Fastening device for at least one cable to a motor vehicle component and motor vehicle

Abstract

Fastening device (10) for at least one line (12) on a motor vehicle component, comprising a fastening element (14) which is designed to be fastened to the motor vehicle component, and comprising a spring element (16) supported on the fastening element (14) and designed to hold the at least one line (12) by encompassing the line (12) circumferentially, wherein the spring element (16) comprises at least one spring arm (26) which is supported at one end against the fastening element (14) and is designed to support the line (12) with its free end (30) at the other end in order to dampen vibrations of the line (12) relative to the fastening element (14), wherein the spring arm (26) has at least one deflection (32) along its longitudinal direction from its end assigned to the fastening element (14) to its free end (30), wherein - the spring element (16) has two through-openings (34) spaced apart from one another, the respective central axes of which are arranged next to one another perpendicular to the axial direction and through which a line (12) can be inserted, whereby the respective line (12) is circumferentially enclosed by the spring element (16), and / or - the spring element (16) is designed as a circumferential band which can enclose the line (12) on the circumference, with an outer band element (18) which is radially supported on the outer circumference on the fastening element (14) and from which the at least one spring arm (26) projects radially inwards and ◯ the spring element (16) has a circumferential inner band element which is enclosed radially outwardly over its entire circumference by the outer band element (18), on which the free end (30) of the at least one spring arm (26) is held, and which is designed to be applied circumferentially to the line (12) over its entire circumference, whereby the inner band element encloses the line (12), and / or ◯ several spring arms (26) project radially inwards from the outer band element (18), two spring arms (26) which are immediately adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction (U) abut one another with their free end (30), and the two spring arms (26) together form a polygon, in particular a square, in cross-section.

Description

The invention relates to a fastening device for at least one line on a motor vehicle component and to a motor vehicle.DE 10 2014 109 270 A1 discloses a line fixing device for fixing an electrical line to a plug, having a first shell element having a first fixing element for exerting a pressure against the line and having a first housing connecting element for connecting the first shell element to a housing element of the plug. Furthermore, the line fixing device comprises a second shell element having a second fixing element for exerting a pressure against the line and a second housing connecting element for connecting the second shell element to the housing element of the plug. The first and second shell elements are configured such that they can be connected to one another such that they together surround the line in a substantially annular manner and the first and second housing connecting elements form a positive connection with the housing element of the plug when the line fixing device is mounted on the housing element.Furthermore, EP 1 493 954 B1 discloses a two-part line clamp for fastening a line. The two-part conduit clip includes a body having an opening and an insert inserted into the opening. The body and insert form a notch in the opening for receiving and retaining a lead therein.DE 10 2018 200 979 A1 discloses a line fixing element for fixing an electrical line running in an axial direction in an electrical plug. The line fixing element has an outer ring which is designed to surround the line annularly, and a plurality of support elements which are arranged within the outer ring as viewed in a radial direction and are designed to bear against an outer surface of the line, at least one support element being coupled to the outer ring by means of a spring element.It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution by means of which a structure-borne sound transmission from a line to a motor vehicle component can be kept particularly low.This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims, the description and the figures. Features, advantages and possible configurations which are set forth in the context of the description for one of the subject matters of the independent claims are to be regarded at least analogously as features, advantages and possible configurations of the respective subject matter of the other independent claims and of each possible combination of the subject matters of the independent claims, optionally in conjunction with one or more of the dependent claims.The invention relates to a fastening device for at least one line on a motor vehicle component. The line is in particular a coolant line which is configured to carry coolant. The fastening device is provided to keep a structure-borne sound transmission from the coolant line to the motor vehicle component particularly low. For this purpose, the fastening device comprises a fastening element and a spring element supported on the fastening element. The fastening element is configured to be fastened to the motor vehicle component. This means that the fastening device can be fastened to the motor vehicle component via the fastening element. The spring element is configured to hold the at least one line by circumferentially engaging around the line. The line can thus be held on the spring element and fastened to the motor vehicle component via the spring element. By building up and reducing spring tension in the spring element, oscillations of the line can be damped, as a result of which transmission of structure-borne noise from the line to the motor vehicle component can be damped, in particular prevented. It is thus made possible that the line can be held securely on the one hand due to the support of the spring element against the fastening element and on the other hand the oscillations can be reliably damped.The spring element comprises at least one spring arm which is supported at one end against the fastening element and is configured to support the line at the other end with its free end in order to damp the oscillations of the line with respect to the fastening element. This means that the spring element is configured to be fixedly connected at one end to the fastening element and thus via the fastening element to the motor vehicle component and at the other end to be fixedly connected to the line, whereby the oscillations of the line relative to the motor vehicle component can be damped by deforming the spring element.In order to damp these oscillations particularly strongly, it is provided that the spring arm has at least one deflection along its longitudinal extension direction from its end assigned to the fastening element to its free end assigned to the line. The deflection is to be understood as meaning that the spring element experiences a change of direction with respect to its longitudinal extent in the region of the deflection. The spring element thus has at least one bend. This bending or the at least one kink of the spring element provides a predetermined bending point or a predetermined bending point of the spring element, at which point the spring element can be elastically bent or elastically kinked in order to allow a relative movement of the line relative to the motor vehicle component when used as intended, as a result of which oscillations of the line with respect to the motor vehicle component are damped. By providing the predetermined bending point or the predetermined bending point, the spring element bends particularly easily or bends particularly quickly as soon as the line oscillates, whereby a transmission of oscillations from the line to the motor vehicle component can be particularly well prevented. The fastening device thus enables particularly good damping of the oscillations of the line with respect to the motor vehicle component.In the invention, it is provided that the spring element has two through-openings spaced apart from one another, the respective central axes of which are arranged next to one another perpendicular to the axial direction. This means that the central axes are arranged next to one another at a distance from one another, wherein the central axes are arranged in particular parallel to one another. A line can be inserted through each of these through openings, whereby the respective line is surrounded on the circumference by the spring element. Because the spring element has two through-openings spaced apart from one another, the oscillations of two lines relative to the fastening element can be compensated for by means of this one spring element. Because the respective through-openings are arranged at a distance from one another, the spring element enables transmission of the oscillations between the lines to be prevented particularly well by damping oscillations between the lines. It is possible that the spring element comprises an inner band element for each through-opening, which band element delimits the respective through-opening. The dimensions and the positions of the respective through-openings can thus be precisely predefined by the two inner band elements. In addition, the respective inner band elements make it possible for a respective contact region, in which the at least one spring arm, in particular the plurality of spring arms, are to be positioned relative to the respective lines inserted into the through-openings, to be precisely predefined on account of the connection of the respective free ends of the respective spring arms to the inner band elements. As a result, a particularly high damping effect of the spring element can be achieved in a particularly reliable manner.Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the spring element is designed as a circumferential band which can circumferentially enclose the line. In particular, the spring element is configured to enclose the line circumferentially when used as intended. The spring element comprises an outer band element which is designed to be closed circumferentially. The outer band element is radially supported on the outer circumference side on the fastening element, whereby the spring element is fixed in its position relative to the fastening element. On this outer band element of the spring element, the at least one spring arm protrudes radially inward. As a result, the spring arm can be placed with its free end against the line when the outer band element is arranged peripherally enclosing the line. In other words, the spring element, in its configuration as a circumferential band, has at least one through-opening, through which the line for fastening to the fastening element can be inserted. By forming the spring element as a circumferential band, the line can be held particularly securely by the fastening device by circumferentially encircling enclosing the line by means of the spring element.In this context, it can be provided that the spring element has an inner band element which is surrounded radially outwards over its entire circumference by the outer band element and on which the free end of the at least one spring arm is held. This means that the free ends of all the spring arms of the spring element are held on the inner band element, whereby all the spring arms of the spring element are positioned precisely. By bonding the respective free ends of all spring arms to the inner band element, undesired slipping of the respective free end of the spring arm relative to the line can be particularly well avoided when used as intended. This ensures reliable damping of oscillations of the line with respect to the fastening element. This inner band element is in particular configured circumferentially and is configured to be laid circumferentially around the line. In particular, the inner band element is configured to be circumferentially applied to the line over the entire circumference thereof, whereby the inner band element encloses the line. By this enclosing, the line is held particularly securely on the fastening device. As a result, the position of the line relative to the motor vehicle component can be held particularly securely by means of the fastening device, wherein the position of the line relative to the motor vehicle component within the outer band element can vary as a result of oscillations depending on the deflection of the line.Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that a plurality of spring arms project radially inward from the outer band element. Because the spring element has a plurality of spring arms which project radially inward from the outer band element and can each be supported against the line, oscillations of the line in a particularly large number of different directions can be damped particularly well by means of the spring element. Of these spring arms, two spring arms directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction can be designed mirror-symmetrically to one another. The mirror-symmetrical configuration of the spring arms directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction is to be understood to mean that these spring elements are oriented mirror-invertedly with respect to one another with respect to their deflection. The deflection takes place in particular about an axis running in the axial direction of the fastening device. Here, the axial direction of the fastening device coincides with a longitudinal extension direction of the line in the fastened state of the line to the fastening device. Because the deflections of the spring arms run opposite to one another in the case of the spring arms adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction, oscillations of the line in particularly many different directions can be damped particularly well by means of the spring element.Furthermore, it is provided that two spring arms directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction rest against one another with their respective free ends. This means that the spring elements which are adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction and which can be configured mirror-symmetrically to one another or asymmetrically to one another can be placed at least substantially jointly on the line. This means that oscillations introduced into the spring element via the line can be compensated in different directions particularly well via the interconnected free ends of the spring arms adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction and can thereby be damped. In addition, the two spring arms are particularly well stabilized by the connection of the free ends to one another, whereby a risk of individual spring arms buckling away can be kept particularly low. This allows secure placement of the free ends of the spring arms on the line when used as intended, as a result of which oscillations of the line can be damped particularly well.Moreover, it is provided that the two spring arms together form a polygon, in particular a square, in cross section. Alternatively, the two spring arms directly adjacent to one another and bearing against one another with their free ends can form a pentagonal or a hexagon or another polygon. Here, one of the edges of this polygon can be provided by the outer band element. This means that it is possible for the spring arms together with the outer strip element to form or enclose the polygon in cross section. By the respective corners of the polygon, respective predetermined bending points of the spring element are provided. By bending away the respective spring arms, the oscillation of the line with respect to the motor vehicle component can thus be damped particularly well.In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the spring element is formed from an elastomer. Elastomers are rigid but elastically deformable plastics whose glass transition point is below room temperature. These plastics can deform under tensile and compressive loads, but are then restored to their original undeformed shape. As a result, the oscillation of the line can be damped particularly reliably and permanently by means of the spring element on account of its configuration from the elastomer. In particular, the spring element is configured, on account of its elastic configuration, to retract the line from a respective deflected deflection state during the oscillation of the line into a respective initial state, which is predefined by the configuration of the spring element, during intended use, by releasing spring tension which is built up in the at least one spring arm during the deflection.In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the spring element comprises a plurality of spring arms which are arranged distributed uniformly around the at least one through-opening of the spring element, through which the line can be inserted for holding on the fastening device. This means that the plurality of spring arms are at least substantially at the same distance from in each case further spring arms adjacent in the circumferential direction. When used as intended, the spring arms of the fastening device are thus arranged at uniform distances and thus regularly around the line inserted through the through-opening. This allows oscillations of the line in different spatial directions to be damped reliably and particularly uniformly. As a result, transmissions of the oscillations to the fastening element and via the fastening element to the motor vehicle component can be prevented particularly well when used as intended.The invention furthermore relates to a motor vehicle, having a motor vehicle component and a fastening device which is held on the motor vehicle component and has already been described in connection with the fastening device according to the invention. In this case, a fastening element of the fastening device is fixed to the motor vehicle component. The motor vehicle furthermore comprises at least one line which is fastened to the motor vehicle component via the fastening device. In this case, the line is inserted through an associated through-opening of the fastening device. Within this motor vehicle, a transmission of oscillations from the at least one line to the motor vehicle component, on which this line is held via the fastening device, can be prevented particularly well. This makes it possible to keep the generation of structure-borne noise in the motor vehicle particularly low.Further features of the invention can be derived from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features shown below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the invention.The drawing shows in: FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a fastening device with a line inserted through a through-opening of the fastening device; and FIGS. 2 a- 2 b show respective schematic cross sections of the fastening device, wherein the fastening device is shown in different embodiments.In the figures, identical and functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.The figures show a fastening device 10 for a line 12 in the present case. The fastening device 10 is configured to fasten the line 12 to a motor vehicle component of a motor vehicle. The fastening device 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ain a first embodiment and in FIG. 2 bin a second embodiment. In each of the embodiments, the fastening device 10 comprises a fastening element 14 which is configured to be fixed to the motor vehicle component. In the present case, the fastening element 14 is designed as a hollow cylinder. The fastening element 14 is configured to be rigidly connected to the motor vehicle component.The fastening device 10 furthermore comprises a spring element 16, which in the present case is arranged within the volume enclosed radially outwards by the hollow cylinder. This means that in the present case the fastening element 14 surrounds the spring element 16 on the circumferential side. When the fastening device 10 is used as intended, it is provided that the line 12 is surrounded circumferentially over its entire circumference in a longitudinal section of the line 12 by the fastening device 10 and is thus covered radially outwards by the fastening device 10.The radial direction R is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction or the center axis of the line 12, respectively. Here, a central axis of the fastening device 10 coincides with the central axis of the conduit 12. An axial direction A of the fastening device 10 runs parallel to the respective central axes.The spring element 16 encloses a through-opening 34 radially outwards on the circumferential side, wherein, when used as intended, the line 12 is inserted through this through-opening 34 of the spring element 16. The spring element 16 is made of an elastomer in the present case. In particular, the spring element 16 is formed in one piece. In the present case, the spring element 16 is designed as a circumferential band which extends over the entire circumference of the line 12 around the line 12 when used as intended, in particular bears against the line 12. In this case, the spring element 16 comprises an outer band element 18, which is arranged between the line 12 and the fastening element 14 in the radial direction. This means that the outer band element 18 abuts with its outer side 20 facing away from the line 12 on an inner side 22 of the fastening element 14 radially on the inside and thus facing the line 12. In this case, the outer side 20 of the outer band element 18 bears over its entire surface against the inner side 22 of the fastening element 14. As a result, the spring element 16 is supported via the outer band element 18 particularly reliably over its entire circumference against the fastening element 14. This means that the outer band element 18 is fixed relative to the fastening element 14.The spring element 16 comprises at least one spring arm 26. In the present case, the spring element 16 comprises a plurality of spring arms 26, which are each connected at one end to an inner side 28 of the outer band element 18. This inner side 28 of the outer band element 18 is arranged facing the line 12 when used as intended. For reasons of clarity, only individual ones of the spring arms 26 are provided with the associated reference sign. Each of the spring arms 26 has a free end 30 at its other end. The respective spring arms 26 are configured to be firmly connected with their free end 30 to the line 12, whereby a vibration transmission from the line 12 to the fastening element 14 or to the motor vehicle component firmly connected to the fastening element 14 can be particularly well limited, in particular prevented, by building up and releasing spring tension in the respective spring arms 26. For a particularly good suppression of the transmission of oscillations from the line 12 to the fastening element 14, each of the spring arms 26 has at least one deflection 32. The deflection 32 is understood to mean a region of the respective spring arm 26 in which the direction of longitudinal extent has a change of direction. In the present case, the respective spring arms 26 can have a bend in the region of the deflection 32. This bend is a predetermined bending point at which the spring arm 26 can bend in in order to compensate a deflection of the line 12 with respect to the outer band element 18 and thus with respect to the fastening element 14. As a result, the transmission of oscillations from the line 12 to the fastening element 14 can be particularly well prevented or limited.In the embodiments shown in the figures, it is provided that in each case two spring arms 26 arranged directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction U are arranged and formed mirror-symmetrically with respect to an axis running in the radial direction R. These spring arms 26 directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction U are thus configured to buckle away from directions opposite to one another in the circumferential direction U under a load. In the present case, it is furthermore provided that these two spring arms 26 formed mirror-symmetrically to one another bear against one another, in particular are connected to one another, by their respective free end 30. This allows the free ends 30 to be joined together to the line 12. In particular, the spring arms 26 can stabilize each other due to their mirror-symmetrical configuration when the free ends 30 abut each other, since the spring arms 26 are configured for bending in directions different from each other in the circumferential direction U. The free ends 30 of the respective spring arms 26 held against one another are thus positioned particularly securely and precisely relative to the line 12.In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 a, it is provided that the spring arms 26 arranged directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction U, in addition to their free ends 30 abutting one another, also abut one another at their other end assigned to the fastening element 14. As can be seen particularly well in FIG. 2 a, this results in a closed polygonal, in the present case rectangular, in particular square, cross section of the respective two spring arms 26 directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction, wherein the cross section runs perpendicular to the axial direction A. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 b, it is provided that the further ends of the spring arms 26 which are directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction U and are connected to one another by their free ends 30 are held on the outer band element 18 at a distance from one another. As a result, undesired bending away of the spring arms 26 in the circumferential direction U can be prevented particularly well and the spring elements 16 are stabilized particularly well in their position. As a result, the spring arms 26 which are directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction U and are connected to one another at their free ends 30 form together with the outer band element 18 an at least substantially pentagonal cross section in the plane running perpendicular to the axial direction A.In a configuration not shown in the figures, the spring element 16 can additionally comprise an inner band element which is surrounded radially outwards over the entire circumference thereof by the outer band element 18 and on which the free ends 30 of the spring arms 26 are held. This inner band element delimits the through-opening 34 radially outwards on the circumferential side. The inner band element is thus configured to be placed on the outer circumference side on the line 12.It is possible for the spring element 16 to have a plurality of mutually spaced through-openings 34, it being possible for a line 12 to be inserted into each of the through-openings 34. It is provided here that the plurality of through-openings 34 are oriented with their respective central axes parallel to one another. In this case, it is in particular further provided that the through openings 34 are arranged next to one another in the radial direction. It is furthermore provided here that each of the through openings 34 is bounded on the circumferential side by the spring element 16.The line 12 can be a high-voltage line or a coolant line or a refrigerant line of the motor vehicle having the motor vehicle component.Overall, the invention shows how an acoustic decoupling element, in the present case the fastening device 10, can be configured for coolant lines and thus the line 12.List of reference characters10 Fastening device 12 Line 14 Fastening element 16 Spring element 18 Outer band element 20 Outer side 22 Inner side 26 Spring arm 28 Inner side 30 Free end 32 Deflection 34 Through opening A Axial direction R Radial direction U Circumferential direction

Claims

Fastening device (10) for at least one line (12) on a motor vehicle component, having a fastening element (14) which is configured to be fastened to the motor vehicle component, and having a spring element (16) which is supported on the fastening element (14) and is configured to hold the at least one line (12) by peripherally enclosing the line (12), wherein the spring element (16) comprises at least one spring arm (26) which is supported at one end against the fastening element (14) and is configured to support the line (12) at the other end with its free end (30) in order to damp oscillations of the line (12) with respect to the fastening element (14), wherein the spring arm (26) has at least one deflection (32) along its direction of longitudinal extent from its end assigned to the fastening element (14) to its free end (30), wherein - the spring element (16) has two mutually spaced through-openings (34), the respective central axes of which are arranged next to one another perpendicular to the axial direction and through which in each case a line (12) can be inserted, as a result of which the respective line (12) is surrounded on the circumferential side by the spring element (16), and / or - the spring element (16) is designed as a circumferential band which can surround the line (12) on the circumferential side, having an outer band element (18) which is radially supported on the fastening element (14) on the outer circumferential side and from which the at least one spring arm (26) projects radially inward and ◯ the spring element (16) has a circumferential inner band element which is surrounded radially outward over the entire circumference thereof by the outer band element (18), on which the free end (30) of the at least one spring arm (26) is held, and which is designed to be configured, The outer band element (18) can be placed circumferentially on the line (12) over its entire circumference, whereby the inner band element encloses the line (12), and / or a plurality of spring arms (26) project radially inward from the outer band element (18), two spring arms (26) directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction (U) bear with their free end (30) against one another, and the two spring arms (26) together form a polygon, in particular a square, in cross section.Fastening device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (16) is formed from an elastomer.Fastening device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (16) comprises a plurality of spring arms (26) which are arranged distributed uniformly around a through-opening (34) of the spring element (16), through which the line (12) can be inserted for holding on the fastening device (10).Motor vehicle, having a motor vehicle component, a fastening device (10) according to one of the preceding claims which is held on the motor vehicle component, and having a line (12) which is fastened to the motor vehicle component via the fastening device (10).

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