Charging device and system with water tank

Abstract

Charging device (10) for at least one electrically driven vehicle (200) with at least one traction battery, comprising at least one charging plug (30) which is configured to supply the traction battery of the vehicle (200) with electrical energy, and comprising at least one electrical component (11, 12), wherein the charging device (10) has at least one water tank (13, 14) filled with water (W), characterized in that the charging device (10) is configured to directly or indirectly discharge waste heat generated by at least one electrical component (11, 12) due to power loss generated during charging of the charging device (10) to the water (W) fed into the water tank (13, 14) and to temper the water in the water tank (13, 14) for withdrawal by heating, wherein the charging device (10) has at least one withdrawal point (20, 21) for manual and / or automated withdrawal of the water in the water tank (13,14) by the waste heat of warmed water (W).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a charging device for at least one electrically powered vehicle with at least one traction battery, comprising at least one charging plug configured to supply the vehicle's traction battery with electrical energy. Furthermore, the invention relates to a charging system.

[0002] In addition to charging columns or so-called wallboxes, charging stations or charging hubs are also known for charging electric vehicles. Such infrastructures for the electrical charging of traction batteries are primarily designed for charging and typically do not offer any additional functionality.

[0003] Depending on the design of charging stations, they can be covered by roof structures to protect the charging stations or charging boxes and the parked vehicles from direct weather influences.

[0004] CN 1 13 442 762 A describes a charging station with a column canopy for collecting rainwater and electrical connectors for charging on-board traction batteries. The rainwater is filtered and can be drawn off via a tap as needed.

[0005] CN 2 18 400 249 U discloses a charging station for charging vehicle-mounted traction batteries with a cooling system based on water evaporation. Rainwater can be collected using a trough-shaped roof and evaporated in a heat exchanger.

[0006] The water is evaporated in a closed circuit and then recondensed by fans, then returned to a water tank. Such a system requires numerous components and a complex water supply control system to enable efficient cooling of the generated power loss.

[0007] CN 2 15 398 239 U discloses a charging device for electric vehicles with water cooling. The charging device has a roof to collect rainwater in a water tank and use it to cool the internal components. DE 10 2018 103 706 A1 discloses a charging device with water cooling. The water of the water cooling system is arranged below the ground surface to dissipate absorbed waste heat to the cooler environment and prevent heating due to solar radiation. DE 10 2019 211 374 A1 describes a charging device for electrically powered vehicles that can extract water molecules from the ambient air using a desiccant. Further prior art is described in DE 10 2018 004 780 A1, DE 10 2017 127 463 A1, and CN 2 06 769 528 U.

[0008] DE 10 2009 049 715 A1 discloses the heating of domestic water at petrol stations using electrical heating elements.

[0009] It is the object of the present invention to provide a charging device and a charging system which enable efficient and technically simple cooling of components.

[0010] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a charging device having the features of claim 1 and a charging system having the features of claim 6. Advantageous embodiments and further developments emerge from the dependent claims.

[0011] The charging device according to the invention is used to charge traction batteries of electrically powered vehicles, such as BEVs (Battery Electric Vehicles) or HEVs (Hybrid Electric Vehicles). The charging device can be configured as a stationary or mobile unit.

[0012] A mobile charging device, for example, can be configured to vary its location and is not necessarily dependent on an electrical connection for operation. For this purpose, an electrochemical storage device within the charging device can be pre-charged so that vehicle traction batteries can be subsequently charged.

[0013] A stationary charging device can be permanently installed and coupled to an infrastructure-side electrical connection to ensure charging operation.

[0014] The charging device according to the invention comprises at least one charging plug configured to supply the vehicle's traction battery with electrical energy. For this purpose, the charging plug can interact with a vehicle-mounted charging socket to implement an energy transfer. Furthermore, the charging device comprises at least one electrical component and at least one water tank filled or fillable with water.

[0015] According to the invention, the charging device is configured to transfer waste heat generated during a charging process by at least one electrical component, directly or indirectly, to the water supplied to the water tank due to power loss generated during charging of the charging device, and to temper the water in the water tank for withdrawal by heating. The charging device has at least one withdrawal point for the manual and / or automated withdrawal of the water heated in the water tank by the waste heat. This measure allows the water stored in the water tank and pre-tempered by the waste heat to be made available to users of the charging device.

[0016] The transfer of waste heat to the water prevents the water from freezing at low outside temperatures and can be used not only for filling vehicle-side water tanks but also, for example, for gently de-icing windshield washer nozzles, glass panes and the like.

[0017] For this purpose, a water hose can be connected to the tapping point. Alternatively, the tapping point can be equipped with a permanently connected water hose.

[0018] According to a further aspect of the invention, a charging system is provided. The charging system comprises at least one charging device according to the invention and at least one parking area arranged adjacent to the charging device for at least one vehicle. The vehicle can thus be parked next to the charging system during a charging process.

[0019] By transferring the waste heat to the water in the water tank, customers can draw off tempered water all year round, for example to fill a vehicle-mounted windscreen washer fluid reservoir or a water reservoir for cleaning vehicle-mounted sensors.

[0020] Furthermore, the conventional functionality of a charging device can be enhanced through secondary effects, such as waste heat storage in water and water collection, to increase the efficiency of the charging system. For example, rainwater can be collected from a roof structure or storage areas, filtered through at least one filter, and then fed into the water tank.

[0021] In one embodiment, at least one wall of the water tank is covered on the outside by at least one wall of the charging device. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one water tank forms at least one external wall of the charging device. This measure allows the at least one water tank to be integrated into the charging device particularly advantageously.

[0022] According to a further embodiment, the at least one water tank is thermally coupled to the at least one electrical component directly through direct contact or by means of a cooling circuit, in particular through pipes and / or heat exchangers integrated into the water tank. This allows components with particularly high power dissipation to be attached directly to the water tank in order to use it as a heat sink. Alternatively, one or more components can be thermally coupled to the water tank via one or more cooling circuits. In this case, one or more heat exchangers, for example in the form of pipes or finned tubes, can be arranged in the water tank or on the water tank to enable particularly optimal heat transfer.

[0023] According to a further embodiment, the at least one water tank is indirectly thermally coupled to the at least one electrical component by radiant heat and / or convection within the charging device. As a result, the electrical components of the charging device can be encapsulated by the outer walls and heat an internal volume of the charging device through their power loss. The water tank and the water in the water tank can then be heated via the heated internal volume. Due to the high specific heat capacity of water, a technically simple heat source can be provided by the at least one water tank.

[0024] Depending on the design, this indirect heat transfer to the water tank can be optimized if the internal volume is not filled with air, but with a gas or gas mixture, such as helium, which has improved thermal conductivity.

[0025] According to a further embodiment, the at least one electrical component is configured as an electrochemical storage device integrated into the charging device, as charging electronics, as a converter, as a transformer, and / or as an electrical interface of the charging plug. The charging device with an electrochemical storage device can advantageously be configured as a mobile charging device that, after an initial charging of the electrochemical storage device, can deliver its energy to traction batteries of vehicles at a location without electrical infrastructure. All electrical consumers and components within the charging device can be used to heat the water in the water tank. In particular, the water serves as a technically simple heat sink.The resulting pre-tempering of the water enables a particularly convenient service option for customers of the charging device, especially at low outside temperatures.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the charging system, the charging system has at least one roof structure which at least partially covers the at least one charging device and / or the at least one parking area. The roof structure is preferably designed to collect rainwater and direct it into at least one water tank of the at least one charging device. For this purpose, the roof structure can have at least one incline or slope which opens into a drainage channel and / or a drainage channel. The rainwater can then be directed directly into the at least one water tank via a hose system or a pipe system. Depending on the design, one or more filters can be arranged between the water tank and the roof structure to treat the rainwater.

[0027] According to a further embodiment of the loading system, the roof structure rests on the at least one loading device and / or is supported at least partially by support elements. This allows the at least one loading device to be used, at least partially, as a structural element for holding or supporting the roof structure. Thus, the number of support columns or support elements required for positioning the roof structure can be at least minimized.

[0028] The invention is illustrated schematically in the drawings using embodiments and will be further described with reference to the drawings. It shows: Fig. 1 a charging system according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 a charging system according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0029] Fig. 1 shows a charging system 100 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention. The charging system 100 comprises, for example, two charging devices 10. Parking areas 110 for vehicles 200 are provided adjacent to the charging devices 10. A parking area 110 is positioned on either side of each charging device 10. A vehicle 200 is parked on a parking area 110 to illustrate a charging process.

[0030] In the illustrated embodiment, the loading system 100 has a roof structure 120 which completely covers the loading devices 10 and the storage areas 110.

[0031] The roof structure 120 rests partially on the loading devices 10 and partially on support elements 130 or support columns.

[0032] The charging devices 10 are used to charge traction batteries (not shown) of electrically powered vehicles 200, such as BEVs (Battery Electric Vehicles) or HEVs (Hybrid Electric Vehicles). For example, the charging devices 10 are configured as a stationary unit. To compensate for peak loads, the charging devices 10 have integrated electrochemical storage devices 11. The charging device 10 can use the energy stored in the electrochemical storage device 11 and / or the energy from a fixed electrical connection (not shown) to charge traction batteries.

[0033] The charging devices 10 have charging plugs 30 on both sides, which are designed to be coupled to corresponding charging sockets of the vehicles 200 in order to supply the traction batteries of vehicles 200 with electrical energy.

[0034] In addition to the electrochemical storage device 11, the charging devices 10 have at least one further electrical component 12. This can be configured in the form of converters, transformers, charge controllers, and the like. The electrochemical storage device 11 can also be considered an electrical component.

[0035] During operation of the charging device 10, particularly during charging, the electrical components 11, 12 generate waste heat due to power losses and internal electrical resistance. This waste heat is used to heat at least one water tank 13 and / or a quantity of water W stored in the water tank 13.

[0036] The waste heat generated due to power loss from at least one electrical component 11, 12 can be transferred directly or indirectly to the water W fed into the water tank 13. Schematically, the Fig. 1, indirect heat dissipation is provided by convection or radiant heat. For this purpose, all electrical components 11, 12 and the water tank 13 are enclosed in a common internal volume V of the charging device 10 by means of outer walls 15 of the charging device 10.

[0037] In the illustrated embodiment, the water tank 13 is arranged between the electrochemical storage unit 11 and a charging controller 12. These electrical components 11, 12 can also form direct physical contact with the water tank 13, thus enabling direct heat transfer by conduction.

[0038] In the Fig. 2 shows a charging system 100 according to a second embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the Fig.In the charging system 100 shown in Figure 1, the charging devices 10 have a plurality of water tanks 14, which are configured as outer walls of the respective charging device 10. The water tanks 14 are positioned between corner columns in the interior volume V of the charging device 10.

[0039] In the exemplary embodiments shown, the water W from the water tanks 13, 14 can be withdrawn via decentralized withdrawal points 20 or arranged on the charging devices 10 or via a central withdrawal point 21, for example to fill vehicle-side water tanks.

[0040] Advantageously, the roof structures 120 can be used to collect rainwater. The collected rainwater can then be channeled into the water tanks 13, 14 of the charging devices 10 via pipes or hoses (not shown). Depending on the design, fill level sensors (not shown) can be used to prevent the water tanks 13, 14 from overflowing.

[0041] In an alternative and technically simple solution, if the water tanks 13, 14 overflow, the excess rainwater can be drained via alternative drainpipes. Depending on the location of the charging system 100, the rainwater can be treated by at least one filter, sieve, and / or separator before being fed into the water tanks 13, 14. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS: 100 charging system 110 storage space 120 roof construction 130 support element 200 vehicles 10 Charging device 11 electrical component / electrochemical storage 12 electrical components / charging control 13 Water tank 14 water tank designed as an external wall 15 external wall 20 decentralized withdrawal points 21 central withdrawal point 30 charging plugs V internal volume W Water

Claims

[1] Charging device (10) for at least one electrically driven vehicle (200) with at least one traction battery, comprising at least one charging plug (30) which is designed to supply the traction battery of the vehicle (200) with electrical energy, and comprising at least one electrical component (11, 12), wherein the charging device (10) has at least one water tank (13, 14) filled with water (W), characterized byin that the charging device (10) is designed to transfer waste heat generated by at least one electrical component (11, 12) due to power loss generated during charging of the charging device (10) directly or indirectly to the water (W) fed into the water tank (13, 14) and to temper the water in the water tank (13, 14) for withdrawal by heating, wherein the charging device (10) has at least one withdrawal point (20, 21) for manual and / or automated withdrawal of the water (W) heated in the water tank (13, 14) by the waste heat. [2] Charging device according to claim 1, wherein at least one wall of the water tank (13) is covered on the outside by at least one wall (15) of the charging device (10) and / or wherein the at least one water tank (14) forms at least one outside wall of the charging device (10). [3] Charging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one water tank (13, 14) is thermally coupled to the at least one electrical component (11, 12) directly by direct contact or by means of a cooling circuit, in particular by pipes and / or heat exchangers integrated into the water tank (13, 14). [4] Charging device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one water tank (13, 14) is thermally coupled to the at least one electrical component (11, 12) indirectly by radiant heat and / or convection within the charging device (10). [5] Charging device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one electrical component is designed as an electrochemical storage device (12) integrated into the charging device (12), as charging electronics, as a converter, as a transformer and / or as an electrical interface of the charging plug (30). [6] Charging system (100), comprising at least one charging device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, and comprising at least one parking area (110) arranged adjacent to the charging device (10) for at least one vehicle (200). [7] Charging system according to claim 6, wherein the charging system (100) comprises at least one roof structure (120) which covers at least one charging device (10) and / or the at least one storage area (110) at least in regions, wherein the roof structure (120) is configured to collect rainwater and to direct it into at least one water tank (13, 14) of the at least one charging device (10). [8] Loading system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the roof construction (120) rests on the at least one loading device (10) and / or is supported at least in regions by support elements (130).

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