Fastening device and overhead line system with fastening device

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening arrangement (1) and to a contact line system with at least one such fastening device (1) for at least one contact line (2, 3) for supplying energy to at least one vehicle on a route, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is provided for fastening to a structure (5) with at least one enclosed area (6) through which the at least one contact line (2, 3) and the route pass, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is arranged at least partially within the enclosed area (6) and substantially horizontally above the route, and wherein the fastening arrangement (1) has at least one profile (10) running substantially parallel to the direction of travel and at least one holding device (15), wherein the at least one holding device (15) is connected to the at least one contact line (2,3) and wherein the at least one profile (10) is at least partially electrically insulating and can be ground by a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle.

Description

The invention relates to a fastening device and a overhead wire system with a fastening device.For the electrical energy supply of rail-bound and / or non-rail-bound vehicles of all types, for example, toll trains or short-distance trains, e-trucks or e-buses, etc., an uninterrupted energy supply is to be sought. For this purpose, it is necessary, among other things, for the current-carrying lines, in particular overhead lines or overhead wires, to have uninterrupted contact with the corresponding current collector(s), in particular pantographs, of the relevant vehicles. For installing the current-carrying lines above the vehicles and their holders, corresponding space is required, in particular sufficiently large installation space for mechanically installing the holders under structures, for example bridges, tunnels, sign bridges, for example in variable-speed traffic sign installations, for example on freeways, etc. This is generally limited under structures and, if appropriate, the available installation space is also not sufficient since otherwise, for example, electrical minimum distances to be maintained would be undershot, etc. In such cases, either the electrical energy supply can not be ensured among the relevant structures, for example a bridge, or the structure, for example a bridge, would have to be converted, as a result of which, in turn, the operation of the respective route is very greatly restricted over relatively long periods of time, and thus, overall, very high construction and operating costs are caused.Due to the salt input due to local proximity of the overhead lines to sea shores or due to stray salts on beams in winter, in particular due to the generated, fluidized salt mist due to road traffic, the required creepage distances for the holders of the current-carrying lines must be significantly longer than in comparable applications. This additionally complicates the mechanical installation of holders with limited installation space.In order to keep the size of the required installation space for the overhead lines and the necessary protective space for the current collectors or pantographs of the associated vehicles as small as possible and thus to avoid correspondingly cost-intensive structural measures as much as possible, the following, determining parameters are usually taken into account as far as possible.The size of the installation space required for the overhead lines under or within buildings or within the installed space of buildings is determined or influenced by the following parameters:the height of the current-carrying conductor, for example the contact wire, etc.,the lifting of the current-carrying conductor and its holding device by the current collector or pantograph of the vehicle(s),the minimum electrical distance in air between the active parts of an overhead line system and the corresponding structural parts, for example a bridge lower edge,the vertical installation space of the holding devices for the respective current-carrying conductor or conductors,the construction of the structure with or without "caverns", i.e. optionally present cavities of the relevant structures which can be correspondingly used for installation,the covering of the travel paths in the direction of travel by the relevant structure, for example a bridge, andin a bridge, the inclination of the lower edge of the bridge and the relevant travel path relative to one another.The size of the necessary protective space for a current collector or pantograph on travel routes, in particular with or for non-track guided vehicle(s) or non-rail bound vehicle(s), is accordingly determined or influenced by the following parameters:the pantograph is raised when it laterally leaves the current-carrying overhead lines, it being necessary in these situations to ensure that the pantograph of a vehicle is not allowed to strike the relevant structure under any circumstances and / or cause an electrical short circuit,the speed of travel of the vehicle in questionthe longitudinal inclination of the current-carrying overhead line(s) with respect to the relevant roadway.The invention is based on the object of specifying a fastening device and a overhead line installation having at least one such fastening device, with which the required installation space for overhead line installations and the required protective space for current collectors or pantographs of relevant vehicles can be reduced.The object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1 and of independent claim 14.For this purpose, the fastening device according to the invention, which is provided for fastening to a structure having at least one converted region, has at least one profile running substantially parallel to the direction of travel of at least one vehicle on a route, and at least one holding device, wherein the at least one holding device is connected to at least one route line, wherein the at least one route line and the route line pass through the structure having the at least one converted region, and wherein the at least one profile is designed to be at least partially electrically insulating and capable of being looped by a current collector of the at least one vehicle. The solution according to the invention has the advantage that the flat fastening device can reduce the installation space required for the overhead line or overhead line. Furthermore, by using at least one or also a plurality of the electrically insulating and grindable profiles for guiding the pantograph around and below the edges and lower edges of the respective structure through which the overhead line or overhead line installation passes, the necessary protective space for the current collector or pantograph of the vehicle(s) can also be reduced. In particular in overhead line systems for rail-bound vehicles, the associated current collectors or pantographs can be guided through a single profile and a contact line or a contact wire, wherein the contact line or contact wire is fixed by means of the holding device, for example with an end position stop upwards. When using a plurality of profiles, these are arranged running substantially parallel to one another. Consequently, the solution according to the invention is advantageously suitable and applicable both for rail-bound and non-rail-bound vehicles of all types, for example long-distance or short-distance trains, e-trucks or e-buses etc. Thus, corresponding travel paths or travel paths under structures or through structures, for example bridges, tunnels, sign bridges, etc., can be electrified more easily. In particular in the case of buildings with particularly low overall heights over the travel paths or travel paths, electrification of the corresponding travel paths is only possible without structural modification of the relevant buildings by the solution according to the invention. Cost-intensive new construction or else elevation of buildings can consequently be avoided. Furthermore, as it were, an uninterrupted electrical energy supply can be ensured on the respective travel paths or travel paths, as a result of which the service life of the corresponding components, for example slide elements of the current collector or collectors, main switches on or in the vehicles, etc., is correspondingly increased by a lower load. In this way, the length of the electrified routes increases without interruptions of the power supply and thus overall the attractiveness of the electrification of routes or routes, for example roads, in particular freeways, rail routes, etc. increases.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the holding device is substantially rod-shaped, wherein a first end is connected to the at least one overhead wire and the second end is connected at least indirectly to the structure, wherein the holding device is arranged substantially laterally to the overhead wire.Particularly preferably, the holding device has a joint at the second end, by means of which the holding device is connected in an articulated manner to the structure.The holding device is preferably designed to be insulating. The connection of the first end of the holding device to the at least one overhead line is realized, for example, via an additional clamp.In this way, the holding device can be designed to be particularly flat and elastic and can be arranged substantially transversely or horizontally, i.e. substantially parallel to the underside of a structure, for example a bridge, as a result of which the required installation space for the overhead or overhead line can be further reduced.According to a further preferred development of the invention, the holding device can be deflected at least partially upwards.As a result, the holding device can, in particular by means of pressure at the first end of the holding device on the overhead line, correspondingly compensate deflections of the overhead line, for example by or during driving on current collectors or pantographs of the vehicles.Particularly preferably, the holding device is deflectable not only in the vertical direction, but additionally also in the horizontal direction, in particular in the direction of travel. As a result, the holding device can react flexibly to changes in length of the overhead line, for example due to weather influences, etc., can move with it and thus compensate for it.Particularly preferably, the first end of the holding device can be deflected upwards from a normal position to an adjustable end position.As a result, the maximum deflection, i.e. the respectively desired or necessary final setting and thus the end stop of the holding device upwards, toward the relevant structure, can be individually adjusted and thus limited, so that depending on the local circumstances, an electrical minimum distance to the respective structure can be ensured in all cases and is therefore not fallen below. The short-term minimum electrical distance is 50 mm for example for ≤3 kV in the case of direct current (DC), which must not be undershot for safety reasons, for example because of electrical flashovers, etc.According to a further preferred development of the invention, the holding device has an insulator with a long creepage path between the first and the second end.As a result, the creep resistance is advantageously permanently increased, as a result of which creep destruction of the insulators used by leakage currents is prevented, but at least significantly slowed down. In this way, the holding device is particularly effectively protected from damage due to the occurrence of salt mist, in particular over roads with salt scattering in winter and / or in the vicinity of sea shores, etc. It is particularly advantageous to use a narrow, flat insulator with a creepage distance of more than 300 mm for a rated insulation voltage U Nm of 0.9 kV or 334 mm / kV, since the dimensions of the holding device can additionally be reduced thereby and the required installation space for the overhead or overhead line can thus be further reduced. Particularly good results are also achieved for rated voltages up to 1.5 kV DC at a creepage distance of approximately 700 mm + / - 5%, in which the creep resistance of the insulator is simultaneously very high and the dimensions of the holding device do not increase significantly to the disadvantage with respect to the available installation space.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one profile is designed to be completely electrically insulating.Particularly preferably, the at least one profile has at least one abradable contact surface.By means of the use of the electrically insulating and grindable profile(s), in particular the guidance of the current collectors or pantographs of the relevant vehicles around or under the holding devices is simplified and can be implemented in a correspondingly compact and traffic-proof manner, whereby the required installation space for the overhead or overhead line or overhead line can be further reduced.The profiles preferably consist of wear-resistant plastics, for example of GRP-based composites, are thus easily producible and readily available and are produced in particular without a metallic core. Thus, in particular, a sufficient breakdown strength of the insulating and abradable profiles is also ensured.When pantographs are used with monitoring of the associated contact strips by means of inductive sensors, in particular in non-rail-bound vehicles, an erroneous triggering is thereby avoided, whereby erroneous information and, as a result, for example, operational interruptions are avoided. For the production of the profiles, of course, all other materials which are suitable with regard to requirements, in particular non-conductive materials, are also possible.According to a preferred development of the invention, the at least one abradable contact surface has a width of at least 5 mm. The minimum width of the at least one abradable contact surface of a profile advantageously prevents tilting of a current collector, since this allows sufficient downward pressure to be exerted on the wiper strip of the current collector in question. A width of the at least one contact surface of approximately nine to ten mm is particularly advantageous. Particularly preferably, a profile of the fastening arrangement according to the invention has two separate contact surfaces which run at a distance from one another and parallel to one another along the relevant profile and thus particularly effectively prevent tilting of the current collectors. As a result, particularly narrow, grindable profiles can be used.Particularly preferably, the at least one abradable contact surface has a low coefficient of friction. As a result, the sliding capability of the contact strips of the current collectors on the contact surfaces of the profiles is correspondingly improved. This is particularly advantageous with coefficients of friction of less than 0.2.In addition to the advantageous geometric shape of the profiles described above, in particular with small contact surfaces, the described material properties, in particular the increase in the sliding capability, have the effect that the risk of damage to the grinding strips, for example carbon grinding strips, of the relevant current collectors or pantographs can be almost completely neglected when driving on or grinding the profiles.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the distance between each two closest components of the fastening arrangement is smaller than the length of a current collector of the at least one vehicle transversely to the route, wherein the two closest components are two profiles or one profile and one route line on a holding device.The distance between a profile and a trolley line on a holding device is determined here from the distance between the relevant profile and the closest wire of a trolley line which can be looped on at the first end of the relevant holding device. The said distance is relevant in particular in the case of a middle profile of the fastening arrangement, since the middle profile identifies approximately the underlying lane center on which a vehicle normally drives. With respect to the central profile of the fastening arrangement 1, one or more overhead lines of the overhead line installation usually run, for example, to the right and / or left thereof and are held by the respectively associated holding devices. In particular in the case of overhead line systems for rail-bound vehicles, no further profile may be necessary in addition to the profile designated as the middle profile.The length of a current collector or pantograph of a vehicle transversely to the route depends on the type of current collector, in particular the current collector rocker, so that depending on this, in each case the distance between the two closest fastening parts of the fastening arrangement must be dimensioned such that in the worst case position of the contact strip of a current collector, threading and subsequent damage to the overhead line system and / or the vehicle current collectors are avoided.In this way, it is prevented that a current collector or a current collector contact strip can get between two closest components, either two profiles or one profile and one overhead line, on a holding device when driving on the fastening arrangement, and thus threading and subsequent damage to the overhead line system and / or the vehicle current collectors are avoided. Since the minimum length of the contact strip of a conventional current collector is about 800 mm, a distance of about 750 mm is particularly advantageous, in particular for material engineering and cost reasons, since a current collector is thereby held at a suitable or necessary distance from the corresponding structure, for example a bridge, etc., at all times by at least one profile.According to a further preferred development of the invention, at least one profile is formed from at least two partial profiles which are separated from one another.Particularly preferably, at least one partial profile has a material gap at the transition point of the at least two partial profiles, with an edge falling downward in the direction of the travel path, wherein the course of the falling edge extends as far as the end of the material gap.By means of this advantageous geometric configuration of the profile transitions or arrangement of the profiles, longitudinal expansions of the grindable profiles can be compensated in a simple manner and at the same time the threading of a current collector at the transition points during the travel or grinding of the profiles can be prevented. In this case, the downwardly falling edge preferably runs substantially uniformly, that is to say has a substantially constant gradient. In this way, in particular for rail-bound vehicles, a profile configured in this way can be ground in both directions and can thus be traveled.A further aspect of the present invention relates to a overhead line system of a route of a vehicle, having at least one overhead line (2, 3) for supplying energy to the at least one vehicle, having at least one structure (5) having at least one converted region (6) through which the overhead line (2, 3) and the route pass, and having at least one fastening arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13.The embodiments of the invention described above and in particular the advantages thereof can be transferred analogously to the mentioned overhead line installation and therefore also apply to the mentioned overhead line installation in this respect.Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a fastening arrangement according to the invention of an overhead line system, FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from FIG. 1, looking in the direction of travel, FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of a holding device and of two profiles of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 4 shows a perspective side view of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the transition (dilation joint) of two partial profiles of a profile of the fastening arrangement according to the invention from FIG. 4.In FIGS. 1 to 5, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. The embodiments may differ if necessary. For reasons of clarity, a route located below the illustrated fastening arrangement 1 of an overhead line installation has not been illustrated, and only a part of the current collector or pantograph 25 of the associated vehicle of a vehicle located on this route is illustrated in each case only in FIGS. 2 and 3. The structure 5 outlined in the figures, for example, is a bridge structure. The width of the bridge 5 is understood to mean the extension of the bridge 5 in the direction of travel and the length is understood to mean the extension of the bridge 5 transversely to the direction of travel. The overhead lines 2 and 3, by means of the fastening arrangement 1, and the route located beneath them, are in this case guided under the bridge 5 through the region 6 which is converted by the bridge 5.FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention of an overhead line or overhead line installation, here for supplying energy for non-rail vehicles, for example e-trucks or e-buses, etc. The viewing direction is obliquely upward from the bottom, i.e. in the direction of the underside of a bridge 5. the fastening arrangement 1 shown is partially located in the installed space 6 of the structure 5, here below the bridge 5, which is shown only schematically in the present case for reasons of clarity, and is fastened to the underside of the bridge 5. The fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention is arranged substantially horizontally over a route, for example a road, in particular a freeway, and has a plurality of profiles 10 which run substantially parallel to the direction of travel and parallel to one another and of which the central profile is denoted by 10 aand which extend over the entire width of the bridge 5 in the direction of travel. On the right-hand side of FIG. 1, i.e. on the side of the bridge, toward the vehicles, the profiles 10, 10 amend into a guide arrangement 35 which, starting from the bridge 5, is inclined upwards at an acute angle counter to the direction of travel of the vehicles, in order to transfer the current collector or collectors 25 of vehicles to be driven toward the bridge 5 to the corresponding profiles 10, 10 aof the fastening arrangement 1 without any transition. The guide arrangement 35 projects on this side beyond the enclosed space 6 of the bridge 5. For this purpose, the fastening device 1 has a transverse device 36, for example a transverse rod, to which the guide arrangement 35 is fastened, or from which the guide arrangement 35 extends outwards, away from the bridge 5 and ends outwards in a transverse termination 37, for example likewise a transverse rod. On the opposite side of the bridge 5, as a termination of the fastening arrangement 1, there is a further transverse device 38 which, like the transverse device 36, is likewise arranged transversely to the direction of travel. The fastening device 1 has a plurality of holding devices 15 which here each hold one of the two overhead lines 2, 3 or pass these through under the bridge 5. For technical reasons, the contact wires of the contact lines 2, 3 that are each fed to the bridge 5 are each changed to the contact wires of the contact lines 2, 3 that lead away from the bridge 5, so that the holding devices 15 each receive two contact wires of a contact line 2, 3 in the region below the bridge 5.The profiles 10, 10a are each designed according to the invention to be electrically insulating and to be ground by the current collectors 25 of the vehicles. In the embodiment shown, the profiles 10, 10a each consist of a plurality of partial profiles 12, 13 arranged one behind the other and separated from one another, which are not all designated separately for reasons of clarity. The profiles 10, 10a can, however, also be designed in one piece without problems.As already described above, the fastening arrangement 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a plurality of profiles 10 including a middle profile 10 a, the number of which is fundamentally variable and depends substantially on the shape or the dimensions of a corresponding structure, here on the length of the bridge 5 or the width of the roadway passing through the structure, here the bridge 5. With respect to the central profile 10 aof the fastening arrangement 1, one of the two overhead lines 2, 3 extends to the right and the other to the left thereof. The respective associated plurality of holding devices 15 are arranged at a distance from one another in the direction of travel in order to hold the overhead lines 2 and 3. The middle profile 10a identifies approximately the underlying lane center on which a vehicle usually travels. The profiles 10 arranged further outward or completely outward on the right and left of the middle profile 10 aare necessary, in particular for non-rail vehicles on roads, for example freeways, in order to ensure at any time that the current collectors 25 of the vehicles are held at a suitable distance from the respective structure 5, for example a bridge, and cannot collide with the respective structure 5 in the event of in particular rapid changes in direction, for example shear out in the event of sudden avoidance maneuvers, passing processes or corresponding lane changes.FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1, looking in the direction of travel (into the plane of the drawing), that is to say in the direction of the bridge 5. According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the fastening arrangement 1 is arranged for the most part below the bridge 5 in the converted space 6 and fastened to the underside of the bridge 5. The guide arrangement 35 inclined upwards at an acute angle from this perspective in turn makes it possible to see the upper, transverse termination 37 of the guide arrangement 35 outwards, and the transverse device 36 below it, to which the guide arrangement 35 is fastened. FIG. 2 further shows a plurality of profiles 10 running parallel to one another, including the middle profile 10 a, each with contact surfaces 11 of the fastening arrangement 1 which can be ground, and in this view two holding devices 15, of which one is arranged on the right and one on the left with respect to the middle profile 10 aof the fastening arrangement 1, and which each guide one of the two overhead wires 2 and 3, which each consist of two overhead wires.Furthermore, two current collector rockers 25 are shown, one of which loops with its contact strip 27 on the respective associated overhead line 2, 3 and thus supplies the corresponding associated vehicle with electrical energy. The detail section A shown here, which is shown here by way of example and is surrounded in a circular manner, is shown as FIG. 3 in an enlarged view and is correspondingly described in the associated description of the figures.FIG. 2 furthermore shows the distance 30 between two profiles 10 and the distance 31 between the middle profile 10 aand the closer contact wire of the overhead wire 2 on a holding device 15.Both distances 30 and 31 are each smaller than the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a current collector 25 of a vehicle transverse to the route.This prevents a current collector 25 from being able to pass between two closest components of the fastening arrangement 1 in each case when driving on the fastening arrangement 1, i.e. either between two profiles 10 or a profile 10, 10 aand a holding device 15. Consequently, a current collector 25 is held at any time at a suitable or necessary distance from the bridge 5 by at least one profile 10, 10 a, whereby threading and subsequent damage to the overhead line system and / or the current collectors 25 of the relevant vehicles are thus avoided.The required space requirement of the overhead lines 2 and 3, which are guided by means of the respectively assigned holding devices 15 in each case between the central profile 10 aand the respectively closest profile 10 adjacent to it on the left and right, or run between them, results in the differences with respect to the distances 30 and 31, as can be seen from FIG. 2 and as described above. Consequently, the distance between these just described profile pairs 10 and 10 a, which is composed of the distances 31 and 32 (see FIG. 3 ), is greater than the distance 30 between all further adjacent profile pairs 10, between which no contact wire 2, 3 runs. Nevertheless, the distance 31 (and also the distance 32) between the central profile 10 aand the respectively adjacent contact wire of the respective overhead wire 2, 3 on the holding device 15 is likewise smaller than the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a current collector 25 of a vehicle transversely to the travel path.As is likewise shown in FIG. 2, the distances 30 between in each case two adjacent profiles 10, between which in each case no overhead line 2, 3 runs, are preferably the same. Depending on the local requirements, however, the distances 30 can also be different without problems, as long as they do not exceed the minimum length of the contact strip 27 of a current collector 25 of a vehicle transversely to the route. The distances 30 and 31 are generally different-distance 31 is smaller than distance 30 in the present case-but can also be the same depending on the requirement.The minimum length of the contact strip of a conventional current collector is about 800 mm.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the distance 30 is therefore approximately 750 mm, since this is particularly advantageous for the production of the fastening arrangement 1, in particular for material-related and cost reasons.FIG. 3 shows a detailed view A of a holding device 15 and of two profiles 10, 10 aof the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from FIGS. 1 and 2, In this case, the middle profile 10 a, the adjacent profile 10 closest to it on the right as viewed in the direction of travel (into the plane of the drawing), and the holding device 15 holding or guiding the overhead wire 2 running between the two profiles 10 are shown in detail at this point, consisting of two overhead wires running parallel next to one another. In the background, a part of the cross bar 36 of the guide arrangement 35 is visible.The profiles 10, 10 aare each embodied to be completely electrically insulating and capable of being ground by current collectors 25 of vehicles. The profiles 10, 10a shown each have two separate, grindable contact surfaces 11 which extend at a distance from one another and parallel to one another along the relevant profile 10, 10a (into the plane of the drawing). One of the two contact surfaces 11 is located at the lower end of one of two outer walls of a profile 10, 10 a, which extend perpendicularly downwards. The profiles 10, 10a are open downwards for material and cost reasons and are not filled in the space 24 between the mentioned outer walls, as shown in FIG. 3. The profiles 10, 10 aare preferably made of plastics, here in the present case of a GRP-based composite material, are produced in particular without a metallic core and thus have a sufficient dielectric strength. In particular, due to the absence of a metallic core in the profiles 10, 10 a, normally used inductive sensors, which are attached for monitoring the contact strips 27 of the current collectors or pantographs 25, do not trigger when the profiles 10, 10 aare being ground or traveled on, whereby erroneous information and, as a result, for example, operational interruptions are avoided. For the production of the profiles 10, 10a, of course, all other materials which are suitable with respect to the above-mentioned requirements, in particular non-conductive materials, are also possible.The two rubable contact surfaces 11 of the profiles 10, 10 aeach have a width of at least 5 mm, so that together a contact surface with a width of about 10 mm per profile 10, 10 ais obtained, whereby tilting of the current collector 25 is prevented particularly effectively and advantageously, since as a result sufficient pressure can be exerted downward on the contact strip 27 of the relevant current collector or pantograph 25.In addition, the contact surfaces have a low coefficient of friction of less than 0.2, as a result of which the sliding capability of the contact strips 27 of the current collectors 25 on the contact surfaces 11 of the profiles 10, 10 ais correspondingly improved.Together with the above-described small width of the contact surfaces 11, whereby particularly narrow, abradable profiles 10, 10 acan be used, the described material properties, in particular the increase in lubricity, have the effect that the risk of damage to the carbon abrading strips 27 of the relevant current collectors or pantographs 25 when travelling on or abrading the profiles 10, 10 acan be almost completely neglected.The holding device 15 is substantially rod-shaped and is connected by a first end 16 to the two contact wires of the contact line 2. The second end 17 is articulated to the bottom of the bridge 5 to the right of the immediately adjacent profile 10 by means of a joint 18. The holding device 15 is guided through a corresponding gap of the directly adjacent profile 10 through the latter in the direction of the central profile 10 aof the fastening arrangement 1. The holding device 15 is thus arranged essentially laterally of the overhead line 2, transversely or horizontally, i.e. essentially almost parallel to the underside of the bridge 5, as a result of which the required installation space for the overhead or overhead line 2, 3 can be reduced accordingly.In order to make it possible for the holding device 15 to be pushed through a profile 10, the corresponding profile 10, in particular if it is embodied in one piece, must have a correspondingly wide and / or configured gap for pushing through. The profile 10 must remain continuously grindable at the same time in order to prevent a current collector or pantograph 25 from being threaded. In the embodiment shown here, in which the profiles 10, 10 aconsists of a plurality of partial profiles 12, 13, a corresponding gap for a holding device 15 can be formed in a simple manner with a corresponding positioning of two successive partial profiles 12 and 13. In order to nevertheless keep the corresponding profile 10 capable of being ground, a bridging element 22 is then arranged in the gap between the two partial profiles 12 and 13 in order to close or bridge the gap, in which bridging element 22 is selected to be so long that it can be pushed with the respective ends in each case partially into the respective intermediate spaces 24 of the partial profiles 12 and 13 and connected, for example screwed, to the partial profiles 12 and 13. In the view according to FIG. 3, only the one end of the bridging element 22 is visible here. Of course, all possible further, useful solutions are also included in this case for bridging a holding device 15. In the corresponding arrangements of the profile or profiles 10 described above for the recess or for the insertion of a holding device 15 of a overhead drive line 2, 3, the gaps can be designed in such a way that the occurrence of length changes, in particular length expansions, of the overhead drive lines 2, 3, for example due to weather conditions, driving operations etc., can be compensated without any problems.By means of the joint 18, the holding device 15 can be deflected downward and in particular upward from a normal position to an adjustable end position, so that deflections of the overhead line 2, for example due to or during travel with vehicles, can be compensated accordingly. In this case, by means of a corresponding setting of the maximum deflection, i.e. the respectively desired or necessary final setting, the end stop of the holding device 15 upwards, towards the bridge 5, is limited such that an electrical minimum distance to the bridge 5 is ensured and therefore also not fallen below. This can be set individually for each structure, so that the required minimum electrical distance to the respective structure can be ensured in all cases depending on the local circumstances. The short-term minimum electrical distance in air is 50 mm for ≤3 kV DC, for example, and must not be undershot for safety reasons, for example because of electrical flashovers, etc.In addition, the holding device 15 can be deflected not only in the vertical direction, but additionally also in the horizontal direction, in particular in the direction of travel, so that changes in length of the overhead lines 2, 3, for example due to weather influences etc., can be compensated flexibly.The holding device 15 also has, between the first 16 and the second end 17, a narrow and flat insulator 19 with a long creepage distance, by means of which the creep resistance is permanently increased and therefore creep destruction of the insulators 19 used by leakage currents is prevented, but at least significantly slowed down. The insulator 19 shown here has a creepage distance or a creepage distance of approximately 700 mm + / - 5%, and is particularly advantageous since the creep resistance of the insulator 19 is simultaneously very high and the dimensions of the holding device 15 therefore do not increase significantly to the disadvantage with respect to the available installation space.In this way, the holding device 15 is particularly effectively protected from damage due to the occurrence of salt mist, in particular over roads with salt scattering in winter.FIG. 3 furthermore outlines a current collector rocker 25 of a pantograph of a vehicle, the contact strip 27 of which, for example a carbon contact strip, simultaneously loops the contact surfaces 11 of the central profile 10 aand the overhead line 2. Two distances 31 and 32 are relevant for this purpose. distance 31 identifies the distance between the central profile 10 aand the nearest contact wire of the overhead wire 2 at the first end 16 of the holding device 15. distance 32 identifies the distance between the contact wire at the first end 16 of the holding device 15 and the next profile 10.FIG. 4 shows a perspective side view of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1, only one profile 10 of the fastening arrangement 1, consisting of a plurality of partial profiles 12, 13, is visible in this view. The profile 10 extends under the bridge 5, illustrated in outline, over the entire length of the bridge 5 through the region 6 which is converted by the bridge 5 and merges at the transverse device 36 into the guide arrangement 35, which in turn, starting from the bridge 5, is inclined upwards at an acute angle counter to the direction of travel of the vehicles and in the process projects beyond the converted space 6 of the bridge 5. The overhead line 2 extends below the profile 10, wherein the associated holding devices 15 have not been shown for reasons of clarity. A current collector or pantograph 25 of a vehicle, which is only outlined, is located at a location just after a transition (dilation joint) of a partial profile 12 to the subsequent partial profile 13 has been passed.FIG. 5 shows a detailed view B of the transition of two partial profiles 12 and 13 of a profile 10 of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention from FIG. 4, which transition is also referred to as a dilation joint. Each of the two partial profiles 12 and 13 has a contact surface 11 that can be ground at the lower end. A current collector 25 which travels or loops on the contact surfaces 11 moves in the direction of travel from the partial profile 12 in the direction of the partial profile 13; in order to prevent a current collector 25 from being threaded in at this transition point when traveling or grinding on the profiles 10 or partial profiles 12, 13, the partial profile 13 following in the direction of travel has, at the transition point, a material gap 20 having an edge 14 which, as viewed in the direction of travel, slopes downwards in the direction of travel and which extends uniformly, i.e. with a constant gradient downwards. The course of the uniformly decreasing edge 14 extends until the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 13 is reached, which simultaneously represents the end of the material gap 20, so that the length of the material gap 20 in the direction of travel depends on the gradient of the decreasing edge 14 or is defined thereby. A current collector 25 will thus initially leave the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 12 when travelling or passing such a transition point in the direction of travel and move upwards as far as the falling edge 14 of the subsequent partial profile 13. The current collector 25 will then move further along the falling edge 14 in the direction of travel first up to the contact surface 11 and then along the contact surface 11 of the partial profile 13 accordingly.By means of a corresponding additional recess 21 of the partial profile 12 directly before a profile transition or transition point to the partial profile 13, it is also possible in a simple manner to compensate for the occurrence of changes in length, in particular longitudinal expansions, of the grindable profiles 10 or partial profiles 12, 13, for example on account of weather conditions, driving operations etc.Of course, the solution according to the invention is not limited to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5, but also implicitly comprises all further deviations, possible according to the invention, of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.Regardless of the grammatical sex of a certain term, individuals with male, female or other sex identity are included.

Claims

Fastening arrangement (1) for at least one overhead line (2, 3) for supplying energy to at least one vehicle on a route, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is provided for fastening to a structure (5) having at least one converted region (6) through which the at least one overhead line (2, 3) and the route pass, wherein the fastening arrangement (1) is arranged at least partially within the converted region (6) and substantially horizontally over the route, characterized in that the fastening arrangement (1) has at least one profile (10, 10a) running substantially parallel to the direction of travel and at least one holding device (15), wherein the at least one holding device (15) is connected to the at least one overhead line (2, 3) and wherein the at least one profile (10, 10a) is designed to be at least partially electrically insulating and to be ground by a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle.Fastening arrangement (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the holding device (15) is of substantially rod-shaped design, wherein a first end (16) is connected to the at least one overhead line (2, 3) and the second end (17) is connected at least indirectly to the structure (5), wherein the holding device (15) is arranged substantially laterally with respect to the overhead wire (2, 3).Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the holding device (15) has a joint (18) at the second end (17), by means of which the holding device (15) is connected to the structure (5) in an articulated manner.Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (15) can be deflected at least partially upwards.Fastening arrangement (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the first end (16) of the holding device (15) can be deflected upwards from a normal position to an adjustable end position.Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (15) has an insulator (19) with a long creepage path between the first (16) and the second end (17).Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one profile (10, 10a) is designed to be completely electrically insulating.Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one profile (10, 10a) has at least one contact surface (11) which can be ground.Fastening arrangement (1) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the at least one contact surface (11) which can be ground has a width of at least 5 mm.Fastening arrangement (1) according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one abradable contact surface (11) has a low coefficient of friction.Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (30) between in each case two closest constituents of the fastening arrangement (1) is smaller than the length of a current collector (25) of the at least one vehicle transversely with respect to the route, wherein the two closest constituents are two profiles (10) or a profile (10, 10a) and a route line (2, 3) on a holding device (15).Fastening arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one profile (10, 10a) is formed from at least two partial profiles (12, 13) which are separated from one another.Fastening arrangement (1) according to Claim 12, characterized in that at least one partial profile (12, 13) has, at the transition point of the at least two partial profiles (12, 13), a material gap (20) having an edge (14) which slopes downwards in the direction of the travel path, the course of the sloping edge (14) extending as far as the end of the material gap (20).Overhead line installation for a route of a vehicle, having at least one overhead line (2, 3) for supplying energy to the at least one vehicle, having at least one structure (5) having at least one converted region (6) through which the overhead line (2, 3) and the route pass, and having at least one fastening arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13.

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