Pressure vessel, motor vehicle and method for producing a pressure vessel

Abstract

Pressure vessel (5) with a wall (10) which forms at least a first side (11) and a second side (12), comprising - several deflection elements (20, 25), - several first bands (31) and several second bands (32), and - a plurality of tension struts (40, 45), wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) are arranged in the first side (11) and in the second side (12), wherein in the first side (11) the first bands (31) and the second bands (32) each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements (20, 25), wherein in the second side (12) the first bands (31) and the second bands (32) each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements (20, 25), wherein, seen along a longitudinal direction of at least one deflection element (20, 25), first bands (31) and second bands (32) alternate, and wherein the tension struts (40, 45) alternately comprise a deflection element of the first side (11) and a deflection element of the second side (12).

Description

[0001] The technology disclosed here relates to a pressure vessel having a wall, a motor vehicle having such a pressure vessel and a method for producing a pressure vessel.

[0002] Pressure vessels are typically used to store gaseous fuel in motor vehicles or other mobile or stationary units. As motor vehicles are increasingly designed for innovative drive concepts, such as battery-electric vehicles or fuel cell-powered vehicles, there is a growing desire to appropriately utilize existing installation space in motor vehicles in order to achieve particularly good space utilization for the storage of gaseous fuel when designed as fuel cell-powered or gas-powered vehicles. In particular, a space beneath a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle is considered for this purpose. This space typically has a relatively large horizontal dimension but is comparatively flat.While conventional pressure vessels with a round cross-section can be accommodated, they require the use of numerous pressure tanks, which can impair space utilization. Documents DE 10 2020 101 165 A1 and DE 10 2020 113 996 A1 represent the state of the art.

[0003] It is a preferred object of the technology disclosed here to reduce or eliminate at least one disadvantage of a previously known solution or to propose an alternative solution. In particular, it is a preferred object of the technology disclosed here to provide a pressure vessel that is particularly suitable for a flat installation space and / or is particularly easy to manufacture. Further preferred objects can arise from the advantageous effects of the technology disclosed here. The objects are achieved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims. The dependent claims represent preferred embodiments.

[0004] The technology disclosed here relates to a pressure vessel having a wall forming at least a first side and a second side, comprising (i) a plurality of deflection elements, (ii) a plurality of first bands and a plurality of second bands, and (iii) a plurality of tension struts. The deflection elements are arranged in the first side and in the second side. In the first side, the first bands and the second bands each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements. In the second side, the first bands and the second bands each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements. Viewed along a longitudinal direction of at least one deflection element, the first bands and the second bands alternate. The tension struts alternately comprise a deflection element of the first side and a deflection element of the second side.

[0005] Such a pressure vessel advantageously allows for the formation of walls that can be particularly flat and thus adapt to a flat installation space. Tension struts can absorb forces between these walls, allowing high internal pressure to be withstood without requiring particularly thick walls. Such a pressure vessel allows advantageous adaptation to a flat installation space, such as the space beneath the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.

[0006] The deflection elements are, in particular, elements that stabilize a particular side. This allows them to absorb any forces acting on them and, moreover, they can be braced against the other side via the tension struts. The first and second straps typically provide stability, particularly in a surface or plane of a particular side, and fix the deflection elements against each other. They, too, can absorb corresponding forces. The tension struts typically serve to brace two sides against each other and thereby absorb forces generated within the pressure vessel due to the high internal pressure. This means that wall thicknesses can be achieved, even on flat sides, which are significantly lower than those that would be required without the tension struts to withstand the resulting pressure.

[0007] By enclosing is meant in particular that a band or a tension strut runs past one side, for example along a circumference of approximately half a cross-section or slightly less. By alternating enclosing can be understood, for example, when the pressure vessel is aligned such that the side lies in a horizontal or at least approximately horizontal plane, that the top and bottom are always alternately enclosed. In particular, enclosing at the top can always immediately follow enclosing at the bottom. This applies both along the bands, which in particular alternately enclose the deflection elements at the top and bottom, and for the tension struts, which in particular always enclose a deflection element at the top, then pass through the interior of the vessel and then enclose a deflection element at the bottom.They can then, in particular, extend back to a deflection element encompassing the top side. The tension struts, in particular, always alternate between a deflection element on the first side and a deflection element on the second side.

[0008] The stated education may refer to the entire first page and / or the entire second page. However, it may also refer to only part of it, or at least the majority of it.

[0009] The deflection elements can, in particular, be made of a non-flexible material. For example, they can be made of metal or a material of comparable strength. They can also be made of steel. A mixture of different materials can also be used. This has proven advantageous for typical applications, as the deflection elements provide additional stability to the respective side.

[0010] The first bands can in particular be continuous from the first side to the second side. Likewise, the second bands in particular can be continuous from the first side to the second side. This can in particular be done on a short side of the pressure vessel, so that, for example, a first band is present on both the first side and the second side and a section which connects the first side and the second side runs along a short side or another side of the pressure vessel. Alternatively, however, separate first bands and second bands can also be used for the first side and the second side, so that there is no continuous band between the first side and the second side. These designs can also be combined with one another.

[0011] The bands can be made, in particular, of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and / or glass fiber. Such materials have proven advantageous for typical applications. They can also be combined with each other, for example, within a single band or by using bands made of different materials. However, other materials are also possible in principle.

[0012] The tension struts can be made, in particular, of aramid fiber material and / or carbon fiber material. Such materials have proven advantageous for typical applications, particularly due to their particularly high tensile strength. These materials can be used individually or combined with each other, for example, within a single tension strut or by using tension struts made of different materials. However, other materials can also be used.

[0013] The deflection elements can be arranged parallel to one another, particularly on the first side. The deflection elements can also be arranged parallel to one another on the second side. This corresponds to a simple design, which is also well suited for absorbing pressure. The deflection elements can, in particular, be straight. However, a curved design is also possible in principle. The deflection elements can, in particular, each have a constant cross-section.

[0014] The first side and the second side can, in particular, be aligned parallel to each other. This can apply to a predominant part or even the entire part of the respective side. This allows for adaptation to an installation space delimited at the top and bottom by parallel plates or similar elements. In principle, however, the first side and the second side can also be designed at an angle to each other.

[0015] In particular, it can be provided that, viewed along a longitudinal direction of each deflection element, first bands and second bands alternately encompass each other. This results in a particularly uniform overall design. In principle, however, individual deviations from the specified alternating design of the encompassing are also possible without this leading to a deviation from the technology disclosed here.

[0016] In particular, circumferential layers can be arranged on the belts on the outside of the deflection elements. These circumferential layers can be additional layers, which in particular ensure mechanical stability. The circumferential layers can in particular be aligned in a cross-layer pattern. This can mean in particular that circumferential layers extending in a first direction and circumferential layers extending in a second direction are aligned at an angle of 90° to one another in a direction transverse to a typical extension of the tension struts. For example, the circumferential layers can extend in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction of a motor vehicle if the pressure vessel is installed in a motor vehicle in a typical installation situation. However, other designs are also possible here.

[0017] A liner can be arranged inside the deflection elements and the belts. The liner can serve, in particular, to prevent the escape of stored gaseous fuel. It can thus ensure particularly high levels of tightness.

[0018] The deflection elements can, in particular, have an elliptical cross-section. The cross-section can be constant, especially for the respective deflection element. This allows for particularly good adaptation to the surrounding belts. However, other cross-sections, such as circular cross-sections, can also be used in principle. In particular, sharp-edged elements in the cross-section can be omitted to avoid damage to the belts.

[0019] The technology disclosed here further relates to a motor vehicle comprising a pressure vessel as described herein. With regard to the pressure vessel, all embodiments and variants described herein may be used.

[0020] The technology disclosed here further relates to a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel having a first side and a second side, comprising the following steps: - spreading in opposite directions a first set of first bands and second bands, and simultaneously spreading in opposite directions a second set of first bands and second bands, - Inserting a deflection element between the first belts and the second belts of the first set, - moving at least one tension strut so that it encompasses the deflection element, - Inserting a further deflection element between the first belts and the second belts of the second set, - moving the at least one tension strut so that it encompasses the further deflection element, - repeating the preceding steps several times, wherein the bands are spread in opposite directions and wherein the first side is formed by means of the bands of the first set and wherein the second side is formed by means of the bands of the second set.

[0021] A pressure vessel can be advantageously manufactured using such a method. In particular, it can be a pressure vessel according to the technology disclosed here, as described herein. With regard to such a pressure vessel, all described embodiments and variants can be used. All statements made with reference to a pressure vessel apply accordingly to the method. The same applies in reverse.

[0022] By opposing spreading of a first set of first belts and second belts is meant in particular that the first belts are moved in a first direction and the second belts are moved in a second direction. For example, the first belts can be moved upwards and the second belts downwards. Typically, they have at least approximately a common starting line from which they are spread, so that a conical shape of the first belts and the second belts can result in a side view. The same applies to the belts of the second set. The deflection elements are typically introduced into spread sections of the belts, so that by subsequently opposing spreading of the respective belts, the respective deflection element is enclosed as already described above.

[0023] In this context, opposite spreading of the bands is understood to mean, in particular, that the bands are spread in the opposite direction to the previous execution of the aforementioned steps. For example, if during one pass the first bands are spread upward and the second bands are spread downward, in the subsequent pass the first bands are spread downward and the second bands are spread upward. In the subsequent pass, the first bands can again be spread upward and the second bands can be spread downward.

[0024] To carry out the method, a winding core can be used, which advantageously has recesses for securing the deflection elements. This allows the deflection elements to be advantageously fixed directly to the winding core while the method is being carried out. This allows for reliable and simple positioning.

[0025] The winding core can in particular be designed in two parts. During the process, in particular, one end section of the winding core can initially not be attached as seen in the direction of progressive production and can only be attached after the first side and the second side have been formed. Thus, the division into two parts can in particular relate to the separability of this end section. In principle, more than two elements can also be used, which can still be regarded as two-part with regard to the functionality relevant here. The two-part design makes it easier in particular for the bands to be spread and / or the tension struts to be guided back and forth between the sides, so that an advantageous formation of the aforementioned sides can take place.For this purpose, in particular an upper central recess and a lower central recess can be formed in the winding core, which facilitate the guidance of bands and tension struts during the production of the first side and the second side.

[0026] After forming the first and second sides, peripheral layers can be applied to the outside. These can provide additional stability. They can also form sides, especially shorter sides, between the first and second sides, as well as corresponding corners, so that an interior space of the pressure vessel is enclosed there as well. Regarding the possible formation of peripheral layers, please refer to the description given above.

[0027] The winding core can be dissolved, especially after the process is completed. This can be done, for example, with a winding core that is soluble in water or another solvent. This can prevent unnecessary later retention of the winding core, which could, for example, lead to increased weight and / or reduced usable volume. In principle, however, the winding core can also be retained, in which case it can also provide additional stability, for example.

[0028] After forming the first and second sides and / or applying peripheral layers, a liner can be inserted. This can be done, in particular, after removing a winding core. The liner can, for example, be a liquid liner, meaning it is introduced as a fluid and distributed inside the pressure vessel by targeted movement. It then hardens and fulfills its intended function.

[0029] In particular, at least one additional tension strut can be used, which is moved in the opposite direction to the tension strut, so that the tension strut and the additional tension strut encompass the deflection elements and the additional deflection elements in opposite directions. This allows for more even bracing of the sides against each other. In particular, multiple tension struts and additional tension struts can be used, so that the functionality of the bracing can be achieved over a wide range.

[0030] The pressure vessel can be used in particular for motor vehicles (e.g., passenger cars, motorcycles, commercial vehicles). The pressure vessel serves in particular for storing fuel that is gaseous under ambient conditions. The pressure vessel can be used, for example, in a motor vehicle that is powered by compressed natural gas (also called CNG) or liquefied natural gas (also called LNG) or hydrogen. The pressure vessel can, in particular, be fluidly connected to at least one energy converter designed to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into other forms of energy.

[0031] The pressure vessel can be designed, in particular, as a composite overwrapped pressure vessel. The pressure vessel can be designed, in particular, as a cryogenic pressure vessel or as a high-pressure gas vessel. High-pressure gas vessels are designed to permanently store fuel at ambient temperatures at a nominal operating pressure (also called nominal working pressure or NWP) of at least 350 barg (= overpressure compared to atmospheric pressure) or at least 700 barg. A cryogenic pressure vessel is suitable for storing the fuel at the aforementioned operating pressures even at temperatures that are significantly (for example, more than 50 K or more than 100 K) below the operating temperature of the motor vehicle.

[0032] A liner can be made of a metal, a metal alloy, or a plastic. The fuel is stored in the liner, and the liner is generally responsible for the tightness of the pressure vessel. If, for example, hydrogen is stored, the liner is generally designed to prevent hydrogen permeation. The liner can also serve as a wound or braided core. A metallic design can be designed to be load-bearing or, like a polymer liner, non-load-bearing. The liner contour is usually chosen to be as thin as possible, since the strength of the fiber-reinforced layer is significantly higher, allowing a thinner overall wall thickness to be achieved. For example, the maximum wall thickness of the liner can be less than 30 mm, preferably less than 10 mm or 5 mm. In particular, the wall thickness can be less than 5 mm. For example, it can be at least 2 mm and / or at most 3 mm.However, it is also possible to construct linerless pressure vessels using the technology disclosed here.

[0033] In other words, a pressure vessel, in particular, can be designed to have a flat construction (as opposed to the conventional cylindrical design) due to tension struts inside the vessel. The vessel can, in particular, have one, several, or all of the following features: The top and bottom of the container can contain a woven structure into which the deflection elements are woven. The woven structure can, in particular, be designed in an x ​​and y plane. During the weaving process, additional tension struts can be introduced into the container, which can be oriented in the z direction and can connect the top and bottom of the container. The tension struts can be designed as continuous fibers in each row and can be deflected at the deflection elements. The tension struts can primarily have the function of absorbing the forces of the internal pressure load in the container in the z direction. In consecutive rows of struts, the deflection can be arranged offset in each row to ensure homogeneous load absorption.The ends of the respective fiber ends of the strut rows can be fixed to the outside of the container in a form-fitting manner (e.g., by knotting), a material-fitting manner (e.g., by gluing), or a force-fitting manner (e.g., by clamping). A load-adapted design of the container in the x- and y-directions can, for example, be achieved using circumferential layers that are wrapped around the container in the x- and y-directions outside the woven structure. A liner layer can be located inside to ensure the container's sealing. The tension struts, in particular, can penetrate the liner, which is why a tight connection at these points or through a material bond should be ensured. To apply the woven structure, a two-part core concept, for example, is used. The wound core replicates the rough contour of the container and contains grooves that facilitate the precise positioning of the deflection elements during the manufacturing process.The wound core can, for example, be designed as a loss core so that it can be removed again after the container has been manufactured. This can be achieved, for example, by using a water-soluble or fusible material for the wound core. The corners can be stabilized, for example, by additional circumferential layers around the container. Another option would be to incorporate fiber patches that are wound into the circumferential layers of the cover layers. Furthermore, for a stress-resistant design, it would be conceivable to design the corners of the woven core with particular strength. At least one opening for filling and removing gaseous fuel is typically provided. The opening can, for example, be located at a corner or on a long side of the container.

[0034] A manufacturing process can, for example, be divided into the following steps: 1. Manufacturing the winding core 2. Construction of the weave structure in x- and y-direction including the tension bracing in z-direction 3. Applying the circumferential layers in x and y directions 4. Introduction or curing of the matrix material of the peripheral layers 5. Insertion of a liner.

[0035] The two-part winding core, for example, serves as the basis for the construction of the woven structure, including tension struts. The winding core can be made of plastic, for example, and produced using an injection molding process or additive manufacturing. The winding core can be designed in two parts, especially for the construction method, so that the woven structure can be incorporated. The last end face is typically connected to the base core at the end of the weaving process. The rounded side surfaces typically serve to gently deposit the rovings for the woven structure. The notches or grooves in the top and bottom serve to precisely accommodate and fix the deflections during the process.

[0036] The design of a system for producing a tension-braced pressure tank, for example, is based on the principle of a weaving system. Here, the warp threads run through two shafts equipped with healds. The mutual displacement of the shafts in the z-direction creates a shed opening, which can be described as the main feature of the weaving process. Two shafts are required, with each shaft accommodating two roving webs (top and bottom). Deflection elements are inserted into this shed opening to accommodate the tension bracing. Ideally, these elements have an elliptical shape to minimize undulation of the cover layer, which may consist of carbon fibers, for example. The tension struts are typically inserted between the roving webs by a translational movement and pulled into position by a retraction mechanism.In order to provide each deflection with tension struts, two mechanisms are typically provided here that start in opposite directions and thus introduce tension struts on each deflection.

[0037] In preparation for the weaving process, a roll of carbon roving of sufficient length can be wound up for each roving web of a cover layer. The wound rolls can be placed in a row and secured. Using a focus, the roving webs can be kept at a specific distance regardless of the roll dimensions. This spacing is typically provided to create sufficient space for the strut insertion. To create the shed opening necessary for the weaving process, the roving webs are typically guided through the eyes or healds of the shafts. For example, the roving webs are always threaded alternately through shaft 1 or shaft 2. With the help of a focus, both a parallel orientation of the roving webs in the area of ​​the shafts and the spacing for the strut insertion is ensured.A focus ultimately adjusts the spacing between the roving webs to the desired width of the pressure vessel. At the winding core, the roving webs typically wrap around the end face and travel backward through the production line to the shafts. The incoming roving webs are secured at the clamp to prevent the rolls from unwinding. Weights on the returning roving webs can maintain constant tension.

[0038] One option for inserting tension struts is to provide two strut insertions. These can be positioned opposite each other like the shafts and move in opposite directions. The material (e.g., aramid) for the tension struts can be stored in rolls, for example, one of which runs between two roving strands of the woven structure. The open design of the winding core allows the tension struts to be inserted from the outside via a translational travel path. The insertion takes place in four steps, for example, as shown here using one of the two insertions (the process for the second insertion is in the opposite direction): 1. Lowering the rollers 2. Pull back and fix the tension strut at the top and insert the deflection 3. Lowering the rollers 4. Pull back and fix the tension strut at the top and insert the deflection.

[0039] After the woven structure has been applied, the peripheral layers can be applied to the container using a conventional winding process. The 0° and 90° layers can be applied alternately to create a uniform layer structure. The corners can be reinforced, for example, with a reinforcing element in the winding core and / or with fiber patches wrapped between the 0° and 90° layers. Alternatively, instead of fiber patches at the ends, additional layers can be applied around the container's z-axis to reinforce the corners.

[0040] Pre-impregnated carbon fibers, or so-called prepregs or towpregs, can be used to introduce a matrix material into the circumferential layers. The matrix material is typically already present on the outer surface of the fiber. After application, the matrix material would then be cured in a heat chamber (if necessary layer by layer). Another option is to introduce the matrix using a wet winding process. In this case, the fiber is drawn through a resin bath, which represents the matrix material, immediately before application. A heat treatment may also be necessary to ensure final curing of the matrix material. If necessary, the heat treatment is also carried out stepwise. If the winding core is designed as a loss core, it can then be removed.

[0041] The liner typically forms the innermost layer of the vessel. The liner ensures the tightness of the pressure vessel and can form a permeation barrier for the pressure medium. The liner can be subsequently integrated into the vessel, for example, through a rotational or centrifugal molding process. Plastics are preferred materials, but thermosets or thermoplastics can also be used. A preferred material could be a polyamide-based thermoplastic.

[0042] The technology disclosed here will now be described using the figures. They show: Fig. 1: a part of a pressure vessel in a sectional view, Fig. 2: a section of a wall, Fig. 3: a top view of the pressure vessel, Fig. 4: a cross-sectional view of the pressure vessel, Fig. 5: a winding core, Fig. 6: a pressure vessel at a later stage of production, and Fig. 7: a device for producing a pressure vessel.

[0043] Fig. Figure 1 shows a purely schematic view of part of a pressure vessel 5 in a perspective cross-sectional view. This view also shows part of an interior space 7 of the pressure vessel 5, which is later used to store gaseous fuel. The pressure vessel 5 has a wall 10, which is partially formed in the view shown. Also visible is a winding core 80, in which recesses 85 are located, the use of which is described in more detail below. This is therefore a view taken during a manufacturing process.

[0044] The wall 10 has, in particular, a first side 11 and a second side 12. In this case, the first side 11 is at the top, and the second side 12 is at the bottom. The sides 11, 12 are parallel to each other and flat, allowing for easy installation in a complementary installation space, such as a flat underbody space of a motor vehicle. The mechanisms described below are used to absorb the forces acting in this case.

[0045] The first side 11 contains several deflection elements 20. The second side 12 contains several further deflection elements 25. These are designed as metal rods with an elliptical cross-section. Details are given in Fig. 2, which shows an excerpt from Fig. 1 and other elements.

[0046] As in both Fig. 1 as well as in Fig. 2, the deflection elements 20, 25 are encompassed by first bands 31 and second bands 32. Each first band 31 alternately encompasses the top and bottom, running between immediately adjacent deflection elements 20, 25. The same applies to the second bands 32, which are arranged offset from the first bands 31, as shown. This stabilizes the first side 11 and the second side 12. Furthermore, tension struts 40 and further tension struts 45 are arranged, which alternately encompass a deflection element 20 of the first side 11 and a further deflection element 25 of the second side 12. This braces the two sides 11, 12 against one another, thus neutralizing outwardly acting forces. The wall 10 can therefore be made significantly thinner than would be possible without the tension struts 40, 45.

[0047] The deflection elements 20, 25 are located in the recesses 85 of the winding core, as shown. This fixes their position during the manufacturing process.

[0048] As in Fig. As can be seen further in Figure 2, a liner 50 is located inside the wall 10. This liner is designed to prevent a gas stored in the interior 7 from escaping. For example, it is impermeable to the permeation of hydrogen, natural gas, or other gaseous fuels. Located outside the wall 10 are circumferential layers 60, which provide additional stability and will be discussed in more detail below.

[0049] Fig. Figure 3 shows a top view of the pressure vessel 5 after the first side 11 has been completely formed. It can be seen that the bands 31, 32 surround the winding core 80 laterally and extend to the second side 12. This achieves continuous stability. On the left side, Fig. 3 fiber ends 47 of the tension struts 40, 45 can be seen, which are fastened in a suitable manner.

[0050] Along the Fig. 3 drawn line AA shows Fig. 4 is a sectional view. It can be seen that the tension struts 40, 45 run between the first side 11 and the second side 12 and brace the two sides 11, 12 against each other. In this case, they are perpendicular to the extensions of the sides 11, 12.

[0051] Fig. Figure 5 shows the winding core 80 in a separate illustration. It can be seen that it is formed in two parts, namely with a main section 81 and an end section 82. The end section 82 is removable from the main section 81 and is typically left removed during the wrapping of the deflection elements 20, 25 with bands 31, 32 and tension struts 40, 45. Only after the formation of the sides 11, 12 is the end section 82 applied to the main section 81, so that the winding core 80 is complete. Then, for example, in Fig. 3. This leaves space in the middle for the spreading and appropriate guidance of straps 31, 32 and tension struts 40, 45.

[0052] Fig. 6 shows a later state after production of the Fig. 3. Additional peripheral layers 60 are applied, namely first peripheral layers 61 in the x-direction, second peripheral layers 62 crosswise thereto in the y-direction, and peripheral layers 63 on the short sides, which encompass the winding core 80. This allows stability to be further increased.

[0053] Fig. Figure 7 shows an apparatus 100 for performing a method described herein. The illustration is purely schematic and limited to a primarily functional representation of the elements.

[0054] The device can be considered as an independent aspect of the invention.

[0055] A first clamping element 110 is provided for holding a tension strut 40, and a second clamping element 115 is provided for holding another tension strut 45. The tension struts 40, 45 already run around schematically shown deflection elements 20, 25 and are then deflected by guides 140, 145 for the tension struts 40, 45. Finally, they run over three deflection rollers 150 to supply rollers 170, with weights 160 suspended between them to tension the tension struts 40, 45.

[0056] The guides 140, 145 of the tension struts 40, 45 can be moved vertically. This allows, after the respective insertion of a deflection element 20, 25, which is transverse to the plane of the paper from Fig. 7, the two tension struts 40, 45 are spread in opposite directions in order to encompass the newly introduced deflection elements 20, 25 on the outside. To facilitate the insertion of the deflection elements 20, 25, the tension struts 40, 45 additionally run around positioning elements 142, 147, which are Fig. 7 can be moved vertically to the left in order to leave more space for the insertion of the deflection elements 20, 25.

[0057] It should be noted that the tension struts 40, 45 are shown here only individually, but that in a practical arrangement there are several such tension struts 40, 45 one behind the other, with the additional tension struts 40, 45 in the side view of Fig. 7 are not visible because they are covered by the tension struts 40, 45 shown.

[0058] Furthermore, first bands 31 and second bands 32 are present, of which only the band 31, 32 arranged furthest to the viewer is shown in Fig. 7. These are also tensioned by weights 160. For this purpose, they are also deflected by deflection rollers 150.

[0059] The first belts 31 and second belts 32 run around the left side of the winding core 80 shown. They thus form both the second side 12 located at the bottom and the first side 11 located at the top. They are guided by guides 131, 132 of the belts 31, 32, which guides 131, 132 are vertically movable. On the bottom side of the winding core 80, they form a second set of belts 31, 32, and on the top side of the winding core 80, they form a first set of belts 31, 32.

[0060] The guides 131, 132 spread the belts 31, 32 in opposite directions, as shown. After inserting a respective deflection element 20 and another deflection element 25, the former being attached to the top of the winding core 80 and the latter to the bottom of the winding core 80, the guides 131, 132 of the belts 31, 32 are moved in opposite directions, so that they are spread in the opposite direction. This ensures that each newly inserted deflection element 20, 25 is encompassed by a respective belt 31, 32 on both the top and bottom. This simultaneously causes the tension struts 40, 45 to move as already described.

[0061] The shown bands 31, 32 as well as the tension struts 40, 45 are basically guided by two guides 120, 125 not shown in detail, which in particular ensure the orientation in a direction transverse to the plane of the paper from Fig.7. Before transitioning to a supply roll 170, the belts 31, 32 are guided by a further guide 127.

[0062] For the sake of readability, the term "at least one" has been partially omitted. If a feature of the technology disclosed here is described in the singular or indefinitely (e.g., the pressure vessel, the belt, etc.), the plural form is also intended to be disclosed (e.g., the at least one pressure vessel, the at least one belt, etc.).

[0063] The foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention and its equivalents. List of reference symbols 5 pressure vessels 7 Interior 10 wall 11 first page 12 second page 20, 25 deflection elements 31, 32 bands 40, 45 tension struts 47 fiber ends 50 liners 60 circumferential layers 61, 62, 63 circumferential layers 80 core 81 Main section 82 final section 85 recesses 100 device 110, 115 clamping elements 120, 125, 127 tours 131, 132 Guides of the belts 140, 145 Guides of the tension struts 142, 147 Positioning elements 150 pulleys 160 weights 170 supply rolls

Claims

[1] Pressure vessel (5) with a wall (10) forming at least a first side (11) and a second side (12), comprising - several deflection elements (20, 25), - several first bands (31) and several second bands (32), and - a plurality of tension struts (40, 45), wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) are arranged in the first side (11) and in the second side (12), wherein in the first side (11) the first bands (31) and the second bands (32) each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements (20, 25), wherein in the second side (12) the first bands (31) and the second bands (32) each alternately comprise immediately adjacent deflection elements (20, 25), wherein, seen along a longitudinal direction of at least one deflection element (20, 25), first bands (31) and second bands (32) alternate, and wherein the tension struts (40, 45) alternately comprise a deflection element of the first side (11) and a deflection element of the second side (12). [2] Pressure vessel (5) according to claim 1, wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) are formed entirely or partially from metal and / or steel. [3] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first bands (31) are continuous from the first side (11) to the second side (12), and / or wherein the second bands (32) are continuous from the first side (11) to the second side (12). [4] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bands (31, 32) are formed from carbon fiber material, aramid fiber material and / or glass fiber material. [5] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tension struts (40, 45) are formed from aramid fiber material and / or carbon fiber material. [6] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) in the first side (11) are arranged parallel to one another, and wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) in the second side (12) are arranged parallel to one another. [7] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) are straight. [8] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first side (11) and the second side (12) are aligned parallel to each other. [9] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, viewed along a longitudinal direction of each deflection element (20, 25), first bands (31) and second bands (32) alternately comprise. [10] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein circumferential layers (60) are arranged on the outside of the deflection elements (20, 25) and the bands (31, 32). [11] Pressure vessel (5) according to claim 10, wherein the peripheral layers (60) are aligned in a cross-layer manner. [12] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a liner (50) is arranged inside the deflection elements (20, 25) and the belts (31, 32). [13] Pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the deflection elements (20, 25) have an elliptical cross-section. [14] Motor vehicle, comprising a pressure vessel (5) according to one of the preceding claims. [15] Method for producing a pressure vessel (5) having a first side (11) and a second side (12), comprising the following steps: - spreading in opposite directions a first set of first bands (31) and second bands (32), and simultaneously spreading in opposite directions a second set of first bands (31) and second bands (32), - inserting a deflection element (20, 25) between the first belts (31) and the second belts (32) of the first set, - moving at least one tension strut (40, 45) so that it encompasses the deflection element (20, 25), - inserting a further deflection element (20, 25) between the first belts (31) and the second belts (32) of the second set, - moving the at least one tension strut (40, 45) so that it encompasses the further deflection element (20, 25), - repeating the preceding steps several times, wherein the bands (31, 32) are each spread in opposite directions and wherein the first side (11) is formed by means of the bands (31, 32) of the first set and wherein the second side (12) is formed by means of the bands (31, 32) of the second set. [16] Method according to claim 15, wherein a winding core (80) is used which has recesses (85) for fixing the deflection elements (20, 25). [17] Method according to claim 16, wherein the winding core (80) is formed in two parts, and wherein during the method an end section (82) of the winding core (18) is initially not attached, seen in the direction of progressive production, and is only attached after the formation of the first side (11) and the second side (12). [18] Method according to one of claims 16 or 17, wherein the winding core (80) is dissolved after completion of the method. [19] Method according to one of claims 15 to 18, wherein after formation of the first side (11) and the second side (12), peripheral layers (60) are applied on the outside. [20] Method according to one of claims 15 to 19, wherein a liner (50) is introduced after formation of the first side (11) and the second side (12) and / or after application of peripheral layers (60). [21] Method according to one of claims 15 to 20, wherein at least one further tension strut (45) is used, which is moved in the opposite direction to the tension strut (40), so that the tension strut (40) and the further tension strut (45) encompass the deflection elements (20) and the further deflection elements (25) in opposite directions.

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