmental and health risks. Existing treatment technologies have the following drawbacks: 1. Uneven combustion: Waste liquid is in liquid form. If the atomization effect is poor (droplet size > 200μm), it is easy to mix unevenly with solid fuels (such as medical solid waste and biomass pellets), resulting in incomplete combustion in some areas, with a burnout rate of < 90%, and residual organic matter is prone to generating dioxins; 2. Severe pollution emissions: Traditional incinerators lack the design of "staged combustion + precise air distribution", and the temperature of the main combustion zone is difficult to maintain stably at the "dioxin decomposition critical condition (above 850℃ and residence time ≥ 2 seconds)", with dioxin emissions often reaching 1-10ng TEQ / m³, far exceeding environmental protection standards; at the same time, acidic gases (HCl, SO2) are not efficiently removed; 3. Waste heat: The heat of high-temperature flue gas (800-1000℃) is not recovered, and the energy utilization rate is less than 50%, increasing operating costs. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216591719U discloses a medical waste incinerator that, while capable of processing solid medical waste, lacks structural optimization for the atomization and co-combustion characteristics of liquid waste drugs. This leads to problems such as "droplet aggregation and partial flameout" when the waste drug is co-fired with solid fuel, and also results in poor pollution control and waste heat recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient co-combustion device that can achieve efficient sludge pretreatment, complete co-combustion of sludge and wastewater, and environmental protection and energy conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace that can achieve complete combustion, good environmental protection, and high energy utilization rate in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0004] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objectives using the following technical solution: a medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace, characterized in that it includes a sludge pretreatment unit, a wastewater supply and atomization unit, a co-firing unit, a heat energy recovery unit, and a control device.

[0005] The sludge pretreatment unit is used to refine and homogenize medical waste sludge into easily combustible sludge slurry; it includes a wet ball mill, a mixing tank, a sludge storage tank, a sludge conveying pump, and sludge pipeline valves. The discharge port of the wet ball mill is connected to the mixing tank, the discharge port of the mixing tank is connected to the sludge storage tank, and the discharge port of the sludge storage tank is connected to the sludge inlet of the co-firing unit via the sludge conveying pump and sludge pipeline valves. The sludge inlet is equipped with a sludge atomizer.

[0006] The wastewater supply and atomization unit is used to atomize medical wastewater and send it into the co-firing unit for co-combustion with sludge; it includes a wastewater storage tank, a wastewater transfer pump, and a medical wastewater atomizer. The outlet of the wastewater storage tank is connected to the inlet of the medical wastewater atomizer via the wastewater transfer pump, and the outlet of the medical wastewater atomizer is connected to the wastewater inlet of the co-firing unit.

[0007] The co-firing unit provides a place for sludge slurry and atomized wastewater to be co-mixed and combusted, ensuring complete combustion; it includes a secondary combustion chamber, the lower part of which is equipped with a secondary combustion air nozzle to supplement combustion air, ensure a high-temperature combustion environment, and promote the complete combustion of unburned components;

[0008] The heat recovery unit is used to recover heat energy from the high-temperature flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber to achieve energy saving. It includes a heat exchanger, the secondary combustion chamber is equipped with a flue gas outlet, the heat exchanger is equipped with a flue gas channel connected to the flue gas outlet, the flue gas channel outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a flue gas purification device, the medium channel of the heat exchanger and the sewage supply and atomization unit form a heat exchange loop, so that the sludge or sewage absorbs the heat of the flue gas before entering the co-firing unit, increases its own temperature, and reduces combustion energy consumption.

[0009] The control device is used to automatically monitor and adjust the operating parameters of each unit of the device, including temperature sensors and pressure sensors installed in the secondary combustion chamber, concentration sensors installed in the slurry storage tank, and a PLC controller electrically connected to each sensor, wet ball mill, sludge transfer pump, sludge pipeline valves, sludge atomizer, sewage transfer pump, medical waste sewage atomizer, and secondary combustion air nozzle. The PLC controller automatically adjusts the ball mill speed, sludge / sewage transfer flow rate, atomizer power, and combustion air volume according to the temperature / pressure and sludge concentration parameters in the secondary combustion chamber to achieve intelligent and stable operation.

[0010] As a further explanation of the above scheme, the temperature sensor has a measurement range of 0~1200℃, the pressure sensor has a measurement range of -5~5kPa, and the slurry tank concentration sensor has a measurement range of 0~50% solid content.

[0011] Furthermore, the medical wastewater atomizer uses high-pressure atomization or ultrasonic atomization, and the average particle size of the atomized wastewater droplets is ≤50μm.

[0012] Furthermore, the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber is maintained at 850~1100℃.

[0013] Furthermore, the slurry storage tank is equipped with a stirring device, which includes a stirring motor and a stirring rod to continuously stir the sludge to prevent sedimentation and stratification, and to ensure homogeneity.

[0014] Furthermore, spiral swirl guide plates are installed around the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber to guide sludge droplets and sewage droplets to form a swirling flow, thereby enhancing mixing.

[0015] Furthermore, the pitch ratio of the spiral swirl guide plate to the diameter of the secondary combustion chamber is 1:3-1:5.

[0016] The beneficial effects that this utility model can achieve by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution are:

[0017] 1. This utility model refines sludge into small particles and homogeneous sludge slurry through wet ball milling + slurry preparation + homogeneous stirring, which greatly improves the combustion reactivity of sludge and lays the foundation for "complete combustion". Sludge and sewage achieve synergistic combustion through "swirl mixing + secondary combustion assistance". It utilizes the complementary characteristics of high solids content of sludge and large contact area after sewage atomization to significantly improve combustion efficiency and reduce the generation of unburned materials and pollutants (such as dioxins and carbon black).

[0018] 2. The high-temperature flue gas waste heat of this utility model is used to preheat sludge or sewage, reducing the system's demand for external energy, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction, and improving economic feasibility.

[0019] 3. The PLC controller of this utility model adjusts the operating parameters of each unit in real time according to multiple parameters (temperature, pressure, concentration) to ensure that the device operates stably under optimal conditions, thereby reducing the cost of manual intervention and operational errors.

[0020] 4. This utility model forms a complete, efficient, and environmentally friendly treatment chain from "sludge pretreatment → co-combustion → heat recovery → flue gas purification", which greatly improves the harmlessness, reduction, and resource utilization of medical waste sludge and sewage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl guide plate installation structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Sludge pretreatment unit 1-1, Wet ball mill 1-2, Preparation tank 1-3, Slurry storage tank 1-31, Stirring device 1-4, Sludge conveying pump 1-5, Sludge pipeline valve 1-6, Sludge atomizer 2. Wastewater supply and atomization unit 2-1, Wastewater storage tank 2-2, Wastewater conveying pump 2-3, Medical wastewater atomizer 3. Co-firing unit 3-1, Secondary combustion chamber 3-2, Swirl guide plate 3-3, Secondary combustion air nozzle 4. Heat recovery unit 4-1, Flue gas passage 4-2, Medium passage 5. Control device 5-1, Temperature sensor 5-2, Pressure sensor 5-3, Concentration sensor 5-4, PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. Thus, the use of "first" and "second" to define a feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in this description of the utility model, "at least" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can also refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "below," and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Above," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, making the technical solution and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer and more explicit. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this utility model is a medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace, including a sludge pretreatment unit 1, a wastewater supply and atomization unit 2, a co-firing unit 3, a heat energy recovery unit 4, and a control device 5. The sludge pretreatment unit 1 is used to refine and homogenize medical waste sludge into easily combustible sludge slurry, including a wet ball mill 1-1, a preparation tank 1-2, a sludge storage tank 1-3, a sludge conveying pump 1-4, and a sludge pipeline valve 1-5; the discharge port of the wet ball mill 1-1 is connected to the preparation tank 1-2, the discharge port of the preparation tank 1-2 is connected to the sludge storage tank 1-3, and the discharge port of the sludge storage tank 1-3 is connected to the sludge inlet of the co-firing unit 3 via the sludge conveying pump 1-4 and the sludge pipeline valve 1-5, and a sludge atomizer 1-6 is installed at the sludge inlet. Medical waste sludge first enters a wet ball mill, where it is ground and mixed with water by steel balls to refine the sludge particles to a particle size of ≤1mm. The refined sludge flows into a mixing tank 1-2, where the sludge concentration is adjusted to 35% by adding water or thickening (at this concentration, the sludge slurry's fluidity and combustibility are balanced). Subsequently, the sludge enters a storage tank 1-3, which is equipped with a stirring device 1-31. The stirring device 1-31 uses a paddle agitator and continuously stirs the sludge at a speed of 50~100rpm to prevent sludge settling. When feeding is required, the sludge is transported to the sludge inlet of the co-firing unit 3 via a sludge conveying pump 1-4, a sludge pipeline valve 1-5, and a sludge atomizer 1-6.

[0031] Wastewater supply and atomization unit 2 is used to atomize medical wastewater and send it into the co-combustion unit for co-combustion with sludge slurry; it includes a wastewater storage tank 2-1, a wastewater transfer pump 2-2, and a medical wastewater atomizer 2-3. The medical wastewater is stored in the wastewater storage tank 2-1 and is transported to the medical wastewater atomizer 2-3 by the wastewater transfer pump 2-2. The atomizer uses high-pressure atomization technology (atomization pressure 0.5~1.0MPa) to atomize the wastewater into droplets with an average particle size ≤50μm, and then sends them into the wastewater inlet of the secondary combustion chamber to mix with sludge slurry in the secondary combustion chamber.

[0032] The co-combustion unit 3 provides a site for the synergistic mixing and combustion of sludge and atomized wastewater, ensuring complete combustion. It includes a secondary combustion chamber 3-1, the inner wall of which is equipped with a spiral swirl guide plate 3-2 (the ratio of the spiral pitch to the diameter of the secondary combustion chamber is 1:3 to 1:5) to guide the sludge and atomized wastewater to form a swirling flow. The lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 3-1 is equipped with a secondary combustion-supporting air nozzle 3-3. After the sludge and atomized wastewater are fully mixed, combustion occurs in the synergistic atomization combustion zone in the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 3-1 under the action of the combustion-supporting air (wind speed 10 to 15 m / s) supplemented by the secondary combustion-supporting air nozzle 3-3. The combustion temperature is maintained at 850 to 1100℃ to ensure the complete decomposition of dioxins and the complete combustion of organic matter.

[0033] The heat recovery unit 4 is used to recover the heat energy in the high-temperature flue gas of the secondary combustion chamber to achieve energy saving. It includes a heat exchanger. The high-temperature flue gas (temperature 600~800℃) discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 3-1 enters the flue gas channel 4-1 of the heat exchanger. The medium channel 4-2 of the heat exchanger forms a heat exchange loop with the sludge pipeline of the sludge pretreatment unit or the sewage supply and atomization unit sewage pipeline. This allows the sludge slurry or sewage to absorb the heat of the flue gas before entering the co-firing unit, raising its own temperature from room temperature to 40~60℃, reducing the energy consumption for heating during combustion. After heat exchange, the flue gas temperature drops to 200~300℃ before entering the flue gas purification device.

[0034] The control device 5 is used to automatically monitor and adjust the operating parameters of each unit of the device. This includes a temperature sensor 5-1 and a pressure sensor 5-2 installed in the secondary combustion chamber, a concentration sensor 5-3 installed in the slurry storage tank, and a PLC controller 5-4 electrically connected to each sensor, the wet ball mill, the sludge transfer pump, the sludge pipeline valves, the sludge atomizer, the sewage transfer pump, the medical waste sewage atomizer, and the secondary combustion air nozzle. The PLC controller 5-4 automatically adjusts the ball mill speed, sludge / sewage transport flow rate, atomizer power, and combustion air volume based on the temperature / pressure and sludge concentration parameters in the secondary combustion chamber, achieving intelligent and stable operation. Specifically, the control device receives measurements from the temperature sensor in the secondary combustion chamber (0~1200℃), the pressure sensor (-5~5kPa), and the slurry storage tank concentration sensor (0~50% solids content).

[0035] The co-firing process includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Sludge pretreatment; medical waste sludge is fed into a wet ball mill for wet grinding to refine the particles; the ground sludge enters a mixing tank and the concentration is adjusted to a preset range (e.g., solid content 30%~40%, optimized according to combustion characteristics); then the sludge enters a slurry storage tank, and the stirring device continuously stirs to keep the sludge slurry homogeneous, and the concentration sensor monitors in real time and feeds back to the PLC controller.

[0037] Step 2: Supply and atomization of wastewater and sludge slurry; medical wastewater is pumped from the wastewater storage tank by the wastewater transfer pump and sent to the medical wastewater atomizer. After being atomized into tiny droplets, it is transported to the wastewater inlet of the secondary combustion chamber; the homogeneous sludge slurry in the storage tank is transported to the sludge atomizer after the flow rate is regulated by the sludge transfer pump and sludge pipeline valves. After being atomized into sludge droplets, it is transported to the sludge inlet of the secondary combustion chamber.

[0038] Step 3: Co-current swirl combustion; the atomized sludge slurry and atomized wastewater meet in the secondary combustion chamber and form a swirl under the guidance of the spiral swirl guide plate, so that the sludge droplets and wastewater droplets are fully mixed; at the same time, the secondary combustion air nozzles supplement combustion air. Under high temperature conditions (such as above 850℃, which meets the dioxin decomposition temperature), the sludge and wastewater co-combust. The sludge provides the main fuel components, and the wastewater participates in the combustion reaction through the evaporation and pyrolysis of the atomized droplets, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0039] Step 4: Heat recovery; The high-temperature flue gas generated in the secondary combustion chamber enters the flue gas passage of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the sludge (or sewage) in the medium passage of the heat exchanger: the flue gas releases heat to cool down, and the sludge (or sewage) absorbs heat to heat up, thus realizing the recovery and utilization of heat energy and reducing the energy consumption of subsequent combustion.

[0040] Step 5: Flue gas purification and emission; The flue gas cooled by heat exchange enters the flue gas purification device (such as a combination of spray tower + activated carbon adsorption + bag filter) to remove acidic gases, particulate matter, dioxins and other harmful components, and is then discharged into the atmosphere in compliance with standards.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, this invention solves the problems of "poor sludge combustibility, insufficient synergy between sewage and sludge, waste of thermal energy, and low degree of automation" in the prior art through innovations such as refined sludge pretreatment, sludge-sewage synergistic combustion, flue gas waste heat recovery, and intelligent control of the whole process.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A co-firing furnace for medical waste and waste medicine, characterized in that, It includes a sludge pretreatment unit, a wastewater supply and atomization unit, a co-firing unit, a heat recovery unit, and a control device. The sludge pretreatment unit includes a wet ball mill, a mixing tank, a sludge storage tank, a sludge conveying pump, and sludge pipeline valves. The discharge port of the wet ball mill is connected to the mixing tank, the discharge port of the mixing tank is connected to the sludge storage tank, and the discharge port of the sludge storage tank is connected to the sludge inlet of the co-firing unit via the sludge conveying pump and sludge pipeline valves. The sludge inlet is equipped with a sludge atomizer. The wastewater supply and atomization unit includes a wastewater storage tank, a wastewater transfer pump, and a medical wastewater atomizer. The outlet of the wastewater storage tank is connected to the inlet of the medical wastewater atomizer via the wastewater transfer pump, and the outlet of the medical wastewater atomizer is connected to the wastewater inlet of the co-firing unit. The co-firing unit includes a secondary combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion air nozzle is provided at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber; The heat recovery unit includes a heat exchanger, a secondary combustion chamber with a flue gas outlet, a flue gas passage connected to the flue gas outlet, a flue gas purification device connected to the outlet of the flue gas passage of the heat exchanger, and a heat exchange loop formed by the medium passage of the heat exchanger and the sewage supply and sewage pipeline of the atomization unit. The control device includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor installed in the secondary combustion chamber, a concentration sensor installed in the slurry storage tank, and a PLC controller. The PLC controller is electrically connected to each sensor, the wet ball mill, the sludge transfer pump, the sludge pipeline valves, the sludge atomizer, the sewage transfer pump, the medical waste sewage atomizer, and the secondary combustion air nozzle.

2. The medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor has a measurement range of 0~1200℃, the pressure sensor has a measurement range of -5~5kPa, and the slurry tank concentration sensor has a measurement range of 0~50% solid content.

3. The medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medical wastewater atomizer uses high-pressure atomization or ultrasonic atomization, and the average particle size of the wastewater droplets after atomization is ≤50μm.

4. The medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber is maintained at 850~1100℃.

5. The medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slurry storage tank is equipped with a stirring device, which includes a stirring motor and a stirring rod.

6. The medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Spiral swirl guide plates are installed around the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber to guide sludge droplets and sewage droplets to form a swirling flow, thereby enhancing mixing.

7. A medical waste and waste drug liquid co-firing furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pitch ratio of the spiral swirl guide plate to the diameter of the secondary combustion chamber is 1:3-1:5.

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