Endoscopic video setup

Abstract

Endoscopic arrangement (10) with a first distal end (12) at which an imaging device (14) is arranged and a first proximal end (16) for connection to a power supply unit (18), in particular an electrical unit, with a data transmission element (20) which is designed as an impedance-controlled line in the form of a twisted two-wire line and has a second distal end (22) and a second proximal end (24), wherein the imaging device (14) has at least two data outputs (32, 34) each with a digital output signal (36, 38), and wherein a first signal converter (40) is arranged between the imaging device (14) and the data transmission element (20), which is configured such that the digital output signals (36, 38) are combined to form a digital combined output signal (42),wherein a second signal converter (46) is connected to the second proximal end (24) of the data transmission element (20), which is configured to split a digital combined output signal (42') into at least two digital output signals (36', 38').

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an endoscopic arrangement having a first distal end at which an imaging device is arranged and a first proximal end for connection to a supply unit with a data transmission element having a second distal end and a second proximal end, and with a signal converter which is designed to convert digital data generated by the imaging device into a signal and to couple it into the data transmission element at its second distal end in order to couple the digital signal into the data transmission element.

[0002] Such an endoscopic arrangement is known from DE 199 47 811 C2.

[0003] In endoscopic systems, particularly endoscopes and video-assisted endoscopic units, there is a constant need for systems with better resolution, especially high resolution, and color fidelity. This is known to affect endoscopic cameras, which are often coupled to rigid endoscopes on the proximal side. As will be explained later, the invention is particularly dedicated to flexible or rigid video endoscopes or video instruments that carry imaging devices at their tip. In addition to medical applications, video-assisted endoscopic units are also used in various technical fields, such as pipe inspection, engine inspection, or motor inspection, etc.

[0004] Despite all efforts, the prior art designs still experience problems with high- or ultra-high-resolution image sensors in connection with image transmission when using thin-caliber diameters with endoscopic transmission lengths that vary depending on the endoscopic application. Endoscopic cameras and video endoscopes in particular require transmission systems that are as thin-caliber and lightweight as possible, including cables that allow for a wide range of possible cable lengths. To date, no small-caliber video endoscope with a so-called full HD resolution in the range of two million pixels exists. While endoscopic cameras with full HD resolution do exist, the cable diameters are relatively large and heavy, making them unwieldy for endosurgical use.

[0005] State-of-the-art endoscopic systems with distal or proximal electronic image recording systems use complex and expensive cable systems to transmit image information from the endoscope to a control unit located remotely from the patient, as well as to transmit control information and electrical power from the control unit to the image recording system. The goal of increasing image resolution is to provide physicians with the most natural, high-resolution endoscopic image possible for their intervention. The direct consequence of the increased pixel count of image sensors is ever-increasing signal transmission frequencies. To reduce signal attenuation at higher transmission frequencies and increase the effective bandwidth, larger cable diameters are required. In addition to the increase in weight, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) also poses a greater problem.

[0006] With video endoscopes, there is also the problem that increasing the cable diameter is not possible, as this would result in an increase in the overall diameter or a reduction in the diameter of other necessary endoscopic components such as suction channels, light guides, etc.

[0007] Another requirement for endoscopic cameras and video endoscopes is that the cable systems on the endoscope should have an easily removable connection for cleaning and sterilization purposes. Since image pickup systems are used frequently, the cable systems are considered consumables and must be easy to repair or replace. Since the systems have a complex multi-wire structure, the cable system and its connections represent a significant cost component of the overall system. Therefore, reducing the initial cost of the cable system is also a goal.

[0008] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved endoscopic arrangement which overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages, in particular has a small diameter and is cost-effective.

[0009] The object is achieved by an endoscopic arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset, wherein the imaging device has at least two data outputs, each with a digital output signal, due to the high image resolution, and a first signal converter is arranged between the imaging device and the data transmission element, which first signal converter is designed to combine the digital output signals to form a digital combined output signal and to couple this into the data transmission element, wherein the latter represents a twisted multi-wire line in the form of a twisted two-wire line (“twisted pair cable”) and a second signal converter is connected to the second proximal end of the data transmission element, which second signal converter is designed to divide a digital combined output signal into at least two digital output signals.

[0010] A special feature of the invention is that the digital data from at least two data outputs can be transmitted almost simultaneously without requiring multiple parallel lines. To achieve this, the digital output signals are sent to the signal converter in a parallel arrangement, where they are combined to form a combined digital output signal. In a preferred embodiment, the digital output signals are serialized using a multiplexer.

[0011] The output signals of the imaging device should be understood as serial signals. If a data output already has parallel output signals that transmit image data, the individual signals of the parallel signals are again understood as serial signals. The term "parallel" should be understood in particular to mean that multiple output signals can simultaneously carry useful data with image information.

[0012] The imaging device is an image sensor with at least two data outputs, i.e. outputs for data and timing information, or at least two image sensors, each with at least one data output, i.e. output with a combined data / clock signal. In the first case, it can be an image sensor that has an image area which is divided into at least two sub-areas for reading out the image data, the information from each of which is sent via its own data output with a combined data and clock signal. However, it can also be an image sensor that has a first data output with a pure data signal and a second data output with a clock signal. In the second case, it can in particular be at least two image sensors with separate image areas, each image sensor having at least one data output with a combined data / clock signal.

[0013] The imaging device preferably has a lens, or a lens is preferably associated with the imaging device. The signal converter is preferably designed such that signals can be sent and received bidirectionally from and to the imaging device. This makes it easy to simultaneously use the data transmission element for transmitting control signals toward the imaging device.

[0014] An output signal or data signal should generally be considered a signal that contains image data originating from the image sensor. However, the output signal need not be limited to pure image data, but can also contain timing information or other data that describes the image data. It is considered advantageous if the data outputs of the imaging device are each designed to be differential. The resulting parallel differential signals are then preferably combined upstream of the data transmission element or viewed as parallel output signals that are combined by the signal converter into the one digital combined output signal. This one combined output signal is preferably also designed to be differential.

[0015] The invention enables a variety of advantages, including the small distal-side size and the very small diameter of the data transmission element at high data rates, especially of more than 1 Gbit / s. Furthermore, the design of the data transmission element as a twisted-pair cable results in only low EMC emissions over the entire cable length.

[0016] With regard to the first signal converter, it is preferred that it comprise an encoder and a multiplexer, which generates a combined digital output signal with a higher clock rate and without a DC component from the multiple digital output signals of the imaging unit. In particular, 8B / 10B coding can be used for this purpose, in which a 10-bit word is assigned to each 8-bit word in such a way that common-mode rejection is achieved. The multiplexer preferably operates according to the time-division multiplexing method, with both synchronous and asynchronous operation being possible.

[0017] The inventive design also enables particularly simple recovery of the original signals that were transmitted to the first signal converter. The fact that the digital combined output signal is also referred to on the proximal side should be understood to mean that the signal, even if it is no longer the same physical signal due to the signal conversions, still contains the same information as the distal-side digital combined output signal. A demultiplexer is preferably used as the second signal converter.

[0018] In this further embodiment of the invention, the imaging unit is equipped, for example, with a so-called Quad HD image sensor with over 8 megapixels and 8 digital data outputs. The data and timing information from the 8 data outputs is combined into 2 output signals via 2 signal converters. These signals can then be transmitted via 2 twisted-pair cables with a small overall diameter. This makes it possible to transmit Quad HD video streams greater than 1 gigabit / sec using transmission systems with the smallest endoscopic diameters.

[0019] The supply unit is preferably an electrical unit or a camera control unit that supplies the distal electronics with electricity, controls the imaging device and further processes the image information.

[0020] This completely solves the problem.

[0021] In an advantageous embodiment, the signal converter has a buffer memory which is designed to temporarily store at least one of the digital output signals, preferably all digital output signals.

[0022] This embodiment offers particularly high flexibility with regard to processing the multiple output signals. In particular, this enables the data rate during transmission via the data transmission element to be higher, preferably significantly higher, and in particular to be at least twice the data rate of an output signal from a data output of the imaging device. It is preferred that the buffer memory be selected to be large enough to buffer at least the information of one image pixel, preferably at least one row of pixels, and particularly preferably at least one complete image, as can be output from the corresponding data output. This makes it possible to combine the digital combined output signal pixel by pixel, line by line, or image by image.Since very high data rates can be transmitted via the data transmission element, it is easily possible, for example, to transmit the image information of four image areas at four times the data rate via the data transmission element almost simultaneously.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the imaging device has a video resolution of more than 0.75 megapixels, preferably more than 1.5 megapixels, particularly preferably more than 2 megapixels and in particular more than 8 megapixels.

[0024] This configuration is advantageous because even large amounts of image data can be easily transmitted using the endoscopic arrangement. The term "video resolution" refers in particular to a resolution at which at least 15 images per second, preferably at least 25 images per second, and particularly preferably at least 30 images per second are transmitted.

[0025] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the data transmission element has a separation point at the first proximal end of the endoscopic arrangement, which is designed to enable the endoscopic arrangement to be separated from a proximal-side supply unit.

[0026] This design allows for particularly easy interchangeability of the endoscopic assembly. If the separation point is located in the data transmission element, the separation point can be implemented particularly easily if the transmission elements within the data transmission element are coaxial. This allows the endoscopic assembly to be rotated relative to the proximal supply unit. This results in particularly good usability.

[0027] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the imaging device is designed to transmit the output signals according to the MIPI D-PHY or MIPI M-PHY specification.

[0028] This design utilizes a device-internal, serial standard transmission format from the mobile communications sector, which, however, is only defined for short cable lengths of less than 30 cm and is therefore previously unknown in endoscopy. Since the proposed endoscopic arrangement uses a twisted-pair cable as the data transmission element, the transmission length can be achieved due to the low attenuation, and this advantageous standard can now surprisingly be used in endoscopy. The use of this standard also enables the use of a variety of cost-effective image sensors, thus eliminating the need for expensive proprietary image sensors. The MIPI M-PHY specification is a similar upcoming standard that will find its way into the mobile communications sector.

[0029] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the twisted two-wire cable transmits the electrical energy from the proximal side of the device to the tip of the endoscope to supply, for example, the imaging device and the signal converter.

[0030] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the twisted pair transmits control signals from the proximal side of the device to the tip of the endoscope, e.g., for controlling or initializing the imaging device. Preferably, I 2 C-Bus signals are used.

[0031] Endoscopic devices, as shown, can primarily be implemented as flexible or rigid video endoscopes or video catheters that carry the imaging unit in the distal region. However, they can also be endoscopic cameras coupled to conventional endoscopes, which are designed to be lightweight and compact in their distal part.

[0032] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the endoscopic arrangement is part of an endoscopic video camera for examining hollow organs or cavities. The data transmission element is designed as a hybrid cable, which serves as a twisted-pair cable for data transmission and as an electrical supply line for the power supply and for transmitting low-frequency control signals.

[0033] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the endoscopic arrangement is part of a video endoscope, wherein a connector system is integrated in the data transmission element, whereby it is possible, for example, to disconnect the signal line at the endoscope handle or on the distal side near the image sensor or on the proximal side at a connector system, for example for cleaning purposes.

[0034] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the endoscopic arrangement is detachably arranged on an endoscope body.

[0035] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the endoscopic arrangement is part of a laryngoscope, in particular a disposable laryngoscope, wherein the data transmission element leads into a handle of the laryngoscope and there, in addition to the second signal converter, a data compressor and a wireless transmitter (wireless transmitter, for example WIFI, WHDI, WirelessHD, UWB, WiGig, etc.), which enables wireless communication of the image data to the supply unit or to a monitor, are integrated.

[0036] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the endoscopic arrangement is integrated into a rigid or flexible endoscope, wherein the data transmission element extends into the proximal endoscope handle, wherein the second signal converter, a data compressor and a wireless transmitter (WIFI) are arranged in the endoscope handle.

[0037] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. They show: Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an endoscopic arrangement; Fig. 2 a second embodiment of an endoscopic arrangement; Fig. 3a shows a first embodiment of an imaging device; Fig. 3b shows a second embodiment of an imaging device; Fig. 3c shows a third embodiment of an imaging device;

[0039] Fig. Figure 1 shows an endoscopic assembly 10 with a first distal end 12, at which an imaging device 14 is arranged, and a first proximal end 16 for connection to a supply unit in the form of an electrical unit 18. The assembly 10 also has a data transmission element 20, which is designed as a twisted-pair cable with two twisted individual wires. The data transmission element 20 has a second distal end 22 and a second proximal end 24.

[0040] The data transmission element 20 preferably has a length of at least 1 m, particularly preferably at least 3 m, and in particular at least 5 m. In this first embodiment, the data transmission element 20 is configured as a twisted pair cable. The imaging device 14 is configured here to transmit the digital output signals 36, 38 according to the MIPI D-PHY or MIPI M-PHY specification. The same specification applies to the signals 36', 38'.

[0041] The imaging device 14 has at least two data outputs 32, 34, each with a digital output signal 36, 38. In other words, the data outputs 32, 34 are each configured to output a digital output signal 36, 38. The first signal converter 40, which is embodied here as a multiplexer, is arranged downstream of the imaging device 14.

[0042] The first signal converter 40 is designed to combine the digital output signals 36, 38 into a digital combined output signal 42.

[0043] The imaging device 14 has a video resolution of more than 0.75 megapixels, preferably more than 1.5 megapixels, particularly preferably more than 2 megapixels and in particular more than 3 megapixels at a frame rate of preferably at least 15 frames per second, particularly preferably at least 25 frames per second and in particular at least 30 frames per second.

[0044] Connected to the second proximal end 24 of the data transmission element 20 is a second signal converter 46 configured to split the combined digital output signal 42' into at least two digital output signals 36', 38'. It should be noted that the second signal converter 46 may be integrated into the electrical unit 18.

[0045] The labeling of the signals in 36 and 36', 38 and 38' or 42 indicates that although it does not have to be physically the same signal due to the intermediate steps in signal transmission, the information sent distally is contained in the information received proximally.

[0046] The imaging device 14 is assigned an optical arrangement 50, which provides an optical path with an optical axis 52 for light incident on the distal side to the imaging device 14. The optical arrangement 50 here has a biconvex lens 54 and a prism 56. In this exemplary embodiment, the endoscopic arrangement 10, including the second signal converter 46, which is a demultiplexer in this case, is connected to the electrical unit 18 via an electrical connector 60. As indicated in the figure, the connection is detachable. This makes it easy to exchange the endoscopic arrangement 10 for another arrangement.

[0047] Also shown is an electrical supply line 62 which supplies power to the distal and proximal electrical components.

[0048] Fig. Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of an endoscopic arrangement 10. The explanations of the mode of operation already provided with regard to the first embodiment will not be repeated here and also apply to this and the subsequent figures. For the sake of clarity, not all reference numerals are shown. Rather, the reference numerals introduced in the explanation of the first embodiment also apply to this and the subsequent figures.

[0049] In contrast to Fig. 1, the endoscopic assembly 10 in the second embodiment is surrounded by a casing 63. The casing 63 protects the endoscopic assembly from external influences, in particular from moisture.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first signal converter 40 has a buffer memory 64 designed to temporarily store at least one of the digital output signals 36, 38—here, both digital output signals 36, 38. This allows the combined digital output signal 42 to be combined particularly flexibly.

[0051] In the second embodiment, the data transmission element 20 comprises a twisted pair cable with two twisted individual lines 66. The first signal converter 40 is configured to couple the digital combined output signal 42 into the lines 66 of a data transmission element 20.

[0052] Fig. 3a shows a first embodiment of an imaging device 14. An image sensor 70 with a continuous image area is shown, but a first part 72 and a second part 74 of the image area are read out separately via the data outputs 32 and 34. Fig. 3b shows a second embodiment of an imaging device 14. Here, two image sensors 70 are present, each of which is read out via a data output 32 or 34.

[0053] Fig. 3c shows a third embodiment of an imaging device 14. Here, four image sensors 70 are arranged, each of which is read out via a data output 32, 33, 34 or 35.

Claims

[1] Endoscopic arrangement (10) with a first distal end (12) at which an imaging device (14) is arranged, and a first proximal end (16) for connection to a supply unit (18), in particular an electrical unit, with a data transmission element (20) which is designed as an impedance-controlled line in the form of a twisted two-wire line and has a second distal end (22) and a second proximal end (24), wherein the imaging device (14) has at least two data outputs (32, 34), each with a digital output signal (36, 38), and wherein a first signal converter (40) is arranged between the imaging device (14) and the data transmission element (20), which is designed such that the digital output signals (36, 38) are combined to form a digital combined output signal (42),wherein a second signal converter (46) is connected to the second proximal end (24) of the data transmission element (20), which second signal converter is designed to divide a digital combined output signal (42') into at least two digital output signals (36', 38'). [2] Endoscopic arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the first signal converter (40) has a buffer memory (64) which is designed to temporarily store at least one of the digital output signals (36, 38), preferably all digital output signals. [3] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the imaging device (14) has a video resolution of more than 0.75 megapixels, preferably more than 1.5 megapixels, particularly preferably more than 2 megapixels and in particular more than 8 megapixels. [4] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the imaging device (14) has a quad HD image sensor with a video resolution of more than 8 megapixels and at least 4 data outputs, the data or timing signals of which are combined via 2 first signal converters into 2 digital combined output signals and are transmitted via 2 twisted-pair two-wire lines as a data transmission element (20). [5] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data transmission element (20) at the first proximal end (14) of the endoscopic arrangement (10) has a separation point which is designed to enable the endoscopic arrangement (10) to be separated from or rotatably coupled to the proximal-side supply unit (18). [6] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the imaging device (14) is designed to transmit the digital output signals (36, 38, 36', 38') according to the MIPI D-PHY or MIPI M-PHY specification. [7] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second signal converter (46) can be coupled to the supply unit (18) via an electrical connector (60). [8] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical power supply is led to the tip via the twisted two-wire cable. [9] Endoscopic arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein control signals are additionally transmitted to the tip of the endoscope via the twisted two-wire cable.

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