Drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor car, as well as motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive device (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (12, 52), a cooling and / or lubrication chamber (14, 50) arranged in the housing (12, 52), and a parking lock (22) adjustable between an engaged state and a disengaged state, which has a parking lock actuator (34) having an actuating element (36) which is displaceable relative to the housing (12, 52) in an actuating direction, thereby enabling the parking lock (22) to be moved from one of the states to the other state.A locking device (44) is provided which is designed to fix the actuating element (36) in such a way that a displacement of the actuating element (36) in the actuating direction is prevented, wherein the locking device (44) has a hydraulic holding device (46) with an actuating chamber (48) which is continuously connected to the cooling and / or lubrication chamber (14, 50).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a car, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle, in particular a car.

[0002] DE 10 2020 004 982 A1 discloses an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle as known, comprising a lubrication and / or cooling device and a hydraulic pump which has a first pump connection through which the lubrication and / or cooling device can be supplied in a forward operation of the hydraulic pump with a hydraulic fluid pumped by the hydraulic pump in the forward operation and thereby flowing through the first pump connection.

[0003] DE 10 2012 010 172 A1, DE 10 2012 016 235 A1, DE 10 2020 004 107 A1 and DE 10 2023 000 906 A1 disclose hydraulic systems for motor vehicles, each comprising a hydraulic parking lock actuator device.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to create a drive device for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with such a drive device, so that a particularly advantageous operation can be realized.

[0005] This problem is solved by a drive device with the features of claim 1 and by a motor vehicle with the features of claim 9. Advantageous embodiments with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

[0006] A first aspect of the invention relates to a drive device for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor car, in particular as a passenger car, has the drive device in its fully manufactured state. For example, the motor vehicle can be driven by means of the drive device.

[0007] The drive device comprises a housing and a cooling and / or lubrication chamber, also referred to simply as a space, arranged within the housing. The feature that the chamber is a cooling and / or lubrication chamber means that, particularly during operation of the drive device, a cooling and / or lubricating medium, also referred to simply as a fluid, is contained or held within the chamber, especially at least temporarily, so that, for example, at least one element of the drive device arranged within the chamber can be cooled and / or lubricated by means of the cooling and / or lubricating medium. For example, the component is arranged and thus held within the chamber so as to be movable relative to the housing, in particular rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to the housing. For example, the chamber is bounded by the housing, in particular directly by an inner circumferential surface of the housing.The component, for example, is a gear, also simply referred to as a wheel; the space is also called the gear set space. In particular, it is conceivable that the gear, as the first gear, is part of a gear set arranged in this space. The gear set includes, for example, a second gear, which meshes with the first gear, particularly directly and / or permanently. Thus, the gears arranged in this space can be supplied with fluid and therefore cooled and / or lubricated by the fluid. More specifically, it is conceivable that the housing, also referred to as a gearbox housing, is the housing of a gearbox within the drive device, such that the gearbox includes the aforementioned gear, in particular the gear set with its gears.It is conceivable that the drive device includes a drive motor by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven, particularly via the transmission and thus especially via the gear, and most specifically via the gear set. The drive motor is, for example, an internal combustion engine, also known as a combustion engine or internal combustion power unit. In particular, the transmission can be designed as an automatic transmission.

[0008] The drive device has a parking lock which is adjustable, i.e., switchable, between an engaged state and a disengaged state. The parking lock and, in particular, its function are already well known from the general prior art and are therefore only briefly explained below. The drive device, in particular the gearbox, has, for example, at least one shaft, which can be, for example, an output shaft or driven shaft of the drive device, in particular of the gearbox. The shaft can be arranged, at least partially, in the housing, in particular within the space. For example, the shaft is connected or connectable to the gear in a torque-transmitting manner, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. For example, the shaft is connected to the gear in a torque-transmitting manner, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. The shaft is rotatable about a shaft axis relative to the housing.For example, the drive device, in particular the transmission, can provide at least one torque, also referred to as drive torque or drive torque, via the shaft to drive the motor vehicle.

[0009] The motor vehicle has, for example, at least or exactly two axles arranged consecutively in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, namely a first axle and a second axle. Each axle has at least or exactly two wheels, the wheels being located on opposite sides of the vehicle in the transverse direction. The wheels are ground contact elements by which the vehicle can be supported or is supported downwards against the ground. When the vehicle is driven along the ground while supported downwards by the ground contact elements, the ground contact elements roll along the ground, particularly directly.For example, the drive torque can be used to drive at least one of the vehicle's wheels, thereby propelling the vehicle. It is also conceivable that the drive torque can drive at least one or exactly one of the vehicle's axles, particularly simultaneously, thus propelling the vehicle. The vehicle wheel that can be driven by the drive torque is also called a drive wheel. Therefore, the wheels that can be driven by the drive torque are also referred to as drive wheels. In particular, the drive device, especially the transmission, can provide the drive torque via the shaft. Thus, for example, the drive motor can drive the drive wheel(s) and therefore the vehicle via the shaft.

[0010] The engaged state of the parking lock is also referred to as the activated state, and the disengaged state is also referred to as the deactivated state. This means that in the engaged state, the parking lock is engaged, i.e., activated, while in the disengaged state, the parking lock is disengaged and therefore deactivated.

[0011] It is conceivable that the drive wheel or drive wheels are, in particular permanently, coupled to the shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, such that, with respect to a torque flow along which the drive torque can be transmitted from the shaft to the drive wheel or drive wheels, no disconnecting device is arranged between the shaft and the respective drive wheel, which, for example, is switchable between a connected state coupling the respective drive wheel to the shaft in a torque-transmitting manner and a disconnecting state decoupling the respective drive wheel from the shaft. Furthermore, the motor vehicle, for example, in its fully manufactured state, has a structure, in particular designed as a self-supporting body, which defines an interior space of the motor vehicle, also referred to as the passenger compartment or passenger cell.During a vehicle journey, occupants such as the driver may be present in the interior. In its engaged position, the parking lock releases the shaft for rotation relative to the housing around its axis of rotation. This allows the shaft to rotate around its axis relative to the housing, or allows the respective drive wheel to rotate relative to both the housing and the vehicle body. For example, when the transmission is driven by applying torque from the engine, the shaft rotates around its axis relative to the housing in the engaged position, and the respective drive wheel is driven by the shaft and thus rotated relative to the vehicle body, thereby propelling the vehicle.In the engaged position of the parking lock, the shaft is secured against rotation about its axis of rotation relative to the housing by means of the parking lock, in particular by a positive locking mechanism. Thus, in the engaged position, the shaft is connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the parking lock, or at least its rotation about its axis of rotation relative to the housing is severely restricted by the parking lock, in particular such that the shaft can rotate a maximum of 90 degrees, in particular a maximum of 20 degrees, and most especially a maximum of 10 degrees, about its axis of rotation relative to the housing. This also secures the respective drive wheel against excessive rotation relative to the vehicle body, preventing it from rotating completely relative to the body and thus preventing, for example, the vehicle from rolling away unintentionally.This is particularly advantageous if the vehicle is parked or left on a slope.

[0012] For this purpose, the parking lock, for example, has a parking lock wheel that is rotationally fixed to the shaft and, for example, mounted on the shaft. This wheel may have teeth with several successive teeth arranged circumferentially around the parking lock wheel, with gaps between them. The parking lock also includes, for example, a pawl, which is pivotably mounted on the housing. The parking lock can be pivoted relative to the housing between a locked and a released position. In the locked position, the pawl engages in one of the gaps, thus positively interlocking with the parking lock wheel. This secures the shaft against rotation around its axis of rotation relative to the housing, or at least limits rotation of the shaft around its axis of rotation relative to the housing.In the released position, the pawl is disengaged from the parking pawl wheel. In other words, the pawl does not interact with the parking pawl wheel in the released position, allowing the shaft to rotate freely around its axis of rotation relative to the housing. Thus, for example, the locked position results in the engaged state, while the released position results in the disengaged state of the parking pawl.

[0013] The parking lock has a parking lock actuator, also referred to as an actuator or parking lock actuator, which is simply called the actuator. The parking lock actuator has an actuating element that is displaceable relative to the housing, in particular along an axis of movement in an actuation direction. Specifically, the axis of movement is straight, i.e., along a straight line. The actuation direction is, for example, a first direction of movement and is also referred to as the first actuation direction. When the actuation direction is mentioned before and after, it refers, unless otherwise specified, to the first actuation direction.In particular, the actuating element, especially along its axis of movement, is displaceable back and forth relative to the housing, and thus translationally movable back and forth, so that the actuating element, especially along its axis of movement, is displaceable relative to the housing in the first actuation direction and in a second actuation direction opposite to the first. The second actuation direction is also referred to as the second actuation direction. For example, the first actuation direction is an insertion direction. For example, the second actuation direction is a release direction. By moving the actuating element in the actuation direction and relative to the housing, the parking lock can be adjusted from one of the states to the other.In particular, the parking lock is adjustable, i.e., switchable, by shifting the actuating element from one state to another in the direction of actuation and relative to the housing. Preferably, one state is the disengaged state, and the other state is preferably the engaged state. For example, shifting the actuating element in the second direction of actuation and relative to the housing causes the parking lock to be moved from or out of the other state to the first state. In particular, shifting the actuating element in the second direction of actuation and relative to the housing allows the parking lock to be switched from or out of the other state to the first state, i.e., adjustable. It is particularly conceivable that the direction of actuation runs parallel to or coincides with the axis of movement.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the second direction of actuation runs parallel to the axis of movement or coincides with the axis of movement.

[0014] It is conceivable that the parking lock has a moving element which, for example, is conical or frustoconical on its outer circumference and is movable translationally relative to the housing along the axis of movement, in particular movable back and forth. The release position and the locked position of the pawl are collectively referred to as pawl positions. In order to move the pawl from one pawl position to the other, in particular to pivot it, and thereby, for example, to change the parking lock from one state to the other (since, for example, one pawl position causes one state and the other pawl position causes the other state), the moving element is, or is, displaceable in a first direction of movement relative to the housing.For example, one pawl position is the release position, so the other pawl position is the locking position. For example, the first direction of movement corresponds to the first direction of actuation. To move the locking pawl from the other pawl position to the first pawl position, i.e., to pivot it and thereby switch or adjust the parking lock from the other state to the first state, the moving element is or becomes movable or shifted in a second direction of movement opposite to the first direction of movement relative to the housing.Thus, for example, the moving element is displaceable along a straight line, i.e., along a straight element axis, relative to the housing, meaning it can be moved back and forth. The first direction of movement coincides with or runs parallel to the element axis, and the second direction of movement coincides with or runs parallel to the element axis. For example, the second direction of movement corresponds to the second actuation direction. For example, by moving the actuating element in the first actuation direction and relative to the housing, a movement of the moving element can be effected in the first direction of movement and relative to the housing.This allows movement, in particular pivoting, of the locking pawl from one pawl position to the other. Specifically, this allows the locking pawl to be moved, and in particular pivoted, from one pawl position to the other. For example, by moving the actuating element in the second direction of movement relative to the housing, a movement of the moving element in the second direction of movement relative to the housing can be effected or permitted. This movement, in particular pivoting, of the locking pawl from the other pawl position to the first pawl position can be effected, effected, permitted, or allowed. This allows the parking lock to be switched, i.e., adjusted, between the states as required.

[0015] The parking lock also has a locking device, provided in particular in addition to the parking lock actuator, which is designed to fix the actuating element in such a way, in particular positive locking, that a displacement of the actuating element in the actuating direction and preferably also in the second actuating direction, in particular positive locking, is prevented.

[0016] To achieve a particularly advantageous operation of the drive device, the invention provides that the locking device has a hydraulic, i.e., hydraulically actuated or hydraulically operated, holding device which includes an actuation chamber. Preferably, the actuation chamber is located outside the cooling and / or lubrication chamber, and the cooling and / or lubrication chamber is preferably arranged outside the actuation chamber. The actuation chamber is fluidly connected without interruption to the cooling and / or lubrication chamber, which is designed, for example, as a wheelset chamber.This means that an uninterrupted and therefore continuous fluidic connection is provided between the chamber (cooling and / or lubrication chamber) and the actuating chamber, wherein this fluidic connection is completely and preferably permanently uninterrupted and continuous from the chamber to the actuating chamber and vice versa. The feature that the fluidic connection between the chamber and the actuating chamber is permanently uninterrupted and therefore permanently continuous means that the fluidic connection between the actuating chamber and the chamber (cooling and / or lubrication chamber) is completely, that is, along its entire length from the chamber to the actuating chamber and vice versa, free of a valve element that can be switched between a closed state, i.e., blocking the fluidic connection, and an open state, releasing the fluidic connection.The space is also referred to as the first space. When the space is mentioned before and after, it refers to the first space, namely the cooling and / or lubrication space. The operating space is also referred to as the second space. Since the fluidic connection between the spaces is, in particular, permanent, uninterrupted, and thus continuous, the spaces are preferably permanently fluidically connected to each other via this fluidic connection.

[0017] Furthermore, according to the invention, a supply line common to both rooms is provided, which is designed to supply both rooms with a hydraulic fluid. In particular, the hydraulic fluid is the aforementioned fluid. The fluidic connection between the rooms is formed, for example, by a connecting line which extends, in particular continuously and without interruption, from one of the rooms to the other room and vice versa, wherein preferably the connecting line is completely, i.e., along its entire length, from one room to the other room and vice versa, free of a valve element which is switchable between a closed state that interrupts, i.e., blocks, the hydraulic connection and an open state that releases, i.e., establishes, the hydraulic connection.For example, the supply line is a separate line from the connecting line and therefore not part of the connecting line. It is conceivable that the supply line runs diagonally or perpendicularly to the connecting line. For instance, the supply line, through which the hydraulic fluid flows, is fluidically connected to the connecting line at a connection point, particularly permanently. At the connection point, the hydraulic fluid can, for example, be discharged from the supply line and introduced into the connecting line. In other words, at the connection point, the total flow of hydraulic fluid through the supply line can be discharged from the supply line and introduced into the connecting line.From the connection point, for example, a first part of the connecting line extends, in particular continuously and thus without interruption, to the actuating chamber, thereby supplying the actuating chamber with hydraulic fluid. From the connection point, for example, a second part of the connecting line extends, in particular continuously and thus completely, to the first chamber, thereby supplying the first chamber with hydraulic fluid. Thus, for example, the parts of the connecting line branch off from the connection point, that is, from the supply line at the connection point. Thus, for example, the total fluid flow at the connection point is divided into a first partial flow and a second partial flow, with the sum of these partial flows yielding the total flow.The first partial flow is to be directed or guided from the connection point to and into the actuating chamber via the first part of the connecting line, thereby supplying the actuating chamber with the first partial flow and thus with the hydraulic fluid. The second partial flow is to be directed or guided, for example, from the connection point to and into the first chamber via the second part of the connecting line, thereby supplying the first chamber with the second partial flow and thus with the hydraulic fluid. It is preferably provided that both the first part of the connecting line and the second part of the connecting line, as well as the connecting line as a whole, are completely free of the valve element described above, so that the chambers are fluidly connected to each other without interruption and thus continuously and, in particular, permanently via the parts that together, for example, constitute the entire connecting line.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the supply line is continuously and thus fluidly connected to the connecting line without interruption, and preferably permanently, so that preferably, in particular, the supply line is free of a valve element which can be switched between a closed state that fluidly blocks the supply line and an open state that releases the supply line.

[0018] In the invention, the hydraulic holding device, which is part of the locking device, can be particularly advantageously supplied with the hydraulic fluid, whereby the hydraulic holding device, and thus the locking device, can particularly advantageously fix the actuating element and thus secure it against displacement in the actuating direction.Due to the fluidic connection between the chambers, and because each chamber can be supplied with hydraulic fluid via the supply line, the hydraulic holding device, for example, is supplied with the advantageously high-pressure hydraulic fluid whenever the drive unit is in operation and thus, for example, propelling the vehicle. This ensures that, preferably whenever the drive unit is in operation and, in particular, propelling the vehicle, the hydraulic holding device, and thus the locking device, secures the actuating element against displacement in the direction of actuation, effectively fixing it in place. This prevents unwanted adjustment of the parking lock while the vehicle is in motion.In particular, this advantageously and simply prevents the parking lock from being unintentionally moved from the extended to the engaged position. However, if the drive device is deactivated and / or the drive device is not propelling the vehicle, the hydraulic holding device is either not supplied with hydraulic fluid, or it is supplied with hydraulic fluid at an advantageously low pressure, so that the parking lock can then be adjusted and, in particular, engaged as required. The invention thus ensures that the extended parking lock is not unintentionally engaged while the vehicle is in motion and, in particular, that engaging the initially extended parking lock is easily possible when the vehicle is stationary.This prevents the parking lock from being engaged unintentionally, especially when the vehicle is driven along a poor road surface and experiences strong vibrations.

[0019] To achieve particularly advantageous operation, one embodiment of the invention provides that the locking device has an engagement element connected to the housing, in particular movablely, which is movable relative to the housing between a locking position for securing the actuating element, in particular positive locking, and an unlocking position for releasing the actuating element. The hydraulic holding device is designed to move the engagement element into the locking position and / or to hold it in the locking position. This prevents, for example, unwanted movements of the engagement element from the locking position to the unlocking position, thus advantageously preventing unwanted adjustment, in particular engagement, of the parking lock, especially when the vehicle is subject to strong vibrations.

[0020] To advantageously prevent unwanted adjustment of the parking lock on the one hand, and to easily allow desired adjustment of the parking lock on the other, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the hydraulic holding device has a holding piston that is operatively connected to and thus coupled with the engagement element, wherein, for example, the actuation chamber is partially and, in particular, directly limited by the holding piston. The holding piston can be acted upon, at least indirectly, and in particular directly, by introducing hydraulic fluid into the actuation chamber, and is thereby movable, in particular relative to the housing, such that the engagement element can be moved into the locking position by means of the holding piston, and in particular, that the engagement element can be moved into the locking position by means of the holding piston.

[0021] Another embodiment is characterized in that the locking device has a locking spring, in particular designed as a solid body and thus mechanical, which is supported on the one hand at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the housing and on the other hand at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the engagement element, so that the locking spring provides a spring force, at least in the unlocked position of the engagement element, by means of which the engagement element can be moved into the locked position. This allows for redundant movement or mobility of the engagement element from the unlocked position to the locked position, since the engagement element can be moved into the locked position both by means of the hydraulic holding device and by means of the locking spring, in particular from the unlocked position.This allows for particularly safe operation, especially in that unwanted adjustments, particularly unwanted engagement of the parking lock, can be avoided.

[0022] To achieve particularly advantageous operation, a further embodiment of the invention provides a lifting magnet which is operatively connected to the engagement element, and thus coupled to the engagement element, in such a way that the engagement element can be moved from the locked position to the unlocked position by means of the lifting magnet. This allows the actuating element to be released for displacement in the actuation direction as required, so that the parking lock can be adjusted as needed and particularly advantageous operation is ensured.

[0023] In achieving particularly advantageous operation, it has proven especially beneficial if the drive device includes a hydraulic unlocking device, particularly in addition to the hydraulic holding device, which is operatively connected to the engagement element in such a way that the engagement element can be moved from the locked position to the unlocked position by means of the hydraulic unlocking device. This allows the engagement element to be moved as required, so that the actuating element can be released as needed for displacement in the actuating direction.

[0024] In particular, when both the lifting magnet and the hydraulic unlocking device are provided, redundant movement of the engagement element into the unlocking position is achievable, thus enabling particularly advantageous operation.

[0025] To achieve particularly advantageous operation in a space-saving manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the engagement element is rotatably mounted on the housing between the locking and unlocking positions via a bolt. The engagement element has a first lever arm extending beyond the axis of rotation and a second lever arm extending on this side of the axis of rotation. This means that the lever arms extend away from each other from the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the hydraulic unlocking device and the hydraulic holding device are operatively connected to the engagement element on the first lever arm, and thus act on the first lever arm, while the lifting magnet is operatively connected to the engagement element on the second lever arm, and thus acts on the second lever arm.It is conceivable that the locking spring is supported on the first lever arm.

[0026] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous for achieving optimal operation if the actuating element is designed as a parking lock piston. This design includes an actuating spring, preferably a solid and thus a mechanical spring, by means of which the parking lock piston can be displaced relative to the housing in the actuating direction and thereby into a park position. This allows the parking lock to be adjustable, i.e., switchable, from the extended state to the engaged state. A hydraulic cylinder is also provided, by means of which the parking lock piston can be displaced relative to the housing in the second actuating direction, also referred to as the extension direction and opposite to the actuating direction, and thereby into a non-park position. This allows the parking lock to be adjusted from the engaged state to the extended state.This allows for an advantageous and needs-based adjustment of the parking lock, resulting in a particularly advantageous operation.

[0027] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, and preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, which has a drive device according to the first aspect of the invention and can be driven, for example, by the drive device. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

[0028] In summary, the invention makes it advantageous to engage the parking lock when the vehicle is stationary, particularly when completely or almost stationary, so that the hydraulic fluid automatically has a beneficially low pressure and thus does not, or hardly, resist any movement of the engagement element from the locked to the unlocked position. However, when the vehicle is moving, the hydraulic fluid automatically has a pressure high enough to resist any movement of the engagement element from the locked to the unlocked position, thereby automatically preventing any unwanted movement of the engagement element from the locked to the unlocked position.

[0029] It is conceivable that the parking lock actuator is arranged within the housing, particularly within that space. Furthermore, it is conceivable that an electric machine is arranged within the housing, particularly within that space. For example, the electric machine could be the aforementioned drive machine. It is also conceivable that the electric machine is provided in addition to the drive machine, with, for example, the respective drive wheel being driven by means of the electric machine.

[0030] In other words, the drive device includes, for example, the electric machine, which can be the primary drive motor or which can be provided in addition to the primary drive motor, whereby, for example, the drive wheel can be driven by means of the electric machine. Thus, the motor vehicle can be designed as a hybrid vehicle.

[0031] The cooling and / or lubrication chamber is, for example, a cooling and / or lubrication chamber of the electric machine, in particular such that the chamber is at least partially arranged within a laminated core of the electric machine. The chamber is, for example, at least partially, and in particular directly, bounded by the laminated core of the electric machine.

[0032] The parking lock actuator can be, for example, a hydraulic actuator, an electromechanical actuator, or an electromagnetic actuator. The actuating element is, for example, a mechanical and / or mechanically acting element such as a rod, a lever, or a piston. The actuating element is, for example, a rod that acts or can act upon a locking element. In particular, the locking element can be the aforementioned moving element.

[0033] It is conceivable that the actuating element has a recess. In particular, the actuating element can be fixed by means of the engagement element by means of an engagement of the engagement element in the recess of the actuating element and thereby secured against displacement in the direction of actuation. More specifically, the feature that the actuating chamber is continuously connected to the first chamber, especially fluidically, is to be understood as meaning that no valve element is arranged between the continuously connected chambers that can be switched between a state that temporarily interrupts the fluidic connection between the chambers and a state that temporarily releases or throttles and releases the fluidic connection between the chambers. It is conceivable that the continuous and thus permanent fluidic connection between the chambers has a permanently acting throttling element.

[0034] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as those mentioned below in the figure description and / or in individual figures, are described in detail below. Fig. The features and combinations of features shown in Figure 1 can be used not only in the combinations shown, but also in other combinations or on their own, without leaving the scope of the invention.

[0035] The drawing shows in the only Fig. 1 A schematic representation of a drive device of a motor vehicle.

[0036] The only Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a drive device 10 of a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, which can be driven, for example, by means of the drive device 10. The drive device 10 has a housing 12 and a cooling and / or lubrication chamber 14 arranged in the housing 12, which is also referred to as the first chamber. In the case of the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the first space is a wheelset space, since at least one wheelset 16 is arranged in the first space. The wheelset 16 has a first gear 18 and a second gear 20, wherein the first gear 18 is rotatable about a first gear axis of rotation relative to the housing 12, and wherein the second gear 20 is rotatable about a second gear axis of rotation relative to the housing 12. The gear axes of rotation are parallel to each other and spaced apart. This can be seen from Fig. The first point is that the gears 18 and 20 mesh together, that is, mesh with each other. The drive device 10 can, for example, be a Fig. 1 drive machine (not shown) by means of which, for example, a drive is transmitted via the wheelset 16 and thus via the gears 18 and 20 in Fig. 1. The shaft of the drive device 10 (not shown) can be driven and is therefore rotatable about a shaft axis relative to the housing 12. By driving the shaft, that is, by rotating the shaft about the shaft axis and relative to the housing 12, at least or exactly two vehicle wheels of the motor vehicle, and thus the motor vehicle itself, can be driven.

[0037] The drive device 10 also has a parking lock 22, which is adjustable, i.e. switchable, between an engaged state and an extended state.

[0038] The shaft is connected, for example, in a torque-transmitting manner, and in particular in a rotationally fixed manner, to a parking lock wheel 24 of the parking lock 22. The parking lock wheel 24 has a toothing 26 with teeth 28 and tooth gaps 30 arranged between them. The parking lock wheel 24 is rotatable about a wheel axis of rotation relative to the housing 12. In particular, the wheel axis of rotation coincides with the shaft axis of rotation.

[0039] The parking lock 22 further comprises a pawl 32, also referred to as a parking lock pawl, which is pivotable about a pivot axis S relative to the housing 12. Specifically, the pawl 32 is pivotable about the pivot axis S relative to the housing 12 between a locked position and a released position. In the locked position, the parking lock 22 is engaged. In other words, the parking lock 22 is in the engaged state. In the released position, the parking lock 22 is disengaged. In other words, the parking lock 22 is in the disengaged state. In the locked position, the pawl 32 engages in one of the tooth gaps 30, so that in the locked position the pawl 32 positively engages with the parking lock wheel 24.This ensures that the parking lock wheel 24, and consequently the shaft, is rotationally fixed to the housing 12, thus preventing or at least limiting any rotation of the parking lock wheel 24, the shaft, and the vehicle wheels driven by the shaft relative to the housing 12. This allows, for example, the vehicle to be secured against unwanted rolling away. In the released position, the parking lock 22 ceases to engage with the parking lock wheel 24, allowing the parking lock wheel 24, and therefore the shaft and the vehicle wheels, to rotate freely relative to the housing 12, in particular without limitation. Thus, the vehicle can roll.

[0040] The parking lock 22 has a parking lock actuator 34, which has an actuating element 36. The actuating element 36 is movable back and forth along a straight line, i.e., along a straight axis of movement 38, relative to the housing 12, and thus translationally movable back and forth, so that the actuating element 36 is movable relative to the housing 12 along the axis of movement 38 in a first actuating direction, illustrated by an arrow 40, and in a second actuating direction, illustrated by an arrow 42, opposite to the first actuating direction. The respective actuating direction runs parallel to the axis of movement 38 or coincides with the axis of movement 38.By moving the actuating element 36 relative to the housing 12 and in the first direction of actuation, the pawl 32 can be pivoted from the released position to the locked position about the pivot axis S relative to the housing 12, thereby allowing the parking lock 22 to be engaged, and thus adjustable from the extended state to the engaged state. By moving the actuating element 36 relative to the housing 12 and in the second direction of actuation, the parking lock 22 can be pivoted about the pivot axis S relative to the housing 12 from the locked position to the released position, thereby allowing the parking lock 22 to be adjusted from the engaged state to the extended state. For example, the pawl 32 is a Fig. 1. A pawl spring (not shown) is assigned to the pawl, which is preferably designed as a solid and thus as a mechanical spring. The pawl spring is, for example, tensioned at least in the locked position of the parking lock 22, so that the pawl spring provides a spring force, at least in the locked position, which acts at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the pawl 32. By means of the actuating element 36, the pawl 32 can be held in the locked position against the spring force of the pawl spring. If the actuating element 36 is moved in the second actuation direction relative to the housing 12, this allows the pawl spring to at least partially relax, so that the pawl 32 can then be pivoted from the locked position to the released position about the pivot axis S relative to the housing 12 by means of the spring force of the pawl spring.The locking position of the pawl 32 and the release position of the pawl 32 are collectively referred to as pawl positions.

[0041] The parking lock 22 also has a locking device 44, which is designed to fix the actuating element 36, in particular in a positive-locking manner, such that displacement of the actuating element 36 in the first actuating direction and preferably also in the second actuating direction is prevented. For example, the actuating element 36 is positioned along the axis of movement 38 relative to the housing 12 between a first element position and a position in Fig. The second element position shown in 1 is displaceable, in particular displaceable back and forth. By displacing the actuating element 36 in the first actuation direction and relative to the housing 12 and along the axis of movement 38, the actuating element 36 can be moved from the first element position to the position shown in 1. Fig. The second element position shown in Figure 1 can be moved. By moving the actuating element 36 relative to the housing 12 and in the second actuation direction, as well as along the axis of movement 38, the actuating element 36 can be moved from the second element position to the first element position. Thus, by moving the actuating element 36 from the first element position to the second element position, the pawl 32 can be pivoted from the release position to the locked position about the pivot axis S relative to the housing 12. By moving the actuating element 36 from the second element position to the first element position, a pivoting of the pawl 32 about the pivot axis S and relative to the housing 12 from the locked position to the release position can be effected or permitted, as described above.In particular, the actuating element 36 can be fixed, at least in the first element position, relative to the housing 12, in a positive-locking manner, by means of the locking device 44, and thus secured, in particular positively, against movement from the first element position to the second element position. In the case of the... Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, it is also provided that the actuating element 36 can be fixed in the second element position relative to the housing 12, in particular in a positive locking manner, by means of the locking device 44 and thus secured against displacement from the second element position to the first element position.

[0042] The locking device 44 is switchable between a locked state and a release state. If the locking device 44 is in its locked state while the actuating element 36 is in the first element position, the actuating element 36 is fixed relative to the housing 12 by means of the locking device 44, in particular by positive locking, and thus secured against displacement from the first element position to the second element position. If the locking device 44 is in the locked state while the actuating element 36 is in the Fig. When the actuating element 36 is in the second element position shown in 1, it is fixed relative to the housing 12 by means of the locking device 44, in particular by positive locking, and is thus secured against displacement from the second element position to the first element position.

[0043] To enable particularly advantageous operation of the drive device 10, the locking device 44 has a hydraulic holding device 46 which includes an actuation chamber 48. While the cooling and / or lubrication chamber 14 is referred to as the first chamber, the actuation chamber 48 is referred to as the second chamber. It can be seen that the chambers are fluidically connected to each other without interruption. In other words, a permanently uninterrupted, i.e., permanently enabled, fluidic connection is created between the chambers, with this permanent fluidic connection being formed by a connecting line V1.The connecting line V1 extends continuously and without interruption from one room to the other and vice versa, and is completely free of any valve element along its entire length. Such a valve element would be switchable between a closed state (fluidically blocking the connecting line V1) and an open state (releasing the connecting line V1). This means that the entire fluidic connection between the rooms is completely free of any valve element along its entire length (from one room to the other and vice versa).

[0044] Furthermore, a supply line V2 is provided for both rooms, through which a hydraulic fluid, also referred to simply as fluid, can flow. Thus, both the first and second rooms can be supplied by means of the fluid flowing through supply line V2. It is evident that supply line V2 is fluidically connected to connecting line V1 at a connection point VS1, specifically in such a way that supply line V2 is permanently and continuously fluidically connected to connecting line V1.

[0045] The drive device 10 exhibits in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a third chamber 50 is provided, which is provided in addition to the first chamber. It can be seen that the second chamber is arranged outside the first chamber and the first chamber is arranged outside the second chamber. The third chamber 50 is arranged outside the first chamber, and the first chamber is arranged outside the third chamber 50. The second chamber is arranged outside the third chamber 50, and the third chamber 50 is arranged outside the second chamber. It would be conceivable that the chamber 50 is provided instead of the first chamber. The drive device 10 also has a second housing 52, which is provided in addition to the housing 12. The housing 52 is arranged outside the housing 12, which is arranged outside the housing 52. It would be conceivable that the housing 52 is provided instead of the housing 12.It is evident that the first chamber is also continuously and, in particular, permanently fluidically connected to the third chamber 50. Therefore, the preceding and following statements regarding the housing 12 and the first chamber can readily be applied to the housing 52 and the third chamber 50, and vice versa. Chamber 50 is, for example, a cooling chamber in which a component of the drive device 10 is arranged, wherein the component can be supplied with hydraulic fluid and thus cooled, for example, by means of the hydraulic fluid.

[0046] Particularly schematically illustrated in Fig. 1 is a lubricant supply system 54 by means of which the supply line V2 can be supplied with hydraulic fluid. For this purpose, the lubricant supply system 54 includes, for example, a pump by means of which the hydraulic fluid can be conveyed, in particular such that the hydraulic fluid can be conveyed by means of the pump into and through the supply line V2. For example, the hydraulic fluid can be conveyed by means of the pump through the connecting line V1 and thus into the first chamber, the second chamber, and, in this case, also into the third chamber 50. For example, a return line 56 can be provided by means of which, for example, the hydraulic fluid can be discharged from the first chamber and, in particular, fed back into the lubricant supply system 54.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the lubricant supply system 54 may have at least one or more valves and / or one or more throttles and / or other components.

[0047] The locking device 44 has an engagement element 58 which is rotatable about an axis of rotation D relative to the housing 12. In particular, the engagement element 58 is rotatably held on the housing 12 about the axis of rotation D relative to the housing 12, and in particular is mounted on it. The engagement element 58 is connected about the axis of rotation D relative to the housing 12 between at least one Fig. The locking element 58 is pivotable, i.e., rotatable, between the locking position shown and at least one unlocking position not shown. The locking position causes the locking device 44 to be locked, and the unlocking position causes the locking device 44 to be unlocked. It can be seen that the engagement element 58 is rotatably mounted on the housing 12 between the locking position and the unlocking position relative to the housing 12 about the axis of rotation D via a bolt 59.

[0048] The actuating element 36 has two recesses 66 and 67, which are arranged successively along the axis of movement 38 and, in particular, spaced apart from each other. If the actuating element 36 is in the first element position, while the engagement element 58 is in the locking position and thus the locking device 44 is in the locked state, the engagement element 58 engages in the recess 66, whereby the engagement element 58 and thus the locking device 44 interact positively with the actuating element 36 and thus positively fix the actuating element 36 relative to the housing 12, thereby positively securing it against displacement from the first element position to the second element position relative to the housing 12. If the actuating element 36 is in the Fig. In the second element position shown in Figure 1, while the engagement element 58 is in the locking position and thus the locking device 44 is in the locked state, the engagement element 58 engages in the recess 67, whereby the engagement element 58 and thus the locking device 44 interact positively with the actuating element 36 and thereby fix the actuating element 36 positively relative to the housing 12, thus securing it against displacement from the second element position to the first element position.

[0049] In the unlocked position, there is no interaction between the engagement element 58 and the actuating element 36, and thus between the locking device 44 and the actuating element 36, which secures the actuating element 36 against an interaction along the axis of movement 38 and relative to the housing 12, so that the actuating element 36 can then be moved from the first element position to the second element position or from the second element position to the first element position relative to the housing 12 along the axis of movement 38.

[0050] The locking position is thus designed to fix the actuating element 36, and the unlocking position is designed to release the actuating element 36. The hydraulic holding device 46 is designed to move the engagement element 58 from the unlocking position into the locking device 44 and / or to hold it in the locking position and thus secure it against movement from the locking device 44 into the unlocking position.

[0051] The hydraulic holding device 46 has a holding piston 60 which partially and directly limits the actuation chamber 48. In the case of the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the holding device 46 has a piston housing 62 which includes a working chamber 64. The holding piston 60 divides the working chamber 64 into the actuating chamber 48 and an opposing, further chamber 65. It can be seen that the hydraulic fluid can be introduced into the actuating chamber 48 via the connecting line V1, i.e., via the first part of the connecting line V1, into which the hydraulic fluid from the supply line V2 can be introduced, thereby allowing the holding piston 60 to be actuated, in particular directly, by the hydraulic fluid introduced into the actuating chamber 48. By introducing the hydraulic fluid into the actuating chamber 48, the holding piston 60 is movable relative to the piston housing 62 such that the engagement element 58 can be moved, i.e., pivoted, into the locking position by means of the holding piston 60.Furthermore, the engagement element 58 can be held in the locked position by means of the retaining piston 60 and the hydraulic fluid, particularly while the vehicle is in motion. This is because, during vehicle travel, the hydraulic fluid has an advantageously high pressure, which, via the retaining piston 60, counteracts any movement of the engagement element 58 from the locked to the unlocked position. When the vehicle is stationary, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid decreases compared to when the vehicle is in motion. Consequently, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid via the retaining piston 60 then offers little or no resistance to movement of the engagement element 58 from the locked to the unlocked position, and thus the engagement element 58 can be moved easily and as required from the locked to the unlocked position.

[0052] The locking device 44 has a locking spring 68 designed as a solid body and thus mechanical, which is supported on the one hand at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the housing 12 and on the other hand at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the engagement element 58. The locking spring 68 thereby provides a spring force, at least in the locked position, by means of which the engagement element 58 can be moved, i.e. pivoted, from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0053] The drive device 10 exhibits in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a lifting magnet 70 is also provided, which is operatively connected to the engagement element 58 in such a way that the engagement element 58 can be moved, i.e. pivoted, from the locking position to the unlocking position by means of the lifting magnet 70.

[0054] In addition to the lifting magnet 70, a hydraulic unlocking device 72 is provided, which is operatively connected to the engagement element 58 in such a way that the engagement element 58 can be moved from the locking position to the unlocking position by means of the hydraulic unlocking device 72.

[0055] It can be seen that the engagement element 58 has a first lever arm H1 extending beyond the axis of rotation D and a second lever arm H2 extending on this side of the axis of rotation D. The hydraulic unlocking device 72 and the hydraulic holding device 46 are operatively connected to the engagement element 58 via the first lever arm H1, and the lifting magnet 70 is operatively connected to the engagement element 58 via the second lever arm H2. Furthermore, the locking spring 68, for example, is supported at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the first lever arm H1.

[0056] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the drive device 10, in particular the parking lock 22, has a hydraulic actuating device 74, which in this case is designed as a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit. The hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is also referred to as a hydraulic cylinder and has a piston 76 and an actuating housing 78, which is also referred to as a cylinder or is itself a cylinder. It can be seen that the holding piston 60 is arranged in the piston housing 62. The piston 76 is arranged in the actuating housing 78 and divides a working chamber 80 of the actuating housing 78 into two working chambers 82 and 84, also referred to as working spaces, which are opposite each other along the axis of movement 38. The piston 76 is arranged along the axis of movement 38 between the working chambers 82 and 84.The piston 76 is translationally movable relative to the actuating housing 78 along the axis of movement 38, in particular translationally movable back and forth. The piston 76 can be displaced relative to the actuating housing 78 in the first actuation direction and the second actuation direction. The actuating element 36 is connected to the piston 76, in particular immovably and thus fixedly, and is therefore displaceable with the piston 76 relative to the actuating housing 78 and relative to the housing 12 in the first actuation direction and the second actuation direction. Thus, the piston 76 and the actuating element 36 can be displaced together, that is, simultaneously, relative to the actuating housing 78 and relative to the housing 12 in the first actuation direction and the second actuation direction, and thus moved back and forth.For example, the actuating element 36 is a piston rod that is immovably and thus rigidly connected to the piston 76. The piston rod protrudes from the actuating housing 78 and is designed, for example, to exert a force acting in the first actuating direction and / or the second actuating direction, for example, on a gear element and / or on the pawl 32.

[0057] It is conceivable that the hydraulic fluid can be introduced into the working chamber 84, thereby making the piston 76 pressurized with the hydraulic fluid and thus movable with the actuating element 36 along the axis of movement 38 relative to the actuating housing 78 and relative to the housing 12 in the second actuation direction. The pivot axis D can, for example, engage the parking lock 22 or cause the parking lock 22 to be disengaged. Alternatively or additionally, the hydraulic fluid can, for example, be introduced into the working chamber 82, thereby making the piston 76 pressurized with the fluid and thus movable with the actuating element 36 in the first actuation direction along the axis of movement 38 relative to the actuating housing 78 and relative to the housing 12. This can, for example, engage the parking lock 22 or cause the parking lock 22 to be engaged.

[0058] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a spring element 86 is associated with the actuating element 36. In this case, the spring element 86 is designed as a solid body and thus as a mechanical spring. The spring element 86 is supported along the axis of movement 38, on the one hand at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the housing 12 and / or on the actuating housing 78, and on the other hand at least indirectly, and in particular directly, on the actuating element 36. The spring element 86 is, in the case of the Fig.In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the spring element 86 is designed as a tension spring and is guided by the actuating element 36 being displaced along the axis of movement 38 and in the first actuation direction. This displacement increases the length of the actuating element 36 along the axis of movement 38 and thus tensions it, so that the spring element 86 provides a spring force acting on the actuating element 36, at least in the second position of the actuating element 36, at least indirectly, and in particular directly. By means of the spring force of the spring element 86, the actuating element 36 can be displaced along the axis of movement 38 in the second actuation direction, thereby enabling the parking lock 22 to be disengaged or disengaged. This allows for a particularly advantageous and demand-based adjustment or switching of the parking lock 22.Furthermore, particularly safe operation of the parking lock 22 and thus of the drive device 10 can be ensured, as unwanted movements of the actuating element 36 and thus unwanted adjustments of the parking lock 22 can be prevented. In particular, unintentional engagement of the deployed parking lock 22 can be avoided, especially while the vehicle is in motion. Reference symbol list 10 Drive device 12 cases 14 Cooling and / or lubrication room 16 wheelset 18 gear 20 gear 22 Parking restrictions 24 Parking lock wheel 26 gear teeth 28 teeth 30 tooth gaps 32 Locking pawl 34 Parking lock actuator 36 Actuating element 38 axis of movement 40 Arrow 42 Arrow 44 Locking device 46 hydraulic holding device 48 Activity area 50 third room 52 cases 54 Lubricant supply system 56 Return line 58 Intervention element 59 bolts 60 retaining pistons 62 Piston housings 64 workroom 65 additional rooms 66 Exclusion 67 Exclusion 68 Locking spring 70 Lifting magnet 72 hydraulic unlocking device 74 hydraulic actuating device 76 pistons 78 Activity area 80 workspace 82 Chamber of Labour 84 Chamber of Labour D axis of rotation H1 Lever arm H2 Lever arm S swivel axis V1 connection line V2 supply line VS1 liaison point

Claims

[1] Drive device (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (12, 52), a cooling and / or lubrication chamber (14, 50) arranged in the housing (12, 52), and a parking lock (22) adjustable between an engaged state and a disengaged state, comprising: - a parking lock actuator (34) which has an actuating element (36) that is displaceable relative to the housing (12, 52) in an actuating direction, thereby enabling the parking lock (22) to be moved from one state to the other; and - a locking device (44) which is designed to fix the actuating element (36) in such a way that displacement of the actuating element (36) in the actuating direction is prevented; characterized by , that: - the locking device (44) has a hydraulic holding device (46) with an actuation chamber (48) which is continuously connected to the cooling and / or lubrication chamber (14, 50); and - a supply line (V2) is provided which is designed to supply both the actuation chamber (48) and the cooling and / or lubrication chamber (14, 50) with a hydraulic fluid. [2] Drive device (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that: - the locking device (44) has an engagement element (58) connected to the housing (12, 52), which is movable relative to the housing (12, 52) between a locking position for fixing the actuating element (36) and an unlocking position for releasing the actuating element (36); and - the hydraulic holding device (46) is designed to move the engagement element (58) into the locking position and / or to hold it in the locking position. [3] Drive device (10) according to claim 2, characterized by , that the hydraulic holding device (46) has a holding piston (60) which is in operative connection with the engagement element (58) and which can be acted upon by introducing the hydraulic fluid into the actuating chamber (48) and thereby moved in such a way that a movement of the engagement element (58) into the locking position can be effected by means of the holding piston (60). [4] Drive device (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, that the locking device (44) has a locking spring (68) which is supported at least indirectly on the housing (12, 52) on the one hand and at least indirectly on the engagement element (58) on the other hand, so that the locking spring (68) provides a spring force at least in the unlocking position by means of which the engagement element (58) can be moved from the unlocking position to the locking position. [5] Drive device (10) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by a lifting magnet (70) which is in operative connection with the engagement element (58) in such a way that the engagement element (58) can be moved from the locking position to the unlocking position by means of the lifting magnet (70). [6] Drive device (10) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized bya hydraulic unlocking device (72) which is operatively connected to the engagement element (58) in such a way that the engagement element (58) can be moved from the locking position to the unlocking position by means of the hydraulic unlocking device (72). [7] Drive device (10) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized by , that: - the engagement element (58) is rotatably mounted on the housing (12, 52) between the locking position and the unlocking position relative to the housing (12, 51) about an axis of rotation (D) via a bolt (59) and has a first lever arm (H1) extending beyond the axis of rotation (D) and a second lever arm (H2) extending on this side of the axis of rotation (D); - the hydraulic unlocking device (72) and the hydraulic holding device (46) on the first lever arm (H1) are operatively connected to the engagement element (58); and - the lifting magnet (70) is in operative connection with the engagement element (58) on the second lever arm (H2). [8] Drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that: - the actuating element (36) is designed as a parking lock piston; - an actuating spring (86) is provided by means of which the parking lock piston can be displaced relative to the housing (12, 52) in the actuating direction and thereby into a park position of the parking lock piston, whereby the parking lock (22) can be adjusted from the extended state to the engaged state; and - a hydraulic actuating device (74) is provided by means of which the parking lock piston can be moved relative to the housing (12, 52) in an extension direction opposite to the actuating direction and thereby into a non-parking position of the parking lock piston, whereby the parking lock (22) can be adjusted from the engaged state to the extended state. [9] Motor vehicle, with a drive device (10) according to any of the preceding claims.

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