Body of a motor vehicle and method for assembling it

Abstract

Body (10) of a motor vehicle, wherein the body (10) is composed of large modules, namely at least one main module (11) and one front module (12), wherein adjacent sections of the main module (11) and / or front module (12) are at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially encased in plastic, and wherein the main module (11) and the front module (12) are bonded together at the adjacent sections of the main module (11) and front module (12).

Description

The invention relates to a body of a motor vehicle and a method for mounting the same.It is known from practice that a body of a motor vehicle is composed of so-called large modules. The large modules of a body of a motor vehicle include at least one main module and a front module and preferably also a roof module. If necessary, the body can additionally have a rear module and side wall modules. Each large module can be composed of a plurality of submodules. Until now, a simple, highly accurate and process-safe connection of the main module and front module presents difficulties.DE 10 2015 016 954 A1 discloses a modular construction for the body of a motor vehicle, wherein individual modules, namely large modules, are connected to one another in the region of interfaces.DE 10 2011 116 747 A1 discloses a motor vehicle console made of a pressable material, wherein the pressable material is a metallic material or a molding compound. Alternatively, the motor vehicle console can consist of a hybrid material which comprises a massively formed metallic material which is at least partially sheathed by means of a molding compound.DE 10 2011 117 432 A1 discloses a structural component for a body structure. DE 10 2019 101 413 A1 discloses a body frame element.DE 43 30 559 C2 discloses a body of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.It is an object of the invention to provide a novel body of a motor vehicle and a method for mounting the same.This object is achieved by a body according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 4.According to the invention, sections of the main module and / or front module that adjoin one another are at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic. The main module and the front module are bonded to one another at the sections of the main module and front module which adjoin one another and of which at least one of the sections which adjoin one another is at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic.In the vehicle body according to the invention, the simple, highly accurate and process-safe connection of the main module and the front module is achieved in that at least one of the sections of the main module and front module respectively adjoining one another, preferably both of the sections of the main module and front module respectively adjoining one another, is either partially coated with a plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic, and in that furthermore the main module and front module are glued at least in such sections. By means of the at least partial coating or sheathing of mutually adjoining sections or regions of the modules to be connected to one another with plastic, it is possible to provide a highly precise adhesive interface or a highly precise joining gap between the main module and the front module, in the region of which the adhesive can be applied or applied in a targeted manner. By coating or sheathing with plastic, tolerances of the main module and / or front module in the region of the regions or sections to be connected to one another can be eliminated or compensated or compensated without the need for milling.By means of the at least partial coating or sheathing of the respective sections of main module and / or front module with plastic, a surface accuracy in the range of less than 100 μm can be provided. Such a surface is optimally suitable for subsequent adhesive bonding.Preferably, mutually adjoining sections of the main module and front module are connected in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner via at least one interface between the main module and front module, wherein the main module and / or front module are coated at least partially with plastic or are at least partially sheathed with plastic in the region of the respective interface and are preferably also glued to these sections in order to create a material-fitting connection of the main module and front module in the region of the interface between the main module and front module in addition to the form-fitting and force-fitting connection of the main module and front module. This allows the connection of the main module and front module to be further improved. The main module and front module are connected at least positively and non-positively via the at least one interface. The at least partial coating or sheathing of main module and / or front module with plastic on the sections of main module and front module that are opposite one another in the mounted state of the vehicle body, and the adhesion of main module and front module to these sections can take place outside the region of the respective interface and in the region of the respective interface.Preferably, the main module and front module are bonded via an epoxy resin adhesive at least in those regions in which sections coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic adjoin one another. Bonding with epoxy adhesive is particularly preferred.Preferably, the main module and the front module are at least partially composed of cast components, wherein the coating or sheathing with plastic takes place in the region of at least one of the cast components. The coating or sheathing of main module and front module in those regions in which main module and front module consist of cast components is particularly preferred, since cast components are typically subject to tolerances and, by the coating or sheathing thereof, a highly precise surface can be provided without the need for milling, which surface is particularly suitable for subsequent adhesive bonding of main module and front module in the region of the regions coated with plastic or sheathed with plastic.Preferred developments of the invention are evident from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, without being restricted thereto. The following shows: FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of large modules of a body of a motor vehicle, FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the large modules of the vehicle body together with add-on parts of the large modules, FIG. 3 shows a detail of one of the large modules.FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of large modules of a body 10 of a motor vehicle, wherein the body 10 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a main module 11, a front module 12 and a roof module 13. These large modules 11, 12 and 13 are typically composed of a plurality of submodules.FIG. 2 shows the large modules 11, 12 and 13 with add-on parts mounted thereon, wherein assemblies of a rear axle 14 and interior components such as seats 15 are installed in the region of the main module 11. On the front module 12, a front axle 16 and an instrument panel 17 as interior component are installed.During the assembly of a motor vehicle, the large modules 11, 12 and 13 are preferably connected to one another in the state shown in FIG. 2 while the body 10 is being assembled. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to connect the large modules 11, 12 and 13 of the body 10 to one another in the state shown in FIG. 1.In order to connect the main module 11 and the front module 12 of the motor vehicle body 10 to one another in an advantageous manner, it is proposed according to the invention that mutually adjoining sections of the main module 11 and / or front module 12 are at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic, wherein the main module 11 and the front module 12 are bonded to one another at the mutually adjoining sections of the main module 11 and front module 12, of which at least one of the mutually adjoining sections is at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic.Preferably, sections of main module 11 and front module 12 adjacent to one another are each at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic, wherein then the main module 11 and the front module 12 are bonded to one another at least in those regions in which the sections of main module 11 and front module 12 respectively coated at least partially with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic are adjacent to one another.By means of the at least partial coating or sheathing of main module 11 and / or front module 1 in those sections of main module 11 and front module 12 which adjoin one another in the assembled state and thus lie opposite one another, a highly precise surface with a geometrical accuracy of less than 100 μm can be provided. Main module 11 and front module 12 are glued together at least in such sections that abut each other. An epoxy resin adhesive is preferably used for this purpose.FIG. 3 shows a detail from the main module 11 in the region of a cast component 18 extending in the vehicle transverse direction Y, which in the mounted state of the body 10 is adjoined by a cast component, not shown, of the front module 12 which likewise extends in the transverse direction. In FIG. 3, the casting exterior part 18 of the main module 11 is coated with plastic 19 on the side facing the front module 12; alternatively, it can also be sheathed in sections with plastic 19. The surface of the corresponding cast panel of the front module 12 facing the main module 11 is preferably coated at least in sections with plastic or partially sheathed with plastic in order to provide highly accurate surfaces in the region of these cast panels, which are opposite one another or which adjoin one another and together define a joint gap, in which main module 11 and front module 12 are bonded via an adhesive, preferably an epoxy resin adhesive.The above partial coating or sheathing of the main module 11 and front module 12 with the plastic is preferably carried out by a resin transfer molding method, i.e. with the aid of transfer molding. In this case, preplasticized plastic is introduced into a chamber in which the component to be coated with plastic or to be coated with plastic is also arranged at least in sections. The plastic is injected into and left in the chamber to cure it.At least one component of the main module 11 and / or of the front module 12 is at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic in such a section which, in the assembled state, adjoins the respective other module of the main module 11 and front module 12. Preferably, at least one component of the main module 11 and at least one component of the front module 12 are at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially sheathed with plastic in sections which, in the assembled state, adjoin the respective other module of the main module 11 and front module 12.The main module 11 and the front module 12 are glued to one another at the sections of the main module 11 and front module 12 that are adjacent to one another, of which at least one of the sections that are adjacent to one another, preferably both sections that are adjacent to one another, is or are coated at least partially with plastic or are at least partially sheathed with plasticPreferably, before applying the adhesive, main module 11 and front module 12 are cleaned and dip-coated. After applying the adhesive to the components of main module 11 and / or front module 12 coated with plastic or coated with plastic and connecting them via the adhesive, modules 11, 12 can additionally be screwed and / or riveted, wherein in particular after screwing and / or riveting main module 11 and front module 12 the same are heated at least in regions in order to completely cure the adhesive connection, which is preferably provided via an epoxy resin adhesive.Accordingly, in the sense of the present invention, the main module 11 and the front module 12 of a body 10 of a motor vehicle are connected to one another in that a defined interface is provided at the sections of the main module 11 and front module 12 to be connected to one another, namely by at least partially coating or at least partially sheathing at least one of the components of the main module 11 and front module 12 to be connected to one another and by the subsequent adhesive bonding of these components in a corresponding joint gap between the same.In addition, the connection of the main module 11 and the front module 12 can take place via a three-dimensional interface which provides a form fit and force fit. In the area of this interface, the coating or sheathing with plastic and the adhesive bonding can also be provided.The coating or sheathing with the plastic is preferably carried out by a resin molding transfer method.

Claims

Body (10) of a motor vehicle, wherein the body (10) is composed of large modules, namely at least one main module (11) and one front module (12), wherein sections of main module (11) and front module (12) which adjoin one another are bonded to one another, characterized in that the sections of main module (11) and / or front module (12) which adjoin one another and are bonded to one another are at least partially coated with plastic or are at least partially coated with plastic.Body according to claim 1, characterised in that adjacent sections of the main module (11) and front module (12) are connected in a positive and non-positive manner via at least one interface between the main module (11) and front module (12), the main module (11) and the front module (12) are at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially coated with plastic in the region of the respective interface.Body according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the main module (11) and the front module (12) are bonded to the mutually adjoining sections of the main module (11) and front module (12) via an epoxy resin adhesive.Method for mounting a body (10) of a motor vehicle, wherein the body (10) is composed of large modules, namely at least one main module (11) and one front module (12), wherein the main module (11) and the front module (12) are bonded to one another at mutually adjoining sections of main module (11) and front module (12), characterized in that at least one component of the main module (11) and / or of the front module (12) is at least partially coated with plastic or at least partially coated with plastic in such a section which, in the mounted state, adjoins the respective other module of main module (11) and front module (12) and at which main module (11) and front module (12) are bonded to one another.Method according to claim 4, characterised in that the coating or sheathing with plastic is carried out by resin transfer moulding.Method according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the sections of the main module (11) and front module (12) which are to be bonded to one another are bonded by means of an epoxy resin adhesive.Method according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the main module (11) and the front module (12) are at least partially composed of cast components, wherein the coating or sheathing with plastic takes place in the region of at least one of the cast components.Method according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, after the coating or sheathing with plastic and before application of adhesive, cleaning and dip-coating of main module (11) and front module (12) is carried out.Method according to claim 8, characterised in that after application of the adhesive the main module (11) and the front module (12) are screwed and / or riveted together.Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that, after the main module (11) and front module (12) have been screwed and / or riveted, main module (11) and front module (12) are heated and cooled at least in the region of the applied adhesive.

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