humidifier

Abstract

The invention relates to a humidifier (1) for a fuel cell system with a fuel cell for humidifying dry air (TL) flowing to the fuel cell with moist air (FL) flowing from the fuel cell. The humidifier (1) comprises a membrane stack (2) and a housing (4). The humidifier (1) further comprises two circumferential seals (13a, 13b) which are clamped between the membrane stack (2) and the housing (4) to provide a seal. The respective seals (13a, 13b) are associated with side surfaces (6a, 6b) of the membrane stack (2) for the moist air (FT). The invention also relates to the fuel cell system with the fuel cell and the humidifier (1).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a humidifier for a fuel cell system for a vehicle, in particular for a vehicle powered by the fuel cell system, having a fuel cell for humidifying dry air flowing to the fuel cell with moist air flowing from the fuel cell according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to the fuel cell system with the fuel cell and the humidifier.

[0002] A humidifier can be used in a fuel cell system with a fuel cell. The humidifier can humidify dry air flowing to the fuel cell with moist air flowing from the fuel cell. The fuel cell is typically a stack, i.e. a stack of individual fuel cell elements stacked on top of one another. The humidifier typically comprises a membrane stack with several membranes stacked at a distance from one another in the stacking direction. The dry air and the moist air can flow through the membrane stack in a cross-flow manner without mixing, so that the moisture or water vapor can be transferred from the moist air to the dry air via the membranes. The membrane stack is housed in a housing and sealed to the housing in such a way that the dry air and the moist air can flow to and from the membrane stack without mixing within the housing.

[0003] Because the air continuously loses pressure as it flows through the fuel cell system, the pressure in the dry air and the resulting pressure in the membrane stack are significantly higher than the pressure in the moist air. This creates significant forces within the housing between the areas through which the dry air flows and the membrane stack and the areas through which the moist air flows. This can cause the membrane stack, in particular, to deform and, in the worst case, damage the membrane bond. Accordingly, the membrane stack must be sufficiently stable, which requires additional manufacturing effort and costs.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved or at least alternative embodiment for a humidifier of the generic type, in which the described disadvantages are overcome. The object of the invention is also to provide a corresponding fuel cell system with the humidifier.

[0005] This object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0006] The present invention is based on the general idea of ​​sealing the membrane stack to the housing on the wet side of the humidifier - wet-wet sealing - and thereby avoiding or at least reducing the deformation of the membrane stack during operation of the humidifier.

[0007] The humidifier according to the invention is provided or designed for a fuel cell system for a vehicle with a fuel cell. The humidifier according to the invention is provided or designed in particular for a fuel cell system for a vehicle powered by the fuel cell system or a fuel cell of the fuel cell system. In particular, the humidifier is provided or designed to humidify dry air flowing to the fuel cell with moist air flowing from the fuel cell. The humidifier has a membrane stack composed of a plurality of flat membranes, wherein the membranes in the membrane stack are stacked at a distance from one another in a stacking direction. The membrane stack has four side surfaces oriented parallel to the stacking direction and two end surfaces oriented transversely to the stacking direction.Two opposing side surfaces are provided or designed for the inflow and outflow of moist air into and out of the membrane stack, and two other opposing side surfaces are provided or designed for the inflow and outflow of dry air into and out of the membrane stack. The end surfaces of the membrane stack are airtight. The humidifier further comprises a housing, and the membrane stack is accommodated in the housing. The humidifier has two circumferential seals, with the respective seals being clamped sealingly between the membrane stack and the housing. According to the invention, the respective seals are assigned to the side surfaces for the moist air and airtightly separate the respective side surfaces for the moist air from one another and from the side surfaces for the dry air and the end surfaces within the housing.

[0008] In the context of the present invention, the phrases "for dry air" and "in dry air" are used synonymously with the phrase "dry air side." Similarly, the phrases "for moist air" and "in moist air" are used synonymously with the phrase "moist air side."

[0009] In the membrane stack, the membranes are stacked one above the other in the stacking direction. The membranes can be airtight and permeable to moisture or water vapor, so that moist air and dry air cannot pass through the membranes in the membrane stack, yet can still exchange moisture or water vapor with each other. The membranes can be rectangular and flexible.

[0010] Wet air side channels and dry air side channels can be formed between the membranes, which can alternate in the stacking direction. The respective dry air side channels and the respective wet air side channels can be arranged transversely to the stacking direction in cross-flow and can be permeable to flow. For this purpose, the respective dry air side channels can connect the dry air side surfaces of the membrane stack to one another in an air-conducting manner and be hermetically separated from the wet air side surfaces of the membrane stack. Accordingly, the respective wet air side channels can connect the wet air side surfaces of the membrane stack to one another in an air-conducting manner and be hermetically separated from the dry air side surfaces of the membrane stack.The individual adjacent membranes can be bonded together using two edge-mounted adhesive strips, and these edge-mounted adhesive strips also form the respective channels between the membranes. Spacers can be arranged between the membranes, which can be bonded to the membranes using the edge-mounted adhesive strips.

[0011] The membrane stack itself can be cuboid-shaped. The side and end faces of the membrane stack can completely form its outer surface or completely define the membrane stack from the outside. The respective seals are circumferentially shaped and can surround the moist air side of the membrane stack. The respective seals can be elastic, for example.

[0012] When the humidifier is in operation, the dry air pressure or dry air pressure prevails on the dry air side surfaces, and the moist air pressure or moist air pressure prevails on the moist air side surfaces. Within the membrane stack itself, the dry air pressure and moist air pressure alternate. Overall, the resulting pressure in the membrane stack roughly corresponds to the dry air pressure. Since the air continuously loses pressure as it flows through the fuel cell system, the dry air pressure is significantly higher than the moist air pressure. For example, the dry air can have a pressure of approximately 3 bar and the moist air a pressure of approximately 2 bar. Accordingly, a pressure difference of approximately 1 bar can arise between individual areas in the humidifier housing.

[0013] The respective seals can hermetically separate the respective wet air side surfaces from the respective dry air side surfaces and from the end faces such that, during humidifier operation, a dry air side pressure prevails on the dry air side surfaces and at the end faces within the housing. This ensures comparable pressure at the end faces of the membrane stack inside and outside the membrane stack, and swelling of the membrane stack in the stacking direction or at the end faces can be avoided or at least significantly reduced. In other words, a force imbalance caused by pressure differences inside and outside the membrane stack can be avoided or at least reduced. This can prevent damage to the membrane stack.In addition, the airtight separation of the two dry-air side surfaces from each other is simplified because the pressure is distributed almost evenly on the dry-air side surfaces and on the end faces. In particular, due to the almost even pressure distribution, there is no strong flow of dry air from one dry-air side surface to the other dry-air side surface around the membrane stack. Therefore, a complex and completely airtight sealing of the two dry-air side surfaces from each other is not necessary, and the effort and cost of manufacturing the humidifier can be reduced.

[0014] In one possible embodiment of the humidifier, the membrane stack can have two sealing plates. The sealing plates can form a sealing contact with the respective last membranes in the stacking direction and form the end faces of the membrane stack. The sealing plates can therefore be part of the membrane stack. The sealing plates can be molded from plastic, for example, and / or bonded—for example, glued—to the respective last membranes in the stacking direction.

[0015] The membrane stack can be at least partially sealed to the housing at the respective sealing plates in such a way that a dry-air side pressure prevails within the housing on the dry-air side surfaces and at the end faces during operation of the humidifier. The membrane stack can be at least partially sealed to the housing at the respective sealing plates and connected in an air-conducting manner via a bypass in such a way that a dry-air side pressure prevails within the housing on the dry-air side surfaces and at the end faces during operation of the humidifier. As a result, as already described above, swelling of the membrane stack in the stacking direction or at the end faces can be avoided or at least significantly reduced, and a complex and completely airtight sealing of the two dry-air side surfaces from one another can be avoided.

[0016] The membrane stack can have two labyrinth seals on the respective sealing plates, facing away from the membranes. The respective labyrinth seals can form a sealing contact with the housing and separate the housing into at least partially hermetically sealed sections. Alternatively, the membrane stack can have two seals clamped between the respective sealing plates and the housing. The respective seals can similarly separate the housing into at least partially hermetically sealed sections.

[0017] In the humidifier, the wet air side surfaces are separated from each other and from the dry air side surfaces and the end faces by two circumferential seals. The wet air side surfaces can be completely airtight. The two dry air side surfaces can be separated within the housing by the two labyrinth seals or the two seals. Since the almost uniform pressure prevents a strong flow of dry air from one dry air side surface to the other dry air side surface around the membrane stack, the dry air side surfaces can only be partially airtight. This can significantly reduce the effort required to seal the membrane stack in the housing.

[0018] In one possible embodiment of the humidifier, the membrane stack can have two sealing frames. The respective sealing frames can be positioned adjacent to the edges of the moist air side surfaces and can extend around them. The respective sealing frames can be sealingly connected to the moist air side surfaces, and the respective seals can be clamped between the respective sealing frames and the housing. The respective sealing frames can be molded from plastic, for example, and / or integrally bonded—for example, glued—to the moist air side surfaces.

[0019] One seal can be arranged on one sealing frame and the other seal on the other sealing frame in such a way that the respective seals are pressed against the housing by the respective sealing frames in opposite directions. In other words, the two seals can be arranged on the respective sealing frames facing away from the respective moist air side surfaces.

[0020] The housing of the humidifier can have two separate or distinct housing parts - a first housing part and a second housing part. The respective seals can then be pressed onto the different housing parts of the housing by the respective sealing frames. During assembly of the humidifier, the membrane stack can be pushed into the first - suitably pot-shaped - housing part in a direction or insertion direction that is perpendicular to the moist air side. One seal can then be clamped between the first housing part and one sealing frame after the membrane stack has been pushed in. The second housing part can then be fastened to the first housing part, with the membrane stack being clamped between the two housing parts. This allows the other seal to be clamped between the other sealing frame and the second housing part. One seal can then be pressed in one direction orInsertion direction and the other seal is then pressed against this direction in a different direction or against the insertion direction by the associated sealing frame onto the housing.

[0021] Alternatively, one seal can be arranged on one sealing frame and the other seal on the other sealing frame such that the respective seals are pressed against the housing by the respective sealing frames in the same direction or insertion direction. In other words, the two seals can be aligned in the same direction or insertion direction on the membrane stack. One seal can face away from the associated moist air side side surface and the other seal can be arranged on the respective sealing frame facing the associated moist air side side surface. The moist air side side surface and the seal facing it can be arranged, for example, on one side of the sealing frame. The seal can run around the membrane block and the respective moist air side side surface at a distance.

[0022] The housing can have two separate or distinct housing sections – a first housing section and a second housing section. The respective seals can then be pressed onto the same housing section – for example, the first housing section – by means of the respective sealing frames. During assembly of the humidifier, the membrane stack can be inserted into the first – suitably pot-shaped – housing section in an insertion direction perpendicular to the moist air side. The humidifier is pushed forward into the first housing section with the seal facing away from the associated moist air side. After the membrane stack has been pushed in, the two seals are arranged between the first housing section and the respective sealing frames. The second housing section can then be fastened to the first housing section, with the membrane stack being clamped between the housing sections.The two seals are then pressed in the insertion direction by the associated sealing frame onto the first housing part.

[0023] The invention also relates to a fuel cell system for a vehicle having a fuel cell and the humidifier described above. The fuel cell system according to the invention is provided or designed in particular for a vehicle powered by the fuel cell system or a fuel cell of the fuel cell system. The humidifier is connected to the fuel cell in an air-conducting manner and can be flowed through by dry air flowing to the fuel cell and by moist air flowing from the fuel cell. The side surfaces for the dry air can be flowed through by the dry air, and the side surfaces for the moist air can be flowed through by the moist air. The fuel cell system can, for example, have a compressor that is connected upstream of the humidifier on the dry air side. During operation of the fuel cell system or the humidifier, the dry air can flow directly after the compressor to the humidifier.The dry air can then be humidified in the humidifier and flow on to the fuel cell. The moist air can then flow from the fuel cell into the humidifier and humidify the dry air. The moist air flows a longer distance through the fuel cell system than the dry air and may have a lower pressure than the dry air. To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above explanations at this point.

[0024] Further important features and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims, from the drawings and from the associated description of the figures based on the drawings.

[0025] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

[0027] They show, schematically Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a humidifier according to the invention in a first embodiment; Fig. 2 a view of the humidifier according to the invention in the first embodiment with a housing part shown transparently; Fig. 3 a view of the humidifier according to the invention in the first embodiment without a housing part; Fig. 4 a sectional view of the humidifier according to the invention in a second embodiment.

[0028] Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a humidifier 1 according to the invention in a first embodiment. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show differing views of the humidifier 1 according to the invention in the first embodiment. The humidifier 1 is provided or designed for a fuel cell system with a fuel cell (not shown here) for humidifying dry air TL flowing to the fuel cell with moist air FT flowing from the fuel cell. The humidifier 1 comprises a membrane stack 2 with a plurality of flat membranes 3 stacked in a stacking direction ST and a housing 4 with a first housing part 4a and a second housing part 4b. Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 For clarity, only some membranes 3 are shown. In Fig. 2, the second housing part 4b is shown transparent and in Fig. 3, the second housing part 4b is not shown.

[0029] The membrane stack 2 is cuboid-shaped and has two permeable side surfaces 5a and 5b for the dry air TL and two permeable side surfaces 6a and 6b for the moist air FL. Furthermore, the membrane stack 2 has two airtight end surfaces 7a and 7b. The dry air side surfaces 5a and 5b are located opposite each other in the membrane stack 2 and are aligned parallel to the stacking direction ST. The moist air side surfaces 6a and 6b are located opposite each other in the same way and are aligned parallel to the stacking direction ST. The end surfaces 7a and 7b are aligned transversely to the stacking direction ST. The membrane stack 2 has two sealing plates 8a and 8b - see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 - which are in sealing contact with the respective last membranes 3 in the stacking direction ST. The sealing plates 8a and 8b are firmly connected to the respective membranes 3 - for example, glued - and form the end faces 7a and 7b of the membrane stack 2. Labyrinth seals 9a and 9b are provided on the sealing plates 8a and 8b - see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 - integrally formed.

[0030] The individual membranes 3 are stacked and bonded together in the membrane stack 2 in such a way that the dry air TL flows through the membrane stack 2 from the side surface 5a to the side surface 5b, and the moist air FL flows through the membrane stack 2 from the side surface 6a to the side surface 6b in a crossflow without mixing. The membranes 3 are permeable to moisture and water vapor and airtight, allowing the dry air TL and the moist air FL to exchange moisture and water vapor via the membranes 3.

[0031] Formed in the housing 4 are an inlet 10a and an outlet 10b for the dry air TL, and an inlet 11a and an outlet 11b for the moist air FL. The dry air inlet 10a is assigned to the dry air side surface 5a, and the dry air outlet 10b is assigned to the dry air side surface 5b, and are connected to them in an air-conducting manner. Furthermore, the moist air inlet 11a is assigned to the moist air side surface 6a, and the moist air outlet 11b is assigned to the moist air side surface 6b, and are connected to them in an air-conducting manner.

[0032] The membrane stack 2 also has two sealing frames 12a and 12b, which are assigned to the humid air side surfaces 6a and 6b. The sealing frames 12a and 12b form a sealing seal against the humid air side surfaces 6a and 6b and are, for example, glued to the humid air side surfaces 6a and 6b. Two circumferential seals 13a and 13b of the humidifier 1 are also clamped between the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b and the housing 4.

[0033] In the first embodiment of the humidifier 1, the respective seals 13a and 13b are arranged on the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b, facing away from the respective side surfaces 6a and 6b. As a result, the two seals 13a and 13b are pressed in a sealing manner by the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b in opposite directions R1 and R2 and against different housing parts 4a and 4b. During assembly of the humidifier 1, the membrane stack 2 with the seal 13a can therefore first be pushed into the first housing part 4a in the direction R1, thereby placing the seal 13a between the sealing frame 12a and the first housing part 4a. Subsequently, the second housing part 4b can be arranged on the first housing part 4a, thereby placing the second seal 13b between the sealing frame 12b and the second housing part 4b.The first housing part 4a and the second housing part 4b can then be sealingly connected to one another—here via a circumferential seal 14. At the same time, the respective seals 13a and 13b can be clamped or pressed between the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b and the respective housing parts 4a and 4b.

[0034] In the humidifier 1, the moist air-side side surfaces 6a and 6b are sealed to the housing 4 by seals 13a and 13b. This hermetically separates the inlet 11a and the outlet 11b from the inlet 10a and the outlet 10b. The labyrinth seals 9a and 9b seal against the housing 4 and hermetically separate the inlet 10a and the outlet 10b from each other, or at least partially.

[0035] During operation of the humidifier 1, a dry air side pressure prevails on the dry air side side surfaces 5a and 5b and a wet air side pressure prevails on the wet air side side surfaces 6a and 6b. In the membrane stack 2, the areas of dry air side pressure and wet air side pressure alternate. Overall, the resulting pressure in the membrane stack 2 approximately corresponds to the dry air side pressure. Since the wet air side side surfaces 6a and 6b are hermetically separated from other areas of the housing 4 by the seals 13a and 13b, the dry air side pressure prevails on the dry air side side surfaces 5a and 5b and also externally on the end surfaces 7a and 7b. Accordingly, the resulting pressure inside the membrane stack 2 and the pressure outside the membrane stack 2 are almost identical. This prevents or at least reduces deformation or swelling of the membrane stack 2 at the end surfaces 7a and 7b.

[0036] Due to the nearly uniform pressure on the dry-air side surfaces 5a and 5b and the end surfaces 7a and 7b, there is also no strong flow of dry air TL from the dry-air side surface 5a to the dry-air side surface 5b around the membrane stack 2, so that the labyrinth seals 13a and 13b do not have to completely hermetically separate the dry-side side surfaces 5a and 5b. In other words, the respective labyrinth seals 9a and 9b also allow a bypass of the dry air TL around the membrane stack 2. This can reduce the effort involved in manufacturing the humidifier 1 and the cost of the humidifier 1.

[0037] Fig.4 shows a sectional view of the humidifier 1 according to the invention in a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the seal 13a is arranged on the sealing frame 12a facing away from the moist air side surface 6a. The seal 13b, on the other hand, is arranged on the sealing frame 12b facing the moist air side surface 6b. In other words, the seal 13b and the side surface 6b are arranged on one side of the sealing frame 12b. As a result, the two seals 13a and 13b are pressed sealingly against the first housing part 4a by the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b in a common direction R1. When assembling the humidifier 1, the membrane stack 2 with the seal 13a and the seal 13b can therefore first be pushed into the housing part 4a in the direction R1 and the seals 13a and 13b can thereby be arranged between the respective associated sealing frames 12a and 12b and the first housing part 4a.The second housing part 4b can then be arranged on the first housing part 4a and sealingly connected to the second housing part 4b—here via the circumferential seal 14. At the same time, the respective seals 13a and 13b can be clamped or pressed sealingly between the respective sealing frames 12a and 12b and the first housing part 4a. Otherwise, the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the humidifier 1 are identical. List of reference symbols 1 humidifier 2 membrane stacks 3 Membran 4 housings 4a / 4b housing part 5a / 5b Dry air side surface 6a / 6b Moist air side surface 7a / 7b frontal surface 8a / 8b sealing plate 9a / 9b Labyrinth seal 10a / 10b dry air side inlet / outlet 11a / 11b humid air inlet / outlet 12a / 12b sealing frame 13a / 13b seal 14 Seal ST stacking direction R1 / R2 direction TL Dry Air FL Humid air

Claims

[1] Humidifier (1) for a fuel cell system for a vehicle with a fuel cell for humidifying a dry air (TL) flowing to the fuel cell with a moist air (FL) flowing from the fuel cell, - wherein the humidifier (1) has a membrane stack (2) of several flat membranes (3) and the membranes (3) in the membrane stack (2) are stacked at a distance from one another in a stacking direction (ST), - wherein the membrane stack (2) has two opposite side surfaces (5a, 5b) aligned parallel to the stacking direction (ST) for the inflow and outflow of the dry air (TL) into and out of the membrane stack (2), - wherein the membrane stack (2) has two further side surfaces (6a, 6b) opposite one another and aligned parallel to the stacking direction (ST) for the inflow and outflow of the moist air (FL) into and out of the membrane stack (2), - wherein the membrane stack (2) has two airtight end faces (7a, 7b) aligned transversely to the stacking direction (ST), - wherein the humidifier (1) has a housing (4) and the membrane stack (2) is accommodated in the housing (4), and - wherein the humidifier (1) has two circumferential seals (13a, 13b) and the respective seals (13a, 13b) are clamped sealingly between the membrane stack (2) and the housing (4), characterized by that the respective seals (13a, 13b) are assigned to the side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FT) and hermetically separate the respective side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FT) within the housing (4) from one another and from the side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) and from the end surfaces (7a, 7b). [2] Humidifier (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the respective seals (13a, 13b) separate the respective side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FT) from the respective side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) and from the end surfaces (7a, 7b) in such an airtight manner that, within the housing (4), during operation of the humidifier (1), a pressure prevailing in the dry air prevails on the side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) and on the end surfaces (7a, 7b). [3] Humidifier (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the membrane stack (2) has two sealing plates (8a, 8b), wherein the sealing plates (8a, 8b) bear sealingly against the respective last membranes (3) in the stacking direction (ST) and form the end faces (7a, 7b) of the membrane stack (2). [4] Humidifier (1) according to claim 3, characterized by , - that the membrane stack (2) is at least partially sealed to the housing (4) at the respective sealing plates (8a, 8b) in such a way that, within the housing (4), during operation of the humidifier (1), a pressure prevailing in the dry air (TL) prevails on the side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) and on the end surfaces (7a, 7b), and / or - that the membrane stack (2) is at least partially sealed at the respective sealing plates (8a, 8b) to the housing (4) and is connected in an air-conducting manner via a bypass in such a way that, within the housing (4), during operation of the humidifier (1), a pressure prevailing in the dry air (TL) prevails on the side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) and on the end surfaces (7a, 7b). [5] Humidifier (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by , - that the membrane stack (2) has two labyrinth seals (9a, 9b) formed on the respective sealing plates (8a, 8b) facing away from the membranes (3), wherein the respective labyrinth seals (9a, 9b) bear sealingly against the housing (4) and separate the housing (4) into at least partially airtight regions, or - that the membrane stack (2) has two seals clamped between the respective sealing plates (8a, 8b) and the housing (4), wherein the respective seals separate the housing (4) into at least partially airtight regions. [6] Humidifier (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , - that the membrane stack (2) has two sealing frames (12a, 12b) and the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b) rest on the edges of the side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FL) and encircle them, and - that the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b) are sealingly connected to the side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FL) and the respective seals (13a, 13b) are sealingly clamped between the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b) and the housing (4). [7] Humidifier (1) according to claim 6, characterized by that one seal (13a) is arranged on one sealing frame (12a) and the other seal (13b) is arranged on the other sealing frame (13b) in such a way that the respective seals (13a, 13b) are pressed against the housing (4) in opposite directions (R1, R2) by the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b). [8] Humidifier (1) according to claim 7, characterized by that the housing (4) has two separate housing parts (4a, 4b) and the respective seals (13a, 13b) are pressed onto the different housing parts (4a, 4b) of the housing (4) by the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b). [9] Humidifier (1) according to claim 6, characterized by that one seal (13a) is arranged on one sealing frame (12a) and the other seal (13b) is arranged on the other sealing frame (12b) in such a way that the respective seals (13a, 13b) are pressed against the housing (4) in the same direction (R1) by the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b). [10] Humidifier (1) according to claim 9, characterized by that the housing (4) has two separate housing parts (4a, 4b) and the respective seals (13a, 13b) are pressed onto the same housing part (4a) of the housing (4) by the respective sealing frames (12a, 12b). [11] Fuel cell system for a vehicle with a fuel cell and a humidifier (1) according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the humidifier (1) is connected to the fuel cell in an air-conducting manner and can be flowed through by a dry air (TL) flowing to the fuel cell and by a moist air (FL) flowing from the fuel cell, and - wherein the side surfaces (5a, 5b) for the dry air (TL) can be flowed through by the dry air (TL) and the side surfaces (6a, 6b) for the moist air (FL) can be flowed through by the moist air (FL).

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