Bicycle derailleur with rotational resistance

Abstract

Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and A resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106), such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second, different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, and wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation and is mounted on a coupling shaft (334) offset parallel to the pivot shaft (170).

Description

[0001] The present application claims the priorities of US patent application No. 12 / 895,705, filed on September 30, 2010, entitled "Bicycle derailleur with rotational resistance", and the related continuation-in-part application US 13 / 218,731, dated August 26, 2011. The content of both priority-establishing applications is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

[0002] The present one is aimed at bicycle shifting devices and in particular at a bicycle derailleur or front derailleur with rotational resistance or rotational inhibition.

[0003] A typical bicycle derailleur drivetrain or gear system comprises a multitude of chainrings that rotate together with a front crank arm assembly or a rear wheel, a chain, and a derailleur that selectively engages, or shifts, the chain onto or below the multitude of chainrings. A typical derailleur or front derailleur includes a base element designed to be mounted on a bicycle frame, a moving element movably coupled to the base element, and a chain guide coupled to the moving element. The chain guide engages the chain to selectively shift or change gears among the multitude of chainrings as the moving element moves relative to the base element.

[0004] The chain guide of a rear derailleur is normally mounted to rotate with respect to the moving element and is spring-tensioned clockwise so that the chain guide can compensate for any play or slack in the chain when the chain engages with a smaller diameter sprocket. However, when riding on rough terrain, vibrations and impacts can cause the chain guide to rotate counterclockwise, resulting in unwanted play, also known as slack, or an unwanted drop in chain tension. To counteract this phenomenon, some rear derailleurs have been modified with movement-limiting structures. An example of a movement-limiting or inhibiting structure is disclosed in US 2009 / 0054183A1.As shown therein, a bicycle derailleur or derailleur comprises a base element designed to be mounted on a bicycle, a movable element movably coupled to the base element, and a chain guide coupled to the movable element. The chain guide is coupled to rotation about an axis of rotation, wherein a pre-tensioning element pre-tensions the chain guide in a selected direction of rotation around the axis of rotation. A resistance unit exerts resistance to rotational movement of the chain guide in a direction opposite to the selected direction of rotation, wherein an adjusting unit sets a quantity or measure of resistance exerted by the resistance unit.

[0005] Other bicycle derailleurs are known from DE 10 2007 040 156 A1, US 2003 / 0 083 162 A1, US 6 135 904 A, EP 0 031 215 A2, EP1 415 902 A2, DE 10 2007 006 517 A1 and DE 600 35 621 T2.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a bicycle derailleur that can provide rotational resistance with improved and simpler adjustability.

[0007] This problem is solved using the features of the respective independent claims; preferred embodiments are defined in the respective dependent claims.

[0008] Examples of implementation are described below with reference to the attached drawings: Fig. Figure 1 is a side view of a bicycle which uses a particularly preferred embodiment of a bicycle derailleur or front derailleur transmission or shifting system or shifting arrangement. Fig. Figure 2 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of a rear derailleur. Fig. Figure 3 is a front view of the derailleur or front derailleur as shown in Fig. 2 shown. Fig. Figure 4 is a side view of the moving element and chain guide, detached from the rest of the derailleur. Fig. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. Figure 6 is a front view of the pivot shaft and the roller coupling for the chain guide: Fig. Figure 7 is a perspective view of the moving element, showing the resistance or inhibition control lever. Fig. Figure 8 is a front view of the moving element when the resistance or inhibition control lever is in a first position. Fig. Figure 9 is a side view of the moving element, as shown in Fig. Figure 8 shows the lid or cover removed. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 10-10 of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 11-11.of Fig. 6. Fig. Figure 12 is a perspective view of a roller support for a roller coupling. Fig. Figure 13 is a front view of the moving element when the resistance or inhibition control lever is in a second position. Fig. Figure 14 is a side view of the moving element, shown in Fig. 13, with the lid or cover removed. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 15-15 from Fig. 13. Fig. Figure 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a stern derailleur with a resistance or inhibition control lever in a first position. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the rear derailleur of Fig. 16, wherein the inhibition or resistance control lever is in a second position or is present. Fig. Figure 18 is a partially exploded view of the moving element and the resistance or inhibition control mechanism. Fig. Figure 19 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of a cam mounting unit. Fig. Figure 20 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of an initial position cam. Fig. Figure 21 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of a control cam. Fig. Figure 22 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of a control lever. Fig. Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of an inhibition or resistance control mechanism. Fig. 24 is a view similar to Fig. 10, wherein a further embodiment of a hedging or resistance control unit is shown. Fig. Figure 25 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a resistance or inhibition control unit. Fig. Figure 26 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a resistance control unit. Fig. 27A and Fig. Figure 27B shows perspective views of the pivot axis or pivot shaft, each coupled and uncoupled from the one-way coupling. Fig. Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 5, wherein an embodiment of a derailleur is shown with a mechanism which selectively couples and decouples a pivot shaft or pivot axis from the one-way coupling. Fig. 29A and Fig. Figure 29B are perspective views showing a different embodiment of a pivot pin, each coupled and decoupled from the one-way coupling. Fig. Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 5, wherein another embodiment of a derailleur is shown, comprising a mechanism which selectively couples and decouples the pivot shaft from the one-way coupling. Fig. Figure 31 is a side view of another embodiment of a movable element and a chain guide. Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 32-32 from Fig. 31. Fig. Figure 33 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a roller retention mechanism or roller support, viewed from the left. Fig. 32. Fig. Figure 34 is a more detailed view of an embodiment of an outer element of the one-way coupling, as in Fig. 32 shown. Fig. Figure 35 is a detailed schematic view of the one-way coupling in the activated state. Fig. Figure 36 is a schematic detail view of the one-way coupling in the deactivated state.

[0009] Fig. Figure 1 shows a bicycle 10 comprising a frame 14 with front and rear wheels 18 and 22, rotatably coupled to the frame 14 in a conventional manner. The front derailleur 26 is mounted on the seat tube 14a of the frame 14, and a rear derailleur 30 is mounted on the rear of the frame 14. The front derailleur 26 shifts a chain C under a plurality of front chainrings FS, and the rear derailleur 30 shifts the chain C under a plurality of rear chainrings RS. Conventional shift control units 34 and 38, mounted on a handlebar 42, are used to operate or actuate the front derailleur 26 and the rear derailleur 30 respectively by means of conventional Bowden cables 46 and 50. The bicycle 10 is a conventional bicycle except for the rear derailleur 30, so only the rear derailleur or rear derailleur 30 will be discussed in greater detail below.

[0010] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the rear derailleur 30 comprises a base element 54, a movable element 58, a linking arrangement 62, and a chain guide 66. The base element 54 is designed to be rotatably mounted on a rear derailleur mounting element 68 by means of a mounting bolt 70, and the linking or coupling arrangement 62 is coupled between the base element 54 and the movable element 58, so that the chain guide 66 can move to assume a variety of shifting positions, corresponding to a number of rear sprockets RS. The rear derailleur mounting element 68 is designed to be rigidly or permanently mounted to the rear or tail of the frame 14 by means of a mounting bolt 74. A return spring (not shown) pre-tensions the movable element 58, either laterally inwards or laterally outwards, depending on the application, relative to the plurality of rear sprockets RS.In the present embodiment, the return spring pre-tensions the movable element 58 laterally outwards.

[0011] The connecting or coupling arrangement 62 comprises a pair of parallel connectors 78 and 82, wherein connector 78 is an upper, outer connector, whereas connector 82 is a lower, inner connector or connecting or coupling element. Connectors 78 and 82 are pivotally coupled to the base element 54 by means of pivot pins (not shown), and connectors 78 and 82 are pivotally coupled with respect to the movable element 58 by means of pivot pins 86 and 90. Fig. 3) A derailleur actuating arm 94 extends rearward from a lower side of the connector 82. An outer housing or sheath 50a of the Bowden cable 50 terminates at the base element 54 in a conventional manner, wherein an inner wire 50b of the Bowden cable 50 is attached to the actuating arm 94, also in a conventional manner.

[0012] As it is in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the movable element 58 comprises a housing 98 and a connector mounting section 102. The housing 98 is rigidly or firmly attached to (e.g., integrally formed with) the connector mounting section 102 and accommodates a section of a resistance or restraint element 106, which will be described in greater detail below. The connector or coupling mounting section 102 comprises a pair of tubular or tubular connector mounting lugs or ears 110 and 114, which have corresponding cylindrical openings 118 and 122 for receiving pivot shafts or axles or shafts 86 and 90, respectively.

[0013] The housing 98 includes a generally tube-like or tubular section 126, a plate guide tube or plate guide eyelet 128, and a resistor element mounting flange 130. A radially inner section of a resistor element mounting flange 130 forms a mounting tab 134, having an inner peripheral surface 138 that defines a mounting bore 142. A tubular bushing or sleeve 146 is attached to the inner peripheral surface 138 of the mounting lug 134, so that it is positioned within the mounting bore 142. A tubular shaft bearing 150 is attached to the mounting lug 134 and to the tubular bushing or sleeve 146. More precisely, the shaft bearing 150 comprises a tubular or tubular first section 154 and a tubular or tubular second section 158, a flange section 162 extending radially outward, and a tubular or tubular mounting collar 166.The second section 158 is arranged radially inside and in contact with the tubular bushing or sleeve 146. The flanged section 162 extends radially outwards at a transition point between the first section 154 and a second section 158, with the mounting collar 166 extending axially from the outer end of the flanged section 162 (to the right in ). Fig. 5) The mounting collar 166 surrounds and touches the mounting tab 134.

[0014] A pivot shaft or axis, or a pivot shaft 170, is arranged in the shaft bearing or shaft bearing 150, as shown. Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the pivot shaft 170 comprises a first section 170a, a second section with reduced diameter 170b, and a radially outwardly extending retaining shoulder 170c, arranged at the transition or meeting point between the first section 170a and the second section 170b. The first section 170a is arranged in the shaft bearing 150, and the second section 170b extends axially from the resistance element mounting flange 130 (to the right in Fig. 5) A retaining washer or snap ring 174 is fitted between the retaining shoulder 170c and the shaft bearing 150. In the present embodiment, the second section 170b of the pivot shaft 170 forms part of a one-way coupling 178 of a resistance or inhibiting element 106. The pivot shaft 170 also includes a hexagonal tool engagement opening 170d at its right end and a threaded, inner peripheral surface 170e at its left end.

[0015] The chain guide 66 is mounted on the pivot shaft or pivot shaft 170 via a chain guide interface shaft or chain guide interface shaft 182 and a chain guide mounting shaft or chain guide mounting shaft 186. As shown in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the chain guide 66 comprises a first chain guide plate 190, a second chain guide plate 194, a guide roller 198 rotatably supported between the first chain guide plate 190 and the second chain guide plate 194 by means of a chain guide mounting shaft 186, and a tension roller 202 rotatably supported between the first chain guide plate 190 and the second chain guide plate 194 by means of a pivot shaft 206 connected to the first chain guide plate 190 and the second chain guide plate 194. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the chain guide interface shaft 182 comprises a head section 182a and a threaded shaft section 182b. The threaded shaft section 182b is designed to be screwed into the inner threaded peripheral surface 170e of the pivot shaft 170, so that the pivot shaft 170 and the chain guide interface shaft 182 can rotate together as an integral unit. The head section 182a has the form of a three-step head, comprising a first stepped section 182a', a second stepped section 182a'', and a third stepped section 182a'''.The first stepped section 182a' acts as a spacer between the guide roller 198 and the second chain guide plate 194, and the second stepped section 182a'' rigidly supports the chain guide plate 194. The second chain guide plate 194 includes an arcuate guide slot 194a, which accommodates a threaded shaft or shank 210 and a bearing nut 214. The threaded shank 210 extends axially from the plate guide tube or guide eye 128 of the tubular section 126 of the housing 98. The third stepped section 182a''' supports a cover element or lid element 216, which helps to prevent contaminants from entering the tubular section 126 of the housing 98. Finally, the head section 182 contains a threaded, inner peripheral surface 182a''''.

[0016] The chain guide mounting shaft or chain guide mounting shank 186 comprises a head section 186a with a hexagonal tool engagement opening 186b, an intermediate or central pivot shaft section 186c, and a threaded end section 186d. The head section 186a rigidly supports the first chain guide plate 190, with the intermediate pivot shaft or pivot shaft section 186c rotatably supporting the guide roller 198. The threaded end section 186d is designed to be screwed into the threaded peripheral inner surface 182a'''' of the chain guide interface shaft or chain guide interface shaft 182, so that the pivot shaft or pivot shaft 170, the chain guide interface shaft or chain guide interface shaft 182, the chain guide mounting shaft orThe chain guide mounting shaft 186, the first chain guide plate 190, and the second chain guide plate 194 rotate together as an integral unit. A helical spring 217 has a first end mounted on the resistance or stop element mounting flange 130 and a second end mounted on the second chain guide plate 194 to pre-tension the chain guide 66 clockwise and thus to accommodate play in the chain C.

[0017] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figures 7-10, the resistance-providing or -imposing element 106 includes a one-way coupling 178 and a friction-inducing or -imposing element 218. A one-way coupling 178 provides resistance or inhibition with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide 66 in a predetermined direction, and the friction-inducing element 218 provides frictional resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide 66 by generating frictional resistance with respect to the rotation of the one-way coupling 178. A protective cover 224 is mounted on the resistance element mounting flange 130 by means of screws 225 to protect the enclosed components from the external environment.

[0018] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figures 6 and 9-12, a one-way coupling 178 comprises an inner element in the form of a second section 170b of the pivot shaft 170 and an outer element or link 226, wherein a plurality of rollers 230 and a roller retaining device or cage 234 are also provided. Thus, according to this embodiment, the slip or one-way coupling 178 is a roller coupling. As is clearly shown in greater detail in Fig. As shown in Figure 11, the second section 170b of the pivot shaft or pivot 170 has a smooth outer peripheral surface 170f for supporting the plurality of rollers 230. On the other hand, the outer element 226 has an inner peripheral surface 226a and a plurality of cam ramps 226b extending radially outward from the inner peripheral surface 226a. Each cam ramp 226b is associated with one of the plurality of rollers or cylinders 230.

[0019] The roller or roll retaining device (cage) 234 is formed from a synthetic resin and positions each of a plurality of rollers or rolls 230 in a suitable circumferential position with respect to the associated cam ramp 226b and also clamps each of the plurality of rollers or rolls 230 towards the radially inner section of the correspondingly associated ramp 226b. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 12, the cage or roll retainer or roll retaining device 234 comprises an upper retaining ring 238, a lower retaining ring 242, a plurality of retaining columns 246, and a spring assembly 250. The plurality of cage or retaining columns 246 are arranged between and connected to the upper cage or retaining ring 238 and the lower cage or retaining ring 242 to form a plurality of roll or roller receiving spaces 254.

[0020] As it is in the Fig. 11 and Fig. As shown in Figure 12, each retaining column 246 has a generally inverted L-shape in cross-section, forming a spring space 262 between the retaining column and the associated roller or cylinder 230. Each retaining column 246 includes a generally rectangular, circumferentially directed rotation-prevention or anti-rotation projection 258, engaging with respect to an inner peripheral surface 226a of the outer element 226 to prevent a rotation reversal of the roller / cylinder retainer 234 (counterclockwise in Fig. 11) relative to the outer element 226. The lower retaining ring 242 includes additional projections 266, engaging in respective recesses (not shown) in the outer element 226 for the non-rotatable or rotationally fixed locking roller retaining element 234 with respect to the outer element 226.

[0021] Fig. Figure 12 shows the roller retention mechanism 134 in the assembled state, immediately before the final fixing or fastening of the spring assembly 250 to the upper retaining ring 238. In this embodiment, the spring assembly 250 comprises a thin, disc-shaped upper plate 270 and a plurality of circumferentially arranged leaf springs 274. The upper plate 270 fits into a form-matched, recessed area 275 formed on the upper part of the upper retaining ring 238. The upper plate 270 includes a central opening 282, aligned with a central opening 286 formed in the upper retaining ring 238, with a plurality of circumferentially arranged fastening openings 290 and a plurality of spring retaining arms 294 extending radially outward in a circumferential direction. Each spring retaining arm 294 is attached to or with reference to (e.g.integrally designed with) a corresponding leaf spring 274, extending downwards through a corresponding spring opening 298 in the upper retaining ring 238. The leaf spring thus extends in a corresponding spring space 262 around a corresponding roller or cylinder 230 (in the counterclockwise direction in . Fig. 11) A plurality of mooring posts 300, formed on the upper retaining ring 238, extend through the plurality of mooring openings 290 formed in the upper plate 270. The mooring posts 300 are, or are, flattened after assembly, as shown at reference numeral 300', to form rivet elements that connect the upper plate to the upper retaining ring 238. As a result, the upper retaining ring 238, the lower retaining ring 242, the plurality of retaining posts 246, and the plurality of mooring posts 300 are formed in one piece or integrally.

[0022] The slip or one-way clutch 178 functions as described below. When the swivel shaft or swivel shank 170 rotates clockwise in Fig. When the pivot pin or pivot shaft 170 rotates counterclockwise, the multitude of rollers or cylinders 230 move towards the radially outer section of the multitude of cam ramps 226b, in the opposite direction to the preload force of the leaf springs 274. As a result, the pivot shaft or pivot rod 170 rotates freely in the clockwise direction relative to the outer element 226. Conversely, when the pivot pin or pivot rod or pivot shaft 170 rotates counterclockwise, the multitude of rollers or cylinders 230 move towards the radially innermost position of the multitude of cam ramps 226b, corresponding to the preload force of the leaf springs 274. As a result, the pivot rod 170 or pivot shaft 170 is non-rotatably coupled to the outer element 270, so that the pivot rod or pivot shaft 170 and the outer element 270 rotate together as a single unit.

[0023] As it is in the Fig. 9 and Fig. As shown in Figure 10, the friction-inducing or -providing element 218 comprises a friction-inducing section 218a and two movable end sections 218b and 218c. In this embodiment, the friction-inducing or -providing section 218a is provided to extend circumferentially along the outer peripheral surface of the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178, with the movable end sections 218b and 218c extending radially outwards from opposite ends of the friction-inducing or -providing section 218a. The friction-generating section 218a has a ribbon-like shape with a width approximately equal to the width of the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178. The friction-generating or friction-inducing element 218 is an elastic element, such as a leaf spring, which may be formed or manufactured from metal or alloy.

[0024] A resistance or inhibition control unit 310 is provided for controlling the amount or extent of resistance or inhibition exerted on the pivot shaft 170 and the chain guide 66 by the resistance or inhibition-providing element 116. In the present embodiment, the resistance control unit 310 is arranged to contact the movable end section 218b of the friction-generating element 218. The initial or initial setting cam 314 has a cam surface 314a, which includes a radially inner cam surface 314b, and a radially outer cam surface 314c. In the present embodiment, the inner cam surface 314b tapers gradually radially outwards towards the radially outer cam surface 314c. However, the cam surface 314a could also be stepped or terraced, or could have any other radial surface modification, depending on the application.Advantageously, the cam surface 314a comprises a plurality of surfaces so that the rotational position of the initial setting cam 314 is maintained during use of the rear derailleur 30. Such surfaces could result from the gradual transition from the radially inner cam surface 314b to the radially outer cam surface 314c. Alternatively, the surfaces could result from recessed, flattened, or recessed areas on the cam surface 314a (as, for example, on the radially inner cam surface 314b and the radially outer cam surface 314c). Such surfaces could be sufficient to index the initial setting cam 314 in predetermined positions, so that noticeably more force is required to rotate the initial position cam 314 out of the indexed position. In the present embodiment, the initial setting cam 314 isThe initial adjustment cam 314 is not rotatable or rotationally fixed, but is detachably mounted with respect to the shaft or shank 318. The shaft or shank 318 has a corrugated or otherwise splined surface, so that the orientation of the initial adjustment cam 314 can be adjusted by removing the initial adjustment cam 314 from the shaft or shank 318, rotating the initial adjustment cam 314 to a desired position, and subsequently fixing the initial adjustment cam 314 with respect to the shaft or shank 318 in the new rotational position.

[0025] The control cam 326 and the control lever 330 are arranged on the movable end section 218c of the friction element 218, the control cam 326 being non-rotatably coupled to the control lever 330 by means of a coupling shaft or coupling shaft 334. The coupling shaft 334 extends through the friction element mounting flange 130, so that the control lever 330 is located outside the movable element 58. As a result, the control lever 330 can be operated by a user without having to remove the protective cover 224.

[0026] The control cam 326 is arranged to contact the movable end section 218c of the friction-generating element 218. The control cam 326 has a cam surface 326a, which includes a radially inner cam surface 326b and a radially outer cam surface 326c. In the present embodiment, the inner cam surface 326b tapers gradually radially outwards towards the radially outer cam surface 326c in a non-linear manner. However, the cam surface 326a could also be stepped or graduated, or could exhibit other radial changes with respect to the surface, depending on the specific application. For example, the cam surface 326a could contain a plurality of surfaces so that the rotational position of the control cam 314 is maintained during the use of the rear derailleur 30. Such surfaces could result from the gradual transition, orthe gradual transition from the radially inner cam surface 326b to the radially outer cam surface 326c. Alternatively, the surfaces could originate from flattened or recessed areas on the cam surface 326a (for example, on the radially inner cam surface 326b and the radially outer cam surface 326c). Such surfaces could be sufficient for indexing the control cam 326 in predetermined positions, so that noticeably more force is required to rotate the control cam 326 out of the indexed position.

[0027] As it is in the Fig. 7 and Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the coupling shaft or coupling shaft 334 comprises an inner cylindrical shaft core 334a, arranged within the coupling element 334b. The coupling element 334b ​​has a splined outer peripheral surface 334b', a tubular or tube-like section 334b'', and a mounting eyelet or mounting ear 334b'''. The splined outer peripheral surface 334b' engages with a splined or spline-like inner peripheral surface 326d of the control cam 326, so that the control cam 326 and coupling shaft 334 rotate together as a single unit. The control cam 326 is detachable from the coupling shaft or coupling shank 334. Thus, the rotational position of the control cam 326 with respect to the coupling shank 334 can be adjusted in the same way as the initial adjustment cam or the initial adjustment cam 314.The tubular section 334b'' extends through the resistance element mounting flange 130, allowing the coupling shaft 334 to rotate relative to the resistance element mounting flange 130. The mounting eyelet or mounting tube 334b''' generally extends perpendicularly from the tubular section 334b'' and radially outwards from the shaft core 334a.

[0028] As is clearer in Fig. As shown in Figure 7, the control lever 330 comprises a shaft or shaft mounting section 330a, a radially outwardly extending section 330b, and a finger-touching or contact section 330c. The shaft mounting section 330a has a first opening 330a' and a second opening 330a'', the first opening 330a' receiving the shaft or shaft core 334a, and the second opening 330a'' receiving a mooring 338 for fixed or rigid and non-rotatable or non-rotatable fastening of the control lever 330 to the coupling element 334b ​​of the coupling shaft or coupling shaft 334. The control lever 330 is detachable from the coupling shaft or coupling shaft 334 when the mooring 338 is or has been removed. The control lever 330 can be made of metal (for example, aluminum) or of synthetic resin.The shaft or shaft core 334a and the coupling element 334b ​​can be formed in one piece or integrally, and / or the control lever 330 and the coupling shaft 334 can be formed in one piece or integrally. The radially outwardly extending section 330b extends radially outwardly from the shaft or shaft core 334a and the mooring 338, with the finger contact section 330c being located at the end of the radially outwardly extending section 330b. The finger contact section 330c generally extends perpendicularly from the radially outwardly extending section 330b to form a generally rectangular finger surface, which is located in the immediate vicinity of the resistance element mounting flange 130. As is shown more clearly in the figures... Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8. The finger contact section 330c contains a threaded bore 330c' which accommodates an indexing ball 342 and an indexing spring (not shown). The indexing spring and the indexing ball 342 are held in the bore 330c' by an adjusting screw 346, which can be used to adjust the spring force against the indexing ball 342. Alternatively, the ball 342 can be made of resin, such that part of the ball 342 is arranged in an unthreaded bore 330' or is otherwise bonded or glued to the finger contact section 330c.

[0029] The resistance element mounting flange 130 forms a pair of indexing projections 130a with indexing recesses 130b between them. When the control lever 330 is in the position shown in the Fig. 9 and Fig. As shown in Figure 10, the indexing ball 342 is arranged in the indexing recess 130b for indexing the control lever 330 in this position. In other words, the control lever 330 is held stably in this position, so that noticeably more force is required to turn the control lever 330 away from or out of this position. The resistance element mounting flange 130 also forms an indexing stop 130c and indexing surface 130d. The indexing stop 130c and the indexing surface 130d interact with the indexing ball 342 to index the control lever 330 in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 position shown. More precisely, the indexing stop 130c contacts the finger contact section 330c of the control lever 330 to limit or restrict the counterclockwise rotation of the control lever 330, wherein the indexing surface 130d has a momentarily or abruptly increasing radius of curvature, immediately to the right of the indexing ball 342 (when the control lever 330 is in the position shown in the Fig. 14 and Fig. (as shown in the position shown in Figure 15), so that the indexing spring must be compressed further to turn the control lever 330 clockwise. Thus, noticeably more force is required to turn the control lever 330 clockwise out of the position shown in the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 position shown. In another embodiment, the radially outer cam surface 326c can index the control lever 330 instead of the indexing stop 130c and the indexing surface 130d. In such an embodiment, the surface produces an audible and / or tactile clicking sensation when the movable end section 218c of the friction-generating element 218 moves from the radially inner cam surface 326b to the radially outer cam surface 326c or from the radially outer cam surface 326c to the radially inner cam surface 326b.

[0030] During operation, the control lever 330 is turned to the position shown in Fig. Figures 8 and 10 show that the indexing ball 342 is arranged in or within the indexing recess 130b, with a radially inner section of the cam surface 326a of the control cam 326 touching or contacting the movable end section 218c of the friction element 216. Alternatively, it is also possible that the radially inner section of the cam surface 326a of the control cam 326 does not touch the movable end section 218c of the friction element 218 when the indexing spring 342 is arranged in the indexing recess 130b. In this case, the protective cover 224 is removed and the initial setting cam 314 is rotated so that the movable end sections 218b and 218c of the friction element 218 are in contact with the control cam 326.The friction-penetrating element 218 is arranged or positioned at desired locations to adjust the diameter of the friction-generating section 218a of the friction-generating element 218 in order to produce a desired initial frictional force with respect to the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178. For example, the initial adjustment cam 314 could be positioned such that the radially inner cam surface 314b contacts the movable end 218b, wherein the radially inner cam surface 314b has a radius such that the friction-generating or penetrating section 218a does not produce any operatively perceptible friction on the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178. As a result, the one-way coupling 178 rotates freely both clockwise and counterclockwise without generating any additional resistance.No additional inhibition is caused with regard to the rotation of the chain guide 66, both clockwise and counterclockwise, with the exception of the resistance or inhibition caused by the spiral or helical spring 217. The protective cover 224 is reattached after the initial setting cam 314 has been moved to the desired position.

[0031] Normally, however, the initial adjustment cam 314 is set such that a radially outer section of the cam surface 314a causes the movable end section 218b to move towards the movable end section 218c. As a result, the diameter of the friction-generating section 218a of the friction-generating element 218 is reduced to produce slight or moderate friction with respect to the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178. Thus, the rollers 230 in the one-way coupling 178 move towards radially outer sections of the cam ramps 226b, no resistance or restraint is exerted on the rotation of the pivot shaft 170, and the chain guide 66 rotates freely in the clockwise direction. When the chain guide 66 rotates clockwise, it does not compensate for any play or lack of tension in the chain C.On the other hand, if the chain guide 66 attempts to rotate counterclockwise as a result of rough driving conditions, the counterclockwise rotation of the pivot shaft 170 causes the rollers or cylinders 230 in the one-way clutch 178 to move towards the radially inner sections of the cam ramps 226b, thereby locking or blocking the pivot shaft or pivot 170 with respect to the outer element 226, so that the pivot shaft or pivot 170 and the outer element 226 rotate as a unit. However, due to friction or inhibition caused by the friction- or inhibiting element 216 on the outer element 226, the counterclockwise rotation of the outer element 226 and the pivot shaft 170 is inhibited or delayed, thereby providing resistance or inhibition with respect to the counterclockwise rotation of the chain guide 66.

[0032] If the rider anticipates driving in very rough terrain, additional resistance to the counterclockwise rotation of the chain guide 66 may be desired. To accommodate such driving conditions, the control lever 330 is turned to the position shown in the Fig. Figures 13-15 show that the radially outer section of the cam surface 326a of the control cam 326 presses or acts upon the movable end section 218c of the friction element 218 to the left, thereby further reducing the diameter of the friction section 218a of the friction element 218 and thereby increasing the frictional force exerted by the frictional or inhibiting element 218 with respect to the outer element 226 of the one-way clutch 178. The increasing frictional force exerted by the frictional element 218 on the outer element 226 of the one-way clutch 178 further increases the inhibition or resistance to counterclockwise rotation of the pivot shaft 170 and the chain guide 66, without affecting the clockwise rotation of the chain guide 66.In this embodiment, the initial setting cam 314 and the control cam 326 are configured to apply or cause resistance or inhibition with respect to the rotation of the pivot shaft 170 in the order of about 2 Nm to 15 Nm and preferably from 3.5 Nm to 5.4 Nm.

[0033] The Fig. Figures 16-22 show another embodiment of a rear derailleur or derailleur 30' with rotational resistance or inhibition. This embodiment is analogous to the embodiment shown in the Fig. Figures 1-15 show, with the exception that a control lever 350 for controlling the frictional force, caused by the friction-inducing element 218, is mounted on the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178, outside or outside the protective cover 224'. Fig. Figure 16 shows the control lever 350 in a first position, corresponding to the control lever 330 in Fig. 8 - 10 and Fig. Figure 17 shows the control lever 350 in a second position, corresponding to the control lever 330 in the Fig. 13-15. The operation is identical to that of the first embodiment, except as otherwise specified below. Thus, only the differences between this embodiment and the first embodiment are described.

[0034] Fig. Figure 18 shows a partially exploded view of a movable element 58' and a resistance or escapement control mechanism 354 for this embodiment. A resistance element mounting flange 130' has the same structure as the resistance element mounting flange 130 in the first embodiment, except that an oval mounting recess 358 is provided, which is provided as a substitute for the opening of the coupling shaft or coupling shaft 334 in the first embodiment. The mounting recess 358 is used to fasten the resistance or escapement control unit 354.

[0035] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figures 18-22, the resistance or inhibition control unit 354 comprises a mounting bracket 362, an initial setting cam mounting shaft or initial setting cam mounting shank 366, attached to one end of the mounting bracket 362, an initial setting cam or initial setting cam 370, mounted with respect to the initial setting cam mounting shank 366, a control cam mounting shank 374, attached to the other end of the mounting bracket 362, a control cam 378, rotatably mounted for controlling the cam mounting shank or cam mounting shaft 374, and a control lever 350, which is connected by means of splines with respect to the control cam 378.More precisely, the control cam 378 comprises a plurality of wedge surfaces or splines 386, engaging with respect to a complementary plurality of wedge surfaces or splines 390, arranged in a cam mounting section 350a of the control lever 350, such that the control cam 378 and the control lever 350 rotate as a unit around the control cam mounting shaft 374, respectively. The control cam 378 further comprises a bearing section 394, which engages in an opening (not shown) in the protective cover 224', such that the wedge surfaces or splines 386, and thus the control lever 350, are located outside the protective cover 224'. The control lever 350 further comprises a radially extending section 350b and a generally cylindrical finger-contact section 350c, extending perpendicularly from the radially extending section.The initial adjustment cam 370 is detachable from the initial adjustment cam mounting shaft 366, so that the alignment of the initial adjustment cam 370 can be adjusted by removing the initial adjustment cam 370 from the initial adjustment cam mounting shaft 366, rotating the initial adjustment cam 370 to a desired position and subsequently attaching the initial adjustment cam 370 to the initial adjustment cam mounting shaft 366 in the new rotational position.

[0036] In this embodiment, the control cam 378 comprises a first surface 378a and a second surface 378b, engaging the movable end section 218c of the friction element 218. The first surface 378a and the second surface 378b are flattened or countersunk surfaces, interacting with the movable end section 218c of the friction element 284 to index the control cam 378 and thus the control lever 350 in first and second indexed positions, corresponding to the two available resistance or locking values ​​that resist or oppose counterclockwise rotation of the chain guide 66. Therefore, the indexing surfaces on the resistance element mounting flange 130' are not required in this embodiment.

[0037] Although a description of various embodiments of features according to the invention is given above, further modifications can be used without deviating from the scope and basic concept of the present invention. For example, despite the fact that control levers 330 and 350 were used to select desired resistance values ​​with respect to the rotation of the chain guide 66, other manually operated elements that do not require tools, such as knobs or the like, could be used. Although the control levers 330 and 350 are mounted on their respective movable elements 58 and 58', such a configuration is not strictly necessary. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 23, a control lever 398 or another manually operated element could be attached to the steering rod 42 or to another structure, and the control lever 398 could be coupled with respect to a control lever or control disc mounted on the movable element by means of a control cable, such as a Bowden cable 400, wherein the control lever / disc is operatively coupled with respect to the control cam. The friction-inducing element 218, part of the resistance control unit 310, and the one-way clutch 178 could be arranged in a housing 98 of the movable element 58.Although the control levers were depicted as being located on the laterally inner or outer surfaces of the movable element and the cover, the control lever could be arbitrarily positioned between the laterally inner and outer surfaces defined by the movable element, including an optionally provided cover such as between planes P1 and P2 in . Fig. 3.

[0038] Fig. 24 is a view similar to Fig. Figure 10, wherein a further embodiment of a resistance control unit 310' is shown. In this embodiment, the initial adjusting cam 314 has been replaced by an adjusting screw 410, which can be screwed into a threaded opening 414 of a support 418. A tip 422 of the adjusting screw 410 moves the movable end section 218b of the friction-generating element 218 towards and away from the movable end section 218c when the adjusting screw 410 is turned clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0039] Fig. Figure 25 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a hedging or resistance control unit 310''. In this embodiment, a friction-generating element 218' includes movable end sections 218d and 218e, each movable end section 218d and 218e having an opening 218f (only the opening 218f for the movable end section 218d is shown) for receiving or engaging a control bolt 430. The control bolt 430 includes a threaded shaft section 430a, a generally cylindrical head section 430b, and a rod-shaped handle mounting section 430c. The head section 430b abuts or comes into contact with the movable end section 218e, and a handle 434 is attached to the free end of the handle mounting section 430c. A generally cylindrical threaded nut 438 is attached to the movable end section 218d to receive the threaded shaft section 430a.As a result, the movable end section 218d moves towards and away from the movable end section 218e when the handle 434 is turned or rotates clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0040] Fig. Figure 26 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a resistance control unit 310'''. This embodiment is essentially identical to the embodiment described in Figure 26. Fig. Figure 25 shows that only differences in detail are discussed here. In this embodiment, a friction-generating element 218'' includes movable end sections 218g and 218h, opposite the movable end sections 218d and 218e, each movable end section 218g and 218h having an opening 218j (only the opening 218j for the movable end section 218g is shown) for receiving a second control bolt 442. The second control bolt 442 includes a threaded shank section 442a and a generally cylindrical head section 442b with a tool engagement opening 442c. The head section 442b abuts or comes into contact with the movable end section 218h. A generally cylindrical threaded nut 446 is attached to the movable end section 218g for receiving the threaded shank section 442a through it.As a result, the movable end section 218g moves towards or away from the movable end section 218h when the head section 442b of the second control bolt 442 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the pivot shaft or pivot shank 170 is slidably and detachably mounted in the roller retaining device 234 and the rollers 230 of the one-way coupling 178, as shown in the Fig. 27A and Fig. 27B. Such a detachable mounting of the swivel shaft 170 makes it possible to easily remove the one-way coupling 178 for repair and replacement purposes.

[0042] Fig. Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 5, wherein an embodiment of a derailleur is shown with a mechanism which selectively couples and decouples a pivot shaft 480, similar to the pivot shaft or pivoting shaft 170 from the one-way coupling 178. In this embodiment, the pivot shaft or pivoting shaft 480 comprises a first section 480a with an annular groove 480b, a second section 480c, and a thin rod-shaped third section 480d. The first section 480a is arranged within a modified shaft or shaft bearing 150', and the second section 480c forms the inner part of the one-way coupling 178, as in the first embodiment. The third section 480d extends through a central opening 286 in the upper retaining ring 238 of the roller or cylinder retainer 234 and through an opening 224a in a side wall 224b of the cover 224. The third section 480d acts as a manually operated handle.

[0043] The first section 480a of the pivot shaft or pivot shank 480 is non-rotatably coupled with respect to, but axially movable relative to, the chain guide interface shaft or chain guide interface shank 182, for example by a spline-like connection or coupling between the outer peripheral surface of the chain guide interface shank 182 and the inner peripheral surface of the first section 480a of the pivot shank 480. A preload element in the form of a coil spring 484 has a first end 484a, attached with respect to the chain guide mounting shank 168, and a second end 484b, attached with respect to the second section 484c of the pivot shank 480 for preloading the pivot shank or pivot shaft 480 towards the second chain guide plate 194.

[0044] In this embodiment, a flange section 162' of the shaft bearing 150' is axially thickened or reinforced and contains a plurality of circumferentially arranged and radially extending blind or concealed bores 162a. A release spring 488 and a release pin 492 are arranged in each blind or concealed bore 162a, so that each release pin 492 is biased towards the pivot shaft or pivot shaft 480.

[0045] Fig. Figure 28 shows the pivot shaft 480 in the clutch-activated state. In this state, the release pins 492 are clamped by springs 488 and engaged with the annular groove 480d of the pivot shaft, such that the second section 480c of the pivot shaft 480 is located or arranged within the roller or roll retainer 234 of the one-way clutch 178, with the one-way clutch 178 being actuated or functioning as in the first embodiment. If it is now desired to deactivate the one-way clutch 178, the user grasps the third section 480d of the pivot shaft 480 and pulls the pivot shaft 480 to the left to disengage the release pins 494 from the annular groove 480b.As a result, the spring 484 pulls the pivot shaft 480 to the left until the second section 480c of the pivot shaft 480 is arranged axially to the left and outside the roller or roll retainer 234, thereby decoupling the one-way coupling 178 from the pivot shaft 480, so that the chain guide 66 can rotate or pivot freely. If it is now desired to reactivate the one-way coupling 178, the user pulls the third section 480d of the pivot shaft 480 until the release pins 492 engage in the annular groove or slot 480b and the second section 480c of the pivot shaft 480 is thus positioned in the roller or cylinder retaining element 234. If desired, the third section 480d of the pivot shaft 480 can have a joint 480e so that the free end of the third section 480d can be bent or folded towards the side wall 224b of the cover 224.Such a configuration is helpful in minimizing the risk that the third section 480d could hit adjacent objects while driving.

[0046] In this embodiment, the friction-inducing element 218 is provided externally to the one-way coupling 178. However, the friction-inducing element 218 could also be omitted, and the outer element 226 of the one-way coupling 178 could be fixed or attached directly or indirectly to the resistance element mounting flange 130.

[0047] The Fig. 29A and Fig. Figure 29B shows perspective views of another embodiment of a pivot shaft or pivoting shaft 500, each capable of being coupled and uncoupled from a one-way coupling 178. In this embodiment, the pivot shaft 500 comprises a first pivot shaft section 500a and a second pivot shaft section 500b. The second pivot shaft section 500b is arranged within the roller or roll retention mechanism 234 of the one-way coupling 178 and includes an axially extending hexagonal through-bore 500c. The second pivot shaft or pivoting shaft section 500b forms the inner part of the one-way coupling 178.The first pivot shaft section 500a contains an axially extending hexagonal projection 500d, which is slidably received in the hexagonal through-bore 500c for rotationally fixed coupling of the first pivot shaft section 500a with the second pivot shaft section 500b when the pivot shaft 500 is in the assembled state, as shown here in . Fig. 29A shown. Such a detachable assembly allows the one-way coupling 178 to be easily removed for the purpose of repair, replacement, or exchange.

[0048] Fig. Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view similar to that of Fig. 28, wherein an embodiment of a derailleur is shown with a mechanism which selectively engages a pivot shaft or pivoting shaft 550, similar to the pivot shaft 500 as in the Fig. 29A and Fig. Figure 29B shows a coupling and uncoupling mechanism for a one-way coupling 178. In this embodiment, the pivot shaft 550 comprises a first pivot shaft section 550a and a second pivot shaft section 550b. The second pivot shaft section 550b is arranged in the roll restraint or roll restraint device 234 of the one-way coupling 178 and contains an axially extending hexagonal through-bore 550c. The second pivot shaft section 550b forms the inner part of the one-way coupling 178.

[0049] The first pivot shaft section 550a includes a circumferential groove or slot 550d, an axially extending hexagonal projection 550e, and an axially extending grip section 550f. The hexagonal projection 550e is slidably received in the hexagonal axially extending through-bore 550c in the second pivot shaft section 550b for the rotationally fixed coupling of the first pivot shaft section 550a with the second pivot shaft section 550b when the pivot shaft 550 is in the assembled state, as shown in Fig. Figure 30 shows the handle section 550f extending through the central opening 286 in the upper retaining ring 238 of the roller or cylinder retainer 234, as well as through an opening 224a in the side surface 224b of the lid or cover 224. The handle section 550f is radially thinner than the hexagonal projection 550e and acts as a manually operated handle.

[0050] As in the embodiment described in Fig. As shown in Figure 28, this embodiment includes a helical or spiral spring 484, an axially reinforced or thickened flange section 162' of a modified shaft or shaft bearing 150', blind or concealed bores 162a, release springs 488, and release pins 492. The first pivot shaft section 550a is arranged within the modified shaft bearing 150' such that the release pins 492 are biased towards the first pivot shaft section 550a. The first pivot shaft section 550a is rotationally fixed but axially movable with respect to the chain guide interface shaft 182, for example, by means of a spline-based connection between the outer peripheral surface and the chain guide interface shaft or between the chain guide interface shaft 182 and the inner peripheral surface of the first pivot shaft section 550a.The first end 484a of the spiral or helical spring 484 is attached to the chain guide mounting shaft 186, the second end 484b of the spiral spring 484 being attached to the first pivot shaft section 550a for pre-tensioning the first pivot shaft section 550a towards the second chain guide plate 194.

[0051] Fig. Figure 30 shows the pivot shaft 550 in the clutch-activated state. In this state, the release pins 492 are pre-tensioned by the springs 488 and engaged with the annular groove or slot 550d in the first pivot shaft section 550a, such that the hexagonal projection 550e is positioned within the hexagonal through-bore 550c, with the one-way clutch 178 functioning as in the first embodiment. If it is desired to deactivate the one-way clutch 178, the user grasps the handle section 550f of the first pivot shaft section 550a and pushes the first pivot shaft section 550a to the left to disengage the release pins 492 from the annular groove or slot 550d.As a result, the spring 484 pulls the first pivot shaft section 550a to the left until the hexagonal projection 550e of the first pivot shaft section 550a lies axially to the left and outside the hexagonal through-bore 550c in the second pivot shaft section 550b. Since the handle section 550f is radially thinner than the hexagonal projection 550e, the handle section 550f does not engage with the inner peripheral surface of the hexagonal through-bore 550c in the second pivot shaft section 550b. As a result, the first pivot shaft section 550a is decoupled, or disengaged, from the one-way coupling 178, thus allowing the chain guide 66 to pivot freely.If it is desired to reactivate the one-way coupling 178, the user pulls the handle section 550f of the first pivot shaft section 550a until the release pins 492 engage in the annular groove or slot 550d and the hexagonal projection 550e is positioned within the hexagonal through-bore 550c, thereby coupling the first pivot shaft section 550a to the second pivot shaft section 550b and the one-way coupling 178. If desired, the handle section 550f can have a hinge or joint 550g so that the free end of the handle section 550f can be folded or bent away towards the side wall 224b of the lid or cover 224. Such a configuration is useful in minimizing the likelihood that the handle section 550f might strike nearby objects while driving.

[0052] In this embodiment, the friction-providing element 218 is provided externally to the one-way coupling 178. However, the friction-generating element 218 could also be omitted, and the external element 226 of the one-way coupling 178 could be fixed directly or indirectly with respect to the resistance element mounting flange 130.

[0053] Fig. Figure 31 is a side view of a further embodiment of a movable element 58 and a chain guide 66, wherein Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line 32-32 from Fig. 31. This embodiment is essentially comparable to the first embodiment, so only the differences will be discussed. The main modifications are to the outer element 226 and the roller or cylinder retainer 234 of the one-way coupling 178, so that a switching handle 570 can be used to activate and deactivate the one-way coupling 178.

[0054] As it is in the Fig. As shown in Figures 32-34, a plurality of release openings or recesses 238a are formed in the surface 238b of the modified upper retaining ring 238' of the modified roller or cylinder retainer or the modified roller retaining device 234', wherein the surface 238b faces a modified outer element 126' of a modified one-way coupling 178'. A changeover or switching handle 570 is attached to the upper retaining ring 238. A modified lower retaining ring 242' has a general circular, flat shape with a radially extending stop section 242a. A preloading element in the form of a spring 574 has a first end 574a, which is attached to the lower retaining ring 242', and a second end 574b, abutting a stop post 578, attached to the resistance element mounting flange 130 for preloading the roller retainer clockwise. Fig. 33, until the stop projection 242a rests against or abuts the stop post 578. The retaining columns 246 of the roller retainer 234' are designed similarly to the first embodiment.

[0055] As it is in the Fig. 32 and Fig. As shown in Figure 34, the outer element 226' of the one-way coupling 178' contains a plurality of circumferentially arranged and axially extending blind or blind bores 226a. A release spring 582 and a release pin 586 are each arranged in a blind bore 226a, such that each release pin 586 is biased towards the surface 238b of the upper retaining ring 238'.

[0056] Fig. Figure 35 is a detailed schematic view of a one-way coupling 178' in the activated state. In this state, the stop section or projection 242a of the lower retaining ring 242' is in contact with or abutting the stop post 578, as shown in Fig. Figure 33 shows that the release pins 578 are offset from the release recesses 238a. As a result, the outer element 226' can rotate freely with respect to the roller retainer 234', and the one-way clutch 178' acts as in the first embodiment. If the user wishes to deactivate the roller clutch 178', the user turns the shift handle 570 clockwise. Fig. 31, so that the roller retainer or roller retaining device 234' rotates counterclockwise in Fig. 35 turns until the release pins 586 engage in the outer element 226' with respect to release recesses 238a, as in Fig.Figure 36 shows that in this state the outer element 226' is rotationally fixed to the roller retainer 234' with rollers 230, maintained at the radially outer sections of the plurality of cam ramps 226b on the outer element 226', whereby the pivot shaft or pivot shank 170 can thus rotate or pivot freely, or is pivotable.

Claims

[1] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and A resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106), such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second, different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, and wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation and is mounted on a coupling shaft (334) offset parallel to the pivot shaft (170). [2] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66), coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to an axis of rotation of a pivot shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330), wherein in particular the resistance control element (310) further includes a cam (326), and the control lever (330) is coupled with respect to the cam (326), and wherein the control lever (330) is arranged at a laterally inward surface of the movable element (58) or a laterally outward surface of the movable element (58). [3] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-inducing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second, different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation. wherein the resistance-inducing element (106) includes a one-way coupling (178) and a friction-inducing element (218), causing resistance to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes frictional resistance with respect to the one-way coupling (178), and wherein the one-way coupling (178) comprises an inner element (170b) and an outer element (226), wherein the inner element (170b) is arranged radially inside the outer element (226), wherein one of the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) rotates with the chain guide (66), and wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes the frictional resistance with respect to the other under the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226). [4] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, and wherein the resistance-inducing element (106) comprises a one-way coupling (178) and a friction-inducing element (218), causing resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, the one-way coupling (178) comprising a roller or cylinder coupling, and the resistance control element (310) comprising a first cam (326) which actuates the friction-inducing element (218) to cause the frictional resistance with respect to the one-way coupling (178). [5] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the resistance-inducing element (106), which causes resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, comprises: a one-way coupling (178), wherein the one-way coupling (178) contains: an inner element (170b); an outer element (226); a plurality of rollers (230) arranged between the inner element (170b) and the outer element (226); and a roller retainer (234) which retains the plurality of rollers (230); wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a locking element, which locks the roller retainer (234) in a selected rotational position with respect to the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226). [6] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second differential resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the entirety of the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, and wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a first positioning structure which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position, and the movable element (58) includes a second positioning structure.which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position. [7] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation. [8] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a finger touch section (330c) which is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation. [9] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second, different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatably movable about a shaft core (334a) offset parallel to the pivot shaft (170), wherein the control lever (330) comprises a radially outwardly extending section (330b) and a finger-contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) is radially outwardly located outside the shaft core (334a) extends,and wherein the finger contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation. [10] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatable about a shaft core (334a), wherein the control lever (330) extends radially outwards section (330b) and a finger-contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) extends radially outward from the shaft core (334a) extends, wherein the finger contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330), wherein in particular the resistance control element (310) further includes a cam (326), and the control lever (330) is coupled with respect to the cam (326), and wherein the control lever (330) is arranged at a laterally inward surface of the movable element (58) or a laterally outward surface of the movable element (58). [11] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatable about a shaft core (334a), wherein the control lever (330) comprises a radially outwardly extending section (330b) and a finger contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) extends radially outward from the shaft core (334a), and wherein the finger contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation; wherein the resisting element (106) is a one-way coupling (178) and a friction-inducing element (218) that causes resistance to the rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes frictional resistance with respect to the one-way coupling (178), and wherein the one-way coupling (178) comprises an inner element (170b) and an outer element (226), wherein the inner element (170b) is arranged radially inside the outer element (226), wherein one of the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) rotates with the chain guide (66), and wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes the frictional resistance with respect to the other under the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226). [12] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatable about a shaft core (334a), wherein the control lever (330) comprises a radially outwardly extending section (330b) and a finger-contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) extends radially outward from the shaft core (334a), wherein the finger-contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, and wherein the resisting element (106) is a one-way coupling (178) and a friction-inducing element (218) that causes resistance to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, the one-way coupling (178) that contains a roller or cylinder coupling, and the resistance control element (310) that contains a first cam (326) which actuates the friction-inducing element (218) to cause frictional resistance to the one-way coupling (178). [13] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatable about a shaft core (334a), wherein the control lever (330) comprises a radially outwardly extending section (330b) and a finger-contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) extends radially outward from the shaft core (334a), wherein the finger-contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the resistance-inducing element (106), which causes resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, comprises: a one-way coupling (178), wherein the one-way coupling (178) contains: an inner element (170b); an outer element (226); a plurality of rollers (230), arranged between the inner element (170b) and the outer element (226); and a roller retainer (234) which retains the plurality of rollers (230); and wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a locking element, which locks the roller retainer (234) in a selected rotational position with respect to the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226); [14] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled to the base element (54); a chain guide (66) coupled to the movable element (58) for rotation with respect to a rotation axis of a swivel shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-providing element (106) which provides resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) is operatively coupled to the resistance-inducing element (106) such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a first resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the first position, and such that the resistance-inducing element (106) causes a second, different resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) when the resistance control element (310) is arranged in the second position, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330) which is rotatable about a shaft core (334a), wherein the control lever (330) comprises a radially outwardly extending section (330b) and a finger contact section (330c), wherein the extending section (330b) extends radially outward from the shaft core (334a), wherein the finger contact section (330c) is positioned radially outward from the pivot shaft (170) with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a first positioning structure which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position, and the movable element (58) includes a second positioning structure which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position. [15] Bicycle derailleur (30) with rotational resistance, comprising: a basic element (54) designed to be mounted on a bicycle (10); a movable element (58), movably coupled with respect to the base element (54); a chain guide (66), coupled with respect to the movable element (58) for rotation around a rotation axis of a pivot shaft (170) on which the chain guide (66) is mounted; a resistance-inducing element (160) which causes resistance with respect to the rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, comprising a friction-inducing element (218) and a one-way coupling (178), wherein the one-way coupling (178) comprises: an inner element (170b); and an outer element (226); wherein the inner element (170b) is arranged radially inside the outer element (226); and wherein the inner element (170b) rotates with the chain guide (66); wherein the friction-inducing element (218) engages with and / or is in engagement with the outer element (226); and a resistance control element (310) which moves between at least a first position and a second position different from the first position; wherein the resistance control element (310) causes the friction-inducing element (218) to exert resistance with respect to the outer element (226) when the resistance control element (310) is actuated, and wherein the resistance control element (310) is positioned radially outward from the one-way coupling (178) with respect to the axis of rotation. [16] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance control element (310) is arranged such that the resistance control element (310) can be handled directly by a user without the use of a tool. [17] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and 16, if not dependent on claim 15, wherein the resistance control element (310) is arranged at least partially external to the movable element (58) and / or the second resistance contains a zero resistance. [18] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of claims 1 to 5, 7 to 13 and 15 to 17, wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a first positioning structure which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position. [19] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 18, wherein the movable element (58) includes a second positioning structure which holds the resistance control element (310) in at least the first position and the second position. [20] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of claims 1, 3 to 9 and 11 to 19, wherein the resistance control element (310) comprises a control lever (330), wherein in particular the resistance control element (310) further comprises a cam (326), and the control lever (330) is coupled with respect to the cam (326). [21] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 20, wherein the control lever (330) is arranged at a laterally inward surface of the movable element (58) or a laterally outward surface of the movable element (58). [22] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance-inducing element (106) comprises a one-way coupling (178) and a friction-inducing element (218), causing resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction. [23] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 22, wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes frictional resistance with respect to the one-way coupling (178). [24] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 23, wherein the one-way coupling (178) comprises an inner element (170b) and an outer element (226), wherein the inner element (170b) is arranged radially inside the outer element (226), wherein one of the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) rotates with the chain guide (66), and wherein the friction-inducing element (218) causes the frictional resistance with respect to the other under the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226). [25] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the friction-generating element (218) includes a spring element. [26] Bicycle derailleur. (30) according to claim 25, wherein the spring element extends circumferentially along the other side of the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) and has a movable end section, and wherein the resistance control element (310) engages with the movable end section. [27] Bicycle derailleur (30)' according to one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the one-way coupling (178) includes a roller or cylinder coupling. [28] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 27, wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a first cam (326) which actuates the friction-inducing element (218) to effect the frictional resistance with respect to the one-way clutch (178). [29] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 28, wherein the resistance control element (310) further comprises a different second cam (314) which selects an initial position of the friction-generating element (218). [30] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the chain guide (66) is selectively coupled with respect to the resistance-inducing element (106) by the pivot shaft (170), wherein the pivot shaft (170) is decoupled or becomes decoupled from the resistance-inducing element (106) when the resistance control element (310) is in the first position, and wherein the pivot shaft (170) is coupled with respect to the resistance-inducing element (106) when the resistance control element (310) is in the second position. [31] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 30, depending on one of claims 3, 11, 15, 14 or 26, wherein the pivot shaft (170) is detachably coupled with respect to the one-way coupling (178) or the inner element (170b). [32] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 30 or 31, depending on one of claims 3, 11, 15, 14 or 26, wherein the pivot shaft (170) is arranged radially inside the inner element (170b). [33] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to any one of claims 30 to 32, depending on any one of claims 3, 11, 15, 14 or 26, wherein the pivot shaft (170) comprises a first section (170a) and a second section (170b), wherein the first section (170a) is coupled to the chain guide (66) and wherein the second section (170b) is arranged radially inside the inner element (170b). [34] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 33, in which the second section (170b) of the swivel shaft (170) is detachably coupled with respect to the inner element (170b). [35] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the first section (170a) of the swivel shaft (170) is detachably coupled to the second section (170b) of the swivel shaft (170). [36] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 35, wherein the first section (170a) of the swivel shaft (170) includes a projection or a recess engaging with respect to a complementary recess or a complementary projection on the second section (170b) of the swivel shaft (170). [37] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance-generating element (106), which causes resistance with respect to rotational movement of the chain guide (66) in a predetermined direction, comprises: a one-way coupling (178), wherein the one-way coupling (178) contains: an inner element (170b); an outer element (226); a plurality of rollers (230) arranged between the inner element (170b) and the outer element (226); and a roller retainer (234) which retains the plurality of rollers (230); and wherein the resistance control element (310) includes a locking element which locks the roller retainer (234) in a selected rotational position with respect to the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226); [38] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 37, wherein the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) has a cam surface, and wherein the locking element locks the roller retainer (234) in a selected rotational position with respect to the inner element (170b) or the outer element (226) which has the cam surface. [39] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to claim 37 or 38, wherein the locking element includes a projection or recess, engageable or standing with respect to a complementary recess or projection on the inner element (170b), the outer element (226) or the roller retainer (234). [40] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to one of claims 37 to 39, wherein the locking element includes a release element which satisfies one or more of the following conditions: -movably coupled with reference to at least one under the inner element (170b), the outer element (226) or the roller retainer (234) -movably coupled with reference to the inner element (170b), the outer element (226) and the roller retainer (234); - movably coupled with reference to the roller retainer (234) - containing a projecting element, in particular one or more of the following conditions apply: a) the projecting element is supported or held by one under the inner element (170b), the outer element (226) or the roller retainer (234), in particular by the outer element (226); b) the projecting element engages and / or enters into engagement with respect to a recess in the roller retainer (234) for locking the roller retainer (234) in a selected rotational position with respect to the outer element (226); and c) the projecting element is biased towards the roller retainer (234). [41] Bicycle derailleur (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and 16 to 40, if not dependent on claim 15, wherein at least one of the resistances under the first or the second resistance is between 2 Nm and 15 Nm, in particular between 3.5 Nm and 5.4 Nm.

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