System and procedure for operating a wind farm at high wind speeds

Abstract

Method for controlling the rated power (110) of a wind turbine (14), wherein the method (110) includes: Measuring (112) a plurality of operating parameters (96) of the wind turbine (14), Evaluate (114) the majority of operating parameters (96) with regard to the respective nominal dimensions for the operating parameters (100) and Temporary increase of the rated output power (116) of the wind turbine (14) depending on the assessment taking into account the times the wind turbine has already been allowed to operate above the rated power point, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes temporary operation of the wind turbine (14) with a higher torque or speed than the design rated torque or speed.

Description

background

[0001] The invention relates generally to the field of wind energy generation and in particular to techniques for controlling the rated power of wind turbines.

[0002] Wind turbines are considered an environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive alternative energy source that harnesses wind energy to generate electricity. A wind turbine essentially consists of a rotor with multiple blades that convert wind energy into the rotational motion of a drive shaft. This rotational motion, in turn, drives the rotor of an electric generator to produce electricity. Modern wind energy generation systems typically take the form of a wind farm, which contains several such wind turbines that can be operated to feed energy into a transmission system, which then supplies power to a utility grid.

[0003] Wind is a discontinuous source, and the overall energy output of a wind farm is significantly affected by changes in wind conditions. Wind conditions can change drastically within a relatively short period. Generally, the power output of a wind turbine increases with wind speed until the wind speed reaches the turbine's rated wind speed. If the wind speed continues to increase, the turbine operates at rated power up to a shutdown or tripping level. This is generally the wind speed at which the dynamic loads on the wind turbine cause the turbine's mechanical components to reach a fatigue limit, thus shortening the turbine's lifespan.As a protective measure, wind turbines are often forced to shut down or reduce loads at wind speeds exceeding a certain threshold by adjusting the blade pitch or braking the rotor. This results in reduced energy output from the turbine and, consequently, the wind farm. However, this limits the maximum energy yield to the rated power point and increases the actual cost of energy from the wind farm. Therefore, a wind turbine inherently faces a trade-off between the power output at which it operates and its lifespan, which is protected by fatigue limits and other factors, i.e., the maximum rated power output.

[0004] Furthermore, mechanical and thermal loads are the main factors determining the sizing of a wind turbine. The maximum power output of a wind turbine is determined during the development phase and, under certain conservative assumptions, is used to select appropriate dimensions for other key components, such as electrical generators, transformers, power conversion devices, bearings, shafts, gearboxes, etc. Conservative sizing practices and constant nominal dimensions of these components do not allow the operator to utilize the excess energy of the wind once the full rated output has been reached, even if the wind may contain additional energy. Therefore, current practices have limitations in achieving high energy yields under high-speed wind conditions.

[0005] It is therefore desirable to develop a technology for the efficient and cost-effective utilization of higher wind energy under high wind speed conditions, while ensuring the comparative service life of wind turbines. It is also desirable to improve the design of wind turbines to harness higher wind energies than are possible with current designs. Brief description

[0006] In short, according to one aspect of the technology, a method for controlling the rated power of a wind turbine is created. The method involves measuring a number of operating parameters of the wind turbine, assessing these parameters in relation to their respective rated dimensions, and temporarily increasing the rated power output of the wind turbine based on this assessment. The present technology enables the creation of systems and computer programs that provide this functionality.

[0007] The publication DE 31 50 824 A1 describes a blade pitch control arrangement for wind turbine generators with a horizontal axis and relates in particular to wind turbine generators that have several blades with airfoil profiles that can be adjusted in pitch, which are attached to a rotor that drives a synchronous generator via a gearbox.

[0008] The publication DE 33 42 583 A1 describes a method for operating a wind turbine with a wind-driven rotor to drive an electrical energy generating generator, in which the power consumption of the rotor of the wind turbine is controlled by adjusting the rotor blades.

[0009] The publication DE 100 11 393 A1 describes a control system for a wind turbine, including sensor means for recording measured values ​​with which the current load and / or stress of the turbine can be quantified directly or indirectly depending on the local and meteorological conditions.

[0010] The publication DE 699 19 910 T2 describes a method for controlling the operation of a wind turbine and a wind turbine for use in the method.

[0011] Document US 4 193 005 A describes a control system for a horizontal-axis variable-pitch wind energy conversion system that uses wind energy to generate electrical energy, and in particular a closed-loop control system that automatically modulates the pitch angle of the wind turbine blades to ensure safe operation and optimize energy recovery from the wind.

[0012] Document WO 2005 / 025026 describes a method for operating at least one wind turbine with a rotor, an electrical generator coupled to the rotor for supplying electrical power to an energy distribution network with the aid of a control device.

[0013] According to another aspect of the approach, a control system is created to regulate the rated power of a wind turbine. This control system includes multiple sensors for measuring various operating parameters of the wind turbine and a processor for assessing and evaluating these parameters in relation to their respective rated values. The control system also includes a mechanism for temporarily increasing the rated power output of the wind turbine based on this assessment.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present procedure, a wind turbine is constructed. The wind turbine includes a control system designed to temporarily increase its rated output power based on an assessment of its operating status.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present approach, a wind farm is being created. The wind farm comprises multiple wind turbines and a wind farm control system. The multiple wind turbines can be operated to feed electrical energy into a power grid. The wind farm control system is designed to temporarily increase the rated output of one or more of the multiple wind turbines, depending on an assessment of the operating conditions of the respective turbines. Drawings

[0016] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood if the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals throughout the drawings represent the same elements: Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind energy generation system according to aspects of the present approach, Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the functional components of a wind turbine according to aspects of the present approach. Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the control mechanism of a wind turbine according to aspects of the present procedure, Fig. Figure 4 shows a graphical representation of a torque-speed diagram of a wind turbine at different wind speeds, and Fig. Figure 5 shows a flowchart illustrating an exemplary procedure for operating a wind farm according to aspects of the present approach. Detailed description

[0017] The present approach establishes a system and a method for controlling the rated power of a wind turbine. In this approach, power is defined as apparent power and therefore includes an active and a reactive power component. The approach can be extended to a similar rated power of a wind farm containing multiple wind turbines at high wind speeds via a central or monitoring wind farm control system. In certain embodiments, the wind farm control system can be operated to regulate the rated power of the wind farm by temporarily increasing the rated output power of the wind turbines in such a way that the comparative lifetime of the wind turbines is not affected. Embodiments of the present approach are described below in general terms with reference to the Fig. 1-5 described in detail.

[0018] Fig. Figure 1 shows an exemplary wind energy generation system 10 according to aspects of the present procedure. The wind energy generation system 10 comprises a wind farm 12 containing a plurality of wind turbines 14, 16, 18 that can be operated to supply electrical energy to a power supply system 20. The power supply system 20 can additionally obtain energy from other power generation units 22 to compensate for fluctuations in the energy output of the wind farm 12 due to changing wind conditions. The other power generation units 22 can include, for example, thermal, hydroelectric, or nuclear power plants.

[0019] The wind turbines 14, 16, 18 contain turbine rotors 24, 26, 28, which have a plurality of blades driving the rotors of electric generators 30, 32, 34 to generate electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the generators 30, 32, 34 can be stepped up by plant transformers 36, 38, 40 before being fed into a medium-voltage distribution network 42. In the illustrated embodiment, a feeder 44 is used to couple the energy output of the wind turbines 14, 16, 18 for feed-in to the medium-voltage distribution network 42. In a typical application, the medium-voltage distribution network 42 combines the energy from several feeders (not shown), with each feeder aggregating the energy outputs of a plurality of wind turbines.In certain embodiments, the energy from the wind turbines 14, 16, 18 is fed to the feed-in device 44 via switching devices 46, 48, 50, which may, for example, include an electrical circuit breaker. Such switching devices are generally used in wind energy generation systems to shut down the energy generation of one or more of the wind turbines under strong wind conditions with high turbulence intensity. A substation transformer 52 is generally used to transform the voltage of the energy from the medium-voltage distribution network 42 up or down to the transmission voltage required by the supply system 20.

[0020] According to the present procedure, the wind farm 12 includes a wind farm control system 54, which comprises a central monitoring station 56 and a central control unit 58. In the illustrated embodiment, the wind farm control system 54 can be operated to monitor and control the total power output of the wind farm 12. The wind farm control system 54 further includes power sensors, such as voltage and current sensors 60, which are configured to measure the total power output of the wind farm 12 and are connected either to the output of the station transformer 52 (as shown in Figure 1) or to the output of the station transformer 58. Fig. 1 shown) or can be connected to a point in the medium voltage distribution network 42.

[0021] The wind farm control system 54 is configured to communicate with the individual wind turbines via communication links 62, which may be implemented in hardware or software. In certain embodiments, the communication links 62 may be configured to remotely transmit data signals to and from the wind farm control system 54 according to any wired or wireless communication protocol known to a person skilled in the art. As will be discussed later, such data signals may include signals characteristic of the operating states of the individual wind turbines, which are transmitted to the wind farm control system 54, and various command signals, which are transmitted from the wind farm control system 54 to the individual wind turbines.The wind farm control system 54 can continue to be connected to the medium-voltage distribution network 42 and can be operated to control various switching devices in the network 42, such as capacitors and inductors (not shown), in order to control the power output of the wind farm 12 within the specifications set by the operators of the transmission system.

[0022] As previously discussed, the wind turbines 14, 16, and 18 are generally designed for energy generation at wind speeds below a predetermined threshold, also referred to as the wind speed protection limit and the cut-off wind speed. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the rated output power of the wind turbine can be temporarily increased, depending on the assessments or evaluations of the operating conditions, so that the comparative service life of the wind turbines is not affected. In conjunction with variations and periods in which the turbine operates below its maximum rated power, the turbine can, for example, be operated above its rated power point for short periods while still meeting the expected service life of the turbines. This decision can be easily made by considering the machine's load cycle.

[0023] Additionally, each wind turbine has an autonomous control protection function that forces the turbine to trigger or shut down power generation if the wind speeds at the turbine exceed the protection limit and would impair the turbine's comparative lifetime, such as under strong wind conditions with high turbulence intensity. In one embodiment, such as in the case of a wind turbine with blades adjustable at a variable angle of attack, a shutdown procedure can involve setting the blades to a stall position (i.e., at 90° to the wind direction) or to a feather position (i.e., at 0° to the wind direction), resulting in minimal wind energy absorption by the blades. In another embodiment, a shutdown procedure can involve mechanically braking the turbine rotor.In yet another embodiment, switching off can be achieved via the switching devices, as described in . Fig. 1 is shown.

[0024] The present procedure establishes a control mechanism by which the rated output of the wind turbines can be temporarily increased to boost the overall power output of wind farm 12. According to aspects of this procedure, the individual wind turbines are configured to anticipate their increased rated output and transmit a signal to the wind farm control system 54. This signal typically contains a request from the wind turbine to operate at a higher power output than its rated output, in order to utilize the increased wind energy.The wind farm control system 54 is designed to monitor the operating states of individual wind turbines, assess the request automatically or via an operator interface, and approve or reject the request based on a level assessment of the wind farm's operating conditions, performed automatically by the wind farm control system 54 or by the operators. The selection of individual wind turbines permitted to operate at a higher rated power can also be based on a wind farm level assessment of the wind turbines' operating conditions, taking into account other conditions such as the power output of other energy generation units 22, the lifetime of each wind turbine, and the number of times the wind turbines have already been permitted to operate above their rated power point, etc.

[0025] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, a wide variety of sensors can be installed on individual wind turbines to record and continuously monitor operating parameters, such as electrical, mechanical, thermal, or meteorological parameters, which reflect the operating state of the respective wind turbine. For example, one or more sensors can be used to record wind speed, mean wind speed, wind speed variance, and / or wind turbulence intensity. Alternatively, a sensor such as an anemometer 64 can be installed to record wind speed data. The wind speed variance, and consequently the wind turbulence intensity, which is a ratio between the mean wind speed and the wind speed variance, can then be indirectly derived from the mean wind speed and the rotor speed.

[0026] Similarly, a temperature sensor 66 and / or a pressure sensor 68 can be installed on the wind turbine 14 to detect the ambient temperature and / or atmospheric pressure. As a person skilled in the art will recognize, a projected wind speed can also be derived from the parameters detected above. Furthermore, one or more sensors 70 can be installed on the turbine blades 72 to detect the blade pitch angle and the mechanical stress on the turbine blade 72. The mechanical stresses to which the turbine shaft 74, the gearbox 76, or mechanical components of the generator 78 are subjected can also be detected by sensors 80 installed on the turbine shaft 74, the gearbox 76, and / or the generator 78.

[0027] Additionally, sensors 82 can be installed to measure the torque or rotational speed of the generator 78 or the rotor. Furthermore, thermal sensors 84 can be installed on the turbine shaft 74, the gearbox 76, and / or the generator 78 to monitor the thermal stress to which the wind turbine 14 is subjected. Monitoring the thermal stress can include continuous monitoring of the operating temperatures of the key power-limiting components in the wind turbine, such as the electric generator, the power converters, and the transformer. In certain embodiments, the monitoring can be extended to include mechanical aspects, such as the gearbox oil temperature, which can also provide additional information about the mechanical stress on the gearbox 76.Furthermore, one or more electrical sensors 86 can be installed in the generator 78 to measure the current, voltage and / or output power of the wind turbine 14 in order to calculate the electrical stress.

[0028] The recorded operating parameters can then be transmitted to a controller or processor 88, where an assessment of the operating status of the wind turbine 14 is made based on these parameters. The controller 88 can then decide whether or not to temporarily increase the rated output of the wind turbine 14, depending on this assessment, as described in more detail below. The request to increase the rated output can then be transmitted to the wind farm control system 54 via a network interface 90 and the communication link 62, such as an optical fiber or Ethernet connection. Alternatively, the recorded operating parameters and / or the assessment of the operating status of the wind turbine 14 can be communicated directly to the wind farm control system 54 via the communication link 62.The wind farm control system 54 can then decide whether or not to temporarily increase the rated output power of the wind turbine 14, depending on the operating state of the wind turbine. As previously described, the wind farm control system 54 can make this decision, depending on various other factors, either automatically or manually, and transmit it back to the controller 88. If the decision is confirmed, the controller 88 can then increase the rated output power of the wind turbine 14 to utilize the excess wind energy for a transitional period in such a way that the reference lifetime of the wind turbine 14 is not affected. It should be noted that the duration of the transitional period may be predetermined in certain embodiments, depending on the assessment of the operating conditions.

[0029] The assessment of the operating conditions of the wind turbine for the temporary increase of the rated output of the wind turbine is described by a schematic control mechanism 92, as described in Fig. Figure 3 illustrates this. The electrical, mechanical, thermal, and / or meteorological sensors 94 attached to the wind turbines, as described above, measure various operating parameters 96 that reflect the operating state of the wind turbine. These parameters 96 can include, for example, mechanical loads, wind speed, mean wind speed, wind speed variance, wind turbulence intensity, projected wind speed, temperature loads, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure, air density, the power output of the wind turbine, the torque or rotational speed of the generator or rotor, and / or the blade pitch angle. The operating parameters 96 can then be stored in a memory 98. It should be noted that any type of memory 98 can be used by the control system.Memory 98 can also store the nominal dimensions 100 for the recorded operating parameters. The operating parameters 96 are then compared by the controller 88 with their respective nominal dimensions to assess and evaluate the operating conditions of the wind turbine. The controller 88 can then decide whether or not to increase the rated output power of the wind turbine under the real-time operating conditions. In other words, the rated power of the wind turbine is determined on a real-time basis. As experts recognize, in many systems, a set of such parameters is used for comparison, while individual parameters can be compared with their design limits or ranges. The procedure may also require the generation of a composite parameter based on the measured and design values, allowing several factors to be considered simultaneously.The specific composition and its calculation will typically depend on the design of the plant and the operator's wishes to comply with the design limits.

[0030] For example, a constant flat rating for wind turbines does not account for the additional capacity that may be present in the turbine's electrical components. Such capacity can arise from uncertainties related to ambient cooling and the turbine's operating history. For instance, at a given power output, cold weather results in lower turbine temperatures than hot weather due to improved cooling availability. Furthermore, a system that has been idle for a considerable period and has therefore cooled down will have a significantly higher short-term power output than a turbine that is already nearing its maximum operating temperature.The controller 88 can determine a real-time available rated power based on thermal information from continuous temperature monitoring and temporarily increase the rated output power accordingly. The controller can then request permission from the wind farm control system 54 to allow the wind turbine to increase its output to the level of its actual available capacity under the prevailing wind conditions. The rated output power of the wind turbine is dynamically modified by the turbine and generator control 102. As experts have recognized, the rated output power of the wind turbine can be increased by operating it at a higher torque or speed than its rated torque or speed.Alternatively, in some embodiments, the rated output power of the wind turbine can be increased at any given moment and rotational speed by operating the turbine at higher output currents than those specified in its design. It should be noted that this allows for an increase in power output even at low or no wind speeds, which is the case with pure reactive power generation when only the inverter is operating.

[0031] As any expert would recognize, materials subjected to cyclic or alternating stress will similarly fail at a significantly lower load than their maximum load. Consequently, under high-speed, low-turbulence winds (high mean wind speed and low wind variance), the turbine will build up fatigue at a slower rate because it is the wind variance, not the mean wind speed, that primarily contributes to fatigue. Therefore, a decision can be made to upgrade the turbine to increase energy output without sacrificing its comparative service life. The increase in the rated output of the wind turbine under high-speed conditions is further illustrated by the torque-speed diagram 104 for a wind turbine, which is presented in Fig. 4 is shown.

[0032] As shown, solid line 106 illustrates the various states a wind turbine goes through when the wind speed increases from the cut-in speed (≈4 m / s) to very high wind speeds (18 m / s). At point A, when the wind reaches the cut-in speed, the turbine starts. As the wind speed increases, the turbine is oriented to extract maximum energy from the oncoming wind, which is why the pitch angle is fixed at a small angle of attack, or fine pitch (almost aligned with the wind direction). For a given small angle of attack and a wind speed of, for example, 6 m / s, the turbine states that can be achieved by changing the torque lie on the dotted line labeled 6 m / s. On this line, the wind turbine operates at the point where the power output (i.e., the product of torque and rotational speed) is at its maximum.The operating conditions of all such points at different wind speeds form the solid line AFHC. This operating mode can be described as "below-rated operation." If the wind speed continues to increase, there is a risk that the turbine will reach its maximum load or fatigue limit. Therefore, the energy output is limited by adjusting the pitch of the blades. Point E is referred to as the rated power point, and the torque and rotational speed at this point are called the rated torque (T). E , typically around 10090 Nm in a current design) and generator rated speed (N E, typically around 1440 revolutions per minute in the current design). When the wind speed exceeds the rated speed (14 m / s in the diagram above for the example system), the angle of attack is adjusted so that the turbine operating condition (dotted lines for 16 m / s and 18 m / s) passes through point E. This can be referred to as "over-rated operation." In short, under-rated operation keeps the angle of attack constant (fine pitch) and varies the torque, while over-rated operation keeps the torque constant and varies the angle of attack, and the turbine remains at point E in the torque-speed diagram.

[0033] In general, the rated power point E is a fixed value that limits the maximum power output of the wind turbine under strong wind conditions. However, as described above, the rated power point E is dynamically changed or raised for short periods in the torque-speed diagram according to the present procedure, depending on the mean wind speed (V) and the wind variance (S). The position of the rated power point E depends on considerations of maximum and fatigue loads. With regard to purely mechanical considerations (centrifugal stresses), the turbine speed can be kept within a maximum speed limit (generally about 1600 revolutions per minute for an exemplary current design), and with regard to electrical limits of the turbine, the turbine can be kept, for example, within a maximum torque limit (generally about 11030 Nm for the same current design).If the rated torque and the rated rotational speed are below the maximum rotational speed and maximum torque limits, the wind turbine can be upgraded within a narrow window (1440-1600 revolutions per minute and 10090-11030 Nm) without exceeding the maximum loads.

[0034] It should be noted that fatigue loads accumulate over time. The risk of eventual maintenance problems and even failure increases when systems exceed the fatigue limits of their design. Fatigue can be calculated in real time based on past wind conditions using signal processing derived from power and damage rate transfer functions. Because the comparative lifetime of a system is calculated assuming the worst-case turbulence, there is always the possibility of extending the turbine's lifespan if the wind variance is smaller than the assumed worst-case turbulence, thus maintaining a longer than predicted lifetime.

[0035] As an expert will recognize, the specific operating conditions and the decision as to whether or not to upgrade the wind turbine's power output based on these conditions can be stored in the memory for future reference. An optimal torque-speed profile for the rated power point can therefore be derived based on past operating data and the decisions stored in the memory. Alternatively, the optimal torque-speed profile can be obtained during the wind turbine design phase using any wind turbine simulation software that optimizes the turbine's power output under the constraint of service life by changing the rated power point as a function of operating parameters (typically input wind characteristics such as mean wind speed and wind variance).A wind turbine can then be upgraded for the current operating conditions by dynamically changing the rated power point depending on the obtained optimal torque-speed plan.

[0036] An exemplary control logic for regulating the rated power of the wind turbine based on the operating conditions of the wind turbine is presented in Fig.Figure 5 illustrates this. As shown, in the exemplary logic, generally designated by reference numeral 110, a large number of operating parameters of the wind turbine can be acquired and monitored by one or more sensors in step 112. The majority of these operating parameters are then assessed or evaluated by a controller in step 114 with regard to their respective nominal dimensions. It should be noted that this assessment can be performed by a local controller or a wind farm control system. The rated output power of the wind turbine can then be temporarily increased in step 116, depending on the assessment, under strong wind conditions.

[0037] The methods for temporarily increasing the rated power of the wind turbine, as described in the various embodiments discussed above, provide increased energy output using the existing wind turbine without reducing its comparative lifetime. Alternatively, a wind turbine with a lower rated power than the one currently in use can be employed to achieve the same energy output. Real-time knowledge of the mechanical, thermal, and / or electrical operating conditions allows for the assessment of unused capacity within the turbine's design and can therefore enable the generation of additional wind energy without exceeding critical mechanical, electrical, and / or thermal stress limits. Flexible, condition-dependent, real-time rated power setting makes it possible to generate this additional energy without incurring additional costs.It should be recognized that in certain embodiments, both the rated output and the service life of the wind turbine can increase beyond the current energy output and the reference service life because the system is exposed to minimal wind variance.

[0038] As any expert will recognize, this approach allows for an increase in the maximum power output of a wind turbine without requiring any changes to the turbine's physical components or hardware. It can therefore be retrofitted as an upgrade to the control system of existing wind turbines. In short, this approach leads to a higher annual energy yield, lower energy costs, and increased efficiency of the existing turbine and equipment with minimal modifications to the physical structure.

[0039] A technique 110 for operating a wind farm 12 at an increased rated output is developed. The technique 110 comprises the measurement 112 of a plurality of operating parameters 96 of the wind turbine 14, the assessment 114 of the plurality of operating parameters 96 with regard to the respective rated dimensions of the operating parameters 100, and a temporary increase in the rated output 116 of the wind turbine 14 depending on the assessment. Reference symbol list: 10 Wind energy generation system 12 Wind farms 14 Wind turbines 16 wind turbines 18 wind turbines 20 Energy supply system 22 other energy generation units 24 turbine rotor 26 Turbine rotor 28 Turbine rotor 30 electric generator 32 electric generator 34 electric generator 36 Plant transformer 38 Plant transformer 40 Plant transformer 42 Medium-voltage distribution network 44 Feed-in device 46 Switching device 48 Switching device 50 switching device 52 Station transformer 54 Wind farm control system 56 central monitoring stations 58 central control 60 power sensors 62 Communication link 64 anemometers 66 Temperature sensor 68 Pressure sensor 70 sensors on the turbine blade 72 turbine blades 74 Turbine shaft 76 gearboxes 78 electric generator 80 mechanical sensor 82 Speed ​​sensor 84 thermal sensor 86 electrical sensor 88 Control 90 Network interface 92 Control mechanism for performance upgrade 94 sensors 96 operating parameters 98 memory 100 nominal dimensions for the recorded operating parameters 102 Turbine and generator control 104 Torque-Speed ​​Diagram 106 Solid line in the torque-speed diagram 110 Procedure for regulating the rated power of a wind turbine 112 Monitoring or recording of operating parameters 114 Assessment of the operating parameters with regard to the respective nominal dimensions for the operating parameters 116 Temporary increase in the nominal tax rate depending on the assessment

Claims

[1] Method for controlling the rated power (110) of a wind turbine (14), wherein the method (110) includes: Measuring (112) a plurality of operating parameters (96) of the wind turbine (14), Evaluate (114) the majority of operating parameters (96) with regard to the respective nominal dimensions for the operating parameters (100) and Temporary increase of the rated output power (116) of the wind turbine (14) depending on the assessment taking into account the times the wind turbine has already been allowed to operate above the rated power point, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes temporary operation of the wind turbine (14) with a higher torque or speed than the design rated torque or speed. [2] Method (110) according to claim 1, wherein the majority of the operating parameters (96) include electrical operating parameters, mechanical operating parameters, thermal operating parameters, meteorological operating parameters or any combination thereof. [3] Method (110) according to claim 1, wherein the temporary increase of the output power (116) includes temporarily operating the wind turbine (14) at higher output currents than the design rated current. [4] Method (110) according to claim 1, wherein the temporary increase of the output rated power (116) includes a dynamic change of a rated power point, wherein the rated power point includes a rated torque or a rated speed of a system or both. [5] Method (110) according to claim 1, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes a temporary increase of the rated output power during high-speed winds with low turbulence. [6] Method (110) according to claim 1, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes a temporary increase of the rated output power at an operating temperature that is lower than the specified temperature of the electrical or mechanical components of the wind turbine (14). [7] Method (110) according to claim 1, further comprising obtaining an optimal torque-speed plan for the rated power point depending on the evaluation. [8] Method (110) according to claim 7, wherein the temporary increase of the output rated power (116) includes a dynamic change of the rated power point depending on the optimal torque-speed plan. [9] Method (110) according to claim 1, further comprising the determination of a nominal power obtainable in real time as a function of thermal information available through continuous temperature monitoring. [10] Method (110) according to claim 9, wherein the temporary increase of the charge capacity (116) includes a temporary increase of the charge capacity depending on the capacity available in real time. [11] Control system (92) for regulating the rated power of a wind turbine (14), wherein the control system (92) includes: a plurality of sensors (94) for measuring a plurality of operating parameters (96) of the wind turbine (14), a processor (88) for evaluating the majority of operating parameters (96) with regard to the respective nominal dimensions for the operating parameters (100) and a control (88) for temporarily increasing the rated output power of the wind turbine depending on the assessment taking into account the times the wind turbine has already been allowed to operate above the rated power point, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes temporarily operating the wind turbine (14) with a higher torque or speed than the design rated torque or speed. [12] Wind turbine (14) which contains: a control system (92) which is set up to temporarily increase the rated output power of the wind turbine (14) depending on an assessment of the operating conditions of the wind turbine (14) taking into account the times the wind turbine has already been allowed to operate above the rated power point, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes temporarily operating the wind turbine (14) with a higher torque or speed than the design rated torque or speed. [13] Wind turbine (14) according to claim 12, wherein the operating conditions of the wind turbine (14) include electrical operating conditions, mechanical operating conditions, thermal operating conditions, meteorological operating conditions or any combination thereof. [14] Wind farm (12) which contains: a plurality of wind turbines (14,16,18) that can be operated for the joint feed-in of electrical energy into an energy supply system (20), and a wind farm control system (54) that temporarily increases the rated output of one or more of the plurality of wind turbines (14, 16, 18) depending on an assessment of the operating conditions of the respective wind turbine (14, 16, 18) taking into account the factors, which has already been permitted to operate above the rated power point of one or more wind turbines, wherein the temporary increase of the rated output power (116) includes the temporary operation of the wind turbine (14) with a higher torque or speed than the rated design torque or speed.

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