An orbit vibration damping and damage monitoring integrated device based on acoustic black hole
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522598191.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing acoustic black hole-based vibration absorbers only have the single function of vibration suppression and cannot monitor track damage. Furthermore, tracks are prone to fatigue damage under long-term repeated loads from train wheels.
Design an integrated device that combines an acoustic black hole structure with a viscoelastic damping layer and an acoustic emission sensor to achieve the dual functions of vibration suppression and damage monitoring. The device dissipates vibration energy through the synergistic effect of the acoustic black hole and the damping layer, and monitors damage in real time using the acoustic emission sensor.
It achieves the dual functions of track vibration suppression and damage monitoring, significantly reducing vibration levels and improving the safety and durability of track engineering.
Smart Images
Figure CN224933948U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track engineering technology, and in particular to an integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes. Background Technology
[0002] Studies have shown that when the vehicle speed is below 300 km / h, wheel-rail noise is the main component of the noise in the rail transit system; when the speed is above 300 km / h, the proportion of wheel-rail noise is still greater than 50%. From the perspective of the source contribution of wheel-rail noise, the track is the most important radiation source. Therefore, vibration reduction and noise reduction of the rails is an important part of the vibration reduction and noise reduction measures for rail transit.
[0003] Acoustic black hole technology has received widespread attention in the field of vibration control in recent years. Its principle is to reduce the thickness of the structure from the uniform part towards the edge in a power function form, so that the wave propagation speed in the structure gradually decreases and the wave energy is concentrated at the tip of the structure. Then, the energy is dissipated by damping materials to prevent reflection, thereby achieving broadband vibration control. However, existing acoustic black hole-based vibration absorbers only have the single function of vibration suppression. Because existing tracks are subjected to repeated loads from train wheels for a long time, fatigue damage will occur inside, and cracks will inevitably appear. Acoustic black hole-based vibration absorbers cannot monitor the damage to the track.
[0004] This invention provides an integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on an acoustic black hole, which achieves both vibration suppression and damage monitoring functions, in response to the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes, which can solve the problem that existing vibration absorbers based on acoustic black holes only have a single function of vibration suppression.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes, comprising a track, wherein an acoustic black hole structure is provided on the lower side of the track, the acoustic black hole structure comprising a main body, two vertically parallel acoustic black hole transition sections are fixedly connected to the opposite two sides of the main body, an acoustic black hole platform is fixedly installed at the end of the upper acoustic black hole transition section away from the main body, an acoustic emission sensor is bonded to the upper surface of the acoustic black hole platform, and a small acoustic black hole transition section is integrally formed at the end of the lower acoustic black hole transition section away from the main body, and a damping layer is covered on the outer surfaces of the small acoustic black hole transition section and the lower acoustic black hole transition section.
[0007] Preferably, the outer surface of the acoustic black hole structure is provided with a buckle, and a convex groove is provided on the buckle. A partition is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the convex groove, and the partition divides the convex groove into upper and lower installation areas.
[0008] Preferably, the partition is fastened to the bottom of the track through the upper mounting area, the main body is rectangular in shape, and its outer surface matches the lower mounting area of the buckle. The buckle is sleeved on the outside of the middle position of the main body through the lower mounting area.
[0009] Preferably, the upper horizontal plate of the buckle is fixed to the bottom of the track by bolts, and the tuning frequency is tuned by changing the contact position between the buckle and the track.
[0010] Preferably, the acoustic black hole transition segment is wedge-shaped and gradually decreases according to a power-law profile, while the acoustic black hole platform is circular with a right-angled triangle cross-section.
[0011] Preferably, the damping layer is a viscoelastic damping layer, which is attached to the outer surface of the lower acoustic black hole gradient section by adhesive.
[0012] Preferably, the acoustic black hole transition sections on opposite sides of the main body are symmetrically arranged.
[0013] Preferably, the acoustic black hole gradient section has a length of 68mm and an end radius of 1mm, the acoustic black hole platform has a diameter of 25mm and an end thickness of 1mm, and the buckle thickness and main body height are both 20mm.
[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This integrated track vibration reduction and damage monitoring device based on acoustic black holes integrates acoustic emission sensors in the upper region to receive acoustic emission signals in real time, and installs a viscoelastic damping layer in the lower region. Thus, it simultaneously achieves the dual functions of vibration suppression and damage monitoring within the structure. On the one hand, the device uses acoustic emission sensors to collect and analyze track vibration signals to achieve structural health monitoring and damage identification; on the other hand, through the synergistic effect of the acoustic black hole effect and the damping layer, it efficiently dissipates the vibration energy of the track structure, significantly reducing the vibration level. Ultimately, it forms a composite solution integrating vibration reduction and monitoring, providing an effective way to improve the safety and durability of track engineering. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring device based on acoustic black holes of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the buckle of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the acoustic black hole structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a front view plan view of the integrated vibration reduction and damage monitoring device of this utility model.
[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Track; 2. Acoustic black hole structure; 21. Main body; 22. Acoustic black hole transition section; 23. Acoustic black hole platform; 24. Acoustic emission sensor; 25. Damping layer; 26. Small acoustic black hole transition section; 3. Buckle; 31. Convex groove; 32. Partition; 4. Bolt. Detailed Implementation
[0017] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0019] In the description of this utility model, terms such as greater than, less than, and exceeding are understood to exclude the stated number, while terms such as above, below, and within are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the quantity or sequence of the indicated technical features.
[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: an integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes, including a track 1, an acoustic black hole structure 2 disposed on the lower side of the track 1, a retaining ring 3 disposed on the outer surface of the acoustic black hole structure 2, and a convex groove 31 formed on the retaining ring 3 (see attached diagram). Figure 2A partition 32 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the convex groove 31. The partition 32 divides the convex groove 31 into upper and lower installation areas. The partition 32 is fastened to the bottom of the track 1 through the upper installation area. The acoustic black hole structure 2 is located in the lower installation area of the buckle 3. The upper horizontal plate of the buckle 3 is provided with bolts 4. The upper horizontal plate of the buckle 3 is fixed to the track 1 by bolts 4, thereby fastening the acoustic black hole structure 2 between the track 1 and the buckle 3. During use, the tuning frequency can be tuned by changing the contact position between the buckle 3 and the track 1.
[0022] During the laying of track 1, the upper installation area of the buckle 3 is fastened to the bottom of track 1, the acoustic black hole structure 2 is inserted into the lower installation area of the buckle 3, and the bolt 4 is screwed into the top of the buckle 3 to fix the buckle 3 to the bottom of track 1, thereby completing the installation of the integrated monitoring device at the bottom of track 1.
[0023] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the acoustic black hole structure 2 includes a main body 21, which is rectangular in shape, and its outer surface matches the lower mounting area of the retaining ring 3. The retaining ring 3 is located outside the middle of the main body 21. Two acoustic black hole transition sections 22, arranged vertically and parallel to each other, are fixedly connected to the opposite two sides of the main body 21. The acoustic black hole transition sections 22 on the opposite two sides of the main body 21 are symmetrically arranged, and the shape of the acoustic black hole transition sections 22 is wedge-shaped (see attached diagram). Figure 3 Furthermore, the acoustic black hole transition segment 22 gradually decreases according to the power law profile, thereby causing the vibrational energy to accumulate at the tip of the acoustic black hole transition segment 22, which is circular.
[0024] Furthermore, a circular acoustic black hole platform 23 is fixedly installed at the end of the upper acoustic black hole transition section 22 away from the main body 21. The cross-section of the acoustic black hole platform 23 is a right-angled triangle (see attached diagram). Figure 4 Acoustic emission sensor 24 is attached to the upper surface of acoustic black hole platform 23, so that acoustic emission sensor 24 can be placed on acoustic black hole platform 23 to achieve the effect of receiving signal.
[0025] Furthermore, at the end of the lower acoustic black hole transition segment 22 furthest from the main body 21, a cone-shaped small acoustic black hole transition segment 26 is integrally formed (see attached image). Figure 4 The outer surfaces of the small acoustic black hole transition section 26 and the lower acoustic black hole transition section 22 are covered with a damping layer 25. The damping layer 25 is a viscoelastic damping layer, which is attached to the outer surface of the small acoustic black hole transition section 26 with glue. Therefore, the energy transmitted from the orbit 1 can be dissipated through the damping layer 25. Since the acoustic emission sensor 24 is located above the damping layer 25, it can be used to receive signals.
[0026] This integrated track vibration reduction and damage monitoring device integrates an acoustic emission sensor 24 in the upper region to receive acoustic emission signals in real time, and attaches a viscoelastic damping layer to the acoustic black hole transition section 22 in the lower region. This allows it to simultaneously achieve the dual functions of vibration suppression and damage monitoring within the structure. On the one hand, the device uses the acoustic emission sensor 24 to collect and analyze the vibration signals of track 1, realizing structural health monitoring and damage identification. On the other hand, through the synergistic effect of the acoustic black hole and the damping layer 25, it efficiently dissipates the vibration energy of track 1 structure, significantly reducing the vibration level. Ultimately, it forms a composite solution that integrates vibration reduction and monitoring, providing an effective way to improve the safety and durability of track engineering.
[0027] In this embodiment, since the integrated track vibration reduction and damage monitoring device has a symmetrical structure, taking half of the structure as an example, the length of the main body 21 is preferably 80cm, the length of the acoustic black hole transition section 22 is preferably 68mm, the end radius is preferably 1mm, the diameter of the acoustic black hole platform 23 is preferably 25mm, the end thickness is preferably 1mm, and the thickness of the buckle 3 and the height of the main body 21 are both preferably 20mm.
[0028] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An integrated device for track vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes, comprising a track (1), characterized in that: An acoustic black hole structure (2) is provided on the lower side of the track (1). The acoustic black hole structure (2) includes a main body (21). Two vertically parallel acoustic black hole transition sections (22) are fixedly connected to the opposite two sides of the main body (21). An acoustic black hole platform (23) is fixedly installed at the end of the upper acoustic black hole transition section (22) away from the main body (21). An acoustic emission sensor (24) is bonded to the upper surface of the acoustic black hole platform (23). A cone-shaped small acoustic black hole transition section (26) is integrally formed at the end of the lower acoustic black hole transition section (22) away from the main body (21). A damping layer (25) is covered on the outer surface of the small acoustic black hole transition section (26) and the lower acoustic black hole transition section (22).
2. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the acoustic black hole structure (2) is provided with a buckle (3), and a convex groove (31) is provided on the buckle (3). A partition (32) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the convex groove (31), and the partition (32) divides the convex groove (31) into upper and lower installation areas.
3. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition (32) is fastened to the bottom of the track (1) through the upper installation area. The main body (21) is rectangular in shape, and its outer surface matches the lower installation area of the buckle (3). The buckle (3) is sleeved on the outside of the middle position of the main body (21) through the lower installation area.
4. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper horizontal plate of the buckle (3) is fixed to the bottom of the track (1) by bolts (4), and the tuning frequency is tuned by changing the contact position between the buckle (3) and the track (1).
5. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic black hole transition segment (22) is wedge-shaped and gradually decreases according to the power law profile. The acoustic black hole platform (23) is circular and has a right-angled triangle cross section.
6. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping layer (25) is a viscoelastic damping layer, which is attached to the outer surface of the lower acoustic black hole gradient section (22) by adhesive.
7. The integrated device for orbital vibration reduction and damage monitoring based on acoustic black holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic black hole transition segments (22) on opposite sides of the main body (21) are symmetrically arranged.