DRIVE DEVICE WITH AT LEAST ONE DRIVE UNIT AND AT LEAST ONE PLANETARY GEARBOX

Abstract

Drive device (6) with at least one drive unit (6A) with at least one planetary gear (8) having a first shaft (11), a second shaft (9) and at least one third shaft (10), wherein a drive torque from the drive unit (6A) can be introduced into the planetary gear (8) via the first shaft (11) and an output torque can be extracted from the planetary gear (8) via the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10), characterized in that a self-activating locking mechanism (15) is provided, by means of which the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10) of the planetary gear (8) can be alternately made rotationally fixed, while either the second shaft (9) or the third shaft (10) can be driven rotationally by the drive unit (6A) via the first shaft (11),wherein the locking mechanism (15) automatically activates or deactivates itself depending on the rotational position of the second shaft (9) and the rotational position of the third shaft (10).

Description

[0001] The present technology relates to a drive device with at least one drive unit having at least one planetary gear with a first shaft, a second shaft and at least one third shaft according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] In general, multi-shaft planetary gears are well known and, due to their high power density, are used in many technical areas, such as bicycle hub gears or in the form of differentials, for torque transmission.

[0003] Such differentials also allow for speed compensation in the transverse direction of the vehicle between wheels of a vehicle axle or in the longitudinal direction between at least two axles of an all-wheel-drive vehicle. In this process, a drive torque from a drive motor, applied as drive torque to one of the shafts of such a differential, is transferred to two further shafts and routed out of the differential.

[0004] Additionally, differentials are known in which the unimpeded speed compensation in the transverse or longitudinal direction of the vehicle between two shafts of a differential can be at least partially limited. Such differentials are also called limited-slip differentials. A limited-slip differential is helpful in situations where friction loss is a frequent risk, i.e., where full power is required at both or all wheels. In snow, ice, slippery surfaces, and mud, it is advantageous for both wheels of an axle to be driven.

[0005] A preferred object of the technology according to the invention is to reduce or eliminate at least one disadvantage of a previously known solution or to propose an alternative solution. In particular, a preferred object of the technology disclosed herein is to provide a drive device with a planetary gear unit that is improved with respect to at least one of the following factors: manufacturing time, manufacturing costs, manufacturing complexity, installation space utilization, operational reliability, sustainability, and / or component reliability.

[0006] Furthermore, the technology according to the invention is based on the preferred objective of providing a space-saving and cost-effective drive device with which two different outputs can be driven with low control effort by means of a drive unit.

[0007] Further preferred tasks may arise from the beneficial effects of the technology disclosed here.

[0008] According to the invention, this problem is solved with a drive device comprising at least one drive motor and a planetary gear unit comprising a first shaft, a second shaft, and at least one third shaft, with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.

[0009] A drive device is therefore proposed, comprising at least one drive unit and a planetary gear unit with a first shaft, a second shaft, and at least one third shaft. A drive torque can be introduced into the planetary gear unit via the first shaft, and an output torque can be transmitted from the planetary gear unit via the second and third shafts.

[0010] According to the invention, a self-activating locking mechanism is provided which automatically locks and releases the rotational movement of the second shaft depending on the rotational positions of the second and third shafts, and which automatically locks and releases the rotational movement of the third shaft depending on the rotational positions of the second and third shafts. The locking mechanism is configured such that the third shaft can be driven rotationally by the first shaft and the second shaft is simultaneously held rotationally fixed by the locking mechanism. Additionally, the locking mechanism is configured such that the second shaft can be driven rotationally by the first shaft and the third shaft is simultaneously held rotationally fixed by the locking mechanism.

[0011] The drive device according to the invention makes it possible to actuate two outputs via a single drive unit, achieving this with minimal control effort. The reciprocal drive of the two outputs of the second and third shafts advantageously occurs without additional control by an operator or by means of a control unit, since the locking mechanism automatically activates or deactivates itself depending on the rotational position of the second and third shafts.

[0012] In one embodiment of the drive device according to the invention, the locking mechanism comprises a retaining element that is fixedly connected to the third shaft. In this embodiment of the drive device, during an operating state of the planetary gear in which the third shaft is held rotationally fixed by the locking mechanism, the retaining element engages in a rotationally fixed receptacle of the locking mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking mechanism can include a retaining element that is firmly connected to the second shaft and engages in a rotationally fixed receptacle during an operating state of the planetary gear in which the second shaft is held non-rotatably.

[0014] The mountings of the locking mechanism can each represent end regions of cam tracks of a locking slide that is longitudinally movable between two end positions. Such an embodiment of the drive device according to the invention is structurally simple and characterized by a small number of components, which makes the drive device easy to assemble.

[0015] In a space-saving embodiment of the drive device according to the invention, the locking slide, which is linearly mounted in the area of ​​a housing, extends radially in the direction of the planetary gear and is designed with an elongated hole. The elongated hole can extend longitudinally within the locking slide. Additionally, the first shaft of the planetary gear can engage in the elongated hole.

[0016] The cam tracks can each be located in opposite end regions of the locking gate. It is possible to design the cam tracks to be open in the area of ​​the opposite sides of the locking gate, and to insert or remove the retaining elements into or out of the cam tracks via these open areas during a rotation of the second shaft and a rotation of the third shaft.

[0017] To enable the self-activation of the locking mechanism with only minimal actuating forces, the cam tracks in one embodiment of the drive device according to the invention are designed with track sections that run obliquely towards each other, starting from the open areas. It can be provided that these tracks form an acute angle with one longitudinal direction of the locking slide. Further track sections, running towards each other in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide, can connect to these tracks and comprise the end regions of the cam tracks. The locking slide is moved linearly by the retaining elements arranged in the respective oblique track sections of the cam tracks until one of the retaining elements is released from the cam track and the other retaining element is held rotationally fixed in the receptacle of the cam track in the other cam track.

[0018] In a further embodiment of the drive device according to the invention, which is easy to operate, the track section of one cam track is adapted to the further track section of the other cam track such that the retaining element of the second shaft is inserted into the cam track associated with the retaining element of the second shaft, depending on the direction of rotation of the driven first shaft, and held there in a rotationally fixed manner. Additionally, the retaining element of the third shaft is simultaneously guided out of the cam track associated with the retaining element of the third shaft.Furthermore, the track sections of the cam tracks are adapted to each other in such a way that the holding element of the third shaft is inserted into the cam track assigned to the holding element of the third shaft, depending on the direction of rotation of the driven first shaft, and held there in a rotationally fixed manner, while the holding element of the second shaft is simultaneously led out of the cam track assigned to the holding element of the second shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, it can be provided that the length of the elongated slot of the locking element, in the longitudinal direction of the locking element, and the vertical distances between the end regions of the cam tracks and the open regions of the cam tracks, in the longitudinal direction of the locking element, are coordinated. In this configuration, one end region of the elongated slot, which faces away from the end region of the cam track in which the retaining element of the second shaft or the retaining element of the third shaft is held rotationally fixed, can abut a cylindrical outer surface of the first shaft. In this way, the travel of the locking slide is limited by the first shaft in a structurally simple manner and without additional construction effort.

[0020] In a structurally simple embodiment of the drive device according to the invention, the automatic activation of the locking mechanism is achieved by the fact that both the second shaft and the third shaft can be driven rotationally by the first shaft when the locking slide is in positions between its two end positions.

[0021] The end sections of the cam tracks can each be designed with undercuts, allowing the retaining elements to be subjected to a holding force that acts on the retaining elements in the direction of the receptacles. This effectively prevents, in a simple and structurally straightforward manner, any unintentional loosening of the rotationally fixed connection between the retaining elements and the cam tracks or the locking slide, which could otherwise occur due to vibrations, shocks, or similar factors.

[0022] If the outside of the first shaft, which interacts with the end regions of the elongated hole, is the outside of a sleeve rotatably mounted on the first shaft, the rotary drive of the first shaft is not hindered by the locking slide when the locking slide is in contact with the outside of the first shaft.

[0023] The retaining elements can each engage with the cam tracks via cylindrical sections. This ensures in a simple manner that the drive device according to the invention can be operated with low actuating forces, since the curved outer surface of the retaining elements prevents jamming of the retaining elements in the cam tracks.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment of the drive device according to the invention, the first shaft of the planetary gear is configured as a sun gear, the second shaft of the planetary gear as a ring gear, and the third shaft of the planetary gear as a planet carrier. At least one planet gear is rotatably mounted on the planet carrier, meshing with both the sun gear and the ring gear.

[0025] The invention is not limited to the specified combination of features of the independent claim or the dependent claims. Furthermore, it is possible to combine individual features, even those that arise from the claims, the subsequent description of embodiments, or directly from the drawing. The reference of the claims to the drawings by means of reference numerals is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0026] An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being limited thereto.

[0027] This shows: Fig. 1 a simplified three-dimensional view of a vehicle with a drive device which here actuates a vehicle flap at a charging interface for closing and releasing an opening of a vehicle body as well as a movable charging socket of the vehicle; Fig. 2 one in Fig. 1. Area II, more precisely marked, in a side view and in an operating state of the vehicle flap in which the vehicle flap closes the opening of the vehicle body; Fig. 3 one Fig. 2. Corresponding representation of the vehicle hatch in a partially open state; Fig. 4 the area II in a Fig. 2 corresponding representation in an operating state of the vehicle flap in which the vehicle flap fully releases the opening; Fig. 5a to Fig. 5g a drive device for opening and closing the vehicle flap and for operating the charging socket in a three-dimensional view from an oblique angle above; Fig. 6a to Fig. 6d each a side view of the drive device according to Fig. 5a to Fig. 5g starting from a closed position of the vehicle hatch to an open position of the vehicle hatch; Fig. 7a to Fig. 7f each side views of the drive device without the vehicle flap and the charging socket starting from an operating state of the drive device in which the vehicle flap closes the opening of the vehicle body, up to an operating state of the drive device in which the vehicle flap has moved into its open position; Fig. 8a to Fig. 8d the drive device during an operating state sequence in which the vehicle flap is in its open position and the charging socket is moved from a non-use position to a use position; Fig. 9a to Fig. 9d each Fig. 8a to Fig. 8d corresponding representations of the drive device during the operating state sequence, which the Fig. 8a to Fig. 8d is the basis, whereby the charging socket and a linear guide associated with the charging socket are not shown; Fig. 10a a Fig. 7a. A corresponding representation of the drive device in an operating state of the drive device in which the vehicle hatch is in its open position and the charging socket is in its non-use position; and Fig. 10b a Fig. 10a corresponding representation of the drive device in an operating state in which the vehicle flap is in its open position and the charging socket is in its operating position.

[0028] Referring to Fig. Figure 1 shows a vehicle 1 with a vehicle body 2 and a drive unit 3, wherein the drive unit 3 may comprise at least one internal combustion engine, at least one electric machine or a combination of at least one internal combustion engine and at least one electric machine.

[0029] The vehicle 1 has a rear access panel 4, which is designed to open and close an opening 5 in the vehicle body 2. The opening 5 is a charging recess through which an electrical connector system can be connected to a corresponding coupling element located within the vehicle body 2 or beneath the outer skin of the vehicle 1, in order to charge an electrical energy storage device of the vehicle 1. The access panel thus represents a charging flap, which is essentially designed as a flat or plate-like element.

[0030] The Fig. 2 shows one in Fig. 1. Area II, which includes the vehicle flap 4, is further specified. The vehicle flap 4 is shown in an operating state in which the opening 5 is completely closed by the vehicle flap 4.

[0031] In Fig. 3 is one of the Fig. 2 A corresponding representation of the vehicle flap 4 is shown in an operating state in which the opening 5 is partially released by the vehicle flap 4 and in which the vehicle flap 4 is partially pivoted upwards in the vehicle vertical direction z within the vehicle body, whereby a charging socket 7 arranged in the opening 5, which represents an electrical coupling element for charging an electrical energy storage device of the vehicle 1, is visible.

[0032] Finally, the vehicle flap 4 is in its Fig. 4 shown operating state fully open, so that it releases the opening 5 to the maximum extent.

[0033] The Fig. 5a shows a three-dimensional partial view of a drive device 6 for opening and closing the vehicle flap 4 and for adjusting a at least partially in Fig. The charging socket 7 shown in Figure 5a. The drive device 6 comprises a drive unit 6A, which is only symbolically represented in the drawing and can be designed as a conventional electric motor. The drive device 6 also includes a three-shaft planetary gear 8, which has a ring gear 9, a planet carrier 10, and a sun gear 11. Three planet gears 12 are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier 10 and mesh with both the ring gear 9 and the sun gear 11.

[0034] A drive shaft of the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6 is operatively connected to the sun gear 11, whereby a drive torque from the drive unit 6A can be introduced into the planetary gear 8 via the sun gear 11. The ring gear 9 is connected to the vehicle flap 4 via a lever element 13. The vehicle flap 4 can thus be moved from its closed position to its open position by the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6 in the manner described in more detail later. The planet carrier 10 is connected to the charging socket 7 via another lever element 30 in order to move the charging socket 7 along a linear guide 14 from a Fig. 5a shown non-use position in a Fig. 8d to transfer to the usage position shown in more detail.

[0035] During an initial operating phase, the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6 rotates the sun gear 11 in the direction of rotation D1, which also causes the ring gear 9 to rotate in the direction of rotation D1. Simultaneously, the planet carrier 10 is held rotationally fixed by a locking mechanism 15 of the drive device 6. For this purpose, a retaining element 21, which is rigidly connected to the planet carrier 10, engages in a rotationally fixed receptacle 22 of a locking slide or locking slide 16.

[0036] The vehicle flap 4 performs a lifting movement due to the rotation of the ring gear 9 and is thereby moved away from a sealing unit 17, essentially in the transverse direction y of the vehicle, i.e., towards the vehicle interior. For this purpose, control tracks 18A, 18B are provided in the lever element 13, into which a coupling element 19A, 19B engages. The coupling elements 19A, 19B are rigidly connected to the vehicle flap 4. Additionally, the coupling elements 19A, 19B engage in the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle in body-mounted cam guide tracks 20, 201 of a cam guide system. The cam guide tracks 20, 201 each comprise a first cam guide track section 20A or 201A and a second cam guide track section 20B or 201B.

[0037] In the closed position of the vehicle flap 4, the coupling elements 19A, 19B are each arranged in the first end regions of the control tracks 18A, 18B and the cam guide track sections 20A, 201A. If the lever element 13 is moved from the drive unit 6A via the planetary gear 8 by rotation of the ring gear 9 out of the Fig. 5a shown rotation position into the in Fig. When the position shown in 5b is adjusted or rotated, the coupling elements 19A, 19B slide along the control tracks 18A, 18B and along the guide track sections 20A, 201A of the guide track sections 20, 201 until the coupling elements 19A, 19B reach the second end regions of the control tracks 18A, 18B. During this rotational movement of the lever element 13 and the sliding of the coupling elements 19A, 19B along the control tracks 18A, 18B and along the guide track sections 20A, 201A of the guide track sections 20, 201, the vehicle flap 4 performs the prescribed lifting movement from the closed position towards the vehicle interior.

[0038] If the lever element 13 is moved further out of the position by the further rotation of the ring gear 9 in the direction of rotation D1, Fig. 5b position shown in the Fig. When the vehicle flap 4 is transferred to the operating position shown in 5c, it is moved upwards in the vehicle direction z from the position shown in the vehicle. Fig. 5b shown position in the in Fig. The position shown in 5c is pivoted under the outer skin of the vehicle body 2. If the drive unit 6A drives the ring gear 9 via the sun gear 11 and the planet gears 12 further in the direction of rotation D1, the vehicle flap 4 is lifted out of the position shown in Fig. The position shown in 5c is above the one in Fig. 5d into the in Fig. 5e shown position in which the vehicle flap 4 is arranged in its so-called open position.

[0039] In the open position, the vehicle flap 4 fully exposes the opening 5 of the vehicle body 2. Additionally, in the open position of the vehicle flap 4, a further retaining element 23 of the locking mechanism 15 engages in a further, rotationally fixed receptacle 24 of the locking slide 16. This further retaining element 23 is fixedly connected to the ring gear 9. Thus, when the sun gear 11 is driven further in the direction of rotation D1 by the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6, the ring gear 9 is held rotationally fixed by the locking mechanism 15. The receptacles 22 and 24 of the locking mechanism 15 each represent end sections of cam tracks 25, 26 of the locking slide 16, which is longitudinally movable between two end positions. The retaining elements 21 and 23 each engage the cam tracks 25, 26 with cylindrical sections. In a preferred embodiment, the rotation angle range of the ring gear 9 can be limited to approximately 80°.

[0040] The locking slide 16 is linearly displaceable within a housing 27 and extends radially along the planetary gear 8. The locking slide 16 also features an elongated slot 28. A sun gear shaft 29 engages in the elongated slot 28 and interacts with the drive shaft of the drive unit 6A. The elongated slot 28 extends essentially longitudinally within the locking slide 16.

[0041] The aforementioned design of the locking mechanism 15, in conjunction with the planetary gear 8, enables the vehicle flap 4 and the charging socket 7 to be actuated essentially sequentially one after the other via a single drive unit 6A or a single electric motor, and alternately, in order to move the vehicle flap 4 between its open position and its closed position and the charging socket 7 between its closed position. Fig. 5f shown non-use position and its in Fig. 5g to adjust to the operating position shown in the transverse direction of the vehicle y.

[0042] During rotary operation by the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6, the charging socket 7 is moved via the linear guide 14 essentially in the transverse direction y of the vehicle between the unused position and the working position. The adjustment of the charging socket 7 and the adjustment of the vehicle flap 4 are coordinated such that the charging socket 7 is in its working position when the vehicle flap 4 is open and in its unused position when the vehicle flap 4 is closed. The vertical distance between a side 31 of the charging socket 7 facing outwards and an outer surface of the vehicle body 2 is smaller in the working position of the charging socket 7 than in its unused position, thus simplifying operation. The unused position of the charging socket 7 is in Fig. 5f shown, while the charging socket 7 in Fig. 5g is shown in its position of use.

[0043] Fig. 6a to Fig. Figure 6d shows a side view of the drive device 6 together with the vehicle flap 4 and the charging socket 7 during an operating state sequence in which the vehicle flap 4 is moved from the closed position to its open position, and during which the charging socket 7 is in its non-use position. From the illustrations according to Fig. 6a to Fig. Figure 6d shows that the retaining element 21, which is fixedly connected to the ring gear 9, is guided towards the cam track 25 of the locking slide 16 during the rotary drive of the ring gear 9 and the associated lifting and pivoting movement of the vehicle flap 4. Shortly before the vehicle flap 4 reaches the open position, the retaining element 21 engages in the Fig. The ring gear 9 is inserted into the cam track 25 in the manner shown in Figure 6c. If the ring gear 9 is rotated further in the direction of rotation D1, the locking slide 16 is linearly adjusted by the retaining element 21 in the radial direction R8 of the planetary gear 8. In doing so, the locking slide 16 is disengaged from the position shown in Figure 6c. Fig. The position shown in 6c increasingly shifts into the one in Fig. The position shown in Figure 6d is moved translationally, in which the retaining element 21 is not yet fully arranged in the receptacle 22. Once the retaining element 21 is fully arranged in the receptacle 22, the ring gear 9 is locked against further rotation in the direction of rotation D1 by the locking slide 16.

[0044] Fig. 7a to Fig. Figures 7f show partial side views of the drive unit 6 without the vehicle flap 4 and the charging socket 7. The illustrations according to Fig. 7a to Fig. Figures 7f show the drive device 6 during a change of operating state, from an operating state in which the vehicle flap 4 is in its closed position to an operating state in which the vehicle flap 4 is in its open position. The charging socket 7 remains in its non-use position.

[0045] In Fig. 7a is the further retaining element 23, which is fixedly connected to the planet carrier 10 and is fixedly arranged in the further receptacle 24 of the locking slide 16. This prevents the planet carrier 10 from rotating in the locking slide 16. When the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6 drives the ring gear 9 in the direction of rotation D1, the lever element 13 is disengaged from the receptacle 24 of the locking slide 16. Fig. The position shown in 7a increasingly shifts into the one in Fig. The rotational position shown in 7b is adjusted. Simultaneously, the retaining element 21 rotates together with the ring gear 9 in the direction of the cam track 25 of the locking slide 16. With further rotation of the ring gear 9, the retaining element 21 engages in the cam track 25 and adjusts the locking slide 16 in the radial direction R8 of the planetary gear 8. The other retaining element 23 is thereby moved in the position shown in Fig. 7c is led out of the further opening 24 of the locking slide 16 in such a manner as to release the rotationally fixed connection between the locking slide 16 and the planet carrier 10.

[0046] The cam tracks 25 and 26 of the locking slide 16 are each located in the end regions of the locking slide 16. Additionally, the cam tracks 25 and 26 are open in the region of the opposite sides 16A, 16B of the locking slide 16. This allows the retaining elements 21 and 23 to be inserted into and removed from the cam tracks 25 and 26 via these open regions during a rotational movement of the ring gear 9 and the planet carrier 10.

[0047] Furthermore, the cam tracks 25 and 26 each comprise, starting from the open areas, track sections 34 and 35 that run diagonally towards each other, the paths of which each form an acute angle with a longitudinal direction of the locking gate 16. Following track sections 34 and 35 are further track sections 36 and 37 that run towards each other in the longitudinal direction of the locking gate 16 and terminate in the end sections or receptacles 22 and 24 of the cam tracks 25 and 26.

[0048] The track sections 34 and 36 of the cam track 25 are adapted to the track sections 35 and 37 of the cam track 26 such that the retaining element 21 of the ring gear 9 is inserted into the cam track 25 and held there rotationally fixed, depending on the direction of rotation D1 or the opposite direction of rotation D2 of the driven first shaft or the driven sun gear 11, while the retaining element 23 of the planet carrier 10 is simultaneously led out of the cam track 26. Additionally, the track sections 34 to 37 of the cam tracks 25 and 26 are adapted to each other such that the retaining element 23 of the planet carrier 10 is inserted into the cam track 26 and held there rotationally fixed, depending on the direction of rotation D2 of the sun gear 11, while the retaining element 21 of the ring gear 9 is simultaneously led out of the cam track 25.

[0049] Furthermore, the length L28 of the elongated hole 28 of the locking slide 16 and the vertical distances L25, L26 between the end regions 22, 24 of the cam tracks 25, 26 and the open regions of the cam tracks 25, 26 in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide 16 are coordinated with each other. The coordination is such that each end region of the elongated hole 28, which faces away from the end region 22 or 24 of the cam track 25 or 26 respectively, in which the retaining element 21 of the ring gear 9 or the retaining element 23 of the planet carrier 10 is held rotationally fixed, bears against a cylindrical outer surface 38 of the sun gear shaft 29, and no further adjustment of the locking slide in the radial direction R8 of the planetary gear 8 is possible.

[0050] Furthermore, the locking slide 16 and the planetary gear 8 are coordinated in such a way that both the ring gear 9 and the planet carrier 10 can be driven rotationally by the sun gear shaft 29 and the sun gear 11 respectively when the locking slide 16 is in positions between its two end positions.

[0051] The end sections or receptacles 22, 24 of the cam tracks 25, 26 can each be designed with undercuts. The retaining elements 21 and 23 can each be subjected to a holding force via these undercuts, which acts on the retaining elements 21, 23 in the direction of the receptacles 22, 24. This design provides a simple way to prevent any unwanted loosening of the operative connection between the locking slide 16 and the retaining elements 21, 23 when the retaining elements 21, 23 are arranged in the receptacles 22, 24.

[0052] The outer surface 38 of the sun gear shaft 29, which interacts with the end regions of the elongated hole 28, can, in one embodiment of the vehicle 1, be an outer surface of a sleeve 39 rotatably mounted on the sun gear shaft 29.

[0053] Fig. Figure 8a shows the drive device 6 in an operating state in which the vehicle flap 4 is arranged in a position that is almost equivalent to the open position of the vehicle flap 4, and in which the charging socket 7 is in its non-use position.

[0054] The locking slide 16 of the locking mechanism 15 is in Fig. 8a is arranged in an intermediate longitudinal position in which the ring gear 9 and the planet carrier 10 are rotationally driven when the sun gear 11 is rotating, since neither the retaining element 21 is arranged in the receptacle 22 nor the further retaining element 23 in the further receptacle 24. If the sun gear 11 is rotated starting from the position in Fig. In the operating state of the drive device 6 shown in Figure 8a, the drive unit 6A continues to drive the device in the direction of rotation D1. The rotary drive of the drive unit 6A causes the retaining element 21 of the ring gear 9 to move out of the position shown in Figure 8a. Fig. 8a position shown in the Fig. 8b is transferred to the position shown, in which the retaining element 21 is completely arranged in the receptacle 22 of the cam track 25 and the ring gear 9 is held non-rotatably by the locking slide 16.

[0055] If the sun gear 11 is driven further in the direction of rotation D1, the planet carrier 10 is displaced from the Fig. 8a and Fig. 8b each rotation position shown in the Fig. The rotational position shown in 8c is transferred, in which the further holding element 23 no longer engages in the cam track 26 and the further lever element 30 is opposite the one shown in Fig. 8a and Fig. The positions shown in 8b are shifted. Fig. Figure 8d shows the drive device 6 in an operating state in which the vehicle flap 4 is fully open and the charging socket 7 is in its operating position. In this operating state of the drive device 6, the additional retaining element 23 engages positively in a recess 40 of the locking slide 16, which is provided on side 16B of the locking slide 16. The position of the additional retaining element 23 and the position of the recess 40 are coordinated such that the additional retaining element 23 blocks a linear positioning movement of the locking slide 16 in the area of ​​the recess 40, as long as the sun gear 11 is not being driven rotationally in the direction of rotation D2 by the drive unit 6A of the drive device 6.

[0056] A drive of the sun wheel 11 in the direction of rotation D2 starting from the one in Fig. The operating state of the drive device 6 shown in 8d causes the charging socket 7 to first be moved from the operating position to its non-operating position and then the vehicle flap 4 to be moved from the open position to its closed position.

[0057] Fig. 9a to Fig. 9d each essentially represent Fig. 8a to Fig. Figure 8d shows corresponding side views of the drive unit 6 and the vehicle flap 4. These are shown in Fig. 9a to Fig. 9d the charging socket 7 and the linear guide 14 associated with it are not shown, in particular in the operating state of the drive device 6, which is in each case in Fig. 8b and in Fig. As shown in Figure 9b, the position of the further retaining element 23 can be seen in the drawing.

[0058] Fig. 10a and Fig. Figure 10b shows a side view of a part of the drive unit 6, excluding the vehicle flap 4 and the charging socket 7. In this respect, Fig. Figure 10a shows an operating state of the drive device 6 in which the vehicle flap 4 is fully in its open position, while the charging socket 7 is in its non-use position. In contrast, Figure 10a shows an operating state of the drive device 6 in which the vehicle flap 4 is fully in its open position, while the charging socket 7 is in its non-use position. Fig. 10b the drive device 6 in the operating state in which the vehicle flap 4 is arranged in its open position, while the charging socket 7 is in its operating position.

[0059] In general, the vehicle 1 has an innovative charging socket mechanism in which the control of a rotary drive of a drive unit 6A, such as an electric motor or the like, is carried out via a planetary gear and a self-activating locking mechanism associated with the planetary gear for the actuation of the charging socket 7 and the vehicle flap 4. Reference symbol list 1 vehicle 2 Vehicle body 3 Drive unit 4 Vehicle flap 5 Opening 6 Drive device 6A drive unit 7 charging socket 8 planetary gears 9 Ring gear, second shaft of the planetary gear 10 planetary carriers, third shaft of the planetary gear 11 Sun gear, first shaft of the planetary gear 12 planetary gear 13 Lever element 14 Linear guide 15 Locking mechanism 16 locking gates 16A, 16B side of the locking slide 17 Sealing unit 18A, 18B Control track 19A, 19B Coupling element 20, 201 Scenery Guide Track 20A, 201A Scenery track section 20B, 201 B Scenery track section 21 retaining element 22nd recording 23 additional retaining element 24 more recordings 25, 26 Side-mounted track of the locking valve 27 cases 28 slotted holes 29 Sun gear shaft 30 additional lever element 31 side of the charging socket 34 Section of the scenery railway 25 35 Section of the scenery railway 26 36 further track section of the scenery railway 25 37 further track section of the scenery railway 26 38 Outside of the sun gear shaft 39 Sleeve 40 Recess of the locking valve D1, D2 Direction of rotation of the sun gear L25, L26 vertical distance L28 Length of the slot R8 radial direction of the planetary gear x Vehicle longitudinal direction y vehicle transverse direction z Vehicle lifting direction

Claims

[1] Drive device (6) with at least one drive unit (6A) with at least one planetary gear (8) with a first shaft (11), a second shaft (9) and at least one third shaft (10), wherein a drive torque of the drive unit (6A) can be introduced into the planetary gear (8) via the first shaft (11) and an output torque can be extracted from the planetary gear (8) via the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10), characterized by , that a self-activating locking mechanism (15) is provided by means of which the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10) of the planetary gear (8) can be alternately made rotationally fixed, while either the second shaft (9) or the third shaft (10) can be driven rotationally by the drive unit (6A) via the first shaft (11). [2] Drive device according to claim 1, characterized by, that the locking mechanism (15) comprises a retaining element (23) which is fixedly connected to the third shaft (10) and engages in a rotationally fixed receptacle (24) during an operating state of the planetary gear (8) in which the third shaft (10) is held in a rotationally fixed position. [3] Drive device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the locking mechanism (15) comprises a retaining element (21) which is fixedly connected to the second shaft (9) and engages in a rotationally fixed receptacle (22) during an operating state of the planetary gear (8) in which the second shaft (9) is held in a rotationally fixed position. [4] Drive device according to claim 3, characterized by , that the recordings (22, 24) of the locking mechanism (15) each represent end areas of cam tracks (25, 26) of a locking slide (16) which can be moved longitudinally between two end positions. [5] Drive device according to claim 4, characterized by, that the locking slide (16) which is linearly mounted in the area of ​​a housing (27) extends in the radial direction (R8) of the planetary gear (8) and is provided with an elongated hole (28) into which the first shaft (11) engages and which extends in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide (16) in the locking slide (16). [6] Drive device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by , that the cam tracks (25, 26) are each provided in opposite end regions of the locking slide (16), wherein the cam tracks (25, 26) are open in the area opposite sides (16A, 16B) of the locking slide (16) and the retaining elements (21, 23) can be inserted into and removed from the cam tracks (25, 26) during a rotational movement of the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10) via the open regions of the cam tracks (25, 26). [7] Drive device according to claim 6 , characterized by, that the cam tracks (25, 26) starting from the open areas are each designed with track sections (34, 35) running diagonally towards each other, the courses of which each form an acute angle with a longitudinal direction of the locking slide (16) and to which further track sections (36, 37) running towards each other in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide (16) are connected, which comprise the end areas (22, 24) of the cam tracks (25, 26). [8] Drive device according to claim 7, characterized by, that the track section (34 or 36) of a scenery track (25 or 26) is connected to the further track section (37 or 36) in such a way as to35) is adapted to the other cam track (26 or 25) such that the retaining element (21) of the second shaft (9) is inserted into the cam track (25) assigned to the retaining element (21) of the second shaft (9) depending on the direction of rotation (D1) of the driven first shaft (11) and held there in a rotationally fixed position, while the retaining element (23) of the third shaft (10) is simultaneously led out of the cam track (26) assigned to the retaining element (23) of the third shaft (10), and that the retaining element (23) of the third shaft (10) is inserted into the cam track (26) assigned to the retaining element (23) of the third shaft (10) depending on the direction of rotation (D2) of the driven first shaft (11) and held there in a rotationally fixed position, while the retaining element (21) of the second shaft (9) is simultaneously led out of the cam track (25) assigned to the retaining element (21) of the second shaft (9). is. [9] Drive device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized by, that a length (L28) of the elongated hole (28) of the locking slide (16) in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide (16) and vertical distances (L25, L26) between the end regions (22, 24) of the cam tracks (25, 26) and the open regions of the cam tracks (25, 26) in the longitudinal direction of the locking slide (16) are coordinated such that each end region of the elongated hole (28), which is opposite the end region (22, 24) of the cam track (25, 26), in which the retaining element (21) of the second shaft (9) or the retaining element (24) of the third shaft (10) is held rotationally fixed, abuts a cylindrical outer surface (38) of the first shaft (11). [10] Drive device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized by , that both the second shaft (9) and the third shaft (10) can be driven rotationally by the first shaft (11) when the locking slide (16) is in positions between its two end positions. [11] Drive device according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized by , that the receptacles (22, 24) of the stage tracks (25, 26) are each designed with undercuts, via which the retaining elements (21, 23) can each be subjected to a holding force which acts on the retaining elements (21, 23) in the direction of the receptacles (22, 24). [12] Drive device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by , that the outer surface (38) of the first shaft (11), which interacts with the end regions of the elongated hole of the locking slide (16), is an outer surface of a sleeve (39) rotatably mounted on the first shaft (11). [13] Drive device according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterized by , that the retaining elements (21, 23) each engage with cylindrical areas in the cam tracks (25, 26) of the locking slide (16). [14] Drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by, that the first shaft (11) is designed as a sun gear, the second shaft (9) as a ring gear and the third shaft (10) as a planet carrier, wherein at least one planet gear (12) is rotatably mounted on the planet carrier (10), which meshes with both the sun gear (11) and the ring gear (9). [15] Drive device according to any one of claims 2 to 14, characterized by , that at least one of the retaining elements (23) of the locking mechanism (15) can be inserted into a recess (40) of the locking slide (16) in a form-fitting manner, wherein a position of the retaining element (23) and a position of the recess (40) are coordinated such that the retaining element (23) blocks a linear positioning movement of the locking slide (16) when there is a form-fitting connection between the retaining element (23) and the locking slide (16) in the area of ​​the recess (40).

Images