Battery system with at least two battery modules and a cover

Abstract

Battery system (1) comprising at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) and a cover (3), wherein - the cover (3) has a contacting module (19) which has a first contacting terminal (20) for electrically contacting a first battery module (21) and at least a second contacting terminal (22) for contacting a second battery module (23), - the at least two contact terminals (20, 22) are arranged such that, in an attached state of the cover (3) on the battery system (1), the at least two battery modules (21, 23) are simultaneously electrically contacted, - in an attached final state of the cover (3) on the battery system (1) at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) are electrically contacted simultaneously, and - the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) each have a housing (4), wherein the housings (4) each have connecting elements (5) with which the housings (4) are positively connected to each other.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a battery system comprising at least two battery modules and a cover.

[0002] In motor vehicles, especially electric vehicles, the numerous driver assistance systems for automated and / or autonomous driving create diverse requirements for energy supply reliability. The wide variety of vehicle types and / or configurations results in different requirements depending on the specific vehicle and, in particular, on the functions and assistance systems used. In this context, energy supply is a crucial factor in automated vehicles.

[0003] For example, lead-acid batteries used previously for energy supply in vehicles are gradually being replaced by lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] For example, lead-acid batteries or lithium starter batteries without an additional voltage tap and with their own fuses are currently used in vehicles. Depending on safety requirements, additional energy storage devices are integrated into the vehicle's electrical system to create redundancy and thus increase energy supply reliability. To make highly automated vehicles more efficient, in particular, lead-acid batteries have been replaced by lithium-ion batteries. These are used for 12-volt energy storage. A lithium starter battery, for example, can have an energy content or capacity of 40 amp-hours. For higher energy or power demands, 60 amp-hour lithium starter batteries can be used.To achieve the required capacity, cell stacks made of pouch cells are used, designed to fit into the so-called H-box. This format refers to the standardized dimensions of lead-acid batteries in motor vehicles. The lithium-ion cells, with a capacity of 20 amp-hours and a nominal voltage of, for example, 3 volts, are connected in series so that four cells connected together provide the required nominal voltage of 12 volts. The energy storage capacity is then increased by connecting several cell rows, for example, four, in parallel.

[0005] For example, a 40 amp battery uses two parallel cell rows, each with four cells connected in series.

[0006] For example, US patent 2015 / 0295430A1 discloses a system of interchangeable and configurable battery modules connected to a management module. Each battery module can consist of a large number of battery cells. The management module allows for the monitoring and control of both charging and discharging processes.

[0007] Furthermore, US patent 2020 / 0313249A1 discloses battery packs that can be used for a wide variety of applications. Each battery pack has its own independent data processing unit.

[0008] DE 10 2018 129 653 A1 discloses a housing cover for a battery housing of a high-voltage battery.

[0009] Furthermore, EP 3 989 345 A1 and US 2021 / 0 249 728 A1 disclose battery systems with a modular design.

[0010] One object of the present invention can be seen as making a battery system, in particular for use in motor vehicles, more universal, so that the battery system can be configured more easily for a wide variety of applications.

[0011] This problem is solved by a battery system according to the independent patent claim. Meaningful further developments arise from the dependent patent claims.

[0012] One aspect of the invention relates to a battery system with at least two battery modules and with a cover, wherein in an attached final state of the cover on the battery system the at least two battery modules are simultaneously electrically contacted.

[0013] The battery system can be a battery assembly or battery device. It can be used, for example, in electric vehicles, vehicles with combustion engines, or hybrid vehicles. Other applications are also conceivable.

[0014] In its final state, the cover can simultaneously make electrical and / or data-related contact with at least two battery modules, and in particular with all battery modules of the battery system. Thus, all battery modules of the battery system can be electrically, data-wise, and / or mechanically contacted or connected to one and the same unit or device, i.e., the cover.

[0015] In particular, the battery system can be designed in a modular fashion, with the battery modules being able to be connected to each other in a modular fashion. The electrical and final contact or termination is achieved using the cover.

[0016] For example, in the final state of the cover, the battery system can be electrically and data-wise / communication-wise connected to at least one external electrical consumer. This electrical consumer could be, for example, an electric machine, a motor vehicle, or another system that requires a battery system.

[0017] With the cover in its final position, the battery modules can be viewed as closed from the outside.

[0018] According to the invention, the at least two battery modules each have a housing, the housings each having connecting elements with which the housings are positively connected to one another. The housings of the battery modules are designed in such a way that a modular system is present. Thus, any number of battery modules can be connected to one another in a modular fashion. The housings are designed such that any number of battery modules can be connected to one another in a wide variety of arrangements.

[0019] For example, the housing could be made of plastic. Other materials are also conceivable.

[0020] For example, the housings could be stackable housings with a guide mechanism. These housings can be manufactured cost-effectively using an extrusion process. This allows various battery modules to be connected modularly and with a positive fit. For instance, a dovetail joint can be used as a connection method.

[0021] Furthermore, the housings, which are particularly designed as angular housings, are especially advantageous in automotive applications, as they have beneficial crash protection properties.

[0022] The cover has a contacting module which has a first contacting terminal for electrically contacting a first battery module and at least a second contacting terminal for contacting a second battery module, wherein the at least two contacting terminals are arranged such that in an attached state of the cover on the battery system the at least two battery modules are electrically contacted simultaneously.

[0023] The cover allows for a modular and flexibly configurable battery system. Using the cover for the battery modules, any number of modules can be easily connected electrically, electronically, and / or mechanically. This allows the battery system to be configured and designed more universally, depending on the application or situation. Consequently, the battery system can have an improved level of integration, enabling it to be individually configured for a wide variety of vehicle types, for example.

[0024] In particular, the cover offers significant advantages for a modular battery system. For example, various battery modules within the system can be electrically and controllably connected using the same cover. The cover can be adapted to the number and / or configuration of the battery modules. The battery system could, for instance, be a modular on-board battery system that can be used as adaptable vehicle batteries in a wide variety of vehicle types and models.

[0025] The cover enables the provision of a modular, flexibly configurable 12-volt lithium-ion energy storage system with high redundancy for safety-critical applications. This is particularly advantageous in the automotive sector.

[0026] Furthermore, the cover enables a very high degree of integration, particularly for the battery system, which offers significant advantages in terms of packaging and cost, especially in highly automated vehicles. The modular approach also allows for excellent interchangeability of the individual battery modules, which is beneficial for the service concept of highly automated vehicles, especially electric vehicles. This is achieved by connecting the individual battery modules using the cover's contact module. Thus, the individual battery modules are not connected to each other independently, but rather via the cover. This allows, for example, the replacement of a single battery module. Additional battery modules can also be easily added.Since the contact module is part of the cover, a separation between the cover and the battery modules is possible, allowing for the use of a high proportion of identical parts. Only the cover needs to be adapted to specific projects, applications, and / or situations. This offers significant potential for cost savings and reduces development costs by using as many identical parts as possible.

[0027] In particular, the cover allows for a simple design of the battery system, thus also enabling easy installation of the battery system. This can lead to a cost-optimized battery system, especially for use in electric vehicles.

[0028] The cover can be a higher-level device or unit with which central control, contacting, and data exchange of any number of battery modules of the battery system or battery arrangement can be carried out.

[0029] In particular, the cover is both an electrical and a mechanical unit.

[0030] For example, the cover can be referred to as a battery logic module, cover device, cover module or central logic unit.

[0031] For example, the battery system can be referred to as a battery array, vehicle battery, starter battery, or on-board battery. The battery system can comprise a large number of battery modules. A battery module can be one of many batteries within the battery system.

[0032] The first and at least the second contact terminals allow for electrical and / or data communication between the two battery modules. These contact terminals can correspond to terminals on the individual battery modules. When the cover is attached to the battery system, the contact module simultaneously establishes electrical contact between at least two battery modules. This results in efficient, and in particular synchronous, contacting of all battery modules. Accordingly, the cover can be used to connect any number of battery modules simultaneously, i.e., at the same time, electrically, data-wise, and / or mechanically, thus enabling the cover to function as a central unit for connecting all battery modules.

[0033] For example, when the cover is attached or arranged on the battery system, at least two battery modules can be completely covered by the cover. Thus, the cover can also seal the battery modules from the outside, protecting, for example, the internal area of ​​each battery module from external influences such as dust, dirt, and water. It is also conceivable that the battery system has only one battery module, in which case the cover can be used to protect that single module.

[0034] Specifically, the appropriate condition can be achieved by mounting, joining, or connecting the cover to the battery system.

[0035] In one embodiment, the first contact terminal and at least the second contact terminal each have a first contact pin for electrically connecting a positive terminal of a battery module and a second contact pin for electrically connecting a negative terminal of a battery module. This allows each voltage tap of the battery modules to be electrically connected to the contact terminals. Thus, efficient electrical contacting of the battery modules can be achieved using the contact module. The contact pins can be designed to establish a simple yet stable electrical connection between the electrical terminals of the battery modules. For example, a plug-in contact principle can be used for this purpose.

[0036] In one embodiment, the contact module is arranged in an interior area of ​​the cover, and when the cover is attached to the battery system, the contact module is invisible from the outside. This protects the contact module, and in particular the electrical contacts, from dirt, water, or dust. Thus, the electrical and / or data connection components are located within the interior, cavity, or space of the cover. Specifically, when the cover is attached, the electrically sensitive connections of the battery modules are located within this interior space, so the cover protects these sensitive areas.Thus, when the cover is attached to the battery system, the contact module and therefore the contacting mechanism are invisible from the outside, i.e., from the perspective of an observer standing in the vicinity of the battery system. This results in a compact external appearance for the battery system.

[0037] In addition to the contacting module, further electrical, digital, data technology and / or other control or monitoring units can be arranged inside the cover, so that these are stored or positioned in the interior of the cover and are not visible from the outside and are also protected from damage and / or environmental influences by the cover.

[0038] In a further embodiment, the cover is provided with a cover base element, which has at least recesses for the first and at least the second contact connection, wherein the interior is closed off with respect to one contact side of the cover by means of the cover base element. Thus, the cover base element can be understood as the lower closure of the cover, so that the units and / or components within the interior are better protected. When the cover is installed, the cover base element is located between the interior and the top surfaces or contact sides of the battery modules. The contact side of the cover, through which the battery modules are connected, is located in the area of ​​the cover base element.Thus, viewed from below, the cover base element can be positioned on the underside of the cover. Furthermore, the cover base element can be used to spatially define, close off, or seal the interior of the cover.

[0039] The cover base element can be described as the subfloor or base plate of the cover.

[0040] Furthermore, the cover base element has recesses or feedthroughs, depending on the cover design and, in particular, the number of battery modules to be connected, through which the connections intended for electrical and / or data communication with the battery modules can be routed. Thus, for example, the contact connections, and especially the contact pins, can be guided or inserted through the recess, providing even better protection for the interior while simultaneously enabling efficient contact with the battery modules.

[0041] In one embodiment, for example, the cover is provided with at least one battery management system for controlling the at least two battery modules, wherein the at least one battery management system is arranged on the contact module. The battery management system (BMS) can control the connected battery modules to provide a voltage or current. Furthermore, the battery management system can be used to monitor and check the connected battery modules. For example, the cover can have a higher-level battery management system for controlling all battery modules of the battery system. It is also conceivable that the cover has several battery management systems, in particular one for each battery module. The at least one battery management system can be arranged on the contact module.This means the battery management system can also be located protected inside the cover.

[0042] Additionally or instead, the contacting module has at least one interface unit with which the at least one battery management system can be connected to at least one of the at least two battery modules via a signal connection. Thus, when the battery modules are contacted by the contacting module, a signal connection can be established in addition to the electrical connection. For this purpose, the interface unit can also have corresponding configurations that correspond to the relevant connections on the battery modules, so that when the battery modules are contacted by means of the contacting module or a contacting device, the battery modules are electrically connected and signal-wise connected to the battery management system for further control and monitoring.

[0043] The interface unit can be, for example, a communication interface or an interface in general. For instance, the interface unit can have a CAN interface or a LIN interface. For example, the interface unit serves to connect the battery modules to the battery management system via a digital bus.

[0044] In one embodiment, the cover further provides for a first battery management system, which is assigned to a first battery module of at least two battery modules. The first battery management system can, in turn, be at least one of the battery management systems of the cover itself. It is also conceivable that the first battery management system is a higher-level battery management system comprising individual systems or individual sub-battery management systems. Thus, for example, the first battery management system can be assigned to a first battery module, enabling the first battery module to be controlled and / or monitored by means of the first battery management system.

[0045] Additionally, the coverage extends to at least one second battery management system, which is assigned to a second battery module of at least two battery modules. This second battery management system can be either a standalone system or a sub-system of a higher-level system. The first and second battery management systems can be connected to each other via a contact bridge, enabling them to exchange data and information, and in particular, to be networked in terms of signaling and communication.This has the advantage, for example, that if one of the two battery management systems fails or malfunctions, the other battery management system can at least temporarily take over the tasks of the failed system. This provides redundancy in the monitoring and control of the battery modules.

[0046] The two battery management systems can be arranged on the contact module, i.e., in the inner area of ​​the cover.

[0047] Additionally or instead, the contacting module can be configured to separate at least two battery modules depending on a given requirement. This can be achieved particularly efficiently with at least one of the two aforementioned battery management systems. Thus, for example, the battery modules can be separated or disconnected from each other as required. The circuits of the battery modules can therefore be separated from each other as needed, depending on a current requirement, especially when standard and safety-critical loads are powered by the battery system.

[0048] For example, the required information could include the state of charge of the battery system or battery modules, the utilization of the battery system, or a safety-critical condition.

[0049] Individually connecting the battery modules is particularly advantageous if a fault is detected in at least one of the battery modules. This allows the failed battery module to be isolated through appropriate wiring.

[0050] In one embodiment, the cover further includes a cooling device for cooling the contact module and / or the at least two battery modules, with the cooling device being arranged on the contact module. The cooling device can be, in particular, an electrical or electromechanical cooling unit or cooling system. This can be used to prevent overheating or overloading, especially under high battery system load. The cooling device can be configured to provide multiple cooling circuits to cool the various areas or units of the battery management system.In particular, the cooling device can be located inside the cover, enabling effective cooling of the electronic or electrical units or systems within the cover. The cooling device can also include cooling channels that extend from the inside of the cover, through recesses in the cover base element, to the battery modules, thus cooling or temperature-controlling them as well. Specifically, the cooling device can be a temperature control device allowing for various temperature settings.

[0051] Additionally or instead, the cover can have a degassing device. This serves to safely vent any gaseous medium that may occur in at least one of the at least two battery modules. The battery system can also include a battery module so that the medium can be vented from this module. Physical and / or thermal processes can cause gases to form in batteries, and especially in battery modules, which in the worst case can lead to an explosion or damage to the battery module and, in particular, the battery system. These potentially generated gases must therefore be efficiently vented as soon as they occur.Since the battery system is sealed by the cover when it is in place, the degassing device is crucial for efficiently venting or directing the gases to an external area of ​​the battery system. This makes the battery system safer, which is particularly important when used in a vehicle.

[0052] In a further embodiment, the housing top, formed by the interconnected housings, is at least partially, and in particular completely, covered by the cover. Depending on how many battery modules with their housings and connecting elements are connected, a specific housing top is formed within the overall structure. The housing top is thus formed by the upper surfaces of the interconnected housings. The cover can completely cover or conceal this housing top. Specifically, the battery modules are located in individual housings that are open when viewed from above. Therefore, the cover prevents dust, dirt, or water from entering the housing. Accordingly, the cover can be designed as a lid for the battery system.Thus, the interconnected housings, which form a cohesive overall housing, can be closed off with a cover similar to a lid or end cap. This results in a compact, and in particular modular, structure for the battery system.

[0053] Additionally or instead, the cover can be used to seal the top of the housing. This provides a tight seal, preventing water from entering the housing containing the battery modules. The battery system is thus efficiently protected and prepared for a wide range of applications.

[0054] For example, an area, or even the entire surface, of the housing's top surface, formed by the individual sub-surfaces of the housing's top surface, can correspond to a bottom surface of the cover. For instance, the cover's bottom element can have an area equal to the surface of the housing's top surface. This allows the assembled housings of the battery modules to be enclosed and thus sealed.

[0055] A battery or battery module according to the invention comprises at least one, and in particular several, electrically interconnected battery cells, wherein such a battery cell preferably provides a voltage in the range of 3.5 to 4.0 volts. Such a battery cell can, for example, be designed as a prismatic cell, a pouch cell, or a cylindrical cell. The battery is preferably designed as a low-voltage battery. This can, for example, provide an electrical voltage of 12 volts. A battery management system or control unit can, in particular, be understood as the control and regulation unit of a battery module or a battery pack. For control purposes, the battery management system can include one or more processor units, such as microcontrollers, field-programmable gate arrays, FPGAs, or other integrated circuits.

[0056] The invention also includes combinations of the features of the described embodiments.

[0057] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the invention. This is illustrated by: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a battery system with a cover; Fig. 2 an exemplary setup at the module level of the battery system Fig. 1; Fig. 3 an exemplary exploded view of a battery module of the battery system made of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a schematic view of the underside of the cover Fig. 1.; Fig. 5 more examples of how to display the cover Fig. 1; Fig. 6 an exemplary exploded view of the cover made of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 another embodiment of the battery system made of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 another embodiment of the battery system made of Fig. 1; Fig. 9 another embodiment of the battery system made of Fig. 1; and Fig. 10 another embodiment of the battery system made of Fig. 1.

[0058] The embodiments described below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In these embodiments, the described components each represent individual features of the invention that can be considered independently of one another. Each of these features further develops the invention independently and can therefore be considered part of the invention individually or in a combination other than that shown. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by other features of the invention already described.

[0059] In the figures, functionally identical elements are each provided with the same reference symbols.

[0060] In Fig. Figure 1, for example, depicts a battery system or battery arrangement. In particular, the battery system can be an electrical energy storage device for an electrically powered vehicle. Specifically, the battery system can be an electrical energy storage system or an electrical vehicle electrical system battery.

[0061] In Fig. Figure 1 shows the battery system 1 as an example of a compact unit. The battery system 1 can consist of several battery modules 2 or cell modules. The battery system 1 can have any number of battery modules 2. For example, the battery modules are lithium-ion batteries with a voltage of, say, 12 V. The battery system 1 is designed to be particularly modular and, in particular, flexibly configurable. For this purpose, the battery system 1 is designed in a modular and / or building block style. In this regard, the battery system 1 can have a cover 3. This cover 3 serves, for example, as a lid for the battery system 1. The lid can, for example, be a lid-like logic module or logic device. When attached or arranged on the battery system 1, the cover 3 can cover or completely enclose the battery modules 2.

[0062] In order to provide a flexibly configurable, modular battery system 1, the battery modules 2 each have a housing 4 (see figure). Fig. 2). For example, these can be stackable housings made of plastic. These housings 4 are designed so that they can be connected to each other in a modular fashion. For this purpose, the housings 4 have corresponding connecting elements 5 (see Figure 2). Fig. 2) on. These connecting elements 5 can be dovetail joints. Using the connecting elements 5, which are arranged on various sides of the housings 4, the housings 4 of the battery modules 2 can be positively connected to one another. In the assembled or connected state of the housings 4 of the battery modules 2, the individual housings 4 form a complete housing 6 of the battery system 1.

[0063] This overall housing 6 can, for example, be used in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the cover 3 completely covers or seals the battery modules 2, which are arranged or positioned inside the overall housing 6, when viewed from above. This protects the battery modules 2 from water, dirt, and / or dust. The overall housing 6 has a top surface 7 when viewed from above. When the cover 3 is attached, this top surface 7 is completely covered by the cover 3. In other words, the cover 3 rests on the top surface 7. The top surface 7 is formed by the respective top surfaces of the individual housings 4. In particular, the top surface 7 is formed by the interconnected housings 4. The cover 3 allows the top surface 7 to be covered, at least partially, and in particular completely. The cover 3 thus serves as a lid for the overall housing 6 or the battery system 1.Furthermore, the cover 3 can be designed in such a way that in the final state, i.e. when the cover 3 is finally connected to the battery system 1, the top of the housing 7 and in particular the overall housing 6, viewed from above, is sealed or protected against water or dust.

[0064] For example, battery system 1 can be used as a highly redundant 12 V lithium-ion energy storage system for safety-critical applications. In this case, it can provide a voltage of, for example, 12 V.

[0065] The cover 3 can, for example, have a degassing device 8 or a degassing port. This serves to discharge any gaseous medium or gas that may occur or develop from at least one of the battery modules 2 to the outside. Furthermore, the cover 3 can have communication interfaces 9. These can be, for example, a CAN interface and / or a LIN interface. These serve to connect the battery system 1 to higher-level systems. This is particularly important for use in vehicles, for example, to network the battery system 1 with the vehicle's electrical system. The cover 3 can also have electrical connections 10. These can be a positive and a negative connection. In particular, these can be designed as terminal connectors.With these, the battery system 1 can, for example, supply electrical power to an electrical consumer, such as a vehicle component or the vehicle's electrical system.

[0066] The battery system 1 according to the invention can increase the integrity level for vehicle safety within a risk classification scheme. This is defined, for example, in the ISO 26262 standard. Thus, the cover 3 and, in particular, the battery system 1 can provide a vehicle battery that exhibits a high automotive safety integrity level (ASIL).

[0067] Furthermore, the modular design of battery system 1 offers a simpler way to combine two or more separate energy storage units, i.e., battery modules 2, into a single component. For example, the cover 3 can be considered a modular basic component of battery system 1. Battery system 1 also features a simple modular structure. This allows battery modules 2 and / or the cover 3 to be easily replaced in case of defects or technical failures. The housings 4 allow battery system 1 to be expanded at any time with additional battery modules 2.

[0068] In Fig. Figure 3 shows an exploded view of an exemplary assembly of a battery module 2. Such a battery module 2, or cell module, has several cell stacks 11. In this example, each cell stack 11 can be configured with four individual cells. Each of these cells can, for example, have a storage capacity of 20 Ah. These cells of the cell stack 11 can be electrically connected in series to achieve a required nominal voltage of, for example, 12 V. Furthermore, the battery module 2 has a busbar holder 12, or bus rail, which is arranged on the cell stack 11. A connector module 13 is attached to this busbar for contacting the cells. The battery module 2 has a connector module holder at its upper end. The entire assembly is housed in a casing 4.As a lower termination, a base plate 15 can be provided below the housing 4. This can be made of aluminum and, for example, welded to the housing 4.

[0069] For example, each battery module 2 can have integrated or separate sensors for voltage and temperature monitoring. This data or information can be provided via a signal interface 18, which is designed in the form of a connector.

[0070] Furthermore, the battery module has two power interfaces. These power interfaces are, in particular, a positive terminal 16 and a negative terminal 17 of the battery module 2. Thus, 12V+ can be present at the positive terminal 16 and 12V- at the negative terminal 17.

[0071] To protect these components of the battery module 2, particularly from mechanical stress, they are arranged within the housing 4. For example, the housing 4 can be made of an aluminum alloy. Extruded profiles, which are characterized by low costs and tight component tolerances, can be used for the design of the housing 4. This is particularly advantageous in crash situations. The housing 4 has a guide mechanism, specifically the connecting elements 5, on all side surfaces, which allows for a mechanically robust, positive-locking connection with the other housings 4 of the other battery modules 2.

[0072] For example, several battery modules 2 can be arranged in a multi-module arrangement. In one embodiment, this can form the overall housing 6 of the battery system 1 and be covered or closed by the cover 3 in a final state.

[0073] In Fig. Section 4 explains the cover 3 in an exemplary embodiment. In this exemplary embodiment, Fig. Figure 4 shows a view from below. This side is the one that extends towards the top of the housing 7. For example, a connection for the degassing device 8 is shown, which allows any gas generated inside to be routed to the outside via the cover 3.

[0074] With the aid of the cover 3, the battery modules 2 of the battery system 1 can be electrically contacted simultaneously when the cover 3 is attached or arranged on the battery system 1. For this purpose, the cover 3 has a contacting module 19, in particular an electrical or electromechanical one (see figure). Fig. 5) This contacting module 19 can provide a first contact terminal 20 for electrically contacting a first battery module 21 (see Figure 1). Fig. 2) and a second contact terminal 22 for contacting a second battery module 23 (see Fig. 2) of the battery modules 2. The two battery modules 21, 23 can be electrically and / or data-wise contacted simultaneously via the contact terminals 20, 22. The contact terminals 20, 22 can be arranged such that, in an attached state or in a final state of the cover 3 on the battery system 1 or on the overall housing 6, at least two battery modules 21, 23 or all battery modules 2 are electrically contacted simultaneously. For good electrical contact, the first contact terminal has a first contact pin 24 and a second contact pin 25. For example, a positive terminal 16 of a battery module 2 can be contacted using the first contact pin 24. A negative terminal 17 of the battery modules 2 can then be electrically contacted using the second contact pin 25.Similarly, the second contact terminal 22 also has a first contact pin 26 and a second contact pin 27 for contacting the positive terminal 16 and negative terminal 17 of a battery module 2.

[0075] Furthermore, in the Fig. Figure 4, for example, shows that the cover 3 has an interface unit 28. This unit can, for example, have two signal interfaces, as shown. These interfaces serve to establish a communication connection with the battery modules 2. For this purpose, the signal interface unit 28 can be connected or contacted with a respective signal interface 18 of a battery module 2.

[0076] In particular, cover 3 can be designed for "plug and play" installation on battery system 1. This allows for easy assembly and repair. Cover 3 can, for example, have a high IP protection rating. Furthermore, cover 3 can incorporate a dedicated degassing zone. This zone can be physically separated from the electronic components of cover 3, allowing any gas produced to be safely vented outside of battery system 1.

[0077] In the Fig. Figure 5, for example, is a top view of cover 3, and as already mentioned in the Fig. Figure 4 shows an interior view from below. The contact module 19, for example, can be seen here.

[0078] For example, the cover 3 has an interior space 29. This can be, for example, a cavity or an interior space within the cover 3. This space serves to accommodate electronic and / or mechanical and / or digital components. In particular, the contact module 19 is arranged or attached within the interior space 29. When the cover 3 is installed, as shown in the Fig. 1. The interior area 29 and, in particular, the contact module are not visible from the outside.

[0079] In the Fig. Figure 6 shows an exploded view of the cover 3 in a further embodiment. Here, for example, it can be seen that the cover 3 can have a cover base element 30. This serves in particular as a final cover for the cover 3, especially in the direction of where the battery system 1 is mounted.

[0080] In particular, the cover 3 can be used for a contacting process of the battery modules 2 in an installation direction 31 (compare Fig. 2) or mounting direction onto the battery modules 2 and in particular onto the battery system 1.

[0081] The cover 3 can be attached to the battery system 1 as intended in the mounting direction 31.

[0082] Viewed in this direction 31, the cover base element 30 is arranged in the lower area of ​​the cover 3. In particular, the inner area 29 can be closed or covered by means of the cover base element 30. Specifically, the inner area 29 can be closed or spatially limited or closed with respect to a contact side 32 of the cover 3 by means of the cover base element 30. In order to ensure that the contact terminals 20, 22 and the interface unit 28 remain capable of contact, the cover base element 30 can have recesses 33 or feedthroughs. For example, recesses can be provided or cut out for the contact pins 24 to 27 and the signal interfaces of the interface unit 28.

[0083] In particular, the attached cover base element on the underside or contact side 32 of the cover 3 can seal the interior area 29 from the outside. Thus, the electronic units or electronic components in the interior area 29 can be protected from water and / or dust.

[0084] Since the cover 3 can also be referred to as a logic module, in one embodiment the cover 3 can have at least one battery management system 34. This can, for example, be a higher-level unit which has sub-management systems. However, in another embodiment it can also be provided that the cover 3 has one battery management system 35, 36 for each battery module 2. Thus, in this case, the cover 3 can have a first battery management system 35 for the first battery module 21 and a second battery management system 36 for the second battery module 23. The battery management systems 34, 35, 36 serve in particular for controlling, monitoring, and checking the battery modules 2, 21, 23. The battery management systems 34, 36 can, in turn, be arranged on the contact module 19 and / or on a top surface of the cover base element 30.For example, the interface unit 28 can also or additionally connect the battery management systems 34, 35, 36 to the battery modules 2, 21, 23 via signal technology.

[0085] For example, several battery management systems can be interconnected via a contact bridge 37, enabling them to communicate with each other. Any number of battery management systems 34 can be networked with each other or with each other using multiple contact bridges. For example, the individual battery modules 2, 21, 23 can be connected in series or in parallel using the battery management systems 34, 35, 36 as a contacting module 19, depending on a requirement such as a state of charge or a load.

[0086] Since any number of battery modules 2 and the associated electronics or control units can be arranged within the battery system 1, the cover 3 can be a cooling device 38 (compare Fig. 5) or temperature control unit. This can, for example, also be arranged on the contact module 19. The cover 3 is explained in other words below. The cover 3 or the logic module can consist of a sealed housing, i.e., the overall housing 6.

[0087] The cover 3 can include at least one battery management system 34. For this purpose, the battery management system 34 can include isolating elements and busbars for controlling the battery modules 2. Depending on the desired or required safety standard or safety objective, the cover 3 can be configured to use one or more battery management systems 34, each of which can be assigned to a separate battery module 2 and thus provide the required redundancy. The battery management systems 34 can be identical components. Communication between the battery management systems 34 is achieved, for example, via the contact bridge 37.

[0088] The cover 3 can simultaneously form the lid of the battery system 1 and can be equipped with all electrical and mechanical interfaces to the vehicle, for example, and to the battery modules 2.

[0089] The cover 3 is mounted onto the assembled battery modules 2 using a "plug and play" system. This allows for easy and cost-effective replacement of components, for example, if a part fails. Individual battery modules 2, as well as the cover 3, can be easily replaced with new or intact units. The battery modules 2, or cell modules, can be identical and can be positively connected in any number. A suitable arrangement of the battery modules 2 allows the power and signal interfaces to be oriented in defined directions, enabling the cover 3 to be fitted, which has the corresponding counterparts for these interfaces.Depending on the safety requirements and energy demand of battery system 1, different storage configurations can be created from varying numbers of battery modules 2 and project- or application-specific coverage 3, thus generating or designing different energy network architectures for battery system 1.

[0090] Compared to a conventional 12-volt starter battery, the modular battery system 1 can be configured with multiple, separately fused power connections. For example, it could have the standard 12-volt connection, as with any starter or auxiliary battery, and additionally one or more 12-volt connections, such as special connections for safety-relevant components. These could primarily be autonomous systems.

[0091] For example, the modular battery system 1 can be represented by two or more separately fused battery modules 2 with the same structure, in which serially connected lithium-ion cells are located in the cell stack 11. Each of these battery modules 2 has a separate housing 4, which is characterized by a guide mechanism that allows a positive-locking connection to be realized with any number of further battery modules 2.

[0092] For example, cover 3 can be described as a battery control unit or logic module. Its form factor allows it to extend over all the connected battery modules 2 and, due to the arrangement of the electrical interfaces, it automatically connects to the battery modules 2 during assembly.

[0093] Depending on the required configuration, the battery modules 2 can be interconnected using the cover 3 and the energy network architecture can be defined at the same time.

[0094] By using identical parts, as in a modular system, costs can be reduced and defective individual modules can be replaced easily and cost-effectively.

[0095] For example, the battery modules 2 can be connected to each other using different connection types. Screw connections or adhesive solutions can also be used for this purpose.

[0096] The following figures illustrate possible embodiments or representations of the battery system 1.

[0097] In the Fig. Figure 7 shows battery system 1 as a single-module application, specifically as a two-terminal storage device. Here, the battery module 2, including housing 4, is shown first without cover 3, and then again in an assembled state, i.e., with cover 3 in place.

[0098] In the Fig. 8 shows a more detailed representation, similar to the one in the Fig. Figure 1 shows two battery modules 2. A compact setup is shown here.

[0099] This allows for the implementation of a dual-module application in a compact design. This can be implemented, for example, as a two-terminal storage device or as a four-terminal ASIL storage device.

[0100] In the Fig. Figure 9 also shows a dual-module application, but in this case, the two battery modules 2 are arranged in a flat, specifically elongated, configuration. In this case, the cover 3 would also be elongated. The cover 3 always corresponds to the housing 4 or to the overall housing 6.

[0101] In the Fig. Figure 10 illustrates a multi-module application in an exemplary embodiment. For this, three battery modules 2 are shown in a compact arrangement. Here, two-pole storage configurations as well as X-pole ASIL storage arrangements are again possible. Depending on the application area of ​​the battery system 1, it can be flexibly configured. This is achieved through the modular design principle. Reference symbol list 1 battery system 2 battery modules 3 Cover 4 cases 5 connecting elements 6 Total housing 7 Top of the case 8 Degassing device 9 Communication interface 10 electrical connection 11 cell stack 12 bus stop holders 13 Connector module 14 Connector module holders 15 End plate 16 Positive pole 17 Negative pole 18 Signal interface 19 Contacting module 20 first contact point 21 first battery module 22 second contact terminal 23 second battery module 24 first contact pin 25 second contact pin 26 first contact pin 27 second contact pin 28 Signal interface unit 29 Indoor area 30 Cover floor element 31. Mounting direction 32 Contact page 33 cutouts 34 Battery Management System 35, 36 first and second battery management system 37 Contact bridge 38 Cooling unit

Claims

[1] Battery system (1) comprising at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) and a cover (3), wherein - the cover (3) has a contacting module (19) which has a first contacting terminal (20) for electrically contacting a first battery module (21) and at least a second contacting terminal (22) for contacting a second battery module (23), - the at least two contact terminals (20, 22) are arranged such that, in an attached state of the cover (3) on the battery system (1), the at least two battery modules (21, 23) are simultaneously electrically contacted, - in an attached final state of the cover (3) on the battery system (1) at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) are electrically contacted simultaneously, and - the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) each have a housing (4), wherein the housings (4) each have connecting elements (5) with which the housings (4) are positively connected to each other. [2] Battery system (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the first contact terminal (20) and the at least second contact terminal (22) each have a first contact pin (24, 26) for electrically contacting a positive terminal 16) of a battery module (2) and a second contact pin (25, 27) for electrically contacting a negative terminal (17) of a battery module (2). [3] Battery system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the contacting module (19) is arranged in an interior area (29) of the cover (3), wherein, in the attached state of the cover (3) on the battery system (1), the contacting module (19) is arranged invisibly from the outside. [4] Battery system (1) according to claim 3, characterized by , that the cover (3) has a cover base element (30) which has at least recesses (33) for the first and at least the second contact connection (20, 22), wherein the interior area (29) is closed off by means of the cover base element (30) with respect to a contact side (32) of the cover (3). [5] Battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the cover (3) has at least one battery management system (34) for controlling the at least two battery modules (21, 23), wherein the at least one battery management system (34) is arranged on the contacting module (19), in particular the contacting module (19) has at least one interface unit (28) with which the at least one battery management system (34) can be connected to at least one of the at least two battery modules (21, 23) via signal technology. [6] Battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the cover (3) - a first battery management system (35) which is assigned to a first battery module (21) of at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23), and - has at least a second battery management system (36) which is assigned to a second battery module (23) of the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23), wherein the first and second battery management systems (35, 36) are connected to each other by means of a contact bridge (37), and the first and second battery management systems (35, 36) are arranged on the contacting module (19), in particular the contacting module (19) is designed to separate the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23) depending on a request information. [7] Battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the cover (3) - a cooling device (38) for cooling the contacting module (19) and / or the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23), wherein the cooling device (38) is arranged on the contacting module (19), and / or - has a degassing device (8) for removing any potentially occurring gaseous medium in at least one of the at least two battery modules (2, 21, 23). [8] Battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a housing top (7) formed by the interconnected housings (4) is at least partially, in particular completely, covered by means of the cover (3), in particular the cover (3) is designed as a lid for the battery system (1), in particular the housing top (7) is sealed by means of the cover (3).

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