Action sequence

Abstract

Working arrangement for working dough pieces (8), a) with a knitting drum device (10) comprising i) a knitting drum (12) rotatable about a knitting axis of rotation (13), b) with an endless knitting belt (11) which can be driven in a knitting belt rotation direction (15) and which runs in a knitting drum circumferential section (24) partially around an outer shell wall of the knitting drum (12), c) with a working path (w) defined by the working drum circumferential section (24) for working at least one dough piece (8) along the working path (w) between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11) during a working time (t) by relative movements between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11), and d) with a relative drive of the knitting drum (12) to the endless knitting belt (11), wherein the relative drive is designed such that a number of working movements taking place along the working path (w) between the knitting drum (12) and the endless knitting belt (11) for knitting the at least one dough piece (8) can be specified, wherein the number of working movements is at least 2.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a working arrangement for shaping dough pieces and a system for producing shaped dough pieces, wherein the arrangement comprises such a working arrangement. The invention also relates to a method for shaping dough pieces.

[0002] The process of shaping dough pieces or dough is generally known from the prior art. Shaping generally results in an increase in pore size, which benefits the stability of the dough. Furthermore, carbon dioxide produced during fermentation can escape from the dough, and new oxygen can be incorporated.

[0003] It is known to use shaping drum arrangements for shaping dough, in which an outer shaping drum rotates relative to an inner shaping drum. The outer shaping drum contains receptacles, radially delimited by the inner shaping drum, which hold the dough pieces to be shaped. A disadvantage of these known shaping drum arrangements is that their shaping result is not always optimal. Furthermore, their construction is often complex.

[0004] DE 620 395 B discloses forming devices with two pieces of dough positioned between counter-bearing surfaces or the like, which move relative to each other to generate a forming path. A resulting movement imparted to a piece of dough is composed of two rectilinear component movements lying in the same plane of motion and forming an angle with each other. Two endless conveying elements can be selected as counter-bearing surfaces. A forming drum arrangement and a cover belt can be used accordingly. These forming devices have the disadvantage of being complex in design and often not producing a good forming result.

[0005] From EP 1 306 009 B1, a rounding machine is known which comprises one or more rounding chambers and a rounding belt arranged to cover them. By means of first drive means, rounding chambers can be moved or transported along an eccentrically or spirally extending path in a surface or plane parallel to the rounding belt. During a rounding process, a conveying motion for dough pieces on the rounding belt is maintained. This rounding machine is also complex. Its rounding result is repeatedly unsatisfactory.

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the objective of providing a shaping device for dough pieces that is capable of achieving a particularly good shaping result. Furthermore, the shaping device should be extremely reliable, simple in design, and suitable for mass production. A corresponding system for producing shaped dough pieces is also to be provided. The invention also aims to provide an extremely reliable and simple method for shaping dough pieces with which a particularly good shaping result can be achieved. The method should also be suitable for mass production.

[0007] This problem is solved according to the invention by the features specified in claims 1, 14 and 15. The core of the invention lies in the fact that relative movements can be generated between the knitting drum and the endless knitting belt, which lead to working movements taking place along the working path between the knitting drum and the endless knitting belt.

[0008] The working movements act on the at least one dough piece, preferably located in at least one working chamber.

[0009] It is advantageous if the working movements can be predefined by a control device, preferably of an electrical, preferably electronic, type. Advantageously, the working movements depend on the weight, at least one dimension, and / or the density or recipe of the at least one dough piece to be processed. Advantageously, the number of working movements is at most 5.

[0010] Preferably, the at least one dough piece to be processed passes through the processing arrangement.

[0011] In particular, at least one of the dough pieces is an elongated baguette dough piece.

[0012] It is advantageous if, at the first contact of at least one dough piece with the kneading drum, the rotational speed of the kneading drum is zero or essentially zero.

[0013] It is advantageous if the working arrangement has different operating modes for working the at least one dough piece.

[0014] Preferably, the knitting drum is rotatably mounted in a bearing device about its central axis. It is advantageous if the knitting drum can be driven to rotate in different directions of rotation or circumferential rotation. The knitting drum is preferably designed as a solid or hollow cylinder. An outer surface or wall of the knitting drum preferably forms a working area. Preferably, the working area of ​​the knitting drum is free of recesses, pockets, indentations, or the like.

[0015] It is advantageous if the continuous webbing is flexible. Ideally, the continuous webbing is guided around several deflection elements, such as pulleys. Ideally, the tension of the continuous webbing is adjustable.

[0016] It is advantageous if the circular section of the knitting drum extends over a circumferential angle range between 45° and 270°, preferably between 90° and 180°.

[0017] Advantageously, there are at most two dough pieces in the circular section of the forming drum at any one time during the forming process. If two dough pieces are present in the circular section of the forming drum simultaneously, it is preferred that the first dough piece leaves the circular section when the second dough piece enters. The dough pieces are preferably always spaced apart from each other in the circular section of the forming drum and do not come into contact with each other. Preferably, exactly one dough piece is located in exactly one forming chamber at any given time.

[0018] It is advantageous if the entry and exit points of an action order are different from each other or geographically separated.

[0019] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0020] The operating arrangement according to dependent claim 2 is extremely simple. A complicated control system or a complex belt drive device is not required.

[0021] The drive device for the continuous belt according to dependent claim 3 is advantageously designed as an electric motor or electric drive. It advantageously comprises at least one drive roller for driving the continuous belt. The at least one drive roller is preferably in direct or indirect drive connection with the continuous belt. It is advantageous if the continuous belt is guided section by section around and bears against the at least one drive roller.

[0022] According to dependent claim 4, the working arrangement comprises a warp drum drive device for rotating the warp drum. The warp drum drive device is advantageously designed as an electric motor or electric drive. It is advantageously in direct or indirect drive connection with the warp drum.

[0023] The operating arrangement according to dependent claim 5 allows, for example, targeted, independent actuation of the respective drive unit. The tape drive unit and the tape drum drive unit are advantageously different from one another. They are preferably arranged at a distance from each other.

[0024] The embodiment according to dependent claim 6 leads to particularly good shaping of the at least one dough piece. It is advantageous if the first shaping drum rotation direction is present at least at the shaping arrangement inlet and is essentially in the same direction as the rotation direction of the continuous shaping belt. It is also advantageous if the first shaping drum rotation direction is present at least at the shaping arrangement outlet and is essentially in the same direction as the rotation direction of the continuous shaping belt. The second shaping drum rotation direction is advantageously located between the shaping arrangement inlet and outlet.

[0025] According to subclaim 8, the rotational speed of the winding drum over time is preferably triangular. The circumferential amplitudes and / or periods are preferably constant.

[0026] According to dependent claim 9, the rotational speed of the winding drum is preferably harmonic or sinusoidal over time. The circumferential amplitudes and / or periods are preferably constant.

[0027] The design according to dependent claims 10 to 12 allows the working arrangement to be adjusted particularly well to the at least one dough piece to be treated. Advantageously, a period duration can be preset.

[0028] The design according to dependent claim 13 determines the maximum length of the dough piece. The at least one dough piece limiting projection forms a stop for the dough piece. It is preferably arranged at the edge of the forming drum and is closed in the direction of rotation. It is advantageous if two dough piece limiting projections are present to limit the length of the dough piece on both sides.

[0029] A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a plant for the production of knitted dough pieces, which also includes a knitting arrangement according to the invention; Fig. 2 a distance-time diagram, which shows one operating mode of the in Fig. The working arrangement shown in 1 illustrates this; and Fig. 3 a velocity-time diagram showing different possible operating modes of the in Fig. The working arrangement shown in 1 is illustrated.

[0030] Firstly, referring to Fig. 1, a system for producing knitted dough pieces 1 comprises a dough feed belt 2, which is driven continuously and preferably discontinuously. The dough feed belt 2 is guided around deflectors. At a downstream transfer section 3 of the dough feed belt 2, there is a deflector 4, which is designed, for example, as a deflection roller or deflection beam. On the dough feed belt 2, dough 53, which is preferably in the form of a continuous dough band, is conveyed in a feed direction 5 to the transfer section 3, preferably in a timed manner. Other dough feeding methods can be used alternatively.

[0031] The system for producing shaped dough pieces 1 has a cutting device 6 with a vertically movable weighing blade 7 at the transfer area 3 above the dough feed belt 2. The weighing blade 7 preferably extends perpendicular to the feed direction 5. By means of the cutting device 6, the dough 53 arranged on the dough feed belt 2 can be divided into individual raw dough pieces or dough pieces 8, which are rectangular, in particular square, in cross-section.

[0032] The system for producing shaped dough pieces 1 also includes a shaping unit 9, which is arranged downstream of the dough feed belt 2. The shaping unit 9 receives the raw dough pieces 8 cut from the dough 53 in the transfer area 3 in order to shape or knead them.

[0033] The working arrangement 9 comprises a knitting drum device 10 and an endless knitting belt 11.

[0034] The knitting drum device 10, in turn, has a knitting drum 12 which can be rotated about a horizontally extending central axis 13. The knitting drum 12 is rotatably mounted in a corresponding bearing device (not shown). For the rotary drive of the knitting drum 12, the knitting drum device 10 has a knitting drum drive unit 14, which is in direct or indirect drive connection with the knitting drum 12. The knitting drum drive unit 14 is capable of driving the knitting drum 12 about the central axis 13 in both a first direction of rotation 29 and a second direction of rotation 41 opposite to the first direction of rotation 29. The central axis 13 thus forms an axis of rotation.

[0035] The endless working belt 11 is flexible or deformable. During operation, it is driven at a constant rotational speed and with a constant direction of rotation 15.

[0036] The continuous knitting belt 11 is guided around its circumference. At the transfer area 3, a first knitting belt deflection roller 16 is located below the dough feed belt 2. This roller is rotatable about a first horizontal axis of rotation 17. Downstream of the knitting drum 12, a support table 18 is arranged, which carries or supports the continuous knitting belt 11. The support table 18 runs horizontally or is slightly inclined relative to the horizontal. Downstream of the support table 18, a second knitting belt deflection roller 19 is arranged, which is rotatable about a second horizontal axis of rotation 20. Downstream of the second knitting belt deflection roller 19, a knitting belt tensioning device is arranged, comprising a tensioning roller 22 that is rotatable about a third horizontal axis of rotation 21 and can be displaced perpendicular to its axis of rotation 21 to change the tension of the continuous knitting belt 11. Downstream of the tension roller 22, a knitting belt drive device is arranged, which includes a rotatable knitting belt drive roller 23.

[0037] The continuous knitting belt 11 is guided around the first knitting belt deflection roller 16 and lies flat against the outer surface of the knitting drum 12 via a knitting drum circumferential section 24. The knitting drum circumferential section 24 extends over an angular range b, which here is approximately 140°. It defines a knitting path w. Within the knitting drum circumferential section 24, a raw dough piece 8 can be actively processed in a respective knitting chamber 25. The continuous knitting belt 11 runs on the support table 18, where it is then deflected at one end 26 of the support table 18 facing away from the knitting drum 12 and runs to the second knitting belt deflection roller 19. The continuous knitting belt 11 runs around the second knitting belt deflection roller 19. It is then guided around the tension roller 22. It then rotates around the warp drive roller 23. The warp drive roller 23 ensures a uniform movement of the endless warp belt 11 in the warp belt rotation direction 15 during operation.

[0038] The forming assembly 9 has an upper dough piece forming assembly inlet 27 at the transfer area 3 and a lower dough piece forming assembly outlet 28, which is located downstream of the dough piece forming assembly inlet 27 in the first forming drum rotation direction 29, adjacent to the support table 18. The forming chamber(s) 25 is / are spatially limited by the forming drum 12 and the endless forming belt 11. It is / are thus limited on both sides in the radial direction with respect to the central axis 13.

[0039] The raw dough pieces 8 fall from the dough feed belt 2 onto the stationary forming drum 12 in the transfer area 3 of the machine. The forming drum 12 is then accelerated by the forming drum drive unit 14 into the first forming drum rotation direction 29, which according to Fig. 1 corresponds to a clockwise direction and, in the case of the circular section 24 of the circular drum, essentially corresponds to the circular direction 15 of the circular belt. The raw dough pieces 8 are thus conveyed towards the dough piece circular arrangement exit 28. The continuous circular belt 11 is driven continuously in the circular direction 15 at a constant circular belt speed by the continuous circular belt drive roller 23.

[0040] The raw dough pieces 8 enter the forming drum circumferential section 24 from above via the dough piece forming arrangement inlet 27. Upon entering the forming drum circumferential section 24, the forming drum 12 and the continuous forming belt 11 have an identical or substantially identical rotational speed. The raw dough pieces 8 are thus conveyed towards the dough piece forming arrangement outlet 28. The raw dough piece 8 lifts the continuous forming belt 11 from the forming drum 12 in the area of ​​the raw dough piece 8, forming the forming chamber 25. In the forming chamber 25, the raw dough piece 8 rests against the forming drum 12 and the opposite section of the continuous forming belt 11. In the shaping chamber 25, the raw dough piece 8 is shaped by relative movements between the shaping drum 12 and the endless shaping belt 11. The shaping movements are caused by the shaping drum 12 and the endless shaping belt 11.

[0041] After traveling a certain distance w and a certain duration t, the formed dough pieces 1 leave the forming assembly 9 via the dough piece exit 28. The formed, rod-like dough pieces 1 are circular in diameter and preferably taper towards their ends. The length of the raw dough pieces 8 has essentially doubled due to the forming process, with their maximum length being determined by circumferential, radially projecting, edge-side dough piece limiting projections 52 on the forming drum 12. The formed dough pieces 1 are then transported away on the continuous forming belt 11 along the support table 18.

[0042] In Fig. Figure 2 shows the relationship between the path w and time t for the movement of the knitting drum 12 and the endless knitting belt 11. The path of the endless knitting belt 11 is assigned the reference symbol 30, while the path of the knitting drum 12 is assigned the reference symbol 31. The path 30 of the endless knitting belt 11 is a straight line rising. The path of the knitting drum 12 is a curve that rises sinusoidally and runs almost uniformly around the path 30 of the endless knitting belt 11. Both paths 30 and 31 originate at the origin 32.

[0043] At the origin 32, the raw dough piece 8 enters the knitting chamber 25. Up to a first intersection 33 between the path 31 of the knitting drum 12 and the path 30 of the endless knitting belt 11, the knitting drum 12 has a rotational speed in the first direction 29 that is greater than the rotational speed of the endless knitting belt 11. The knitting drum 12 thus covers a greater distance than the endless knitting belt 11 at this point. There is therefore a relative motion between the knitting drum 12 and the endless knitting belt 11.

[0044] From the first intersection point 33 to a second intersection point 34 between the path line 31 of the knitting drum 12 and the path line 30 of the endless knitting belt 11, the rotational speed of the knitting drum 12 is lower than the rotational speed of the endless knitting belt 11. The knitting drum 12 thus covers a smaller path than the endless knitting belt 11 at this point. Therefore, there is relative motion between the knitting drum 12 and the endless knitting belt 11.

[0045] From the second intersection point 34 to a third intersection point 35 between the path line 31 of the knitting drum 12 and the path line 30 of the endless knitting belt 11, the rotational speed of the knitting drum 12 is greater than the rotational speed of the endless knitting belt 11. The knitting drum 12 thus covers a larger path than the endless knitting belt 11 at this point. Therefore, there is relative motion between the knitting drum 12 and the endless knitting belt 11.

[0046] The dough piece 1 is preferably discharged from the circular section 24 of the kneading drum via the dough piece kneading arrangement exit 28 at the intersection point 34 or 35. A total of 2 kneading movements occur up to intersection point 34. A total of 3 kneading movements occur up to intersection point 35.

[0047] In Fig. Figure 3 shows the relationships between the rotational speed v and the time t for various possible movements of the knitting drum 12 and the endless knitting belt 11. The knitting drum 12 can be operated in different modes. In the first mode, the rotational speed line of the knitting drum 12 is assigned reference numeral 36, while in the second mode, the rotational speed line of the knitting drum 12 is assigned reference numeral 37, and in the third mode, the rotational speed line of the knitting drum 12 is assigned reference numeral 38.

[0048] The diagram also shows a standstill line 39, which passes through the zero point of the rotational velocity.

[0049] The reference symbol 40 is assigned to the rotational velocity line of the continuous belt 11. The rotational velocity line 40 of the continuous belt 11 is a straight line that is neither rising nor falling. It runs parallel to and above the standstill line 39. The rotational velocity line 40 thus shows the constant rotational velocity of the continuous belt 11 in the belt rotation direction 15.

[0050] The orbital velocity lines 36 and 37 of the warping drum 12 are sinusoidal and therefore differentiable along their path. The orbital velocity line 38 of the warping drum 12 is triangular and therefore not differentiable along its path. According to the orbital velocity lines 36 to 38 of the warping drum 12, the circumferential amplitudes 46, 47, and 48 are identical. According to the orbital velocity lines 36 to 38 of the warping drum 12, the period durations 49, 50, and 51 are each identical.

[0051] The rotational speed lines 36 to 38 of the knitting drum 12 intersect both the standstill line 39 and the rotational speed line 40 of the endless knitting belt 11. The rotational speed line 36 corresponds essentially to the one in Fig. 2 operating modes shown.

[0052] The rotational speed lines 36 to 38 of the knitting drum 12 are offset upwards relative to the standstill line 39, so that the knitting drum 12 rotates faster in the first knitting drum rotation direction 29 than in the second knitting drum rotation direction 41, and the knitting drum 12 travels a further distance in the first knitting drum rotation direction 29 than in the second knitting drum rotation direction 41. Below the standstill line 39, the knitting drum 12 rotates about the central axis 13 in the opposite direction to the first knitting drum rotation direction 29, back into the second knitting drum rotation direction 41, while above the standstill line 39, the knitting drum 12 rotates about the central axis 13 in the first knitting drum rotation direction 29.

[0053] The rotational speed line 40 of the endless knitting belt 11 intersects the rotational speed lines 36 to 38 of the knitting drum 12 at their midpoint. Above the rotational speed line 40 of the endless knitting belt 11, the knitting drum 12 is ahead of, or faster than, the endless knitting belt 11, while below the rotational speed line 40 of the endless knitting belt 11, the knitting drum 12 is lagging behind, or slower than, the endless knitting belt 11.

[0054] According to the orbital velocity line 36, the circumferential amplitude 46 is smaller than that of the orbital velocity line 37. According to the orbital velocity line 36, the period 49 is larger than that of the orbital velocity line 37.

[0055] According to the rotational speed line 36 of the knitting drum 12, it intersects the standstill line 39 at point 42. There, the raw dough piece 8 is transferred onto the knitting drum 12. The rotational speed of the knitting drum 12 then increases until point 43, where it reaches its maximum IUGm1. At this point, it is greater than the rotational speed of the continuous knitting belt 11. Subsequently, the rotational speed of the knitting drum 12 is reduced until point 44, where it reaches its minimum IUGm2. At point 44, the rotational speed of the knitting drum 12 is less than that of the continuous knitting belt 11. It is negative at this point. The knitting drum 12 is therefore rotating in the second direction 41 of rotation. The magnitude of the speed IUGm2 is smaller, preferably significantly smaller, than the magnitude of the speed IUGm1.The rotational speed of the forming drum 12 is then increased again to a point 45, at which its rotational speed equals the rotational speed of the continuous forming belt 11. At this point, the formed dough piece 1 is discharged from the forming assembly 9 after two forming movements. The raw dough piece 8 is thus rotated in the forming chamber 25 in a first direction and a second, opposing direction. Alternatively, more than two forming movements can be performed. These descriptions apply analogously to operating modes 37 and 38.

Claims

[1] Working arrangement for working dough pieces (8), a) with a knitting drum device (10) comprising i) a knitting drum (12) rotatable about a knitting axis of rotation (13), b) with an endless knitting belt (11) which can be driven in a knitting belt rotation direction (15) and which runs in a knitting drum circumferential section (24) partially around an outer shell wall of the knitting drum (12), c) with a working path (w) defined by the working drum circumferential section (24) for working at least one dough piece (8) along the working path (w) between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11) during a working time (t) by relative movements between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11), and d) with a relative drive of the knitting drum (12) to the endless knitting belt (11), wherein the relative drive is designed such that a number of working movements taking place along the working path (w) between the knitting drum (12) and the endless knitting belt (11) for knitting the at least one dough piece (8) can be specified, wherein the number of working movements is at least 2. [2] Working arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by , that the endless active belt (11) has a constant active belt rotation speed at least during a passage along the active path (w). [3] Working arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a tape drive unit (23) for driving the endless tape (11). [4] Working arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a knitting drum drive device (14) for rotating the knitting drum (12). [5] Working arrangement according to claims 3 and 4, characterized by, that the knitting belt drive unit (23) and the knitting drum drive unit (14) are independent of each other. [6] Working arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by , that the knitting drum drive device (14) drives the knitting drum (12) such that it rotates along the knitting path (w) in a first knitting drum rotation direction (29) and a second knitting drum rotation direction (41) opposite to this, wherein preferably the knitting drum (12) rotates further along the knitting path (w) in the first knitting drum rotation direction (29) during the knitting of the at least one dough piece (8), in particular by at least 10% further, than in the second knitting drum rotation direction (41). [7] Working arrangement according to claim 6, characterized by, that the knitting drum (12) has a maximum first knitting drum rotation speed (IUGm1) in the first knitting drum rotation direction (29) and a maximum second knitting drum rotation speed (IUGm2) in the second knitting drum rotation direction (41), wherein: |IUGm2| < |IUGm1|, in particular 1.5 ≤ |IUGm1| / |IUGm2| ≤ 7, more preferably 2 ≤ |IUGm1| / |IUGm2| ≤ 6. [8] Operational arrangement according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized by , that the knitting drum drive device (14) drives the knitting drum (12) in an operating mode such that the knitting drum rotational speed of the knitting drum (12) is not continuously differentiable over its course, wherein preferably the knitting drum (12) has a constant acceleration at least temporarily in this operating mode. [9] Operational arrangement according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized by, that the knitting drum drive device (14) drives the knitting drum (12) in a different operating mode such that a knitting drum rotation speed of the knitting drum (12) is continuously differentiable over its course, wherein preferably the knitting drum (12) has a changing acceleration at least temporarily in this operating mode. [10] Operational arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least a circumferential amplitude (46, 47, 48) of the action movements along the action path (w) can be specified. [11] Operational arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a speed of the relative movement between the knitting drum (12) and the endless knitting belt (11) can be specified. [12] Operational arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that an acceleration of the relative motion between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11) can be specified. [13] Operational arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the working drum (12) has at least one radially projecting dough piece limiting projection (52) to limit the maximum longitudinal extent of the dough piece (8). [14] Plant for the production of kneaded dough pieces (1), comprising a) a cutting device (6) for cutting dough pieces (8) from dough (53), and b) an operating arrangement (9) downstream of the cutting device (6) according to one of the preceding claims. [15] Method for shaping dough pieces (8), comprising the steps - Providing a knitting drum device (10) which has -- a working drum (12) rotatable about a working axis (13), - Providing an endless knitting belt (11) that can be driven in a knitting belt rotation direction (15) and that runs in a knitting drum circumferential section (24) around the knitting drum (12) in certain areas, - Defining by the circular section (24) of the knitting drum of a working path (w) for working at least one dough piece (8) along the working path (w) between the knitting drum (12) and the endless knitting belt (11) during a working time (t) by relative movements between the knitting drum (12) and the endless knitting belt (11), and - Specifying a number of working movements taking place along the working path (w) between the working drum (12) and the endless working belt (11) for working the at least one dough piece (8) by means of a relative drive of the working drum (12) to the endless working belt (11), wherein the number of working movements is at least 2.

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