Cooling structure for a battery cell for an electrical energy storage system of an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle, as well as arrangement for an electrical energy storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling structure (12) for a battery cell (14) for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle, comprising at least one cooling channel (16) for guiding a cooling fluid (20), and a receiving surface (22) for arranging the battery cell (14) on the receiving surface (22), wherein the cooling channel (16) extends at least partially below the receiving surface (22), characterized in that a venting channel (24) is formed adjacent to the cooling channel (16) within the cooling structure (12), which corresponds at least partially to the receiving surface (22). The invention further relates to an arrangement (10).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a cooling structure for a battery cell for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle according to the applicable patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle.

[0002] Cooling structures that can cool corresponding battery cells in an electrical energy storage device are already known in the prior art. For example, structures are known in which the battery cell is mounted on a base plate, with the base plate in turn cooling the battery cell. Furthermore, cooling structures are also known that can be arranged between individual battery cells and thus realize battery cell cooling.

[0003] Furthermore, it is already known in the prior art that corresponding venting gases can be introduced into a venting channel via venting openings within the battery cell, so that an explosion of the battery cell can be prevented in the event of a thermal runaway of the battery cell via the venting opening.

[0004] DE 10 2021 102 908 A1 relates to a degassing device for discharging gases from a battery for a motor vehicle, which comprises at least one first battery cell with at least one releasable first degassing opening, wherein the degassing device has at least one first gas chamber which can be fluidically coupled to the releasable first degassing opening of the at least one first battery cell, so that gas escaping from the degassing opening can be introduced into the at least one first gas chamber, and has a particle trap device for cutting off particles from the gas flowing through the particle trap device, wherein the particle trap device is fluidically connected to the at least one first gas chamber.In this case, the degassing device provides a first flow path from at least one first gas space into the particle trap device, the cross section of which is larger than that of the at least one first gas space within at least one region of the particle trap device.

[0005] DE 10 2021 104 277 A1 relates to a venting channel for a battery of a motor vehicle, wherein the venting channel is designed for arrangement on a battery module of the battery, which comprises at least one battery cell with an at least releasable venting opening. The venting channel has an opening region through which, if the venting channel is arranged on the battery module, gas escaping from the venting opening can be introduced at least partially into an interior of the venting channel. The opening region has a shielding element designed to at least largely prevent gas flowing through the venting channel via the opening region from escaping from the venting channel through the opening region.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a cooling structure and an arrangement by means of which an improved operation of a battery cell can be realized.

[0007] This object is achieved by a cooling structure and an arrangement according to the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

[0008] One aspect of the invention relates to a cooling structure for a battery cell for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, having at least one cooling channel for guiding a cooling fluid, and having a receiving surface for arranging the battery cell on the receiving surface, wherein the cooling channel runs at least partially below the receiving surface.

[0009] It is provided that a venting channel is formed within the cooling structure adjacent to the cooling channel, which venting channel corresponds at least in part to the receiving surface.

[0010] In particular, the cooling structure thus has a dual function. Firstly, the cooling structure is designed to cool the battery cell during operation. Furthermore, the cooling structure has the venting channel so that corresponding gases, for example in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, can be discharged via this venting channel. This has the advantage that the dual function can be performed using a single structural element. Furthermore, it also makes it possible for the venting channel to be cooled via the cooling fluid in the cooling channel, thus preventing further thermal runaway of other battery cells. In particular, this further increases safety within the electrical energy storage device.

[0011] Thus, the cooling and degassing channels are functionally integrated within the cooling structure. Cooling of the battery cells during thermal runaway can be achieved through the cooling structure. Furthermore, cooling of the gases during thermal runaway of the battery cells can also be achieved.

[0012] This can increase the mechanical strength of the electrical energy storage device and its components. Furthermore, it increases safety by enabling a manageable state during thermal runaway of a battery cell.

[0013] In particular, the invention enables the functional integration of cooling, structural components, as well as protective measures against thermal runaway and underbody protection within the cooling structure of the electrical energy storage device, which is designed in particular as a high-voltage battery. This allows for bottom cooling of the battery cells, for example lithium-ion battery cells, during operation in a very compact installation space. Furthermore, the structural strength of the battery can be increased. Likewise, the integration of underbody protection against intrusion can be realized. Furthermore, a directed removal of hot gases during a thermal runaway of a battery cell and the simultaneous cooling of these gases and the neighboring cell can be realized.

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment, the cooling structure has at least one additional cooling channel. In particular, the cooling channels are arranged opposite one another. Thus, cooling of the battery cell and any venting gases can be achieved via two cooling channels.

[0015] It has also proven advantageous to form a venting channel between the cooling channel and the additional cooling channel. In particular, the venting channel is essentially formed between the two cooling channels. This allows venting gases to be cooled from two sides within the venting channel. This increases safety.

[0016] It is also advantageous if the cooling structure is formed from an extruded profile. This allows for a simple cooling structure to be provided.

[0017] A further advantageous embodiment provides for the cooling structure to be made of aluminum. Aluminum cooling structures are cooling structures already used in automotive construction. Furthermore, aluminum is very lightweight, allowing for a lightweight cooling structure to be provided in the motor vehicle.

[0018] It is also advantageous if the cooling structure has a crash structure below the cooling channel and / or below the venting channel. In particular, the crash structure can thus additionally protect the electrical energy storage device from external influences. Thus, the cooling structure can be provided in a highly functional manner, providing both a cooling function and a venting gas discharge function, as well as a crash protection function.

[0019] A further aspect of the invention relates to an arrangement for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, comprising at least one battery cell and a cooling structure according to the preceding aspect, wherein the battery cell is arranged on the cooling structure.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment of the arrangement, the battery cell is arranged on the cooling structure such that the venting opening of the battery cell corresponds to an opening in the venting channel. Thus, if the venting opening on the battery cell bursts, for example, the venting gas can be introduced directly into the venting channel. The venting channel, in turn, is coupled, for example, to the surroundings of the electrical energy storage device, so that the venting gases can be dissipated accordingly.

[0021] It is also advantageous if at least the venting opening is designed as an elongated hole. This makes it easy to provide a structurally secure venting opening.

[0022] It is also advantageous if cell poles of the battery cell are formed on a first side of the battery cell, wherein the first side is formed opposite a second side of the battery cell, and wherein the battery cell is arranged with the second side on the cooling structure. In other words, the battery cell has the two cell poles on an upper side. The connection to the cooling structure, for example, is in turn constructed on an underside. Furthermore, the battery cell, for example, has the corresponding venting opening on the underside. In this way, a reliable arrangement can be created which enables an electrical connection to the battery cell in a simple manner and at the same time increases safety thanks to the venting opening in the underbody.

[0023] Yet another aspect of the invention relates to an electrical energy storage device with at least one arrangement according to the preceding aspect.

[0024] Furthermore, the invention also relates to a motor vehicle with at least one electrical energy storage device according to the preceding aspect. The motor vehicle is designed, in particular, as an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle or a fully electrically powered motor vehicle.

[0025] Advantageous embodiments of the cooling structure are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the arrangement, the electrical energy storage device and the motor vehicle.

[0026] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0027] Showing: Fig. 1 A schematic sectional view according to an embodiment of an arrangement with an embodiment of a cooling structure; and Fig. 2 A further schematic sectional view of an embodiment of an arrangement with an embodiment of a cooling structure.

[0028] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0029] Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of an arrangement 10. In the following exemplary embodiment, the arrangement 10 has at least one cooling structure 12 and one battery cell 14. In the present exemplary embodiment, the battery cell 14 is designed, in particular, as a round cell. The arrangement 10 is designed, in particular, for an electrical energy storage device (not shown) of an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle (not shown). In particular, the cooling structure 12 can be designed such that a plurality of battery cells 14 can be arranged on the cooling structure 12.

[0030] The cooling structure 12 has at least one cooling channel 16 for conducting a cooling fluid 20. Furthermore, the cooling structure 12 has a receiving surface 22 for arranging the battery cell 14 on the receiving surface 22, wherein the cooling channel 16 extends at least partially below the receiving surface 22.

[0031] It is provided that a venting channel 24 is formed within the cooling structure 12 adjacent to the cooling channel 16, which venting channel corresponds at least in regions to the receiving surface 22.

[0032] The Fig. 1 shows in particular that the cooling structure 12 can have a further cooling channel 18. Furthermore, the Fig. 1 in particular that the venting channel 24 is formed between the cooling channel 16 and the further cooling channel 18.

[0033] Furthermore, it is particularly provided that the cooling structure 12 is formed essentially from an extruded profile. In particular, the cooling structure 12 can be formed from aluminum, for example.

[0034] Furthermore, the Fig. 1, that the cooling structure 12 has a crash structure 26 below the cooling channel 16 and / or below the venting channel 24.

[0035] Furthermore, the Fig. 1, that the battery cell 14 has a venting opening 28, wherein the venting opening 28 of the battery cell 14 corresponds to a venting opening 30 within the cooling structure 12.

[0036] In particular, this results in a functional integration of cooling, structural components, degassing duct, in particular venting duct 24, and underbody protection into a single component as cooling structure 12. A degassing opening or venting opening 28 is formed, however, in particular on an underside 32 of the battery cell 14. The remaining cell base corresponds in particular to the cooling ducts 16, 18. The cooling ducts 16, 18 and the venting duct 24, as structural components, contribute to increasing battery strength. An underbody protection can be integrated, in particular, with the defined crash area, especially with the defined crash structure 26 in the extruded profile.

[0037] This has the particular advantage that temperature input, in particular hot gas 34, and temperature removal, in particular the cooling fluid 20, are on the same side, so that the cell temperature is kept low to prevent thermal runaway. The gases 34 are cooled by the high thermal mass of the extruded profile and by the cooling fluid 20, so that an even temperature distribution and no hot spots are formed. The venting channel 24 and the cooling channels 16, 18 contribute to the structural strength of the electrical energy storage device. The functional integration has a component and cost reduction function. The protective structure in the underbody protects the battery cells 14 from high loads. This allows the force to be distributed over large areas by the struts, so that low forces or mechanical stress act on the battery cells 14.Furthermore, energy dissipation through deformation can be achieved by the crash structure 26, so that lower forces act on the battery cells 14. The extruded profiles can absorb forces even in side or frontal crashes and protect the cell assembly from intrusion.

[0038] Fig. Figure 2 shows a further schematic sectional view of an embodiment of an arrangement 10. In the present exemplary embodiment, it is shown in particular that the venting opening 28 of the battery cell 14 is designed in particular as an elongated hole. In this case, it can then be provided that, for example, the venting opening 30 of the cooling structure 12 is also designed as an elongated hole. Furthermore, it is shown in particular that cell poles 36, 38, in other words in particular the positive pole and negative pole, are formed on the top side of the cell, so that the corresponding venting openings 28, 30 are formed opposite one another. List of reference symbols 10 Arrangement 12 Cooling structure 14 battery cells 16 cooling channel 18 Additional cooling channel 20 Cooling fluid 22 Recording area 24 venting channel 26 Crash structure 28 Venting opening 30 venting opening 32 floor area 34 Gas 36 cell pole 38 cell pole QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2021 102 908 A1

[0004] DE 10 2021 104 277 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Cooling structure (12) for a battery cell (14) for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, with at least one cooling channel (16) for guiding a cooling fluid (20), and with a receiving surface (22) for arranging the battery cell (14) on the receiving surface (22), wherein the cooling channel (16) extends at least partially below the receiving surface (22), characterized by that a venting channel (24) is formed within the cooling structure (12) adjacent to the cooling channel (16), which venting channel corresponds at least in regions to the receiving surface (22). [2] Cooling structure (12) according to claim 1, characterized by that the cooling structure (12) has at least one further cooling channel (18). [3] Cooling structure (12) according to claim 2, characterized by that the venting channel (24) is formed between the cooling channel (16) and the further cooling channel (18). [4] Cooling structure (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the cooling structure (12) is formed from an extruded profile. [5] Cooling structure (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the cooling structure (12) is made of aluminum. [6] Cooling structure (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the cooling structure (12) has a crash structure (26) below the cooling channel (16) and / or below the venting channel (24). [7] Arrangement (10) for an electrical energy storage device of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, with at least one battery cell (14) and with a cooling structure (12) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery cell (14) is arranged on the cooling structure (12). [8] Arrangement (10) according to claim 7, characterized bythat the battery cell (14) is arranged on the cooling structure (12) such that a venting opening (28) of the battery cell (14) corresponds to an opening (30) of the venting channel (26). [9] Arrangement (10) according to claim 8, characterized by that at least the venting opening (28, 30) is designed as an elongated hole. [10] Arrangement (10) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by that cell poles (36, 38) of the battery cell (14) are formed on a first side of the battery cell (14), wherein the first side is formed opposite a second side of the battery cell (14), and wherein the battery cell (14) is arranged with the second side on the cooling structure (12).

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