Battery

Abstract

Battery (1;81;121) with a housing (4;84;124) in which battery cells (5;85,88;125,128) are arranged, which are temperature-controlled by means of liquid temperature control (10;90;140) and gas temperature control (15;95;145), wherein the gas temperature control (15;95;145) comprises at least one closed circuit (16;96;146,147) in the housing (4;84;124), wherein the circuit (16;96;146,147) for gas temperature control (15;95;145) extends between the housing (4;84;124) and the battery cells (5;85,88;125,128), wherein the housing (4;84;124) is designed as a closed system, with a closed circuit between the battery cells (5;85,88;125,128) and the housing (4;84;124) an intermediate space is formed through which gas flows for gas temperature control, wherein the circuit (16;96;146,147) for gas temperature control (15;95;145) extends between the housing (4;84;124) and further components (6,7;86,87;126,127,129,130) of the battery (1;81;121), which includes power electronics of the battery (1;81;121) comprising, wherein at least one fan (18;98;148) is arranged in the circuit (16;96;146,147) for gas temperature control (15;95;145), which serves to circulate or circulate a gaseous medium, such as air, in the circuit (16;96;146,147) for gas temperature control (15;95;145), wherein at least one temperature control device (20;100;105;109;150) is arranged in the circuit (16;96;146,147) for gas temperature control (15;95;145), which is traversed by both gas and liquid, wherein the temperature control device (20;100;105;109;150) has liquid channels (36;46;56;66;76) and gas channels (25; 35; 45; 55; 65; 75) includes.;

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a battery with a housing in which battery cells are arranged, which are temperature-controlled / cooled by means of liquid temperature control / liquid cooling and gas temperature control / gas cooling. The invention further relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery.

[0002] Numerous measures are known that relate to the temperature control / cooling of battery cells. German patent application DE 10 2008 057 305 A1 discloses a device for cooling a heat source of a motor vehicle with a heat sink that can be subjected to a first fluid flow for heat dissipation, wherein the heat sink can be selectively subjected to at least a second fluid flow for heat dissipation. German patent application DE 10 2009 008 222 A1 discloses a battery with a battery housing in which at least one heat exchanger unit is arranged. German patent application DE 10 2008 059 955 A1 discloses a cooling plate with an integrated cooling channel for a battery.German patent application DE 10 2008 059 954 A1 discloses a battery with a cooling device comprising a heat exchanger with a cooling plate and at least one meandering cooling tube through which the coolant flows. American patent application US 2010 / 0136406 A1 discloses a battery housing with an air inlet, an air outlet, and additional water cooling. German patent application DE 10 2008 034 864 A1 discloses a battery with a thermal interface plate for temperature control.

[0003] The object of the invention is to further improve the temperature control / cooling of battery cells, in particular traction batteries for hybrid vehicles or electric vehicles.

[0004] The problem with a battery housing containing battery cells that are temperature-controlled / cooled by liquid and gas temperature control / cooling is solved by ensuring that the gas temperature control / cooling system comprises at least one closed circuit within the housing. Air is preferably used for gas temperature control / cooling. The gas temperature control / cooling system preferably serves to create a more homogeneous temperature distribution within the battery housing. This improves the cooling / temperature control of the battery cells and / or other components within the battery housing. This, in turn, increases the battery's service life. The battery is preferably a traction battery. A traction battery, also known as a drive battery, is installed as an energy source in vehicles that are, at least partially, electrically powered.

[0005] A preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the gas temperature control / cooling circuit extends between the housing and the battery cells. The housing is preferably closed. Inside the battery, a space or cavity is formed between the battery cells and the housing, through which gas, in particular air, flows for gas temperature control / cooling.

[0006] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the gas temperature control / gas cooling circuit extends between the housing and other battery components. These other components can, for example, include the battery's power electronics.

[0007] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that at least one fan is arranged in the gas temperature control / cooling circuit, which serves to circulate or circulate a gaseous medium, such as air, within the gas temperature control / cooling circuit. The fan can be controlled as needed, preferably depending on the temperature inside the battery. The energy for operating the fan is preferably supplied by the battery itself.

[0008] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that at least one cooling and / or temperature control device is arranged in the gas temperature control / gas cooling circuit, through which both gas and liquid flow. The gas is preferably used to improve the temperature control / cooling effect of the liquid, in particular to homogenize it.

[0009] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device comprises liquid channels and gas channels. The liquid channels and the gas channels can have a rectangular, round, or oval cross-section. To improve heat transfer, the walls of the channels can have increased roughness. For the same purpose, the walls of the channels can be equipped with turbulators.

[0010] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device comprises at least one plate with gas channels and / or liquid channels. The liquid channels and the gas channels extend through the plate. Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device comprises at least one plate with liquid channels and at least one plate with gas channels. The gas channels can be open at one end. The gas channels open at one end can then be closed by a housing wall of the battery housing. It is particularly advantageous to arrange a plate with gas channels between two plates with liquid channels.

[0011] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the battery cells are arranged on, at, and / or below the cooling and / or temperature control device. The battery cells preferably have contact with at least one plate with liquid channels.

[0012] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the battery cells are arranged between two cooling and / or temperature control devices. The cooling and / or temperature control devices preferably have a flat contact surface with the battery cells in such a way as to ensure good heat transfer.

[0013] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged horizontally. In the horizontal arrangement, the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged essentially parallel to the ground or to the bottom of the battery housing.

[0014] Another preferred embodiment of the battery is characterized in that the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged vertically. In the vertical arrangement, the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged at a right angle to the ground or to the bottom of the battery housing.

[0015] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle with a battery as described above. The motor vehicle is preferably a hybrid vehicle comprising an electric motor, or an electric vehicle with a battery designed as a traction battery, as described above.

[0016] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which various exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows:

[0017] Fig. 1 a highly simplified representation of a battery according to the invention in longitudinal section through a fan;

[0018] Fig. 2. Turn off the battery Fig. 1 in cross-section through the fan; the

[0019] Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 different embodiments of a cooling and / or temperature control device for the battery from the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; the

[0020] Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 similar representations as in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 according to a further embodiment with vertically arranged battery cells and

[0021] Fig. 10 a similar representation as in Fig. 2 according to a further embodiment.

[0022] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Fig. 8 and Fig. 9; Fig. 10 is a battery 1 ; 81 ; 121 with a case 4 ; 84 ; 124 Highly simplified, shown in two different sections. Inside the housing 4 ; 84 ; 124 are battery cells 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 and other battery components 6 , 7 ; 86 , 87 ; 126 , 127 , 129 , 130indicated. The battery cells 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 They can be equipped with additional cooling plates. The other battery components 6 , 7 ; 86 , 87 ; 126 , 127 , 129 , 130 These include, for example, power electronics for monitoring and / or controlling the battery cells. 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 .

[0023] According to a key aspect of the invention, improved temperature control of the battery is achieved through 1 ; 81 ; 121 liquid temperature control / liquid cooling 10 ; 90 ; 140 and gas temperature control / gas cooling 15 ; 95 ; 145 in the battery compartment 4 ; 84 ; 124 combined. Gas temperature control / gas cooling 15 ; 95 ; 145includes at least one closed circuit 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 in the case 4 ; 84 ; 124 .

[0024] For gas temperature control / gas cooling 15 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 is between the battery cells 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 or the battery components 6 , 7 ; 86 , 87 ; 126 , 127 , 129 , 130 and the case 4 ; 84 ; 124 inside the battery 1 ; 81 ; 121 A cavity is formed and filled with a gas, in particular air. The gas, in particular the air, is circulated by a fan. 18 ; 98 ; 148 The gas is set into flow as needed to move it within the housing. 4 ; 84 ; 124 to revolutionize.

[0025] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. In the embodiment shown in 2, the battery cells are located below the battery cells. 5 a cooling and / or temperature control device 20 arranged in a system through which both gas and liquid flow. The cooling and / or temperature control device 20 includes a plate 21 with at least one gas channel or air channel that forms a section of the closed circuit 16 This is for gas temperature control / gas cooling.

[0026] The cooling and / or temperature control unit 20 includes another plate 22 , which are between the plate 21 and the battery cells 5 is arranged. The plate 22 is equipped with liquid channels through which a liquid temperature control agent, in particular a liquid coolant or refrigerant, flows to cool the battery cells 5to cool or temper. The liquid is supplied via liquid connections. 24 supplied or removed from the outside.

[0027] In Fig. 2 shows that the plate 21 a multitude of gas channels 25 exhibits features that, as indicated by arrows 26 As indicated, it is permeated by a flow of gas, especially air. The flow is controlled by the fan. 18 The gas channels can be located in the center or on the side of the plate. 21 be arranged.

[0028] The cooling and / or temperature control unit 20 It can also include additional plates, for example those located above the battery cells. 5 They can be arranged. Additional fans can also be installed in the battery housing to improve airflow. 4 be installed.

[0029] In the Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 are different examples of cooling and / or temperature control devices 20 The cooling and / or temperature control devices can comprise one plate, two plates, or more plates, which can be arranged in different ways.

[0030] The liquid temperature control / liquid cooling of the plates is preferably used to ensure contact with the battery cells. 5 or the other battery components 6 , 7 to enable effective temperature control / cooling. In Fig. 3 is a plate 30 depicted, which includes both gas channels 35 as well as fluid channels 36 The gas channels have a rectangular cross-section and are arranged along a central axis of the plate. 30 arranged. The fluid channels 36 are below and above the gas channels 35The arrangement consists of individual liquid channels positioned between two gas channels. The battery cells to be temperature-controlled can be located on either the top or bottom of the plate. 30 be ordered.

[0031] In Fig. 4 is a plate 40 depicted, the gas channels 45 and fluid channels 46 includes the gas channels 45 are open on one side. The open side, that is, the side that is in Fig. 4 bottom side of the plate 40 It can be advantageously mounted inside a housing wall to protect the gas channels. 45 to close.

[0032] In Fig. Figure 5 shows a cooling and / or temperature control device comprising two plates 51 and 52 includes. In the record 51 are gas channels 55 provided with a rectangular cross-section. In the plate 52 are fluid channels 56 provided. The liquid channels56 have, as in the previous embodiment, the liquid channels 46 , a round cross-section.

[0033] In Fig. 6 is a cooling and / or temperature control device with two plates 61 , 62 depicted. The plate 62 As in the previous embodiment, the plate 52 , with fluid channels 66 equipped with a round cross-section. The plate 61 is connected to gas channels 65 equipped, which, as with the one in Fig. 4. The gas channels are shown in the illustrated embodiment. 45 , are open on one side downwards.

[0034] In Fig. Figure 7 shows a cooling and / or temperature control device comprising three plates 71 , 72 , 73 includes the record 72 is gas channels 75 equipped with rectangular cross-sections. The panels 71 and73 are equipped with fluid channels 76 , 77 equipped with a round cross-section. The plate 71 with the gas channels 75 is sandwiched between the two plates 71 , 72 with the fluid channels 76 , 77 arranged.

[0035] During the Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shown battery 81 are the battery cells 85 , 88 Arranged vertically. Between the battery cells 85 , 88 is a cooling and / or temperature control device 100 also arranged vertically. The cooling and / or temperature control unit 100 includes a plate 101 , sandwiched between two other plates 102 , 103 is arranged. The plate 101 is permeated by gas, especially air. The two plates 102 , 103In contrast, they are permeated by liquid. The battery cells 85 , 88 lie flat against the slabs 102 , 103 to.

[0036] The cooling and / or temperature control unit 100 It can, for example, be designed in the same or a similar way to the one in Fig. 7. The cooling and / or temperature control device 100 However, it can also be designed as in the example in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment, in which, for example, the three plates 100 until 103 to be combined into a single record.

[0037] The battery cells 85 are between the cooling and / or temperature control unit 100 and an additional cooling and / or temperature control device 105 arranged. The cooling and / or temperature control device 105 is, as is the cooling and / or temperature control equipment 100, arranged vertically, but only comprises two plates 106 , 107 .

[0038] The record 106 is permeated by gas, especially air. The plate 107 is permeated by liquid. The two plates 106 , 107 can be executed in the same or a similar way as those in the Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 illustrated embodiments. The plate through which liquid flows. 107 is between the plate 106 and the battery cells 85 arranged.

[0039] The battery cells 88 are between the cooling and / or temperature control unit 100 and an additional cooling and / or temperature control device 109 arranged. The cooling and / or temperature control device 109 is designed in the same way as the cooling and / or temperature control unit 105, wherein an unspecified liquid-flowing plate is attached to the battery cells 88 is pending.

[0040] In Fig. 9 are divided by rectangles 114 ; 115 Gas channels, especially air channels, in the plates 101 , 106 Indicated by arrows 118 is the one in the case 84 Recirculated air is indicated.

[0041] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in 10, the battery cells are 125 , 128 horizontal, that is, parallel to one side of the case 124 the battery 121 arranged. Between the battery cells 125 and 128 is a cooling and / or temperature control device 150 also arranged horizontally or horizontally.

[0042] The cooling and / or temperature control unit 150 comprises two plates through which liquid flows 151 , 152A plate through which gas, especially air, flows. 153 is sandwiched between the plates 151 and 152 arranged.

[0043] The battery cells 125 their undersides lie flat against the top of the plate 151 on. The battery cells 128 their upper sides lie flat against the underside of the plate 152 on. The records 151 , 152 are connected via a liquid connection 154 supplied with fluids.

[0044] Above the battery cells 125 are the additional battery components 126 and 127 arranged below the battery cells 128 are the additional battery components 129 , 130 The circulated air is indicated by the arrows. 146 and 147 hinted at. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0045] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0046] DE 102008057305 A1

[0002] DE 102009008222 A1

[0002] DE 102008059955 A1

[0002] DE 102008059954 A1

[0002] US 2010 / 0136406 A1

[0002] DE 102008034864 A1

[0002]

Claims

[1] Battery with a casing ( 4 ; 84 ; 124 ), in which battery cells ( 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 ) are arranged, which are controlled by liquid temperature control / liquid cooling ( 10 ; 90 ; 140 ) and gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) be tempered / cooled, characterized by , that the gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) at least one closed circuit ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) in the housing ( 4 ; 84 ; 124 ) includes. [2] Battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) for gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) between the housing ( 4 ; 84 ; 124) and the battery cells ( 5 ; 85 , 88 ; 125 , 128 ) extends. [3] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circuit ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) for gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) between the housing ( 4 ; 84 ; 124 ) and other components ( 6 , 7 ; 86 , 87 ; 126 , 127 , 129 , 130 ) the battery ( 1 ) extends. [4] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the circuit ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) for gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) at least one fan ( 18 ; 98 ; 148) is arranged, which serves to circulate a gaseous medium, such as air ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) for gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) to circulate or set into flow. [5] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the circuit ( 16 ; 96 ; 146 , 147 ) for gas temperature control / gas cooling ( 15 ; 95 ; 145 ) at least one cooling and / or temperature control device ( 20 ; 100 ; 105 ; 109 ; 150 ) is arranged, through which both gas and liquid flow. [6] Battery according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device ( 20 ; 100 ; 105 ; 109 ; 150 ) Liquid channels and gas channels ( 25 ; 35 ; 45 ;55 ; 65 ; 75 ) includes. [7] Battery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device ( 20 ; 100 ; 105 ; 109 ; 150 ) at least one plate ( 21 , 22 ; 101 , 102 , 103 ; 106 , 107 ; 151 , 152 , 153 ) with gas channels ( 25 ) and / or fluid channels. [8] Battery according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the cooling and / or temperature control device comprises at least one plate ( 22 ; 102 , 103 ; 107 ) with fluid channels and at least one plate ( 21 ; 101 ; 106 ) with gas channels ( 25 ) includes. [9] Battery according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the battery cells ( 5 ; 85 , 88 ;125 , 128 ) on, at and / or below the cooling and / or temperature control device ( 20 ; 100 are arranged. [10] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells are arranged between two cooling and / or temperature control devices. [11] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged horizontally. [12] Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells and / or the cooling and / or temperature control device(s) are arranged vertically. [13] Motor vehicle with a battery ( 1 ; 81 ; 121 ) according to any of the preceding claims.

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