Load-carrying device and method for picking up and positioning loads

Abstract

The invention relates to a load-handling device (1) for receiving and positioning loads (2), in particular building elements, for building construction and / or for building renovation, and comprising at least one base frame (3) by means of which the load-handling device (1) can be suspended from a support means (13), in particular a crane. According to the invention, the load-handling device (1) comprises at least one attachment means (4, 5) by means of which the load (2) can be suspended from the base frame (3), and the load-handling device (1) comprises at least one lifting actuator (6, 7) by means of which the at least one attachment means (4, 5) can be moved relative to the base frame (3) in order to be able to raise or lower the load (2) relative to the base frame (3).Additionally or alternatively, the load-handling device (1) comprises at least one holding device (28) for the load (2), wherein the holding device (28) is movably arranged on the base frame (3) by means of at least one pivot joint (29, 30), and wherein the load-handling device (1) has at least one pivot actuator (31, 32) by means of which the load (2) can be pivoted relative to the base frame (3). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for positioning the load (2) by means of the load-handling device (1).

Description

The present invention relates to a load-receiving device for receiving and positioning loads, in particular building elements, for building construction and / or for building installation and having at least one base frame, by means of which the load-receiving device can be attached to a support means, in particular a crane.Furthermore, a method for positioning loads, in particular building elements, for building construction and / or building installation is proposed, in which the load is picked up and positioned by means of a load-receiving device.DE 1 198 977 B discloses a device for receiving loads.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a flexible and universally usable load-receiving device with which building construction and / or building installation can be carried out quickly.The object is achieved by a load-receiving device and a method having the features of the independent patent claims.A load-receiving device for receiving and positioning loads for building construction and / or for building installation is proposed. The load-receiving device can serve in particular to receive building elements during building construction or during building installation and to position them at the correct position. The building elements can also be planar building elements, such as wall elements, panels or insulating elements. The insulating elements can be arranged on outer sides of already existing building walls during building installation.The load-receiving device comprises at least one base frame, by means of which the load-receiving device can be attached to a support means. The base frame can be attached to a crane or overhead crane in order to position the load attached to the base frame at a construction site.Furthermore, the load-receiving device comprises at least one stop means, by means of which the load can be suspended on the base frame. In addition, the load-receiving device has at least one lifting actuator, by means of which the at least one stop means can be moved with respect to the base frame in order to be able to raise or discharge the load with respect to the base frame. By means of the at least one lifting actuator, the load can be positioned in height in order, for example, to arrange a wall element for subsequent insulation on an already existing building wall. In this case, the at least one lifting actuator can be controlled in order to reach the intended position of the building element.Additionally or alternatively, in particular to the at least one stop means and to the at least one lifting actuator, the load-receiving device can comprise at least one holding device for the load, wherein the holding device is arranged movably on the base frame by means of at least one rotary joint, and wherein the load-receiving device has a pivot actuator, with the aid of which the load can be pivoted with respect to the base frame. As a result, the holding device with the load arranged thereon can be tilted, pivoted and / or inclined in order to be able to position the load even at locations which are difficult to access during building construction and / or building installation. For example, after the picking up, the load can be tilted in order to, for example, pass under a roof projection. The load can then be pivoted back into the intended orientation, for example a vertical or upright orientation.With the aid of the lifting and discharging of the load by means of the at least one lifting actuator and / or the pivoting by means of the pivoting actuator, the load-receiving device can be used flexibly and universally for various working steps in building construction and / or building installation.An improvement results if the load-receiving device comprises at least one guide device, by means of which the at least one stop means is movably guided. With the aid of the guide device, the at least one stop means can be guided, for example, along the base frame. As a result, the at least one stop means can also be guided in such a way that it does not come into contact with other, in particular movable, components.It is advantageous if the guide device comprises at least one deflection unit, in particular a deflection roller. As a result, the at least one stop means can be guided without wear and without resistance.It provides advantages if the stop means comprises a stop cable and / or a chain hanger. Such stop means are favourable and widely available.An improvement results if the base frame comprises at least one pivot bearing on which the holding device for holding the load is arranged or can be arranged. The holding device can also be arranged or arranged detachably on the base frame by means of the at least one pivot joint bearing. The rotary joint can be formed by means of the rotary joint bearing on the base frame.An advantage results if the holding device comprises a longitudinal beam and at least one adapter unit for holding the load, wherein the longitudinal beam is arranged on the base frame by means of the at least one pivot joint and wherein the adapter unit is arranged on the longitudinal beam. The load can be arranged on the adapter unit. It is furthermore advantageous if the adapter unit is or can be arranged detachably on the longitudinal beam. As a result, the load can be arranged first on the adapter unit and then the adapter unit with the load can be arranged on the longitudinal beam. Alternatively, the adapter unit can also be removed if this is not required.It is furthermore advantageous if the base frame is designed in the form of a frame. Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the base frame comprises at least one longitudinal member, at least one cross member and / or at least one vertical member. Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the base frame is L-shaped or C-shaped in a side view, wherein the L-shape and / or the C-shape is formed by at least one cross member and at least one vertical member. The base frame can thus have the necessary stability with a low weight. In addition, for example, the C-shape and / or L-shape allows the base frame to engage around projections, such as a roof projection, so that the load can be positioned closer to the building.It is furthermore advantageous if the at least one pivot bearing and / or the longitudinal beam is arranged at a free end and / or in the region of the free end of the at least one cross member.An advantage results if the at least one guide device is designed such that the stop means is guided over the free end of the at least one cross member and / or over the longitudinal beam. As a result, the load can be suspended in this region of the free end of the cross member and / or in the region of the longitudinal beam.It provides advantages if the vertical, longitudinal and / or cross member is designed at least in sections to be profiled and / or tubular. As a result, the base frame has a high stability with a low weight. It is also advantageous if the vertical, longitudinal and / or cross member are made of metal, so that on the one hand high strength is provided and on the other hand the base frame can be welded together from the corresponding beams.Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the vertical, longitudinal and / or cross member have passage openings, so that the at least one stop means is guided at least in sections by means of the at least one guide device within the at least one vertical member, within the at least one longitudinal member and / or within the at least one cross member. The at least one stop means is thereby guided in a protected manner.It is likewise expedient if the holding device, in particular the longitudinal beam, is arranged detachably on the base frame and / or if the adapter unit is arranged detachably on the longitudinal beam. As a result, the holding device, the longitudinal beam and / or the adapter unit can be removed from the base frame when these are not used.It is advantageous if the at least one pivot actuator is arranged between the base frame and the holding device, in particular the longitudinal beam and / or the adapter unit. As a result, the pivot actuator can pivot the holding device, in particular the longitudinal beam and / or the adapter unit, relative to the base frame.It is advantageous if the at least one pivot actuator is arranged in an articulated manner on the base frame and / or on the holding device. As a result, the pivot actuator can likewise rotate when pivoting the holding device, in particular the longitudinal beam and / or the adapter unit.It is advantageous if the holding device, in particular the longitudinal beam, comprises at least one lever and if the at least one pivot actuator is arranged between the at least one lever and the base frame, in particular the vertical carrier. A higher torque can be transmitted to the holding device by the lever.It is advantageous if the at least one lever comprises a passage channel through which the stop means can be guided and / or is guided. As a result, the stop means can be guided over the longitudinal beam and through the lever.It is advantageous if the holding device, in particular the adapter unit, comprises at least one fastening element, by means of which the load can be detachably fastened to the holding device, in particular to the adapter unit.It is advantageous if the at least one fastening element is a clamp and / or a screw plate.It is advantageous if the adapter unit is arranged on the longitudinal beam by means of a connecting unit, wherein the connecting unit is preferably releasable.It is advantageous if the adapter unit comprises a beam. Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the at least one fastening element and / or the connecting unit is displaceable and / or fixable along the adapter unit, in particular along the beam. As a result, the at least one fastening element and / or the connecting unit can be adjusted in height. In this way, different sizes of load can be arranged on the adapter unit or the adapter unit can be adapted to the size of the load. For example, the adapter unit, in particular the beam, can have fixing openings, so that the at least one fastening element and / or the connecting unit can be fixed by means of bolts, for example. For this purpose, the bolts are inserted through the at least one fastening element and / or the connecting unit and the adapter unit, in particular the beam.It is furthermore advantageous if a form-fit and / or force-fit connection can be formed by means of the connection unit, wherein the connection unit is preferably clamped and / or can be clamped onto the longitudinal beam.It is furthermore advantageous if the load-receiving device comprises at least one supply unit, by means of which the at least one pivot actuator and / or the at least one lift actuator can be operated. The at least one supply unit can be arranged, for example, on an upper side or on a side of the base frame opposite the load when the load is suspended.It is advantageous if the base frame comprises two pivot joint bearings. As a result, the holding device arranged on the base frame can be pivoted about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis can be formed by the two pivot joint bearings.Advantages are obtained if the holding device is arranged on the base frame by means of two rotary joints. As a result, the pivot axis can be defined.It is advantageous if the load-receiving device comprises two pivot actuators and / or two lift actuators. Heavy loads can also be lifted, released and / or pivoted thereby.It is expedient if the load-receiving device has stop points at which the load-receiving device can be suspended on the support means. The support means can be, for example, a crane or an overhead crane. The stop points can be, for example, eyes or the stop points can be screw-on points in order to arrange a chain or a cable on the load-receiving device.It is advantageous if a pulley block is assigned to the at least one lifting actuator. In addition, each lifting actuator can be assigned a pulley block. As a result, a stroke length of the lifting actuator, in particular if the latter is a hydraulic unit, can be increased.It is furthermore advantageous if the at least one lifting actuator and the pulley block are arranged in the vertical, longitudinal and / or cross member. These may be tubular and / or profiled. Space can thereby be saved.Furthermore, a method for positioning loads, in particular building elements, for building construction and / or building installation is proposed.During the method, the load is picked up and positioned by means of a load-receiving device.In this case, the load-receiving device has at least one feature of the preceding and / or subsequent description. In particular, the load-receiving device has at least one feature of the preceding and / or subsequent description in order to carry out the method explained in the preceding and / or subsequent description.The load is suspended or is suspended on the base frame by means of the at least one stop means.Furthermore, by means of the at least one lifting actuator, the load is lifted or dropped with respect to the base frame in order to position the load.Additionally or alternatively, the load is pivoted with respect to the base frame by means of the at least one holding device in order to position the load.It provides advantages if the holding device is pivoted with the load received in order to position the load in the direction of a horizontal or oblique orientation. As a result, the load can be oriented in such a way that it travels under a roof projection, for example.It is advantageous if, after a projection, in particular a roof projection, has been traveled under, the load is pivoted from the horizontal or oblique orientation into a vertical orientation. As a result, the load can be arranged on the building wall, for example as a panel, wall element and / or insulating element for outer walls.Further advantages of the invention are described in the following exemplary embodiments. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a load-receiving device with a suspended load with stop means and lifting actuators, FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a load-receiving device with a suspended load with stop means and lifting actuators, FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a load-receiving device with stop means and a holding device, FIG. 4 shows a lateral view of an adapter unit of the holding device, FIG. 5 shows a lateral view of a load-receiving device with a holding device, FIG. 6 shows a lateral view of a load-receiving device with a load attached, as well as stop means and lifting actuators during the positioning of the load on a building, FIG. 7 shows a side view of a load-receiving device with attached load when positioning the load on a building, FIG. 8 shows a rear view of the load-receiving device, and FIG. 9 shows a view of the lifting actuator with a pulley block.FIG. 1 shows a load-receiving device 1 for receiving and positioning loads 2 for building construction and / or for building installation. The load 2 can be, for example, a building element and preferably also a wall element, a panel and / or an insulating element for insulating a wall.The load-receiving device 1 comprises a base frame 3, by means of which the load-receiving device 1 can be attached to a support means 13. Examples of a support means 13 with the load-receiving device 1 attached thereto are, for example, a crane as shown in FIG. 6 or a car crane as shown in FIG. 7.In the present exemplary embodiment, the load-receiving device 1 comprises at least one stop means 4, 5, by means of which the load 2 can be suspended on the base frame 3. Here, a first and a second stop means 4, 5 are shown, by means of which the load 2 is suspended. The at least one stop means 4, 5 can be designed, for example, as a stop cable and / or as a chain hanger. The load 2 can be connected to the stop means 4, 5, for example, by means of hooks and / or eyes, as can be seen here.Furthermore, the load-receiving device of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 comprises at least one lifting actuator 6, 7, by means of which the at least one stop means 4, 5 can be moved with respect to the base frame 3, such that the load 2 can be lifted or released. Here, a first and a second lifting actuator 6, 7 are also shown. It is also advantageous if, as shown here, each stop means 4, 5 is assigned a lifting actuator 6, 7. As a result, the stopper means 4, 5 can be moved independently of each other with respect to the base frame 3, thereby allowing the load 2 to be obliquely raised or lowered.The at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 can be, for example, an electric motor and / or a hydraulic motor which can move the at least one stop means 4, 5. If the at least one stop means 4, 5 is designed, for example, as shown here, as a stop cable and / or as a chain hanger, the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 can, for example, wind or unwind the stop cable and / or the chain hanger in order to raise or start the load 2.The load-receiving device 1 further comprises in this exemplary embodiment a guide device 8 for movably guiding the at least one stop means 4, 5. the at least one stop means 4, 5 can be guided, for example, along the base frame 3 with the aid of the guide device 8. Furthermore, the at least one stop means 4, 5 is guided from the load 2 to the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 by means of the at least one guide device 8. In this case, the at least one stop means 4, 5 can be deflected. The guidance by the guide device 8 has the advantage that the at least one stop means 4, 5 is thus not disruptive and can be guided in such a way that it does not come into contact with other movable components.According to the present exemplary embodiment, the guide device 8 comprises at least one deflection unit 9- 12, by means of which the at least one stop means 4, 5 can be deflected. As can be seen here, the load-receiving device 1 comprises four deflection units 9- 12, wherein the first and second deflection units 9, 10 are assigned to the first stop means 4 and the third and fourth deflection units 11, 12 are assigned to the second stop means 5. As a result, it can be achieved that, as can be seen here, the first stop means 4 and also the second stop means 5 are deflected twice.Since the first and the second stop means 4, 5 are formed as a cable or as a chain in this example, at least some or all of the deflection units 9- 12 are formed as deflection rollers, so that the at least one stop means 4, 5 can roll over it when it is moved by the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7.Furthermore, the base frame 3 is designed in the form of a frame in this embodiment. This allows achieving a sufficiently high stability of the base frame 3 while at the same time being light in weight.The base frame 3 comprises at least one longitudinal member 14, 15 which extends in a longitudinal direction 22 of the load-receiving device 1. Additionally or alternatively, the base frame 3 comprises at least one vertical carrier 16, 17 which extends in a vertical direction 23 of the load-receiving device 1. Additionally or alternatively, the base frame 3 comprises at least one cross member 18- 21 which extends in a transverse direction 24 of the load-receiving device 1.In this exemplary embodiment, the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 is arranged on the second and / or third cross member 19, 20 and / or on the second longitudinal member 15. The lifting actuators 6, 7 are thus arranged on a side of the base frame 3 facing away from the load 2. The load 2 thus hangs down on the base frame 3 and the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 is arranged on top of the base frame 3. The top and bottom here refer to the vertical direction 23.In this exemplary embodiment, the base frame 3 comprises two longitudinal beams 14, 15 and two vertical beams 16, 17 which are connected to one another to form an, in particular two-dimensional, frame and / or rectangular frame. In at least one corner and / or in at least one region of at least one corner of this frame, which is formed from the two longitudinal beams 14, 15 and the two vertical beams 16, 17, the at least one cross beam 18- 21 is arranged and / or connected to the longitudinal beam 14, 15 and / or the vertical beam 16, 17. According to the exemplary embodiment shown here, a cross member 18- 21 is arranged in each corner and / or in the region of each corner of the frame. The longitudinal beams 14, 15, the vertical beams 16, 17 and the cross beams 18- 21 can, as can be seen here, each be oriented in pairs perpendicular and / or perpendicular to one another.In a viewing direction in the direction of the longitudinal direction 22, the base frame 3 has a C shape, wherein the first and second cross members 18, 19 and the first vertical member 16 form the "C". The third and fourth cross members 20, 21 and the second vertical member 17 are congruent therewith.Alternatively, the base frame 3 can also be L-shaped in a lateral view, for example again in the direction of the longitudinal direction 22. Here, the first cross member 18 and the vertical beam 16 form the "L". The second cross member 19 (as well as the rear third cross member 20) are then removed or not present.The at least one longitudinal member 14, 15, the at least one vertical member 16, 17 and / or the at least one cross member 18- 21 can be, for example, profiles and / or rectangular profiles, preferably made of metal. These have high stability and can be easily processed. For example, the at least one longitudinal member 14, 15, the at least one vertical member 16, 17 and / or the at least one cross member 18- 21 can be welded and / or screwed to one another.Furthermore, the base frame 3 according to the exemplary embodiment shown here can have at least one pivot joint bearing 25, 26. With the aid of the at least one pivot joint bearing 25, 26, a holding device 28 can be arranged rotatably and / or pivotably on the base frame 3. The holding device 28 will be described in more detail from FIG. 3. Two pivot joint bearings 25, 26 are shown here.Furthermore, the at least one pivot joint bearing 25, 26 can be arranged on and / or in a cross member 18- 21. As can be seen here, the at least one pivot bearing 25, 26 is arranged at a free end 27 of the at least one cross member 18- 21. Since two pivot joint bearings 25, 26 are shown here, the first pivot joint bearing 25 is arranged at the free end 27 of the first cross member 18 and the second pivot joint bearing 26 is arranged at the free end 27 of the fourth cross member 21. The second and third cross members 19, 20 also each have a free end 27, which is not provided with a reference sign here, however, for the sake of clarity.Features which are already described in the at least one preceding figure cannot be explained again for the sake of simplicity. Furthermore, features can also be described only in this or in at least one of the following figures. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, the same reference numerals are used for the same features. Moreover, for the sake of clarity, not all features can be shown in the following figures and / or provided with a reference sign. However, features shown in one or more of the preceding figures may also be present in this or in one or more of the following figures. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, features can also be shown only in this figure or in one or more of the following figures and / or be provided with a reference sign. Nevertheless, features which are only shown in one or more of the following figures may also already be present in this or a preceding figure.FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the load-receiving device 1 with the load 2 attached, with stop means 4, 5 and with lifting actuators 6, 7. As a result, the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 is closer to the load 2 in comparison to the arrangement of the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 of FIG. 1. As can be seen here, the guide device 8 comprises two deflection units 10, 12.FIG. 3 shows a load-receiving device 1 which, in particular additionally or alternatively to the at least one stop means 4, 5 and the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7, comprises a holding device 28 for receiving and positioning the load 2. The holding device 28 is described in more detail in this FIG. 3 and in the further FIGS. 4 and 5. In FIG. 5, the load 2 is received by the holding device 28.Furthermore, the holding device 28 is arranged movably on the base frame 3 by means of at least one pivot joint 29, 30. In addition, the load-receiving device 1 comprises at least one pivot actuator 31, 32, with the aid of which the load 2 can be pivoted with respect to the base frame 3. With the aid of the holding device 28 pivotable by the at least one pivot actuator 31, 32, the load 2 can be tilted, pivoted and / or inclined, so that the load 2 can be positioned during building construction and / or during building installation. For example, the pivoting, tilting and / or tilting of the load 2 is advantageous when, for example, a roof projection 51 has to be traveled under. Here, the load 2 may be inclined in a horizontal direction to pass under the roof protrusion 51. The load 2 can then be brought back in a vertical direction, so that the load 2 can be positioned. The tilting in the direction of the horizontal and the subsequent turning in the vertical direction is useful, for example, in the case of plate-shaped building components and / or in the case of wall elements. In other building elements, it may also be expedient first to orient the building element vertically as load 2 and then to bring it into the horizontal orientation. The pivoting, tilting and / or tilting of the load 2 is always dependent here on the requirements and on the shape of the load 2.As already described, the load-receiving device 1 comprises at least one pivot actuator 31, 32 for moving or pivoting the holding device 28, which can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic actuator. With the aid of the at least one pivot actuator 31, 32, the holding device 28 can be rotated about the at least one pivot joint 29, 30. As can be seen here, the load-receiving device 1 comprises two rotary joints 29, 30 and / or two pivot actuators 31, 32.Furthermore, the holding device 28 comprises a longitudinal beam 33 and an adapter unit 34. the longitudinal beam 33 is arranged rotatably, pivotably, tiltable, tiltable and / or movably on the base frame 3 by means of the at least one pivot joint 29, 30.According to the present exemplary embodiment, at least one lever 35, 36 is arranged on the longitudinal beam 33, on which lever the at least one pivot actuator 31, 32 is arranged. With the aid of the at least one lever 35, 36, the at least one pivot actuator 31, 32 can exert a higher torque on the longitudinal beam 33 and consequently on the holding device 28. The at least one lever 35, 36 extends away from the longitudinal beam 33. Since the load-receiving device 1 here comprises two pivot actuators 31, 32, two levers 35, 36 are also present. Advantageously, each pivot actuator 31, 32 is assigned a lever 35, 36.The adapter unit 34 is arranged or is arranged on the longitudinal beam 33. The adapter unit 34 serves to accommodate the load 2. The adapter unit 34 has at least one fastening element 37, 38 by means of which the load 2 can be arranged on the adapter unit 34. By means of the at least one fastening element 37, 38, the load 2 can be screwed and / or clamped to the adapter unit 34, for example. In particular, by means of the at least one fastening element 37, 38, an in particular releasable, positive-locking and / or non-positive-locking connection can be formed between load 2 and adapter unit 34. For example, the at least one fastening element 37, 38 can be a clamp and / or a screw plate.In order to arrange the adapter unit 34 on the longitudinal beam 33, the adapter unit 34 has a connecting unit 39. By means of the connecting unit 39, the adapter unit 34 can be connected to the longitudinal beam 33. Between the connecting unit 39 and the longitudinal beam 33, a form-fit and / or force-fit connection can be formed. It is advantageous if the connecting unit 39 is designed such that the pivoting movement of the longitudinal beam 33 is transmitted directly and / or without play to the adapter unit in order to be able to ensure exact positioning of the load 2.Advantageously, the connecting unit 39 is designed in such a way that the adapter unit 34 can be detached from the longitudinal beam 33. As a result, the adapter unit 34 can be removed from the load-receiving device 1 or from the base frame 3 if it is not required or interferes with a working step.Furthermore, the adapter unit 34 comprises a beam 54 on which the connecting unit 39 and / or the at least one fastening element 37, 38 is arranged. It is advantageous if the beam 54 has a plurality of fixing openings 55, wherein only three fixing openings 55 are provided with a reference sign here for the sake of clarity. With the aid of the fixing openings 55, the connecting unit 39 can be displaced along the beam 54 and fixed at any desired location. For fixing, a bolt, not shown here, for example, is inserted through the fixing openings 55 through the connecting unit 39 and through the beam 54, so that the connecting unit 39 is fixed to the beam 54. As a result, the connecting unit 39 is adjustable in height. As can be seen here, the connecting unit 39 is fixed to the beam 54 by two bolts. As a result, the load 2 disposed on the adapter unit 34 can be adjusted in height.In addition or as an alternative to the height adjustability of the connecting unit 39 on the beam 54, at least one fastening element 37, 38 can also be adjusted in height on the beam 54. At least one fastening element 37, 38 can be displaced and fixed along the beam 54. The at least one fastening element 37, 38 can likewise be fixed to the beam 54 by means of a bolt. As can be seen in this exemplary embodiment, the second fastening element 38 is displaceable and fixable along the beam 54. The second fastening element 38 can likewise be fixed to the beam 54 by means of a fixing opening 55 and by means of a bolt. Additionally or alternatively, the first fastening element 37 can also be displaceable and fixable. This allows for different sizes of the load to be dealt with.Additionally or alternatively, the beam 54 can also be designed as a telescopic beam, so that the beam 54 can be varied in length. For fixing the length of the beam 54, the fixing openings 55 can likewise be used, into which bolts can be inserted.It is advantageous if a plurality of, for example two, adapter units 34 are arranged on the longitudinal beam 33. For example, the adapter units 34 can be arranged in the region of the ends of the longitudinal beam 33. The number of adapter units 34 which are arranged on the longitudinal beam 33 depends here on the size and / or the weight of the load 2. It is advantageous here if first the one or more adapter units 34 are connected to the load 2 and only then the one or more adapter units 34 are arranged on the longitudinal beam 33.According to the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one longitudinal member 14, 15, the at least one vertical member 16, 17 and / or the at least one cross member 18- 21 comprises passage openings 40- 42. Through the passage openings 40- 42, the stop means 4, 5 can be guided into and / or out of the at least one longitudinal member 14, 15, into the at least one vertical member 16, 17 and / or into the at least one cross member 18- 21. The stop means 4, 5 thus extends in an interior of the at least one longitudinal member 14, 15, of the at least one vertical member 16, 17 and / or of the at least one cross member 18- 21.Thus, in this exemplary embodiment, the first vertical support 16 has the first passage opening 40 and the second passage opening 41 is arranged in the upper region of the base frame 3. The second passage opening 41 is arranged in the first vertical beam 16, in the second longitudinal beam 15 and / or in the second cross beam 19. The first stop means 4 is guided through the passage openings 40, 41 at least into the first vertical carrier 16 or out. The same applies to the second stop means 5. By such a guidance of the at least one stop means 4, 5, they can be guided in a protected manner. In addition, space can be saved as a result.Furthermore, the at least one lever 35, 36 has a passage channel 43, 44, through which the at least one stop means 4, 5 is guided. As a result, the at least one stop means 4, 5 can be guided past the holding device 28 and / or the longitudinal beam 33 and / or over the longitudinal beam 33. Since two levers 35, 36 are shown here, two through-channels 43, 44 are also present.The first and fourth deflection units 9, 12 are arranged here on the longitudinal beam 33 and / or are arranged in the passage channels 43, 44.FIG. 4 shows a side view of the adapter unit 34. the connecting unit 39 comprises a bolt 45, a first stop 46 and a second stop 47.The longitudinal beam 33 can be clamped between the bolt 45, the two stops 46, 47 and the vertical beam 48, so that the adapter unit 34 is connected to the longitudinal beam 33.The bolt 45 can be arranged in bores, not shown here, in the stops 46, 47 and can preferably be fastened in a releasable manner. The bolt 45 can thus be removed to release the adapter unit 34 from the longitudinal beam 33.FIG. 5 now shows the load 2 arranged on the holding device 28. In this case, the longitudinal beam 33 and thus the adapter unit 34, on which the load 2 is arranged, is pivoted via the first lever 35.FIG. 6 shows a method step in which the load 2 is arranged on a building 49. The load-receiving device 1 hangs by means of at least one chain 52 on a support means 13, which is designed here as a crane.Furthermore, the load 2 is suspended on the load-receiving device 1 by means of the at least one stop means 4, 5.For example, the load 2 has been positioned on a building wall 53 shown here. Additionally or alternatively, the load 2 may be drained until it is in the correct position.Furthermore, a roof 50 and a roof protrusion 51 of the building 49 are shown here. By means of the base frame 3 shown here or by means of the C-shape of the base frame 3, the load-receiving device 1 and consequently also the load 2 can be transported very close to the building 49. The roof projection 51 engages in the base frame 3 or the C-shape of the base frame 3. The base frame 3 engages around the roof projection 51.In this view behind the first lifting actuator 6, a supply unit 56 can be seen, which is arranged on the base frame 3. The supply unit 56 is arranged here on an upper side of the base frame 3. When the load 2 is suspended as can be seen here, the load 2 is arranged in the region of the underside. The supply unit 56 is arranged on the upper side opposite the underside. With the aid of the supply unit 56, the load-receiving device 1 can be supplied with energy. If the actuators of the load-receiving device 1 are hydraulic actuators, for example, the supply unit 56 can provide the oil pressure, for example.FIG. 7 shows a method step in which the load 2 is pivoted in order to arrange it on the building 49. A first load 2a is already arranged on the building wall 53. For example, the first load 2a was disposed on the building wall 53 by the method shown in Fig. 6.With the aid of the holding device 28 and the at least one pivot actuator 31, 32, the second load 2 bshown here is pivoted in the direction of a horizontal direction. Thereby, the second load 2 bcan be placed on the building wall 53 and under the roof protrusion 51. As shown here, the second load 2 bis already partially located below the roof projection 51, so that the second load 2 bcan now be pivoted again in the vertical direction until it is oriented parallel to the building wall 53. At the same time, the second load 2 bcan be moved further in the direction of the building wall 53 by the support means 13. The support means 13 is designed here as a crane.The load-receiving device 1 described in the figures allows the load 2 to be discharged or raised and / or pivoted, with the result that the load-receiving device 1 can be used effectively and universally.FIG. 8 shows the load-receiving device 1 in a rear view. The load 2 is not shown here. However, the two adapter units 34 a, 34 barranged on the longitudinal beam 33 can be seen. These are arranged spaced apart from one another on the longitudinal beam 33 by means of the two connecting units 39 a, 39 b.Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, a chain hanger 57 is shown, by means of which the load-receiving device 1 can be attached to the support means 13, for example to the crane or to the truck crane. The chain hanger 57 itself comprises a plurality of chains 52 a- 52 din this exemplary embodiment in order to be able to suspend the load-receiving device 1 in a stable manner. However, the chains 52 a- 52 dare merely examples here. In addition or as an alternative to the chains 52 a- 52 d, tension straps, circular loops, slips and / or ropes can also be used.The chain hanger 57 also comprises at least one traction unit 58, which can be varied in length. For example, when the length of the pulling unit 58 is increased in this embodiment, the right side of the load receiving device 1 inclines downward. On the other hand, when the length of the pulling unit 58 is decreased in this embodiment, the right side of the load receiving device 1 swings upward. By adapting the length of the traction unit 58, the load 2 can thus be tilted. With the aid of the traction unit 58, the length of the chain hanger 57 can thus be changed at least in sections, namely here on the right side.The traction unit 58 can be designed, for example, as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, a chain winch, a cable winch and / or an electric linear motor.Furthermore, only one traction unit 58 is shown here. The chain hanger 57 may also include a plurality of pulling units 58.Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, a securing arrangement 59 is assigned to the at least one pulling unit 58. With the aid of the securing arrangement 59, the safety is increased, namely for the case when, owing to the mass of the load 2 or a technical defect of the traction unit 58, its functionality can no longer be ensured.The securing arrangement 59 can comprise, for example, at least one chain, a cable, a band, a belt and / or a bow which bridges the traction unit 58.FIG. 9 shows a lifting actuator 6, 7 with a pulley block 60, the first lifting actuator 6 being shown here by way of example.By means of the pulley block 60, the lifting action of the lifting actuator 6 on the stop means 4 is increased. In this exemplary embodiment, the at least one lifting actuator 6, 7 is designed as a hydraulic unit. An advantage of the hydraulic unit is that it can generate large forces. However, a stroke length is limited. The effective stroke length can be increased by means of the pulley block 60.The pulley block 60 comprises a first and a second roller unit 61, 62, which each comprise at least one or preferably a plurality of rollers 63 via which the stop means 4 shown here is guided. The stop means 4 is arranged on the second roller unit 62 at a fastening point 64. Additionally or alternatively, the fastening point 64 can also be on the base frame 3. The stop means 4 is fixed relative to the base frame 3 at the end opposite the load 2. Furthermore, the lifting actuator 6 and the second roller unit 62 are arranged on the base frame 3, in particular in a detachable and / or fixed and / or immovable manner. The first roller unit 61 is movable relative to the second roller unit 62. The lifting actuator 6 is coupled to and can move the first roller unit 61. If the first roller unit 61 is thus moved downward and / or in the direction of the second roller unit 62 in this exemplary embodiment, the stop means 4 stored in the pulley block 60 is released and the load 2 suspended from the stop means 4 is discharged. If, on the other hand, the first roller unit 61 is moved upward in this exemplary embodiment and / or moved away from the second roller unit 62, the stop means 4 is stored in the pulley block 60 and the load 2 suspended from the stop means 4 is raised.The pulley block 60, the first and / or the second roller unit 61, 62 and / or the at least one lifting actuator 6 can be arranged detachably on the base frame 3 so that they can be disassembled for maintenance purposes.The lifting actuator 6 and / or the pulley block 60 can be arranged on the base frame 3, as already described. In order to save further space, the lifting actuator 6 and / or the pulley block 60 can also be arranged inside or in an interior of the vertical, longitudinal and / or cross member 14- 21. These can be tubular and / or profiled for this purpose.List of reference characters1 Load-receiving device 2 Load 3 Base frame 4 First stop means 5 Second stop means 6 First lifting actuator 7 Second lifting actuator 8 Guide device 9 First deflection unit 10 Second deflection unit 11 Third deflection unit 12 Fourth deflection unit 13 Support means 14 First longitudinal member 15 Second longitudinal member 16 First vertical member 17 Second vertical member 18 First cross member 19 Second cross member 20 Third cross member 21 Fourth cross member 22 Longitudinal direction 23 Vertical direction 24 Transverse direction 25 First pivot joint bearing 26 Second pivot joint bearing 27 Free end 28 Holding device 29 First pivot joint 30 Second pivot joint 31 First pivot actuator 32 Second pivot actuator 33 Longitudinal beam 34 Adapter unit 35 First lever 36 Second lever 37 First fastening element 38 Second fastening element 39 Connecting unit 40 First passage opening 41 Second passage opening 42 Third passage opening 43 First passage channel 44 Second passage channel 45 Bolt 46 First Stop 47 Second stop 48 Vertical beam 49 Building 50 Roof 51 Roof projection 52 Chain 53 Building wall 54 Beam 55 Fixing opening 56 Supply unit 57 Chain hangers 58 Pulling unit 59 Securing arrangement 60 Pulley block 61 First roller unit 62 Second roller unit 63 Rollers 64 Fastening pointReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 1 198 977 B

[0003]

Claims

Load-receiving device (1) for receiving and positioning loads (2), in particular building elements, for building construction and / or for building installation and having at least one base frame (3), by means of which the load-receiving device (1) can be attached to a support means (13), in particular a crane, characterized in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises at least one stop means (4, 5), by means of which the load (2) can be attached to the base frame (3), and in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises at least one lifting actuator (6, 7), by means of which the at least one stop means (4, 5) can be moved relative to the base frame (3) in order to be able to raise or lower the load (2) relative to the base frame (3), and / or in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises at least one holding device (28) for the load (2), wherein the holding device (28) is movably arranged on the base frame (3) by means of at least one rotary joint (29, 30), and wherein the load-receiving device (1) has at least one pivot actuator (31, 32), with the aid of which the load (2) can be pivoted with respect to the base frame.Load-receiving device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises at least one guide device (8), by means of which the at least one stop means (4, 5) is movably guided.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide device (8) comprises at least one deflection unit (9-12), in particular a deflection roller.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop means (4, 5) comprises a stop cable and / or a chain hanger.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base frame (3) comprises at least one pivot bearing (25, 26), on which the holding device (28) for holding the load (2) is arranged, in particular in a detachable manner, or can be arranged, in particular in a detachable manner.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (28) comprises a longitudinal beam (33) and at least one adapter unit (34) for holding the load (2), wherein the longitudinal beam (33) is arranged on the base frame (3) by means of the at least one rotary joint (29, 30), and wherein the adapter unit (34) is arranged on the longitudinal beam (33).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base frame (3) is of frame-shaped design and / or in that the base frame (3) comprises at least one longitudinal member (14, 15), at least one vertical member (16, 17) and / or at least one cross member (18 - 21) and / or in that the base frame (3) is L-shaped or C-shaped in a side view, wherein the L-shape and / or the C-shape is formed by at least one cross member (18 - 21) and at least one vertical member (16, 17).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one pivot bearing (25, 26) and / or the longitudinal beam (33) is arranged at a free end (27) of the at least one cross member (18-21).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide device (8) is designed in such a way that the stop means (4, 5) is guided over the free end (27) of the at least one cross member (18-21) and / or over the longitudinal beam (33).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical beam (16, 17), the longitudinal beam (14, 15) and / or the cross beam (18 - 21) are designed at least in sections to be profiled and / or tubular and / or in that the vertical beam (16, 17), the longitudinal beam (14, 15) and / or the cross beam (18 - 21) have passage openings (40 - 42), so that the at least one stop means (4, 5) is guided at least in sections by means of the at least one guide device (8) within the at least one vertical beam (16, 17), within the at least one longitudinal beam (14, 15) and / or within the at least one cross beam (18 - 21).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (28) is arranged detachably on the base frame (3) and / or in that the adapter unit (34) is arranged detachably on the longitudinal beam (33).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one pivot actuator (31, 32) is arranged between the base frame (3) and the holding device (28), in particular the longitudinal beam (33) and / or the adapter unit (34).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one pivot actuator (31, 32) is arranged in an articulated manner on the base frame (3) and / or on the holding device.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (28), in particular the longitudinal beam (33), comprises at least one lever (35, 36), and in that the at least one pivot actuator (31, 32) is arranged between the at least one lever (35, 36) and the base frame (3), in particular the vertical carrier (16, 17).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one lever (35, 36) comprises a passage channel (43, 44), through which the stop means (4, 5) can be and / or is guided.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (28), in particular the adapter unit (34), comprises at least one fastening element (37, 38), by means of which the load (2) can be detachably fastened to the holding device (28), in particular to the adapter unit (34).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one fastening element (37, 38) is a clamp and / or a screw plate.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter unit (34) is arranged on the longitudinal beam (33) by means of a connecting unit (39), wherein the connecting unit (39) is preferably releasable.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter unit (34) comprises a beam (54) and / or in that the at least one fastening element (37, 38) and / or the connecting unit (39) can be displaced and / or fixed along the adapter unit (34), in particular along the beam (54).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a form-fit and / or force-fit connection can be formed by means of the connecting unit (39), wherein the connecting unit (39) is preferably clamped and / or can be clamped onto the longitudinal beam (33).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises at least one supply unit, by means of which the at least one pivot actuator (31, 32) and / or the at least one lift actuator (6, 7) can be operated.Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base frame (3) comprises two pivot joint bearings (25, 26) and / or in that the holding device (28) is arranged on the base frame (3) by means of two pivot joints (29, 30) and / or in that the load-receiving device (1) comprises two pivot actuators (31, 32) and / or two lift actuators (6, 7).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load-receiving device (1) has stop points at which the load-receiving device (1) can be suspended from the support means (13).Load-receiving device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pulley block is assigned to the at least one lifting actuator (6, 7).Method for positioning loads (2), in particular building elements, for building construction and / or building installation, in which the load (2) is picked up and positioned by means of a load-receiving device (1), characterized in that the load-receiving device (1) is designed according to one or more of the preceding claims, in that the load (2) is attached or attached to the base frame (3) by means of the at least one stop means (4, 5) and in that the load (2) is raised or lowered with respect to the base frame (3) by means of the at least one lifting actuator (6, 7) in order to position the load (2), and / or in that the load (2) is pivoted with respect to the base frame (3) by means of the at least one holding device (28) in order to position the load (2).Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the holding device (28) with the load (2) received is pivoted in the direction of a horizontal or oblique orientation in order to position the load (2).Method according to Claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, after a projection, in particular a roof projection (51), has been undershot, the load (2) is pivoted from the horizontal or oblique orientation into a vertical orientation.

Images