Attachment, motor vehicle, method for assembling two components and assembly system

Abstract

The invention relates to an attachment (1) for mounting on an attachment point (2) of a motor vehicle (3), comprising a main region (4) and a secondary region (5) with a receiving cavity (7) extending along a cavity axis (6) for engaging a support end region (8) of a support device (9) of an assembly aid device (10) for holding the attachment (1), wherein the receiving cavity (7) has an insertion opening (11) for inserting the support end region (8) and a base region (12) for contacting a contact region (13) of the support end region (8), wherein the receiving cavity (7) has an increasing diameter in the base region (12) along the cavity axis (6) towards the insertion opening (11). The receiving cavity (7) has a securing region (14) between the insertion opening (11) and the base region (12), wherein the base region (12) has a greater increase in diameter towards the insertion opening (11) than the securing region (14).The invention further relates to a motor vehicle (3), a method for mounting an attachment (1) on an attachment point (2) of a motor vehicle (3) and a mounting system (18).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an add-on part, in particular a spring strut, for mounting on a mounting point of a motor vehicle, in particular a spring strut mount of a body of the motor vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a generic mounting point, in particular a spring strut mount, a method for mounting an add-on part, in particular a spring strut, on a mounting point, in particular a spring strut mount, of a motor vehicle, and a mounting system for mounting an add-on part, in particular a spring strut, on a mounting point of a motor vehicle, in particular a spring strut mount.

[0002] To dampen mechanical shocks and compensate for uneven road surfaces, motor vehicles have multiple suspension struts, each of which is mounted on a strut mount of the vehicle's body and secured to the strut mount, particularly via a screw connection. Thus, suspension struts form a component of the vehicle's axle system.

[0003] When installing a strut on a vehicle body, precise alignment of the strut to the strut mount is of utmost importance. Assembly is usually performed manually, with additional centering devices ensuring the alignment of the strut to the strut mount. For example, precisely fitting mounting holes, centering pins, or similar devices are used to ensure correct alignment of the strut to the strut mount.

[0004] DE 10 2018 211 525 A1 discloses a suspension strut system comprising a strut mount and a strut with a strut bearing. The strut mount is designed to accommodate the strut. The strut bearing has an alignment device for aligning the strut to the strut mount during assembly. For this purpose, the alignment device comprises, for example, a centering pin with a conical tip, which can be inserted into a bore in the strut mount. The centering pin also has a shaft portion with an external thread for securing the strut to the strut mount using a nut. Various attachments and centering devices are known from the documents DE 693 17 554 T2, EP 2 030 877 A1, and DE 10 2013 021 863 A1.

[0005] Known assembly methods for mounting a strut to a strut mount have the disadvantage that manual assembly is relatively labor-intensive. During assembly with the strut mount, the strut must be guided to the alignment movements caused by the alignment device. Automated assembly processes require robotic devices with highly complex sensor technology for this purpose. This leads to increased assembly costs. Furthermore, with known assembly aids, unwanted transverse forces can occur between the assembly aid and the first component during the alignment of the components. These can result in mechanical corrosion, particularly at the centering device, and thus lead to increased wear.

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate or at least partially eliminate the disadvantages described above in an add-on part, such as a spring strut, for installation at an attachment point of a motor vehicle, such as a spring strut mount of a body of the motor vehicle, a motor vehicle, a method for installing an add-on part at an attachment point of a motor vehicle, and an assembly system for installing an add-on part at an attachment point of a motor vehicle. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to create an add-on part, a method, a motor vehicle, and an assembly system which, in a simple and cost-effective manner, improve automated installation of the add-on part at the attachment point and / or prevent tilting of the add-on part during alignment to the attachment point and thus reduce wear on the add-on part and / or the attachment point.

[0007] The above object is achieved by the patent claims. Accordingly, the object is achieved by an attachment for mounting on a mounting point of a motor vehicle having the features of independent claim 1, by a motor vehicle having the features of independent claim 7, by a method for mounting an attachment on a mounting point of a motor vehicle having the features of independent claim 8, and by a mounting system having the features of independent claim 9. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description, and the drawings.Features and details that are described in connection with the add-on part according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the motor vehicle according to the invention, the method according to the invention and the assembly system according to the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made reciprocally.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by an attachment for mounting at an attachment point of a motor vehicle. The attachment has a main region for providing a main technical function of the attachment and a secondary region with a receiving cavity extending along a cavity axis for engaging a support end region of a support device of an assembly aid for holding the attachment before and during alignment to the attachment point. The receiving cavity has an insertion opening for inserting the support end region and a base region for contacting a contact region of the support end region for supporting the attachment on the assembly aid. Furthermore, the receiving cavity has an increasing diameter in the base region along the cavity axis towards the insertion opening.According to the invention, the receiving cavity between the insertion opening and the base region has a securing region for preventing the support end region of the support device from slipping sideways out of the receiving cavity, wherein the base region has a greater increase in diameter towards the insertion opening than the securing region.

[0009] The main area of ​​the attachment is preferably designed as a spring strut of a motor vehicle's wheel suspension and thus preferably comprises a spring, in particular a coil spring, and a damper. The technical function of a spring strut is, for example, to cushion and dampen mechanical shocks, which can be caused, for example, by uneven road surfaces depending on the vehicle's speed, total weight, and tires.

[0010] The receiving cavity is arranged in a secondary region of the attachment part arranged on the main region. A secondary region is understood to be a region of the attachment part which is not required to provide the technical function of the main region. Preferably, the secondary region is fixed to the main region or formed monolithically with the main region or at least with a section of the main region. The receiving cavity extends along the cavity axis. Preferably, the receiving cavity is formed rotationally symmetrically or at least substantially rotationally symmetrically about the cavity axis. In the context of the invention, a substantially rotationally symmetrical design is understood to mean a rotationally symmetrical design which may have individual recesses and / or projections or the like, due to which rotational symmetry in the mathematical sense is no longer given.The cavity axis preferably extends along a longitudinal axis of the attachment. The angle between the cavity axis and the longitudinal axis is preferably less than 25°, more preferably less than 20°, and most preferably less than 15°.

[0011] The receiving cavity has the insertion opening for inserting the support end region of the support device of the assembly aid. According to the invention, the insertion opening can have an insertion aid, such as a chamfer, a radius, or the like, to facilitate insertion of the support end region into the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is delimited by the base region, so that the support end region can only be inserted into the receiving cavity until the contact region of the support end region contacts the base region. For this purpose, the support end region can, for example, be spherical, so that the contact region is circular.

[0012] The base region has an increasing diameter along the cavity axis towards the insertion opening. This means in particular that the diameter increases at least in one section of the base region. This is preferably a section of the base region which borders the securing region. A rate of increase in diameter is referred to in the context of the invention as diameter increase. The base region preferably has the technical function of permitting a transverse movement of the support end region if a transverse force threshold is exceeded during the alignment of the attachment to the attachment point, so that overloading of the attachment part and / or the attachment point and / or the assembly aid can be avoided. Furthermore, the base region preferably has the technical function of preventing or limiting a transverse movement of the support end region.at least to be reduced if the shear force threshold is not exceeded, in particular when transporting the attachment on the assembly aid from a pre-assembly location, an intermediate storage facility or the like to an assembly location for assembling the attachment at the attachment point.

[0013] An assembly aid device in the sense of the invention is a device that can be used to improve the assembly of the attachment at the attachment point. The attachment can be placed via the receiving cavity onto the upwardly oriented support end region of the support device of the assembly aid device in such a way that the contact region contacts the base region and the attachment is thus supported by the assembly aid device. The assembly aid device preferably has a plurality of support devices in order to improve the secure hold of the attachment on the assembly aid device and the alignability of the attachment to the attachment point. The attachment can be arranged on the assembly aid device in an assembly preparation process and can be fed to a mounting surface for mounting the attachment at the attachment point. The assembly aid device is preferably designed to accommodate a plurality of identical and / or different attachments.

[0014] According to the invention, the receiving cavity between the insertion opening and the base region has the securing region. According to the invention, the securing region has a smaller increase in diameter than the base region. The securing region is particularly preferably cylindrical. The technical function of the securing region is to prevent the support end region from moving laterally out of the receiving cavity, for example as a result of a vibration during transport of the attachment arranged on the assembly aid, such as during sudden braking, acceleration, a collision, or the like. In this way, it is possible to prevent the attachment from exceeding a maximum permissible positional deviation relative to the assembly aid and, in extreme cases, from falling off the assembly aid, for example.

[0015] An attachment according to the invention for mounting on a mounting point of a motor vehicle has the advantage over conventional attachments that, using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, the positional compensation of the attachment relative to an assembly aid is improved when aligning the attachment to the mounting point due to the relatively strong increase in diameter of the base area. At the same time, the securing area effectively prevents the attachment from slipping sideways off the assembly aid. Thus, mechanical forces and wear on the attachment, at the mounting point, on a centering device, and on the assembly aid can be significantly reduced compared to attachments known from the prior art.

[0016] According to a preferred further development of the invention, it can be provided that the base region of an attachment has a linear increase in diameter, at least in sections. The base region is therefore preferably completely or at least partially pointed cone-shaped, round cone-shaped, truncated cone-shaped, or dome-shaped. A wall of the base region is thus formed obliquely to the cavity axis. A linear increase in diameter causes a linear restoring force in the case of an attachment arranged on a support end region when the attachment is moved transversely to the longitudinal extent of the support end region and the contact region of the support end region is thus moved along the oblique wall and presses against it. This has the advantage that an alignment force transverse to the cavity axis required to align the attachment to the attachment point can be applied particularly easily and cost-effectively.This is particularly advantageous if the alignment force is to be applied manually.

[0017] According to the invention, it is preferred that the base region exhibit a progressive increase in diameter, at least in sections. Accordingly, the base region is preferably formed entirely or at least partially according to the inner contour of a half-torus, or the cross-section of the base region is preferably formed by the outer contour of two quarter circles with a common sectional plane, wherein the quarter circles preferably touch each other at their curve ends at the sectional plane. Instead of a circular path, the base region can also exhibit a parabolic or exponential increase in diameter, according to the invention. The wall of the base region is thus progressively or convexly curved.A progressive increase in diameter results in a degressive restoring force for an attachment mounted on a support end region when the attachment moves transversely to the longitudinal extent of the support end region, and the contact area of ​​the support end region is thus moved along the inclined wall and presses against it. This has the advantage that maximum alignment forces can be reduced using simple and cost-effective means. This means that, particularly with relatively large relative movements of the attachment, the assembly aid device needs to apply lower forces transverse to the cavity axis during the alignment process to the attachment point. This is particularly advantageous for automated alignment, as it reduces wear and energy consumption.

[0018] Further preferably, the base region has a degressive diameter increase in a base region end section facing away from the securing region. It is preferred that the base region, between the base region end section and the securing region, has a base region initial section with a progressive diameter increase. The base region end section thus preferably has a concave curvature, preferably in the shape of a partial sphere. The base region end section is preferably designed to form a positive fit with the contact area of ​​the support device.This is particularly advantageous if the assembly aid has a control device configured to move the support end region out of the receiving cavity, particularly depending on the relative position of the attachment to the attachment point, for example, upon contact between a centering device of the attachment, such as a centering cone, and a counter-centering device of the attachment point, such as a bushing. This has the advantage that the hold of the attachment on the assembly aid can be improved using simple means and in a cost-effective manner.

[0019] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, an attachment can be provided with a centering device for engaging in a counter-centering device of the attachment point. The centering device preferably has a centering cone, which can be inserted in particular into a counter-centering device designed as a feedthrough. The centering device is designed, in interaction with the counter-centering device, to produce a transverse force if the attachment has a positional deviation from the attachment point in the transverse direction to the cavity axis. By means of this transverse force, the attachment according to the invention can be aligned with the attachment point when the attachment part and attachment point are further brought together. By forming the receiving cavity, the transverse forces are advantageously reduced, so that wear on the attachment part, centering device and counter-centering device is reduced.In addition, a centering device has the advantage that the alignment of the attachment to the attachment point is improved using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, so that only a linear joining force, which acts parallel or at least substantially parallel to the cavity axis, is required to align the attachment to the attachment point.

[0020] More preferably, a radius of the securing region corresponds at least to the sum of a maximum possible centering distance through the interaction of the centering device with the counter-centering device and a radius of the support end region. In other words, the securing region is preferably designed such that, at the maximum possible positional deviation of the attachment and attachment point, at which the centering device and the counter-centering device can just still be brought into engagement with one another, a further positional deviation of the attachment and attachment point, at which the centering device and the counter-centering device can no longer be brought into engagement with one another, is positively prevented. This has the advantage that, using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, the safety during installation of the attachment at the attachment point is improved and the risk of damage to the centering device or the counter-centering device is reduced.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a motor vehicle with an attachment point. According to the invention, the motor vehicle has an attachment part according to the invention, wherein the attachment part is held at the attachment point. Preferably, the motor vehicle has several attachment points and several attachment parts according to the invention, each of which is held at a mounting point. Preferably, the attachment part is fastened to the mounting point by means of screws, bolts, or the like. Particularly preferably, the attachment part is designed as a spring strut and the attachment point as a spring strut mount.

[0022] The motor vehicle according to the invention offers all the advantages already described for an add-on part according to the first aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the motor vehicle according to the invention has the advantage over conventional motor vehicles that the installation of the add-on part at the installation location is improved using simple means and in a cost-effective manner. Due to the relatively large increase in diameter of the base area, positional adjustment of the add-on part relative to an auxiliary assembly device is particularly easy when aligning the add-on part with the installation location. At the same time, the securing area effectively prevents the add-on part from slipping sideways off the auxiliary assembly device, so that the motor vehicle has an improved manufacturing process.This means that mechanical forces during assembly as well as wear on the attachment, on the attachment point, on a centering device and on the assembly aid device can be significantly reduced compared to known motor vehicles.

[0023] According to a third aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for mounting an attachment part at a mounting location of a motor vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: - Providing an attachment according to the invention on an assembly aid device such that a support end region of a support device of the assembly aid device engages in a receiving cavity of the attachment and a contact region of the support end region contacts a bottom region of the receiving cavity and thus supports the attachment, - relative movement of the attachment and the attachment point such that a centring device of the attachment engages with a counter-centring device of the attachment point, - further moving the attachment and the attachment point in such a way that the attachment is aligned to the attachment point in an end position by an interaction of the centering device and the counter-centering device, whereby the support end region is moved transversely to a cavity axis of the receiving cavity within the receiving cavity, and - Fixing the attachment at the mounting point in the end position using one or more fastening devices.

[0024] First, the attachment is provided on the assembly aid. The attachment is preferably designed as a spring strut. The attachment is provided, for example, by suspending the attachment via the receiving cavity on the support end region. Preferably, the attachment is held on the assembly aid by further means, such as a further support device, further components for mounting on the motor vehicle, such as a wishbone, or the like. The attachment is thus held on the assembly aid so that it can move transversely to the cavity axis within a predetermined range of motion. The securing region positively prevents the support end region from sliding sideways out of the receiving cavity. Furthermore, the support end region limits the maximum positional deviation of the attachment relative to the assembly aid.

[0025] The attachment and the mounting point are then moved toward each other. This is achieved, for example, by lowering the mounting point onto the attachment. The centering device and counter-centering device engage with each other. In this state, at least two degrees of freedom of the attachment relative to the assembly aid are taken up transversely to the cavity axis through the interaction of the centering device and counter-centering device. Thus, for example, any relative pivoting of the attachment relative to the assembly aid is limited by a positive fit.

[0026] As the attachment and attachment point move closer together, the centering device and counter-centering device engage more closely. This generates a transverse force, which aligns the attachment to the attachment point. When the attachment is aligned to the attachment point, the support end area within the receiving cavity moves transversely to the cavity axis. The design of the base area with the increasing diameter reduces the transverse force required for this movement. This movement continues until the attachment is positioned in its final position relative to the attachment point.

[0027] In the final position, the attachment is secured to the mounting location using fasteners such as screws or bolts. The assembly aid can then be removed.

[0028] The method according to the invention provides all the advantages already described for an add-on part according to the first aspect of the invention and for a motor vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the method according to the invention has the advantage over conventional methods that it improves the assembly of the add-on part at the attachment point using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, and that the position of the add-on part relative to the assembly aid during alignment of the add-on part relative to the attachment point is particularly easy due to the relatively large increase in diameter of the base area.At the same time, the securing area effectively prevents the attachment from slipping sideways off the assembly aid, so that when carrying out the method, mechanical forces as well as wear on the attachment, on the attachment point, on a centering device and on the assembly aid can be significantly reduced compared to known methods.

[0029] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a mounting system for mounting an attachment part to an attachment point of a motor vehicle. The mounting system comprises the attachment part, the attachment point, and an auxiliary mounting device for holding the attachment part before and during alignment with the attachment point. The auxiliary mounting device comprises a support device with a support end region and a contact region formed on the support end region. According to the invention, the attachment part is designed as an inventive attachment part.

[0030] The mounting system according to the invention provides all the advantages already described for an add-on part according to the first aspect of the invention, a motor vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention, and a method according to the third aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the mounting system according to the invention has the advantage over conventional mounting systems that it improves the mounting of the add-on part at the mounting location using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, and that the position of the add-on part relative to the auxiliary assembly device is particularly easy to compensate for when aligning the add-on part relative to the mounting location due to the relatively large increase in diameter of the base region.At the same time, the securing area effectively prevents the attachment from slipping sideways off the assembly aid, so that when assembling the attachment at the attachment point, mechanical forces as well as wear on the attachment, on the attachment point, on a centering device and on the assembly aid can be significantly reduced compared to known assembly systems.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an assembly system can be provided with a release device, wherein the release device is designed to move the support device away from the receiving cavity depending on the relative position of a centering device of the attachment and a counter-centering device of the attachment point. The release device is preferably designed to move the support device away from the attachment when the centering device engages the counter-centering device, thus removing degrees of freedom of a relative movement of the attachment to the assembly device.This has the advantage that the transverse forces required for aligning the attachment to the attachment point are reduced using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, since the resistance provided by the support device against such a relative movement of the attachment to the assembly aid device is thereby reduced.

[0032] An attachment according to the invention, a motor vehicle according to the invention, a method according to the invention, and an assembly system according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. They show schematically: Fig. 1 shows a side view of a preferred embodiment of a mounting system according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of different embodiments of a secondary region of an attachment part according to the invention, Fig. 3 shows a side view of a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle according to the invention, and Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention.

[0033] Elements with the same function and mode of action are listed in the Fig. 1 to 4 are each provided with the same reference numerals.

[0034] In Fig. 1 schematically depicts a side view of a preferred embodiment of a mounting system 18 according to the invention. The mounting system 18 comprises an attachment 1 according to the invention designed as a spring strut, having a main region 4 and a secondary region 5. In the secondary region 5, there is a receiving cavity 7, which in this illustration opens downwards via an insertion opening 11 and has a cavity axis 6. The receiving cavity 7 has a base region 12 at an end remote from the insertion opening 11 and a securing region 14 between the insertion opening 11 and the base region 12.

[0035] Furthermore, the assembly system 18 comprises an assembly aid 10 with a support device 9, which is held linearly movable on a device frame 20 of the assembly aid 10. The support device 9 has a support end region 8 that projects into the receiving cavity 7. A hemispherically convex contact region 13 of the support end region 8 contacts the bottom region 12 of the receiving cavity 7, for example, in a circular manner, and thus supports the attachment part 1. Furthermore, the assembly aid 10 has a captive device 21, which is rigidly held on the device frame 20 and engages the attachment part 1 to prevent the attachment part 1 from falling off the assembly aid 10. Furthermore, the assembly aid device 10 has a triggering device 19 for detecting a relative position of the add-on part 1 to an attachment point 2, wherein the attachment point 2 in the example shown is a spring strut mount of a motor vehicle 3 (cf.. Fig. 3) is trained.

[0036] In the illustrated state, a centering device 16 of the attachment 1, designed as a centering cone, is currently engaged with a counter-centering device 17, designed as a feedthrough, of the attachment point 2. The release device 19 is preferably designed to move the support device 9 away from the attachment 1 in this state in order to improve the further alignment of the attachment 1 with the attachment point 2. A securing radius R1 of the securing area 14 corresponds approximately to the sum of a maximum centering distance Z defined by the counter-centering device 17 and a support end radius R2 of the support end area 8.

[0037] Fig. 2 shows different embodiments of a secondary region 5 of an attachment 1 according to the invention, schematically in a sectional view. The figures show differently designed receiving cavities 7, which differ from one another essentially in the design of the base regions 12 and the length of the securing regions 14. The securing regions 14 are cylindrical and thus have no or only a relatively small increase in diameter. A supporting end region 8 of a supporting device 9 projects into each of the receiving cavities 7, wherein the contact region 13 of the supporting end region 8 contacts the base region 12 and thus supports the attachment 1 (not shown in detail). In the first example, viewed from the left, the base region 12 is frustoconical. An angle between a wall in the base region 12 and the cavity axis 6 is more than 45°.In the second example, the base region 12 is concave, so that the base region 12 has a degressive diameter increase. In the third example, the base region 12 has a progressive diameter increase. In the fourth example, the base region 12 has a degressive diameter increase in a base region end section 15 and a progressive diameter increase between the base region end section 15 and the securing region 14.

[0038] In Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle 3 according to the invention. The motor vehicle 3 has a plurality of attachments 1 designed as a spring strut, each of which is held on a mounting point 2 of the motor vehicle 3 designed as a spring strut mount, in particular by means of a plurality of screws or bolts.

[0039] Fig.4 shows a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention schematically in a flow diagram. In a first method step 100, an attachment 1 according to the invention is provided on an assembly aid 10. This occurs in such a way that a support end region 8 of a support device 9 of the assembly aid 10 engages in a receiving cavity 7 of the attachment 1, and a contact region 13 of the support end region 8 contacts a bottom region 12 of the receiving cavity 7, thus supporting the attachment 1. In a second method step 200, the attachment 1 and the attachment point 2 are moved relative to one another. This is preferably done by a horizontal movement of the assembly aid 10 together with the attachment 1. More preferably, the approach is performed by a subsequent vertical movement of the attachment point 2 toward the assembly aid 10.The advance occurs until a centering device 16 of the attachment 1 engages with a counter-centering device 17 of the attachment point 2. In a third method step 300, the attachment 1 and attachment point 2 are moved further closer, preferably by a linear movement, such as lowering the attachment point 2 onto the attachment 1 or raising the attachment 1 to the attachment point 2. In addition, the further advance occurs such that the attachment 1 is aligned in an end position with respect to the attachment point 2 through the interaction of the centering device 16 and the counter-centering device 17. In this case, the support end region 8 is moved transversely to a cavity axis 6 of the receiving cavity 7 within the receiving cavity 7 and thus migrates along the bottom region 12 of the receiving cavity 7. In a fourth method step 400, the attachment 1 is fixed at the attachment point 2 in the end position by one or more fastening means.The assembly aid 10 is then removed from the attachment part 1. List of reference symbols 1 attachment 2 cultivation site 3 Motor vehicle 4 Main area 5 Side area 6 Cavity axis 7 Recording cavity 8 Support end area 9 Support device 10 Assembly aid 11 Insertion opening 12 Floor area 13 Contact area 14 Security area 15 Floor area end section 16 Centering device 17 Counter-centering device 18 Mounting system 19 Release device 20 fixture frames 100 first procedural step 200 second process step 300 third process step 400 fourth process step R1 security radius R2 Support end radius Z centering distance

Claims

[1] Attachment (1) for mounting on an attachment point (2) of a motor vehicle (3), comprising a main region (4) for providing a main technical function of the attachment (1) and a secondary region (5) with a receiving cavity (7) extending along a cavity axis (6) for engaging a support end region (8) of a support device (9) of an assembly aid (10) for holding the attachment (1) before and during alignment with the attachment point (2), wherein the receiving cavity (7) has an insertion opening (11) for inserting the support end region (8) and a base region (12) for contacting a contact region (13) of the support end region (8) for supporting the attachment (1) on the assembly aid (10), wherein the receiving cavity (7) has an increasing diameter in the base region (12) along the cavity axis (6) towards the insertion opening (11), characterized bythat the receiving cavity (7) between the insertion opening (11) and the base region (12) has a securing region (14) for preventing the support end region (8) of the support device (9) from slipping sideways out of the receiving cavity (7), wherein the base region (12) has a greater increase in diameter towards the insertion opening (11) than the securing region (14). [2] Attachment (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the base region (12) has a linear increase in diameter at least in sections. [3] Attachment (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the base region (12) has a progressive increase in diameter at least in sections. [4] Attachment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base region (12) has a degressive increase in diameter in a base region end section (15) facing away from the securing region (14). [5] Attachment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the attachment part (1) has a centering device (16) for engaging in a counter-centering device (17) of the attachment point (2). [6] Attachment (1) according to claim 5, characterized by that a securing radius (R1) of the securing area (14) corresponds at least to the sum of a maximum possible centering distance (Z) through the interaction of the centering device (16) with the counter-centering device (17) and a support end radius (R2) of the support end area (8). [7] Motor vehicle (3) comprising an attachment point (2), characterized by that the motor vehicle (3) has an attachment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the attachment (1) is held at the attachment point (2). [8] Method for mounting an attachment (1) on an attachment point (2) of a motor vehicle (3), comprising the following steps: - Providing an attachment (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 on an assembly aid device (10) such that a support end region (8) of a support device (9) of the assembly aid device (10) engages in a receiving cavity (7) of the attachment (1) and a contact region (13) of the support end region (8) contacts a bottom region (12) of the receiving cavity (7) and thus supports the attachment (1), - relative movement of the attachment (1) and the attachment point (2) such that a centring device (16) of the attachment (1) engages with a counter-centring device (17) of the attachment point (2), - further moving the attachment (1) and attachment point (2) in such a way that the attachment (1) is aligned to the attachment point (2) by an interaction of the centering device (16) and counter-centering device (17) in an end position, wherein the support end region (8) is moved transversely to a cavity axis (6) of the receiving cavity (7) within the receiving cavity (7), and - Fixing the attachment (1) at the attachment point (2) in the end position by one or more fastening means. [9] Mounting system (18) for mounting an attachment (1) on an attachment point (2) of a motor vehicle (3), comprising the attachment (1), the attachment point (2) and an auxiliary mounting device (10) for holding the attachment (1) before and during alignment with the attachment point (2), wherein the auxiliary mounting device (10) has a support device (9) with a support end region (8) and a contact region (13) formed on the support end region (8), characterized bythat the attachment part (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 6. [10] Mounting system (18) according to claim 9, characterized by in that the assembly aid device (10) has a triggering device (19), wherein the triggering device (19) is designed to move the support device (9) away from the receiving cavity (7) depending on a relative position of a centering device (16) of the attachment part (1) and a counter-centering device (17) of the attachment point (2).

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