Interface control device, energy storage device, drive train arrangement, method for retrofitting and operating a drive train with an energy storage device, computer program and electronic storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to an interface control device (3) for the integration of at least one energy storage device (5) for the selective storage and release of drive energy in a drive train (7), wherein the interface control device (3) has at least one first interface (33) which is designed to receive at least one request parameter of the drive train (7), wherein the interface control device (3) is designed to specify at least one hybrid control parameter for the operation of the energy storage device (5) as a function of the at least one request parameter.

Description

The invention relates to an interface control device, an energy storage device, a drive train arrangement, a method for retrofitting a drive train and a method for operating a drive train in combination with an energy storage device, a computer program and an electronic storage device.In the course of the increasing efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in all fields of technology, there is a need to be able to store energy amounts dissipated into the environment up to now in drive trains of motor vehicles and to use them at a later point in time for the provision of drive power. For example, in a conventional dump truck with diesel electric drive, braking power is currently converted into heat via resistors and is emitted, i.e. heated, to the environment. The replacement of already installed drive trains and in particular those which are in operation with completely new drive trains equipped with energy stores is complicated and expensive; moreover, components which are still functional per se are obtained in excess as scrap to be disposed of, which is not lasting. It would thus be desirable to be able to retrofit existing drive trains of motor vehicles with energy stores, which is however difficult since the portion of energy stored in the energy store or provided from the energy store in each case has to be taken into account in the control of the remaining components of the retrofitted drive train.The object of the invention is therefore to create an interface control device, an energy storage device, a drive train arrangement, a method for retrofitting a drive train and a method for operating a drive train in combination with an energy storage device, a computer program and an electronic storage device, wherein the disadvantages mentioned are at least reduced, preferably do not occur.The object is achieved by providing the present technical teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claims and of the preferred embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.The object is achieved in particular by providing an interface control device for integrating at least one energy storage device for the selective storage and output of drive energy into a drive train, wherein the interface control device has at least one first interface which is configured to receive at least one request parameter of the drive train, wherein the interface control device is configured to specify at least one hybrid control parameter for the operation of the energy storage device as a function of the at least one request parameter. Advantageously, the interface control device thus provides a type of interface which is connected between the further parts of the retrofitted energy storage device and the drive train and thus enables simple integration of the energy storage device into the existing drive train, specifically taking into account the energy and / or power components now absorbed or provided by an energy storage device of the energy storage device. Thus, existing powertrains can be retrofitted with an energy storage device in a simple, quick, and durable manner while maintaining their components, such that they can be efficiently operated with higher efficiency and reduced carbon dioxide emissions.In one embodiment, the interface control device is configured to output the at least one hybrid control parameter via a second interface. Alternatively or additionally, the interface control device is configured to output the at least one hybrid control parameter to a hybrid control device of the energy storage device. In one configuration, the hybrid control device is configured to specify, at least in one operating mode, a division of energy and / or power components on the one hand to the drive train and on the other hand to the energy store of the energy storage device.In the context of the technical teaching described here, "presetting" is understood in particular to mean an active determination, that is to say not "determination" in the sense of "detection" or "measurement", but rather "determination" in the sense of "active determination" or "calculation".In one embodiment, the request parameter of the drive train is selected, in particular, from a group consisting of an operating mode, for example deceleration or acceleration, a power request, a rotational speed request, for example a setpoint rotational speed of a power device of the drive train designed as an internal combustion engine to be set, excitation of an electric machine of the drive train, and a combination of at least two of the aforementioned parameters.In one configuration, the request parameter is received by the interface control device from a drive train control device of the drive train, that is to say the interface control device receives the request parameter from the drive train control device.In one configuration, the energy storage device additionally has an energy storage control device. The hybrid control parameter can be output directly to the energy storage control device or it can be output to the hybrid control device, which in turn specifies at least one storage control parameter as a function of the hybrid control parameter and outputs this to the energy storage control device.In one configuration, the interface control device is configured to preset at least one drive train control parameter as a function of the at least one hybrid control parameter and / or the at least one requirement parameter, and to output the at least one drive train control parameter-preferably via the at least one first interface or a third interface-to the drive train, in particular to a drive train control device. The interface control device can thus advantageously have direct influence on the control of the drive train, in particular in order to perform a distribution of a requested power on the one hand to the drive train and on the other hand to the energy store.In one configuration, the interface control device is configured to preset the at least one drive train control parameter for the operation of an internal combustion engine and a first electric machine of the drive train-preferably via the at least one first interface or a third interface-as a function of the at least one requirement parameter and / or the at least one hybrid control parameter.Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for the hybrid control device to preset the at least one drive train control parameter as a function of at least one parameter selected from the at least one hybrid control parameter, the at least one storage control parameter and the at least one requirement parameter and to output it to the drive train, in particular to the drive train control device, in particular in order to perform the power split.In one configuration, the hybrid control device is configured to specify, as a function of the at least one parameter selected from the at least one hybrid control parameter, the at least one storage control parameter and the at least one request parameter, the at least one drive train control parameter for the operation of the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine, in particular a rotational speed request for the internal combustion engine and an excitation for the first electric machine as respective drive train control parameters.According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the interface control device is configured to preset at least one drive train feedback parameter and to output the at least one drive train feedback parameter-preferably via the at least one first interface-to the drive train. Advantageously, the interface control device is thus able to provide feedback to the drive train, in particular in such a way that the drive train can be operated by the drive train control device as if the energy storage device were not present.The at least one drive train feedback parameter can be selected from a group consisting of a simulated actual rotational speed of the internal combustion engine of the drive train, a simulated actual rotational speed of a radiator fan of a brake resistor arrangement, a simulated electric current intensity between a power switch arrangement and the brake resistor arrangement, a simulated excitation of the electric machine of the drive train, a simulated electric current intensity of the electric machine-in particular in an exciter winding-a simulated electric voltage of the electric machine-in particular at the exciter winding-and a combination of at least two of the aforementioned parameters.In one embodiment, the interface control device is configured to preset the at least one drive train feedback parameter as a function of the at least one request parameter and optionally as a function of the at least one hybrid control parameter and / or the at least one storage control parameter.In one configuration, the interface control device is configured to output the at least one drive train feedback parameter to a sensor input of the drive train, in particular of the drive train control device. Preferably, a data output of the interface control device is configured to be operatively connected to a sensor input of the drive train control device in order to output the drive train feedback parameter to the sensor input via the data output. Thus, a presumed or virtual sensor signal for the operation of the drive train can be generated by means of the interface control device in order to mirror the drive train control device in a preferred embodiment a behavior which would otherwise result without using the energy storage device.According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the interface control device is configured to preset the at least one drive train feedback parameter in such a way that the drive train control device of the drive train receiving the at least one drive train feedback parameter is pre-reflected with a function of the drive train without the at least one energy storage device. This means in particular that the function of the drive train is simulated by the interface control device without the at least one energy storage device for the drive train control device. Thus, the drive train control device advantageously behaves as if no retrofitting of the energy storage device had been carried out; this in turn means that no change is required in the drive train control device for retrofitting the energy storage device; instead, this can operate and operate as it is in the drive train before retrofitting. All changes and / or effects resulting from the retrofitting are taken over or (path) simulated or compensated by the interface control device. As a result, retrofitting of the energy storage device is possible in a particularly simple manner.The object is also achieved by providing an energy storage device for retrofitting on a drive train, which has an energy storage device, an energy storage control device and an interface control device according to the invention operatively connected to the energy storage control device or an interface control device according to one or more of the embodiments described above. In connection with the energy storage device, there are in particular the advantages which have already been described above in connection with the interface control device.In one embodiment, the energy storage device additionally has the hybrid control device, which is preferably operatively connected on the one hand to the interface control device and on the other hand to the energy storage control device. In particular, the interface control device is operatively connected indirectly to the energy storage control device via the hybrid control device.According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the energy storage device is configured to regulate an intermediate circuit voltage in a DC link circuit of the drive train to a first setpoint voltage in a delay mode. Advantageously, recovered braking energy can thus be stored in the energy store, wherein at the same time it is preferably prevented that the braking energy is heated via braking resistances.In one configuration, the interface control device or the hybrid control device is configured to preset the first setpoint voltage, in particular as a function of a second setpoint voltage obtained from the drive train control device.In such a configuration, the drive train is preferably an, in particular series, internal combustion engine-electric, preferably diesel-electric drive train, which has a DC link circuit into which at least one first electric machine, when operated as a generator, can feed electrical energy, wherein the first electric machine or a second electric machine, when operated as a motor, can draw electrical energy from the link circuit and provide it as a drive line, wherein, when operated as a generator, it can feed recovered braking energy into the DC link circuit.In such a conventional drive train without an energy storage device, the intermediate circuit voltage in the DC link is typically regulated by the drive train control device in the deceleration mode by actuating circuit breakers of a circuit breaker arrangement that are electrically connected to brake resistors of a brake resistor arrangement to the second setpoint voltage of the drive train. Thus, the amount of recuperated braking energy that is always released as heat via the braking resistors to the environment is sufficient to keep the intermediate circuit voltage at the level of the second setpoint voltage. The second target voltage is preferably defined in the powertrain control device.In the embodiment proposed here, it is provided that, in the deceleration mode, the intermediate circuit voltage is controlled by the energy storage device to the first setpoint voltage by storing the recovered braking energy at least partially into the energy storage device.In one embodiment, the first target voltage is less than the second target voltage of the powertrain. In this way, the energy storage device can successfully regulate the intermediate circuit voltage to the first setpoint voltage as long as the entire recovered braking energy can be stored in the energy storage device. If the energy store is already excessively loaded, that is to say in particular a state of charge (SOC) of the energy store is so high that it is no longer possible to store the entire recovered braking energy or no longer possible to store further energy, or if a currently occurring recovered braking power is higher than a power which can be absorbed by the energy store, the intermediate circuit voltage increases beyond the first setpoint voltage. In this case, the drive train control device advantageously automatically regulates the intermediate circuit voltage to the second setpoint voltage. In this case, quite automatically, and without the need for further complicated measures, only that portion of the braking energy which cannot be absorbed by the energy store is always heated via the braking resistors.In one embodiment, it is possible that the regulation of the intermediate circuit voltage to the first setpoint voltage-and optionally the specification of the first setpoint voltage-described here is at least partially adopted by the hybrid control device and / or the energy storage control device, wherein the interface control device outputs, as the hybrid control parameter, only a signal to the hybrid control device that the deceleration mode is set, and optionally specifies the first setpoint voltage in particular as a function of the second setpoint voltage.Alternatively or additionally, the energy storage device, in particular the interface control device, is configured to ascertain a power request from at least one drive train signal of the drive train received via the first interface in an acceleration mode, and to specify the at least one hybrid control parameter as a function of the ascertained power request.In one embodiment, the energy storage device, in particular the interface control device, is configured to receive, as the at least one drive train signal, a first rotational speed request generated by the drive train control device for the power device of the drive train embodied as an internal combustion engine and, on the other hand, a first excitation for the first electric machine of the drive train, which is drive-operatively connected to the internal combustion engine and operated as a generator in the acceleration mode. The energy storage device, in particular the interface control device, is further configured to determine the desired power from the first rotational speed request and the first excitation.In one configuration, the energy storage device, in particular the interface control device, is additionally configured to receive, as the at least one drive train signal, also a driving request position signal of a driving request manipulator, in particular of an accelerator pedal, and to plausibilize the power request on the basis of the received driving request position signal.In one configuration, the interface control device is configured to output the desired power itself as the hybrid control parameter to the hybrid control device. The hybrid control device is then preferably configured to preset the storage control parameter and optionally the at least one drive train control parameter as a function of the hybrid control parameter and thus to operate the energy storage device on the one hand and the drive train on the other hand.In another configuration, the interface control device itself is configured to input and output the storage control parameter and optionally the at least one drive train control parameter as a function of the desired performance.In one embodiment, the at least one drive train control parameter is, on the one hand, a second rotational speed request for the internal combustion engine and, on the other hand, a second excitation for the electric machine. The storage control parameter is preferably a parameter for controlling a DC-DC converter. The second rotational speed request and the second excitation deviate from the first rotational speed request and the first excitation in a manner virtually complementary to a power which is assigned to the storage control parameter and is taken from the energy storage device or is stored in the energy storage device; in particular, the higher the power component provided by the energy storage device in the desired power, the lower the second rotational speed request and / or the second excitation can be selected, since the power component provided by the internal combustion engine is correspondingly lower-and vice versa.The rotational speed requirement for the internal combustion engine, whether it be the first rotational speed requirement or the second rotational speed requirement, is preferably predefined as a function of a load point of the internal combustion engine, in particular in such a way that an efficiency of the internal combustion engine is as high as possible, preferably optimized. The actual power control is preferably effected by the specification of the excitation. By regulating the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, the injected fuel quantity is then adjusted as a function of the excitation and the load which is actually present.Optionally, the interface control device is additionally configured to preset the at least one drive train feedback parameter in the acceleration mode as a function of the determined power request. Advantageously, in this way, it is ensured in particular that the power device of the drive train providing the drive power provides the complementary portion of the drive power, which is or can not be applied by the energy store in particular. For this purpose, the at least one drive train feedback parameter is preferably predefined by the interface control device in such a way that the drive train control device receives just that power component which is not applied from the energy store or can be applied - or which optionally additionally has to be produced when the energy store is intended to be charged, as the power to be applied.In this case, the control or regulation of the provision of the drive power can optionally take place via a speed regulation of a power device designed as an internal combustion engine or-analogously to the deceleration mode-via a regulation of the intermediate circuit voltage. In a preferred embodiment, pilot control is carried out on the basis of the rotational speed, and the compensation of remaining deviations is carried out by regulating the intermediate circuit voltage.In one embodiment, the interface control device is configured to preset a simulated actual rotational speed of the internal combustion engine as the at least one drive train feedback parameter and to output it to the drive train control device, wherein the simulated actual rotational speed is determined in such a way that it corresponds to a fictitious actual rotational speed of the internal combustion engine actuated with the first rotational speed request without the energy storage device. Alternatively or additionally, the interface control device is configured to specify, as the at least one drive train feedback parameter, a simulated actual excitation which is determined in such a way that it corresponds to a fictitious actual excitation of the electric machine which is actuated with the first excitation and is not provided with the energy storage device. In this way, the powertrain control device is effectively mirrored from operation without the energy storage device.The object is also achieved by providing a drive train arrangement which has a drive train and an energy storage device according to the invention or an energy storage device according to one or more of the embodiments described above, wherein the drive train has a drive train control device, and wherein the energy storage device is operatively connected to the drive train in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train into the energy storage device of the energy storage device and supplied to the drive train from the energy storage device. The interface control device of the energy storage device is configured to receive at least one request parameter from the drive train control device and to specify at least one hybrid control parameter as a function of the at least one request parameter. In connection with the drive train arrangement, in particular, the advantages result which have already been described above in connection with the interface control device or the energy storage device.According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the drive train is designed as an internal combustion engine, diesel electric, diesel mechanical or diesel hydraulic drive train.Alternatively or additionally, the energy storage device is designed as an electrical or electrochemical energy storage device, in particular as a capacitor or battery, pneumatic or hydropneumatic or as a mechanical energy storage device, in particular as a flywheel.The invention also includes a motor vehicle having a drive train arrangement according to the invention or a drive train arrangement according to one or more of the embodiments described above. The motor vehicle is preferably selected from a group consisting of an excavator, a truck or truck, a mining vehicle or construction vehicle, in particular a wheel loader or dump truck, a rail vehicle, a ship vehicle, for example a yacht, a ferry or a submarine, and a military vehicle, in particular an armoured vehicle, for example a combat armour, protective armour, tracking armour, mine clearing armour or the like.The object is also achieved by providing a method-also referred to below as a retrofitting method-for retrofitting a drive train having a drive train control device with an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device is operatively connected to the drive train in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train in an energy storage of the energy storage device and supplied to the drive train from the energy storage device, wherein an interface control device of the energy storage device is operatively connected to the drive train control device of the drive train in such a way that at least one requirement parameter can be received by the drive train control device by the interface control device, wherein at least one hybrid control parameter can be predefined by the interface control device as a function of the at least one requirement parameter. In connection with the retrofitting method, the advantages result in particular, which have already been described above in connection with the interface control device, the energy storage device or the drive train arrangement. Advantageously, in particular the drive train control device is retained unchanged during the retrofitting, and only the energy storage device is additionally implemented and suitably operatively connected to the interface control device. The interface control device thereby advantageously ensures that the drive train control device can continue to function as if the energy storage device were not present, thus requiring in particular no changed parameterization or other adaptation of the drive train control device.In one embodiment, the energy storage device is also retrofitted to a hybrid control device which is operatively connected to the interface control device and optionally to an energy storage control device of the energy storage device.The various control devices are operatively connected to one another in particular in such a way that the functionality described above in connection with the interface control device or the energy storage device is provided, in particular with regard to the drive train control parameter and the at least one drive train feedback parameter.In one embodiment, at least one data output of the interface control device is operatively connected to at least one sensor input of the drive train control device, in particular in order to output the at least one drive train feedback parameter to the drive train control device.The object is also achieved by providing a method-also referred to below as an operating method-for operating a drive train having a drive train control device in combination with an energy storage device, in particular an energy storage device according to the invention or an energy storage device according to one or more of the embodiments described above, wherein an interface control device of the energy storage device, in particular an interface control device according to the invention or an interface control device according to one or more of the embodiments described above, presets a hybrid control parameter as a function of at least one requirement parameter of the drive train control device, wherein the energy storage device is operated with the hybrid control parameter. In connection with the operating method, there are in particular the advantages which have already been described above in connection with the interface control device, the energy storage device, the drive train arrangement or the retrofitting method. Preferably, a drive train arrangement according to the invention or a drive train arrangement according to one or more of the embodiments described above is operated in the operating method.The operating method is preferably distinguished by at least one method step or a combination of method steps which have been explained above explicitly or implicitly in connection with the mode of operation of the interface control device, of the energy storage device or of the drive train arrangement.The object is also achieved by creating a computer program comprising machine-readable instructions - i.e. instructions - by means of which an interface control device, in particular an interface control device according to the invention or an interface control device according to one or more of the embodiments described above, is caused to execute an operating method according to the invention or an operating method according to one or more of the embodiments described above, when the computer program runs on the interface control device. In conjunction with the computer program, the advantages result in particular, which have already been described above in conjunction with the interface control device, the energy storage device, the drive train arrangement, the retrofitting method or the operating method.Finally, the object is also achieved by providing an electronic storage device having a computer program according to the invention stored on the electronic storage device or a computer program according to one or more of the embodiments described above. In conjunction with the electronic storage device, there are in particular the advantages which have already been described above in conjunction with the interface control device, the energy storage device, the drive train arrangement, the retrofitting method, the operating method or the computer program.The invention is explained in more detail below in conjunction with the drawing. Figure shows FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a drive train arrangement having an exemplary embodiment of an interface control device for integrating at least one energy storage device into a drive train; FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a method for operating the drive train arrangement according to FIG. 1 in a first operating mode; FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a method for operating a drive train without an energy storage device in a second operating mode, and FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of the exemplary embodiment of the method for operating the drive train arrangement according to FIG. 1 in the second operating mode.FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a drive train arrangement 1 of a motor vehicle 2 with an exemplary embodiment of an energy storage device 5 having an interface control device 3 for integration into a drive train 7.The motor vehicle 2 is preferably selected from a group consisting of an excavator, a truck or truck, a mining vehicle or construction vehicle, in particular a wheel loader or dump truck, a rail vehicle, a ship vehicle, for example a yacht, a ferry or a submarine, and a military vehicle, in particular an armoured vehicle, for example a combat armour, protective armour, tracking armour, mine clearing armour or the like.The drive train arrangement 1 has a drive train control device 9. The energy storage device 5 is operatively connected to the drive train 7 in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train 7 into an energy storage device 11 of the energy storage device 5 and supplied to the drive train 7 from the energy storage device 11. The energy store 11 may comprise, for example, a plurality of battery cells and one or more battery management systems (not shown). The interface control device 3 is configured to receive at least one request parameter from the drive train control device 9, and to specify at least one hybrid control parameter to the energy storage device 5 as a function of the at least one request parameter.The energy storage device 5 also has a hybrid control device 13 which is operatively connected to the interface control device 3 in order to receive the hybrid control parameter. The hybrid controller 13 and the interface controller 3 may be advantageously implemented in a common module (not shown) as hardware or software. Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid control device 13 can also be operatively connected directly to the energy store 11.In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the energy store 11 is designed as an electrical energy store, in particular as a battery.In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the drive train 7 is designed as a diesel-electric drive train 7 and has an internal combustion engine 15 and a first electric machine 17 which is connected to the internal combustion engine 15 in a drive-acting manner. The first electric machine 17 can be operated selectively as a motor or as a generator, but in the exemplary embodiment shown is regularly operated as a generator and driven by the internal combustion engine 15. It is electrically connected to a DC link circuit 21 via a first inverter 19. The DC link 21 is in turn electrically connected via second inverters 23 to electric hub motors 27 as second electric machines, which are arranged on wheels 25 of the motor vehicle 2, it being possible for the hub motors 27 to be operated as motors in an acceleration mode and as generators in a deceleration mode. Furthermore, the DC link 21 is electrically connected to a plurality of brake resistors of a brake resistor arrangement 31 via a plurality of power switches of a power switch arrangement 29.The power train control device 9 has a plurality of operation modes, specifically, a deceleration mode and an acceleration mode. In the acceleration mode, the second inverters 23 are controlled in order to operate the hub motors 27 as motors and to supply electrical power from the DC link 21 for accelerating the wheels 25. At the same time, the first electric machine 17 is driven by the internal combustion engine 15 in order to feed electric power into the DC link 21. In the deceleration mode, the second inverters 23 are controlled in order to operate the hub motors 27 as generators, wherein electrical braking power is re-calculated and fed via the second inverters 23 into the DC link 21. This recovered electrical braking power is converted into heat via the suitably controlled power switch arrangement 29 and the brake resistor arrangement 31 and is dissipated to the environment, thus being heated.The drive train control device 9 is thus configured to operate the drive train 7 in a conventional manner without the energy storage device 5.According to the idea underlying the invention, it is now provided to retrofit the drive train 7 with the energy storage device 5 while maintaining the drive train control device 9, in particular without modification of the same. The interface control device 3 is accordingly configured for the integration of the energy storage device 5 for the selective storage and output of drive energy from and into the drive train 7.For this purpose, it has at least one first interface 33, which is configured to receive the at least one request parameter of the drive train 7, and it is configured to preset the at least one hybrid control parameter as a function of the at least one request parameter, and in particular to output the at least one hybrid control parameter to the hybrid control device 13 via a second interface 35. The interface control device 3 provides an interface which enables simple integration of the energy storage device 5 into the existing drive train 7 taking into account the energy or power components now absorbed or provided by the energy storage device 11, which is described in more detail below.The request parameter is preferably selected from a group consisting of the operating mode, specifically the deceleration mode or acceleration mode, a power request, a rotational speed request, in particular a setpoint rotational speed to be adjusted, an excitation-in particular of the first electric machine 17-, and a combination of at least two of the aforementioned parameters.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the hybrid control parameter is output via the second interface 35 to the hybrid control device 13, which in turn specifies a storage control parameter as a function of the hybrid control parameter and outputs this to an energy storage control device 37.The energy store 11 is electrically connected to the DC link 21 via a DC-DC converter 39 in order-in particular depending on the actuation of the DC-DC converter 39 by the energy store control device 37-to feed energy from the DC link 21 or to deliver it to the DC link 21.The interface control device 3 is preferably configured to preset at least one drive train control parameter as a function of the at least one hybrid control parameter and / or the at least one requirement parameter, and to output the at least one drive train control parameter to the drive train 7 via the at least one first interface 33 or, as illustrated here for the sake of better clarity, via a third interface 41.The interface control device 3 is further preferably additionally configured to preset at least one drive train feedback parameter-preferably as a function of the at least one request parameter and optionally as a function of the at least one hybrid control parameter-and to output the drive train feedback parameter to the drive train 7 via the at least one first interface 33 or the third interface 41. The at least one drive train feedback parameter is predefined by the interface control device 3 in such a way that the drive train 7 can be operated by the drive train control device 9 as if the energy storage device 5 were not present. In this case, the drive train control device 9 is provided with a function of the drive train without the at least one energy storage device 5, or-in other words-the interface control device 3 simulates the function of the drive train 7 without the energy storage device 5 for the drive train control device 9.The at least one drive train feedback parameter is preferably selected from a group consisting of a simulated actual rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 15, a simulated actual rotational speed of a radiator fan of the brake resistor arrangement 31, a simulated electric current intensity between the power switch arrangement 29 and the brake resistor arrangement 31, a simulated excitation in particular of the first electric machine 17, a simulated electric current intensity in particular of the first electric machine 17-in particular in an excitation winding-, a simulated electric voltage in particular of the first electric machine 17-in particular at the excitation winding-and a combination of at least two of the mentioned parameters.Within the scope of a retrofitting method of the drive train 7 having the drive train control device 9 with the energy storage device 5, the energy storage device 5 is retrofitted to the drive train 7, wherein the energy storage device 5 is operatively connected to the drive train 7 in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train 7 into the energy storage 11 and supplied to the drive train 7 from the energy storage 11. The interface control device 3 of the energy storage device 5 is operatively connected to the drive train control device 9 for this purpose in such a way that the at least one request parameter can be received by the drive train control device 9 by the interface control device 3, wherein the at least one hybrid control parameter can be predefined by the interface control device 3 as a function of the at least one request parameter.Within the scope of an operating method for operating the drive train 7 in combination with the energy storage device 5, a hybrid control parameter is predefined by the interface control device 3 as a function of the at least one requirement parameter, wherein the energy storage device 5 is operated with the hybrid control parameter.FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a method for operating the drive train arrangement 1 according to FIG. 1 in a first operating mode, namely a deceleration mode.Identical and functionally identical elements are provided with identical reference symbols in all figures, so that reference is made to the preceding description in each case in this respect.Upon a brake request position signal of a brake request manipulator 43, in particular a brake pedal, the drive train control device 9 switches into the deceleration mode and controls the second inverters 23 such that braking energy from the wheels 25 is recovered by the hub motors 27 and fed as electrical energy into the DC link 21. At the same time, conventionally, without the energy storage device 5, the control device 9 regulates the intermediate circuit voltage in the intermediate circuit 21 by suitable actuation of the circuit breaker arrangement 29 to a setpoint voltage 45, referred to here as second setpoint voltage in delimitation from a first setpoint voltage 47 described below, by virtue of excess electrical energy being heated via the brake resistor arrangement 31.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the delay mode is now received by the interface control device 3 as the request parameter transmitted by the control device 9. In addition, the interface control device 3 also receives the second target voltage 45, and then inputs and outputs the hybrid control parameter to the hybrid control device 13 such that it includes delay mode information and first target voltage calculation information 47, or directly the first target voltage 47. The hybrid controller 13 then sets a corresponding storage control parameter and outputs it to the storage controller 37.The storage control device 37 now regulates the intermediate circuit voltage to the first setpoint voltage 47 by corresponding actuation of the DC-DC converter 39, in particular in such a way that as much electrical energy as possible is stored from the intermediate circuit 21 into the energy storage 11.Although the previously explained regulating mechanism of the drive train control device 9 to the second setpoint voltage 45 remains active in parallel, it is ineffective as long as the intermediate circuit voltage is effectively regulated to the first setpoint voltage 47 by the storage control device 37, since the first setpoint voltage 47 is less than the second setpoint voltage 45. Only when the storage control device 37 is no longer successful in regulating the intermediate circuit voltage to the first setpoint voltage 47, because, for example, the energy storage device 11 can no longer absorb sufficient energy or cannot absorb the electrical power required for regulation, the intermediate circuit voltage also rises again above the second setpoint voltage 45, wherein the control mechanism of the drive train control device 9 then automatically engages and the then in this respect excess energy or power is easily heated via the circuit breaker arrangement 29 and the brake resistor arrangement 31.FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a method for operating a drive train 7 without the energy storage device 5 in a second operating mode.The drive train control device 9 receives a travel request position signal of a travel request manipulator 49, in particular of an accelerator pedal, and then controls the second inverters 23 in such a way that the hub motors 27 are operated as motors and drive power is supplied from the DC link 21 to the drive wheels 25.In order to provide the necessary electrical power, the drive train control device 9 also specifies, as a function of the drive request position signal, on the one hand a setpoint rotational speed 51, which is referred to as second setpoint rotational speed in a delimitation from a first setpoint rotational speed 61 described below, a rotational speed request 53, which is referred to as second rotational speed request in a delimitation from a first rotational speed request 57 described below, and an excitation 55, which is referred to as second excitation in a delimitation from a first excitation 59 described below. It outputs the second rotational speed request 53 and the second excitation 55 to the unit, referred to here for short and somewhat lax as "Genet 15, 17", of internal combustion engine 15 and electric machine 17.It is also shown here that the drive train control device 9 regulates the generator 15, 17 to the second setpoint rotational speed 51. In fact, the set 15, 17 is preferably pre-controlled by means of the second setpoint rotational speed 51, wherein an actual power control to the intermediate circuit voltage in the DC-link circuit 21 takes place, which is only indicated very schematically here.FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of the exemplary embodiment of the method for operating the drive train arrangement 1 according to FIG. 1 in the second operating mode.At this time, the interface controller 3 receives, from the power train controller 9, the acceleration mode, the second rotational speed request 53, and the second energization 55 as the power train parameter. It is possible for the interface control device 3 to also receive the second setpoint rotational speed 51, which is not specifically shown here for the sake of better clarity. Further, the interface control device 3 receives the travel request position signal.The interface control device 3 is configured to ascertain a desired performance from the second rotational speed request 53 and the second excitation 55 in the acceleration mode. It is possible for the power request determined to be checked for plausibility on the basis of the driving request position signal. The interface control device 3 is further configured to output the power request to the hybrid control device 13 as a hybrid control parameter.The hybrid control device 13 is configured to specify the first rotational speed request 57, the first excitation 59 and the storage control parameter for the energy storage control device 37 as a function of the desired power. In this case, the hybrid control device 13 specifies a distribution of the drive power to be applied with respect to the desired power, on the one hand, to the generator 15, 17 and, on the other hand, to the energy store 11 and determines the first rotational speed requirement 57, the first excitation 59 and the storage control parameter as a function of this distribution. Thus, as a rule, if sufficient power can be provided by the energy store 11, the first rotational speed requirement 57 and the first excitation 59 differ from the second rotational speed requirement 53 and the second excitation 55, in particular they are typically each smaller. The first speed request 57 and the first excitation 59 are in particular drive train control parameters.The generator 15, 17 is now driven with the first rotational speed request 57 and the first excitation 59, and the energy storage control device 37 drives the DC-DC converter 39 with the storage control parameter.The hybrid control device 13 preferably also determines a second setpoint rotational speed 61 and determines the first rotational speed request 57 and the first excitation 59 such that the internal combustion engine 15 is controlled to the second setpoint rotational speed 61 and / or that the internal combustion engine 15 is pilot controlled at the second setpoint rotational speed 61. Here too, the actual power control is preferably carried out by the hybrid control device 13 to the intermediate circuit voltage in the DC link 21, which is again only roughly schematically indicated.In the acceleration mode, the interface control device 3 outputs a simulated actual rotational speed 63 as the at least one drive train feedback parameter as a function of the determined power request and to the drive train control device 9. In this case, the simulated actual rotational speed 63 corresponds in particular to a fictitious rotational speed which would be established at the internal combustion engine 15 when it is actuated with the second rotational speed request 53 without the energy storage device 5. In this way, it is ensured that, with otherwise unchanged operation of the drive train control device 9, the second rotational speed request 53 and the second excitation 55 always correspond to the actual desired output.The interface control device 3 can alternatively or additionally be configured to specify, as the at least one drive train feedback parameter, a simulated actual excitation which is determined in such a way that it corresponds to a fictitious actual excitation of the first electric machine 17 controlled with the second excitation 55, without the energy storage device 5.It is possible for the interface control device 3 to additionally simulate further signal inputs or the like for the drive train control device 9 in order to mirror operation without the energy storage device 5.

Claims

Interface control device (3) for the integration of at least one energy storage device (5) for the selective storage and output of drive energy into a drive train (7), wherein - the interface control device (3) has at least one first interface (33) which is configured to receive at least one request parameter of the drive train (7), wherein - the interface control device (3) is configured to preset at least one hybrid control parameter for the operation of the energy storage device (5) as a function of the at least one request parameter.Interface control device (3) according to Claim 1, wherein the interface control device (3) is configured - to preset at least one drive train control parameter as a function of the at least one hybrid control parameter and / or the at least one requirement parameter, and - to output the at least one drive train control parameter - preferably via the at least one first interface (33) or a third interface (41) - to the drive train (7), and / or - to preset at least one drive train feedback parameter, and - to output the at least one drive train feedback parameter - preferably via the at least one first interface (33) or the third interface (41) - to the drive train (7).Interface control device (3) according to Claim 2, wherein the interface control device (3) is configured to preset the at least one drive train feedback parameter in such a way that a drive train control device (9) of the drive train (7) receiving the at least one drive train feedback parameter is pre-reflected with a function of the drive train (7) without the at least one energy storage device (5).Energy storage device (5) for retrofitting on a drive train (7), having an energy storage device (11), an energy storage control device (37) and an interface control device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, which is operatively connected to the energy storage control device (37).Energy storage device (5) according to Claim 4, wherein the energy storage device (5) is set up to - in a deceleration mode, regulate an intermediate circuit voltage in a DC link (21) of the drive train (7) to a first setpoint voltage (47), which is optionally smaller than a second setpoint voltage (45) of the drive train (7), and / or - in an acceleration mode, determine a power request from at least one drive train signal of the drive train (7) received via the first interface (33), and preset the at least one hybrid control parameter and optionally the drive train feedback parameter as a function of the determined power request.Drive train arrangement (1), having a drive train (7) having a drive train control device (9) and an energy storage device (5) according to either of Claims 4 and 5, wherein the energy storage device (5) is operatively connected to the drive train (7) in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train (7) into the energy storage device (11) of the energy storage device (5) and fed to the drive train (7) from the energy storage device (11), wherein the interface control device (3) of the energy storage device (5) is configured to receive at least one request parameter from the drive train control device (9), and to specify at least one hybrid control parameter as a function of the at least one request parameter.Drive train arrangement (1) according to Claim 6, wherein - the drive train (7) is designed as an internal combustion engine, diesel-electric, diesel-mechanical or diesel-hydraulic drive train, and / or - the energy store (11) of the energy storage device (5) is designed as an electrical, pneumatic, hydropneumatic or electrochemical energy store, in particular as a capacitor or battery, or as a mechanical energy store, in particular as a flywheel.Method for retrofitting a drive train (7) having a drive train control device (9) with an energy storage device (5), wherein the energy storage device (5), in particular an energy storage device (5) according to one of Claims 4 or 5, is retrofitted on the drive train (7), wherein the energy storage device (5) is operatively connected to the drive train (7) in such a way that energy can be selectively stored by the drive train (7) into an energy store (11) of the energy storage device (5) and fed to the drive train (7) from the energy store (11), wherein an interface control device (3) of the energy storage device (5) is operatively connected to the drive train control device (9) of the drive train (7) in such a way that at least one request parameter can be received from the drive train control device (9) by the interface control device (3), wherein at least one hybrid control parameter can be predefined by the interface control device (3) as a function of the at least one requirement parameter.Method for operating a drive train (7) having a drive train control device (9) in combination with an energy storage device (5), in particular an energy storage device (5) according to one of Claims 4 or 5, wherein an interface control device (3) of the energy storage device (5), in particular an interface control device (3) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, specifies a hybrid control parameter as a function of at least one requirement parameter of the drive train control device (9), wherein the energy storage device (5) is operated with the hybrid control parameter.A computer program comprising machine readable instructions, on the basis of which an interface control device (3), in particular an interface control device (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is caused to execute a method according to claim 9 when the computer program runs on the interface control device (3).Electronic storage device having a computer program according to Claim 10 stored on the electronic storage device.

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