Method for charging a high-voltage battery and electrically operated vehicle

Abstract

Method for charging an electrically operated vehicle (10) with a high-voltage battery, wherein during the charging process a position and / or spatial orientation of a front hood (20) of the vehicle (10) is changed from its intended position for driving the vehicle (10), characterized in that the front hood (20) is moved by means of at least one actuator (30), wherein the at least one actuator (30) is controlled and / or regulated by means of an electronic control unit (40), and wherein for controlling and / or regulating the at least one actuator (30) in the control unit (40), at least a charging power of the high-voltage battery and / or a calculated waste heat power of the high-voltage battery is evaluated.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for charging an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery, wherein, during the charging process, a position and / or spatial orientation of a front hood of the vehicle is changed from its intended position for driving the vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery, wherein, during a charging process of the high-voltage battery, a front hood of the vehicle can be changed in its position and / or spatial orientation from its intended position for driving the vehicle by means of at least one actuator.

[0002] During the rapid charging process of a high-voltage battery in an electrically powered vehicle while stationary, the battery's waste heat is typically dissipated into the ambient air via a heat exchanger in the front of the vehicle. Due to the limited airflow in the engine compartment, the heated air can only escape to the environment to a limited extent. Especially when stationary during the charging process, the air must be forced through the heat exchangers by a fan. Achieving the highest possible airflow through the heat exchanger is crucial for the amount of heat dissipated at the heat exchanger.

[0003] DE 10 2019 208 578 A1 discloses an active front hood device for continuous operation connected to an advanced driver assistance system, comprising a rotating arm attached to a front hood of a vehicle, a rotatable bracket configured to be rotated in conjunction with the rotating arm when a rotating force is applied to the rotatable bracket, a first connection connecting the rotatable bracket and the rotating arm, and a motor unit attached to a vehicle body and configured to apply a rotating force to the rotatable bracket.Furthermore, the front hood device comprises a controller configured to receive driving information of the vehicle via an advanced driver assistance system and to adjust a folding / installing height of the front hood and to operate the motor unit to perform folding and retracting of the front hood when a collision is expected based on the received driving information.

[0004] DE 10 2006 061 367 B4 discloses a motor vehicle body with a front hood assembly having adjusting means configured to change the position and orientation of a front hood from a basic position depending on the vehicle speed. The adjusting means are configured to change the position of the front hood to a high-speed position with a position modified from the basic position and with increased aerodynamics. Furthermore, the adjusting means are configured to change the position of the front hood after high-speed driving and at elevated engine compartment temperatures such that a larger cooling air inlet area is created compared to the basic position.

[0005] DE 10 2019 122 619 A1 discloses a battery-operated motor vehicle, wherein the battery and / or power electronics can be arranged in a battery compartment and cooled by a fluid, wherein the fluid can be conveyed and cooled by a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger can be supplied with cooling air by a fan, and wherein, in a direction of travel of the motor vehicle, the heat exchanger is arranged upstream of the battery and / or the power electronics. In this case, a cooling air guide element is arranged behind the heat exchanger in the flow direction of the cooling air, which guides the heated cooling air into an area remote from the fan.

[0006] From DE 10 2017 215 522 A1 a system for cooling at least one unit of a vehicle is known, wherein the system has at least one cooling module and at least one movable body module.

[0007] An object of the invention is to provide an improved method for charging an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery.

[0008] A further task is to create an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery that can be charged using such an improved method.

[0009] The above-mentioned objects are solved by the features of the independent claims.

[0010] Advantageous embodiments and advantages of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawing.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, a method for charging an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery is proposed, wherein during the charging process a position and / or spatial orientation of a front hood of the vehicle is changed from its intended position for driving the vehicle.

[0012] The proposed method for charging an electric or hybrid vehicle enables improved heat dissipation during the charging process of the vehicle battery. For this purpose, the position and / or orientation of the vehicle's front hood is changed using an actuator to achieve a larger flow cross-section in the outflow area behind the heat exchanger and thus increase the amount of heat that can be dissipated. The front hood is controlled depending on certain parameters relevant to cooling, such as the volume flow rates and temperatures of the cooling media flowing through the heat exchangers.

[0013] The actively controlled front hood can be raised using suitable kinematics and actuators, allowing the air flowing through the heat exchanger to escape more easily. The increased flow cross-section in the outflow area behind the heat exchanger significantly reduces backpressure and thus pressure loss in the outflow paths, thus increasing the airflow and the amount of heat dissipated.

[0014] This allows the air flowing out of the engine compartment after the cooling module to escape more easily. The reduced pressure loss due to less accumulation volume in the engine compartment allows for increased volume flow through the vehicle radiators, which leads to increased heat dissipation from the heat exchangers.

[0015] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, a flow cross-section for outflowing air in the outflow area of ​​a heat exchanger of a cooling and / or refrigeration circuit of the vehicle can be increased by changing the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood. Advantageously, a gap between the front hood and the body can be variably increased by changing the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood. This can effectively increase the air flow for cooling.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood can be controlled and / or regulated at least as a function of thermal variables in the vehicle's cooling and / or refrigeration circuit and / or thermal variables of the high-voltage battery. Thus, the cooling of the charging components and / or the high-voltage battery can be adapted to the ambient conditions and the current requirements of the charging components and / or the high-voltage battery.

[0017] According to the invention, the front hood is moved by at least one actuator. In particular, the front hood can be raised by the at least one actuator on a side facing a windshield. Thus, an actuator intended to raise the front hood for passenger protection in the event of an accident can also be advantageously used to increase the flow cross-section for air flow during cooling.

[0018] The at least one actuator is controlled and / or regulated by an electronic control unit. This allows the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood to be variably adjusted to the current cooling requirements in order to achieve improved cooling during the charging process.

[0019] To control and / or regulate the at least one actuator, at least one charging power of the high-voltage battery and / or a calculated waste heat output is evaluated in the control unit. Furthermore, it can be provided that, to control and / or regulate the at least one actuator, at least one of the following variables is evaluated in the control unit: battery temperature, volume flows and / or pressures and / or temperatures of cooling media of the heat exchanger through which it flows, ambient temperature, air pressure, air humidity, charging current, charging voltage of the high-voltage battery, and control of a heat exchanger fan. This allows the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood to be variably adapted to the current cooling requirements in order to achieve improved cooling during the charging process.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, an algorithmic model with at least one of the variables can be used to control and / or regulate the at least one actuator. This allows a situation-dependent decision to actively vent the engine compartment during the charging process of the high-voltage battery.

[0021] According to a further aspect of the invention, an electrically operated vehicle with a high-voltage battery is proposed, wherein during a charging process of the high-voltage battery, a front hood of the vehicle can be changed in its position and / or spatial orientation from its intended position for driving the vehicle by means of at least one actuator.

[0022] In the proposed electrically powered vehicle, improved heat dissipation can be achieved during the charging process of the vehicle battery using the method described above for charging an electric or hybrid vehicle. For this purpose, the position and / or orientation of the vehicle's front hood is changed by means of an actuator in order to achieve a larger flow cross-section in the outflow area behind the heat exchanger and thus increase the amount of heat that can be dissipated. The front hood is controlled depending on certain parameters relevant to cooling, such as the volume flows and temperatures of the cooling media flowing through the heat exchangers.

[0023] The actively controlled front hood can be raised using suitable kinematics and actuators, allowing the air flowing through the heat exchanger to escape more easily. The increased flow cross-section in the outflow area behind the heat exchanger significantly reduces backpressure and thus pressure loss in the outflow paths, thus increasing the airflow and the amount of heat dissipated.

[0024] This allows the air flowing out of the engine compartment after the cooling module to escape more easily. The reduced pressure loss due to less accumulation volume in the engine compartment allows for increased volume flow through the vehicle radiators, which leads to increased heat dissipation from the heat exchangers.

[0025] According to the invention, an electronic control unit is provided on the vehicle to control the actuator. This allows the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood to be variably adjusted to the current cooling requirements in order to achieve improved cooling during the charging process.

[0026] To control and / or regulate the at least one actuator in the control unit, at least one charging power of the high-voltage battery and / or a calculated waste heat output of the high-voltage battery is evaluated.

[0027] According to an advantageous embodiment of the vehicle, the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood can be controlled and / or regulated, at least depending on thermal variables in the vehicle's cooling and / or refrigeration circuit and / or thermal variables of the high-voltage battery. This allows a decision to actively ventilate the engine compartment during the charging process of the high-voltage battery, depending on the situation.

[0028] Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0029] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of an electrically operated vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, which can be charged according to a method according to the invention.

[0030] In the figure, identical or similar components are numbered with the same reference numerals. The figure shows only an example and is not to be understood as limiting.

[0031] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electrically operated vehicle 10 according to an embodiment of the invention, which can be charged according to a method according to the invention.

[0032] In the vehicle 10, during a charging process of the high-voltage battery, the front hood 20 can be changed in its position and / or spatial orientation from its intended position for driving the vehicle 10 by means of an actuator 30. For this purpose, an electronic control unit 40 for controlling the actuator 30 is present on the vehicle side, by means of which the actuator 30 can be controlled and / or regulated.

[0033] According to the proposed method for charging the high-voltage battery of the vehicle, the front hood 20 is lifted from its normal closed state and, for example, tilted during the charging process.

[0034] Such a position of the front hood 20 is in Fig. 1 with the dotted line. The front hood 20 is raised on the side 14 facing the windshield 12 by means of the actuator 30 in the opening direction 22, indicated by the solid arrow.

[0035] The flow cross-section for outflowing air in the outflow area of ​​a heat exchanger of a cooling and / or refrigeration circuit of the vehicle 10 is increased by the raised position of the front hood 20. The air flow 50 from the engine compartment is symbolically represented by the open arrow.

[0036] Due to the increased flow cross-section in the outflow area behind the heat exchanger, the back pressure and thus the pressure loss on the outflow paths can be significantly reduced, thus increasing the air flow and the amount of heat dissipated.

[0037] Due to the reduced pressure loss caused by less storage volume in the engine compartment, an increased volume flow through the vehicle radiators can be achieved, which leads to an increased waste heat output of the heat exchangers.

[0038] Alternatively, however, it would also be possible for the front hood 20 to be raised parallel to its normal position on the body. Furthermore, it would also be possible to change the spatial orientation of the front hood 20 so that the front hood 20 is tilted toward a longitudinal side of the vehicle 10.

[0039] Advantageously, the position and / or spatial orientation of the front hood 20 can be controlled and / or regulated at least as a function of thermal variables in the cooling and / or refrigeration circuit of the vehicle 10 and / or thermal variables of the high-voltage battery.

[0040] To control and / or regulate actuator 30, at least one of the following variables can be evaluated in control unit 40: battery temperature, volume flows and / or pressures and / or temperatures of cooling media flowing through the heat exchanger, ambient temperature, air pressure, air humidity, charging power of the high-voltage battery, in particular charging current, charging voltage, calculated waste heat output of the high-voltage battery, and control of a heat exchanger fan. At least one of the variables can then be used in an algorithmic model to control and / or regulate actuator 30. This allows a decision to actively ventilate the engine compartment during the charging process of the vehicle's high-voltage battery, depending on the situation. List of reference symbols 10 vehicles 12 Windshield 14 pages 20 Front hood 22 Opening direction 30 Actuator 40 Control unit 50 airflow

Claims

[1] Method for charging an electrically operated vehicle (10) with a high-voltage battery, wherein during the charging process a position and / or spatial orientation of a front hood (20) of the vehicle (10) is changed from its intended position for driving the vehicle (10), characterized by that the front hood (20) is moved by means of at least one actuator (30), wherein the at least one actuator (30) is controlled and / or regulated by means of an electronic control unit (40), and wherein at least one charging power of the high-voltage battery and / or a calculated waste heat output of the high-voltage battery is evaluated in the control unit (40) for controlling and / or regulating the at least one actuator (30). [2] Method according to claim 1, wherein a flow cross-section for outflowing air in the outflow region of a heat exchanger of a cooling and / or refrigeration circuit of the vehicle (10) is increased by the position and / or the spatial orientation of the front hood (20). [3] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the front hood (20) is raised by means of the at least one actuator (30) on a side (14) facing a windshield (12). [4] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein for controlling and / or regulating the at least one actuator (30) in the control unit (40) at least one of the variables - Battery temperature, - Volume flows and / or pressures and / or temperatures of cooling media of flowing heat exchangers, - ambient temperature, - air pressure, - Humidity, - Charging current, charging voltage of the high-voltage battery, - Control of a fan which is evaluated by the heat exchanger. [5] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an algorithmic model with at least the charging power of the high-voltage battery, and / or the calculated waste heat output of the high-voltage battery, and / or with at least one of the variables according to claim 4 is used to control and / or regulate the at least one actuator (30). [6] An electrically operable vehicle (10) having a high-voltage battery, wherein during a charging process of the high-voltage battery, a front hood (20) of the vehicle (10) can be changed in its position and / or spatial orientation from its intended position for driving the vehicle (10) by means of at least one actuator (30), characterized bythat an electronic control unit (40) for controlling the at least one actuator (30) is present on the vehicle side, wherein at least one charging power of the high-voltage battery and / or a calculated waste heat output of the high-voltage battery is evaluated in the control unit (40) for controlling and / or regulating the at least one actuator (30).

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