Hybrid heating system

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid heating system (1) with at least one primary heat source (2) that can be operated with the aid of fuels, in particular with the aid of oil or gas, in particular an oil boiler or a gas boiler, with at least one heat pump (3), in particular an air-to-water heat pump, in particular an electrically operated heat pump, with at least one heat exchanger (4), in particular a radiator or a heater for heating a building. The hybrid heating system (1) according to the invention is improved in that the heat exchanger (4) and / or the heat pump (3) are fluidly integrated and / or arranged in the piping system (7) in such a way and the piping system (7) is fluidly and / or hydraulically controlled in such a way that the flow (14) is fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the heat exchanger (4), wherein the heat pump (3) is also fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the flow (14), so that the heat transfer fluid (8) of the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a) can be conveyed and / or conducted to the heat pump (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a hybrid heating system with at least one primary heat source, in particular an oil boiler or a gas boiler, which can be operated with the aid of fuels, in particular oil or gas, and with at least one heat pump, in particular an air-to-water heat pump, which can be operated electrically, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Such hybrid heating systems, or central heating systems, which incorporate a primary heat source that can be operated with oil or gas and a heat pump, are already well-known in the prior art. These primary heat sources include, for example, oil boilers, gas boilers, or gas-fired water heaters. The heat pumps used in such hybrid heating systems are typically electrically operated air-to-water heat pumps.

[0003] The corresponding hybrid heating systems or central heating systems have at least one heat exchanger, preferably several heat exchangers, in particular multiple radiators for heating rooms in a building, as well as a domestic hot water storage tank. The domestic hot water in the storage tank is heated by the hybrid heating system or central heating system and is then available to the building's hot water system, in particular as heated drinking water and / or heated shower water. Furthermore, such systems can also have a buffer storage tank that can store and / or receive a heated heat transfer fluid, and is therefore designed in particular as a separate component of the hybrid heating system or in particular as part of the primary heat source itself.The specific form this can take depends on the respective specific embodiment of the hybrid heating system and / or the respective specific embodiment of the respective primary heat source.

[0004] With the aid of the hybrid heating system, the aforementioned heat transfer fluid, in particular water, is heated by means of the primary heat source and / or the heat pump. The heated heat transfer fluid is then circulated through the heat exchanger, particularly with the aid of a heating pump, via a piping system. This piping system also connects the heat exchanger to the primary heat source and / or the buffer storage tank to create a heating circuit and / or enable the hybrid heating system to operate. Furthermore, the heat transfer fluid is circulated by the heat pump via the piping system, particularly with the aid of a circulation pump, to be heated by the heat pump. The piping system also connects the heat pump to the primary heat source and / or the buffer storage tank, and / or enables a fluid connection between these components.

[0005] Finally, the heat transfer fluid can be conveyed from the primary heat source and / or the buffer storage tank to the domestic hot water storage tank for heating domestic hot water temporarily stored in the domestic hot water storage tank, particularly when a hot water operation of the hybrid heating system is implemented, or the domestic hot water storage tank is effectively coupled to the primary heat source and / or the buffer storage tank via the piping system to realize the heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid to the domestic hot water.The latter can be achieved in different ways; in particular, the piping system has a heating pipe, which is partly designed in a heating coil manner, whereby the coiled section of the heating pipe is arranged running in the domestic hot water storage tank, so that the domestic hot water, in particular the drinking water, can be heated and / or warmed accordingly with the help of the heated heat transfer fluid flowing through the heating pipe.

[0006] In addition to the above statements, particular reference should now be made at this point to the following: Fig. Reference is made to Figure 1, which shows or represents a hybrid heating system 1 already known in the prior art. The following may now be stated in this regard: As can be seen from the Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the hybrid heating system 1 has a primary heat source 2, a heat pump 3, and a heat exchanger 4. A domestic hot water storage tank 5 is also provided. Thus, the Fig. 1. Furthermore, a buffer storage tank 6, arranged inside the primary heat source 2 in this embodiment, which the primary heat source 2 may, but does not necessarily have to, include as a component, as will be explained in more detail below. Also visible is the piping system 7 for conveying and / or guiding a heat transfer fluid 8 of the hybrid heating system 1. In particular, for the implementation of heating operation or a heating circuit, the piping system 7 includes a heating pump 9. Furthermore, the hybrid heating system 1 includes a circulation pump 10 for heating the heat transfer fluid 8 with the aid of the heat pump 3, and also a storage pump 11 for the implementation of domestic hot water operation, in particular for heating the domestic hot water 12 present in the domestic hot water storage tank 5, which in Fig. 1 is shown. To the one in Fig. 1 depicted or recognizable heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 (which is essentially also true for the Fig. 2 and Fig. (3 applies) Due to the schematic representation shown here, it should be explicitly pointed out that this is a purely schematic representation and not intended to be restrictive, depending on whether the hybrid heating system 1 has a buffer storage tank 6 as part of the primary heat source 2 or whether the hybrid heating system 1 has a buffer storage tank 6 as a separate component. In particular, the primary heat source 2 does not necessarily have to have a buffer storage tank 6 as part of itself. In the latter case, i.e., when the primary heat source 2 itself does not have a separate buffer storage tank 6, which is shown in the diagram in the Fig. 1 (as also in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) Depending on the specific embodiment of the hybrid heating system 1, the aforementioned temperature stratification either forms in a buffer storage tank 6, which is provided as a separate component of the system, or the heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 shown here forms in the primary heat source 2, with at least one first heat transfer fluid layer 13a at a higher temperature and at least one heat transfer fluid layer 13b at a lower temperature compared to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a. Such a "heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13" also forms if the primary heat source 2 has a heating coil and / or a pipe coil and / or a "heating chamber" for the heat transfer fluid 8 and the primary heat source 2 does not have a buffer storage tank 6 or if no separate buffer storage tank 6 is provided in the system.In this case, too, a first heat transfer fluid layer 13a exists, whereby the heat transfer fluid 8 from this heat transfer fluid layer 13a has a higher temperature than the heat transfer fluid 8 from the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b, which has a correspondingly lower temperature. This is illustrated here by way of example in the figures. Fig. 1 (as also in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) that the heat transfer fluid 8 has a temperature of 40° Celsius in the first heat transfer fluid temperature layer 13a and a temperature of 34° Celsius in the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b. As shown here in the Fig. 1 (as also in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) Schematically depicted, further heat transfer fluid layers 13c, 13d are present or formed between the first and second heat transfer fluid layers 13a and 13b, respectively, sloping downwards from top to bottom, for example, from 38° and 36° Celsius. Thus, in the respective previously mentioned component of the hybrid heating system 1, either in a buffer storage tank or in the primary heat source, a corresponding heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 forms, particularly after the corresponding heat transfer fluid 8 has been heated. The terms "heat transfer fluid temperature stratification," "first heat transfer fluid layer," and "second heat transfer fluid layer" could therefore also be replaced in the following by the terms "heat transfer fluid temperature ranges," "first heat transfer fluid range," and "second heat transfer fluid range," respectively; this should be noted.

[0007] As the Fig. As shown in Figure 1, in the hybrid heating system 1 known in the prior art, during operation of the hybrid heating system, at least one flow 14 is formed by the primary heat source 2 and / or by the existing buffer storage tank 6 and / or by the piping system 7. This flow 14 is supplied with the heat transfer fluid 8 from the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a, and at least one return 15 is formed. The heat transfer fluid 8 is then supplied to or returned from the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b via the return 15. The heated heat transfer fluid 8 is then supplied to the heat exchanger 4 via the flow 14 and returned to the primary heat source 2 or the buffer storage tank 6 via the return 15, as shown in Figure 1. Fig. 1 is evident.

[0008] In particular, the Fig. 1. It is also evident that the heat pump 3 is supplied with heat transfer fluid 8 from the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b, in particular with the help of the circulation pump 10, then the heat transfer fluid 8 can be heated accordingly with the help of the heat pump 3 and is then returned to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a via the pipe system 7 in the direction of the primary heat source 2 or in the direction of the buffer storage tank 6. In particular, in the hybrid heating system 1 known in the prior art, an outlet 16b of the heat pump 3 is connected to a flow connection of the primary heat source 2, and an inlet 16a of the heat pump 3 is connected to a return connection of the primary heat source 2.

[0009] In the previously described and in Fig. The efficiency of the known hybrid heating system 1 shown in Figure 1 is not yet optimal. Furthermore, the installation, control, and maintenance costs are correspondingly high. In particular, the less-than-optimal efficiency results in increased fuel consumption, even when the heat pump is primarily operated in a priority circuit, and the primary heat source is only activated when the heat pump's output is insufficient. Practical experience has shown that with the hybrid heating systems known in the prior art, especially those with a design like the one shown in Figure 1, the following problems arise: Fig. As shown in Figure 1, particularly during hot water operation of the hybrid heating system, i.e., especially when the domestic hot water 12 in the domestic hot water storage tank 5 needs to be heated quickly—for example, when several residents in an apartment building are showering simultaneously—it takes a relatively long time for the freshly flowing drinking water or domestic hot water 12 in the storage tank 5 to reach the desired temperature. Either the heat pump then has to operate for a relatively long time and / or the primary heat source has to be switched on additionally if necessary. Therefore, from both an economic and an ecological perspective, the known hybrid heating systems are not yet optimally designed.

[0010] The invention is therefore based on the objective of designing and / or further developing the aforementioned hybrid heating system in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages are reduced, in particular on the one hand the consumption of fossil fuels such as oil and / or gas is reduced, and on the other hand the time required to heat the domestic hot water in hot water operation of the hybrid heating system is reduced, and in particular the hybrid heating system is improved accordingly from an economic and / or ecological point of view.

[0011] The problem previously identified is now solved, at least initially, by the features of claim 1.

[0012] By integrating and / or arranging the heat exchanger and / or the heat pump in the piping system in such a way as to flow-wise, and by designing the piping system in such a way as to flow-wise and / or hydraulically control-wise, so that the flow line is flow-wise connected to the heat exchanger and / or can be effectively connected in terms of flow-wise, and so that the heat pump is also flow-wise connected to the flow line and / or can be effectively connected in terms of flow-wise, so that the heat transfer fluid of the first heat transfer fluid layer can be conveyed and / or conducted to the heat pump, significant advantages are now achieved and the previously described disadvantages known in the prior art are avoided.

[0013] In particular, compared to the previous state of the art, the usual flow path of the heat transfer fluid between the primary heat source / buffer storage tank and the heat pump has now been "reversed." According to the invention, the heat transfer fluid to be heated by the heat pump is now supplied from the first heat transfer fluid layer, with the heat transfer fluid already having a correspondingly higher temperature before being supplied to the heat pump. The heat transfer fluid heated by the heat pump is then returned to the second heat transfer fluid layer. This allows, in particular, the efficiency of the entire hybrid heating system to be increased, and also enables optimal temperature stratification of the heat transfer fluid in the primary heat source or buffer storage tank itself, especially without strong mixing or turbulence of the heat transfer fluid there.This has the particular consequence that, especially in a "priority circuit" implemented in a hybrid heating system, where the heat pump is operated first and the primary heat source is only activated if the amount of heat provided by the heat pump is insufficient, particularly during hot water operation, the higher efficiency allows the heat pump and / or the primary heat source to operate for a shorter time. Ultimately, because the heat pump receives the heat transfer fluid from the first heat transfer fluid layer, it starts heating the fluid from a higher temperature level, resulting in a very high final temperature of the heat transfer fluid achievable with the heat pump.A higher temperature level (than in the known state of the art) can be achieved, so that this heat transfer fluid at this high temperature can then be supplied to the second heat transfer fluid layer, particularly via the return flow. This allows for savings in fossil fuels such as oil and / or gas, as well as a reduction in the associated carbon dioxide emissions, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0014] In particular, the heat pump's inlet is now directly connected to the flow pipe, or can be directly connected, in terms of flow direction. During domestic hot water operation of the hybrid heating system, especially when the heating system is not in operation and the heat exchanger is bypassed, the flow pipe essentially becomes a "return" to the heat pump, which heats the heat transfer fluid accordingly. To implement the corresponding flow paths, the piping system can include at least one valve and / or a three-way connector and / or a bypass line, which will be explained in more detail below.

[0015] As a result, corresponding advantages have now been achieved and the disadvantages described at the beginning have been avoided.

[0016] There are now numerous possibilities for advantageously designing and further developing the hybrid heating system according to the invention. Reference may first be made to the claims subordinate to claim 1. In the following, a preferred embodiment of the hybrid heating system according to the invention will be explained and described in more detail with reference to the following drawing and the accompanying description. The drawing shows: Fig. 1. A schematic representation of a hybrid heating system already known in the prior art, as previously described above, Fig. 2 in a schematically very simplified representation a hybrid heating system according to the invention, in particular with the arrangement and / or integration of the individual components in the preferred embodiment according to the invention, as well as Fig. 3 that in Fig. 2. The hybrid heating system according to the invention is shown in Figure 2, with the additional illustration of a control and / or regulating device and the respective control-related connection to the essential components of the system shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2 hybrid heating systems shown.

[0017] This shows Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the hybrid heating system according to the invention 1.

[0018] First, at least one primary heat source 2, operable with the aid of fuels, in particular oil or gas, is provided or available. The primary heat source 2 can be designed and / or configured in particular as an oil boiler, a gas boiler, or a gas-fired water heater.

[0019] Furthermore, at least one heat pump 3, in particular an electrically operated one, is present or planned. In particular, heat pump 3 is designed as an air-to-water heat pump.

[0020] For heating a building (not shown here) and / or rooms within a building, the hybrid heating system 1 has at least one heat exchanger 4, and in particular several heat exchangers 4. The heat exchanger 4 is therefore designed in particular as a radiator.

[0021] Furthermore, the hybrid heating system 1 has at least one domestic hot water storage tank 5. In the domestic hot water storage tank 5, domestic hot water 12, in particular drinking water, is heated accordingly and can then be made available to a building's hot water system, in particular as heated shower water and / or as heated drinking water.

[0022] A buffer storage tank 6 is located here in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 (also in Fig. 1) - purely graphically - shown here as a possible, existing component of the hybrid heating system 1. It is conceivable and possible that the buffer storage tank 6 shown here is designed as a component and / or part of a primary heat source 2, i.e., in particular as a component of an oil and / or gas boiler, as shown here in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. It is also conceivable that the one shown here in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The buffer storage tank, shown in particular as part of the primary heat source 2, is arranged and / or designed as a separate component of the hybrid heating system 1. Furthermore, it is also conceivable and / or possible that no buffer storage tank 6 is present, but rather that the components in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 shown here for the buffer storage tank 6 then forms accordingly in a primary heat source 2, in particular in a heating chamber there for heating the heat transfer fluid and / or in a pipe coil or the like there. In other words, the first heat transfer fluid layer and the second heat transfer fluid layer can therefore form accordingly in a primary heat source 2 in the corresponding usual areas there, whereby the primary heat source 2 then has a first area / the first heat transfer fluid layer with a heat transfer fluid of a higher temperature and a second area / a second heat transfer fluid layer with a heat transfer fluid of a lower temperature. In the case that only one primary heat source 2 is provided or present, the expression / term "heat transfer fluid temperature stratification" or "first heat transfer fluid layer" or "first heat transfer fluid layer" is therefore not applicable.The term "second heat transfer fluid layer" is not restrictive, and these terms could be replaced, in particular, by the terms "heat transfer fluid temperature ranges", "first heat transfer fluid area", and "second heat transfer fluid area", as already explained at the beginning. All possibilities are to be included here accordingly, as illustrated in the... Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is therefore not restrictive.

[0023] A heat transfer fluid 8, in particular water, can now be heated by means of the primary heat source 2 and / or the heat pump 3. The heat transfer fluid 8 can therefore be received and / or partially stored in the buffer storage tank 6 shown here or in the primary heat source 2 and heated by the corresponding means shown here. Fig. 2 and Fig. The three schematically depicted pipes, or the pipe system 7, are conveyed according to the flow arrows shown there. The following is a fundamental principle: By means of a piping system 7, which includes appropriate lines, in particular pipes, pipe connections and / or hoses and / or hollow profiles, the heat transfer fluid 8, in particular previously heated, can first be conveyed through the heat exchanger 4, in particular with the aid of a heating pump 9, especially with the corresponding valve position of the valve 17, which will be explained in more detail below. In particular, the heat exchanger 4 is thereby fluidically connected and / or fluidically effectively connected to the flow line 14 by means of the piping system 7 for the realization of a heating circuit and / or heating operation of the hybrid heating system 1. Furthermore, the heat transfer fluid 8 can be conveyed by the heat pump 3 for heating by means of the piping system 7, in particular with the aid of a circulation pump 10. In particular, the heat transfer fluid 8 then reaches the heat pump 3 via an inlet 16a.via a process 16b of the heat pump 3 the heat transfer fluid 8 back to the primary heat source 2 or back into the buffer storage tank 6, as from the . Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 recognizable.

[0024] Furthermore, the heat transfer fluid 8 can be conveyed from the primary heat source 2 or from the buffer storage tank 6 to the domestic hot water storage tank 5 by means of the piping system 7, in particular with the aid of a storage pump 11, for heating domestic hot water 12 temporarily stored in the domestic hot water storage tank 5, in particular for the realization of a hot water operation, preferably for the hot water system of a building, or the domestic hot water storage tank 5 is effectively coupled or can be coupled to the primary heat source 2 or to the buffer storage tank 6 by means of the piping system 7 for the realization of the heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid 8 to the domestic hot water 12.

[0025] As the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show and also to Fig. As already explained at the beginning, a heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 is formed during the operation of the hybrid heating system 1. The heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 has, in particular, several heat transfer fluid layers 13a to 13d with different temperatures (or "temperature layers") of the heat transfer fluid 8. Specifically, the heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13 has at least a first heat transfer fluid layer 13a with a higher temperature and at least a second heat transfer fluid layer 13b with a lower temperature compared to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a. In other words: Functionally, there are therefore several heat transfer fluid layers 13a to 13d (or heat transfer fluid areas) that form the aforementioned heat transfer fluid temperature layer 13 either in a buffer storage tank 6 (if present) or functionally in the primary heat source 2.In this case, the heat transfer fluid 8 of each heat transfer fluid layer 13a to 13d has a specific temperature, and the temperature of a heat transfer fluid 8 in a different heat transfer fluid layer is different. Therefore, there are several heat transfer fluid layers with heat transfer fluid at different temperatures, with at least one first heat transfer fluid layer 13a having a higher temperature, for example, 40° Celsius, and at least one second heat transfer fluid layer 13b having a lower temperature compared to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a, in particular 34° Celsius.

[0026] Between the first and second heat transfer fluid layers 13a, 13b, further heat transfer fluid layers 13c and 13d may be present or formed, for example at 38° Celsius and 36° Celsius respectively.

[0027] In operation of the hybrid heating system 1, at least one flow 14 is supplied with the heat transfer fluid 8 from the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a via the primary heat source 2 and / or the existing buffer storage tank 6 and / or the piping system 7. Furthermore, a return 15 is provided or already present, which feeds the heat transfer fluid 8 back to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b. Fig. 2 and Fig. Figures 3 show the schematically represented supply line 14 and return line 15 respectively, and the corresponding pipe sections of the pipe system 7.

[0028] The disadvantages mentioned at the outset are now avoided by the fact that the heat exchanger 4 and / or the heat pump 3 are fluidly integrated and / or arranged in the piping system 7 in such a way and the piping system 7 is fluidly and / or hydraulically controlled in such a way that the flow line 14 is fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the heat exchanger 4, and the heat pump 3 is also fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the flow line 14, so that the heat transfer fluid 8 can be conveyed and / or conducted from the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a to the heat pump 3.

[0029] As already mentioned at the beginning, this achieves decisive advantages; in particular, an inlet 16a of the heat pump 3 can now be directly connected to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a in terms of flow, and an outlet 16b of the heat pump 3 can then be connected to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b in terms of flow, as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is evident. This increases the efficiency of the entire hybrid heating system 1, so that in particular the combustion of fossil fuels such as oil or gas can be saved. In particular, the heat pump 3 can be used, especially within the framework of a priority circuit, before the primary heat source 2 can be switched on for heating the heat transfer fluid 8.It is necessary to achieve a desired, specific, very high temperature of the heat transfer fluid 8 and thus – ultimately – also a desired, specific high temperature of the domestic hot water 12, particularly in hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1, relatively quickly. For this purpose, the inlet 16a of the heat pump 3 can be connected to the flow 14 in hot water operation, and the heat pump 3 can then be operated from a higher temperature level of the heat transfer fluid 8 – than is usually the case in the state of the art – and thus – ultimately – heat transfer fluid 8 can also be supplied to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b at a very high temperature, as already explained at the beginning.

[0030] As from the Fig. 2 and Fig. As is further clearly shown in Figure 3, the inlet 16a of the heat pump 3 is fluidically connected to the flow 14 of the heat exchanger 4 and / or fluidically, in particular directly, connectable. The piping system 7 has at least one valve 17 and / or 3-way connector 18. The different valve positions of the valve 17 and the resulting flow paths in the piping system 7 are shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The first valve position I of valve 17 is indicated by the corresponding "arrow I" and the second valve position II of valve 17 by the corresponding "arrow II"; this should be noted.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be noted that the flow 14, in particular the line leading to the heat exchanger 4, as well as the return 15, i.e. the line of the piping system 7 leading back to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b, as well as the inlet 16a and the outlet 16b of the heat pump 3 are realized by the lines of the piping system 7 shown schematically here or by corresponding connections on the respective components.

[0032] As from the Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in the first valve position I of valve 17, the heat exchanger 4 is now fluidly connected to the heat pump 3. Specifically, in this case, the heat exchanger 4 and the heat pump 3 are fluidly connected in series, whereby the heat transfer fluid 8 can flow from the primary heat source 2 or the buffer storage tank 6 to the heat exchanger 4 and then from the heat exchanger 4 to the heat pump 3. In this case, the heat exchanger 4 is ultimately also fluidly connected and / or connectable to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b via the return line 15.In the first valve position I of valve 17, a flow of the heat transfer fluid 8 is realized, particularly during operation of the heating pump 9 and / or the circulation pump 10, from the primary heat source 2 via the supply line 14, via the heating pump 9 to the heat exchanger 4 via valve 17, then via the inlet 16a to the heat pump 3 and via the outlet 16b of the heat pump 3, particularly via the circulation pump 10, via the return line 15 back to the primary heat source 2 or to the buffer storage tank 6. Thus, a flow of the heat transfer fluid 8 from the heat exchanger 4 via the heat pump 3 to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b is realized or can be realized. This applies to the first valve position I of valve 17. In this operation of the hybrid heating system 1, the heating operation is realized in particular when the rooms of a building are heated with the help of the heat exchanger 4 and / or several heat exchangers 4.In this context, heat pump 3 can be operated first, particularly within a priority circuit. If this is insufficient, primary heat source 2 can then be additionally activated (parallel heating operation). To operate primary heat source 2, the flame 19, shown here symbolically, is "activated".

[0033] The following explanations apply essentially to the second valve position II of valve 17: In the second valve position II of valve 17, the flow line 14 is directly connected to the heat pump 3. In particular, the heat transfer fluid 8 can then be routed and / or conveyed past the heat exchanger 4, especially via a bypass line 20, to the heat pump 3. Therefore, in the second valve position II of valve 17, the flow line 14 is directly connected and / or connectable to the heat pump 3 via the bypass line 20. The flow path of the heat transfer fluid 8 is then realized from the primary heat source 2 or from the buffer storage tank 6 via the flow line 14, via the bypass line 20, and then via the valve 17 to the heat pump 3.In this process, the heat transfer fluid 8 from the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a is supplied to the heat pump 3 via the inlet 16a of the heat pump 3. The heat transfer fluid 8 is then returned via the outlet 16b of the heat pump 3 and the return line 15 to the primary heat source 2 or to the buffer storage tank 6, specifically to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b. This cycle is implemented particularly when the domestic hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1 is also in operation. This ensures that the domestic hot water 12 in the domestic hot water storage tank 5 can be heated as quickly as possible, especially since the full output of the heat pump 3 can then be used for heating the domestic hot water 12 without the hybrid heating system 1 having to operate for heating purposes.

[0034] As the Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows that the valve 17 is designed in particular as a 3 / 2-way valve, wherein the piping system 7 also has a 3-way connector 18 and / or the bypass line 20 to realize the aforementioned flow paths.

[0035] The valve 17, the 3-way connector 18, and the bypass line 20 can be arranged and / or configured, in particular, in or on a hydraulic module, which can be mounted separately. The hydraulic module is then configured, in particular, as a connection box that can be integrated into the piping system 7 and / or flow-connected to the piping system 7. This connection box, in particular, comprises the valve 17, the 3-way connector 18, the bypass line 20, and the connections for implementing the [configuration / function] described in the [configuration / configuration]. Fig. 2 and Fig. The connection box has three flow connections for the heat transfer fluid 8, as shown in Figure 3. Specifically, the connection box has at least one connection for the heat transfer fluid 8 coming via the supply line 14, one connection for the heat transfer fluid 8 flowing to the heat exchanger 4, one connection for the heat transfer fluid 8 coming from the heat exchanger 4, and one connection for the heat transfer fluid 8 flowing to the inlet 16a of the heat pump 3. In particular, the connection box can also have a connection for the heat transfer fluid 8 flowing back from the heat pump 3 via the outlet 16b, and a pipe section that is connected to another connection of the connection box, which can then be connected to the return line 15. This allows the heat transfer fluid to flow from the outlet of the heat pump, via the connection box, to the return line or to the second heat transfer fluid layer.In particular, the connection box therefore preferably has at least the four or six connections and / or the corresponding cable sections or sections described above. Specifically, the connection box has a housing with appropriate insulation material and corresponding connections and / or cable sections or cable sections integrated into the connection box. It should be explicitly noted here that the positioning of the [device / component] is [specific to the context]. Fig. 2 and Fig. The positions of the valve 17 and the 3-way connector 18 shown in Figure 3 within the piping system 7 are interchangeable. If this positioning is reversed, the flow of the heat transfer fluid to the heat exchanger would occur in the first valve position, and in the second valve position, it would flow past the heat exchanger to the heat pump.

[0036] It is also conceivable or possible that, particularly with the aid of such a connection box, an existing heating system could be easily retrofitted / converted to the hybrid heating system according to the invention. In particular, the connection box thus designed, especially for retrofitting a heating system, and especially for implementing the hybrid heating system described here according to the invention, could also be claimed separately as an essential aspect by a separate, particularly dependent, claim; this should also be noted here.

[0037] For the sake of completeness, the hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1, in particular the heat transfer from the heated heat transfer fluid 8 to the domestic hot water 12, may also be explained in more detail: The piping system 7 has at least one heating pipe 21 for heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid 8 to the domestic hot water 12. An inlet 22 of the heating pipe 21 is fluidically connected to the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a, and an outlet 23 of the heating pipe 21 is fluidically connected to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b. The heating pipe 21 is, in particular, at least partially designed as a heating coil, with this part of the heating pipe 21 then arranged in a correspondingly helical configuration in the domestic hot water storage tank 5, as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is evident or shown here.

[0038] As will continue to emerge from the Fig. 2 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the domestic hot water storage tank 5 has at least one water inlet 24, in particular a cold water inlet for supplying water to the domestic hot water storage tank 5, and at least one hot water outlet 25 for discharging heated water, in particular for the hot water system of a building. The correspondingly heated domestic hot water 12 can then be used via the hot water outlet 25, in particular as heated drinking water or as heated shower water.

[0039] The Fig. Figure 3 shows in particular additional components for controlling and / or regulating the hybrid heating system 1. For controlling in particular the pumps 9, 10 and 11 as well as the valve 17 and also the other control-related components, at least one control and / or regulation direction 26 is provided.

[0040] But as also from the Fig. As is clearly shown in Figure 3, the domestic hot water storage tank 5 has at least one temperature sensor, in particular two temperature sensors 27 and 28, for determining the respective temperature of the domestic hot water 12. Thus, with at least one temperature sensor 27 or 28, the corresponding temperature of the domestic hot water 12 is determined, particularly within a specific domestic hot water temperature layer of the domestic hot water temperature stratification present in the domestic hot water storage tank 5.

[0041] In the preferred embodiment shown here, a first temperature sensor 27 is functionally provided and / or arranged in a first – vertically viewed – lower height or half of the domestic hot water storage tank 5, and a second temperature sensor 28 is functionally provided and / or arranged in a – vertically viewed – middle or upper height of the domestic hot water storage tank. However, it is also conceivable that only one temperature sensor is sufficient for controlling and / or implementing the corresponding flow paths and / or circuits of the hybrid heating system 1 described above; this should be noted.

[0042] As the Fig.As further made clear in Figure 3, the control and / or regulating device 26 is now effectively connected to the respective components of the hybrid heating system 1 via control technology and / or signal technology and / or data technology for the realization of a respective specific operation of the hybrid heating system 1, in particular a heating operation or a hot water operation. These respective connections are shown here by dashed lines.

[0043] In particular, the control and / or regulating device 26 is connected to the respective pumps, especially the heating, ambient and / or storage pump 9, 10, 11 and / or to the valve 17 and / or to the primary heat source 2 and / or to the heat pump 3 or to one of the temperature sensors, especially to the two temperature sensors 27 and 28 of the domestic hot water storage tank 5. Likewise, the control and regulating device 26 can be connected to the heat exchanger 4, especially to a heat exchanger control unit and / or a room temperature setting unit, via control and / or data transmission.

[0044] It should be emphasized again that, with the aid of the control and / or regulating device 26, the primary heat source 2 for heating the heat transfer fluid 8 can only be operated and / or activated, in particular additionally, when the heat demand of the domestic hot water storage tank 5 and / or the heat demand of the heat exchanger 4, in particular the heat demand of a room and / or a building and / or a building's hot water system, exceeds the amount of heat that can be provided by the heat pump 3 at its maximum output. In other words, a "priority circuit" is initially implemented here with the aid of the control and / or regulating device 26, so that the heat pump 3 is always operated or activated first, and if the heat pump 3 is no longer sufficient to generate the desired amount of heat, then the primary heat source 2 is additionally activated.

[0045] Furthermore, it can be briefly summarized again that during hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1, the valve 17 can be switched to its second switching position II, so that the flow 14 (of the heat exchanger 4) is flow-wise connected to a return (of the heat exchanger 4 via the bypass line 20), so that the heat transfer fluid 8 from the first heat transfer fluid layer 13a flows via the flow 14, in particular to the 3-way connector 18, then via the bypass line 20 and then via the valve 17, in particular via the 3-way valve in the second switching position II, via the inlet 16a of the heat pump 3 to heat the heat transfer fluid 8 in the heat pump 3 and then from the heat pump 3 via the outlet 16b and the return 15 to the second heat transfer fluid layer 13b. and / or is eligible for funding.The hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1 is implemented, in particular, when the respective temperature of the domestic hot water 12, determined by the first and / or the second temperature sensor 27 or 28, falls below a specific limit temperature, especially a desired domestic hot water temperature. Specifically, it should be noted that the hot water operation of the hybrid heating system 1 is activated immediately when the temperature of the domestic hot water 12 in the lower half of the domestic hot water storage tank 5 is determined by the first temperature sensor 27 – viewed vertically – and the temperature measured there falls below a first limit temperature.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the aforementioned and described cycles of the hybrid heating system, in particular heating operation, hot water operation and the implementation of the priority circuit for the operation of the heat pump 3, are also special aspects that may be subject to separate independent process claims. Reference symbol list: 1 Hybrid heating system 2 Primary heat source 3 Heat pump 4 heat exchangers 5 domestic hot water storage tanks 6 buffer storage tanks 7. Piping system 8 Heat transfer fluid 9 Heating pump 10 Circulation pump 11 Storage pump 12 Domestic water 13 Heat transfer fluid temperature stratification 13a first heat transfer fluid layer 13b second heat transfer fluid layer 13c, 13d further heat transfer fluid layers 14 preliminary round 15 return 16a Inlet 16b Expiry 17 valve 18 3-way connector 19 flames 20 Bypass line 21 Heating cable 22 Inflow 23 Drain 24 Water inflow 25 Hot water drain 26 Control and / or regulating device 27 first temperature sensor 28 second temperature sensor I first valve position II second valve position

Claims

[1] Hybrid heating system (1) comprising at least one primary heat source (2) that can be operated with the aid of fuels, in particular oil or gas, in particular an oil boiler or a gas boiler, comprising at least one heat pump (3), in particular an air-to-water heat pump, in particular an electrically operated heat pump, comprising at least one heat exchanger (4), in particular a radiator for heating a building, comprising at least one domestic hot water storage tank (5), and comprising at least one piping system (7) for receiving and / or conveying a heat transfer fluid (8), in particular water, wherein the heat transfer fluid (8) can be heated by means of the primary heat source (2) and / or the heat pump (3), wherein the heat transfer fluid (8), in particular previously heated, is conveyed by means of the piping system (7) through the heat exchanger (4), in particular with the aid of a heating pump (9),is capable of being conveyed and / or wherein the heat exchanger (4) is fluidically connected and / or fluidically effectively connected to the primary heat source (2) and / or to an existing buffer storage tank (6) for the realization of a heating circuit and / or heating operation by means of the piping system (7), wherein the heat transfer fluid (8) is capable of being conveyed by the heat pump (3) for its heating by means of the piping system, in particular by means of a circulation pump (10), and / or wherein the heat pump (3) is fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the primary heat source (2) and / or to the buffer storage tank (6) by means of the piping system (7), wherein the heat transfer fluid (8) is conveyed by means of the piping system (7), in particular by means of a storage pump (11), for the heating of domestic hot water (12) temporarily stored in the domestic hot water storage tank (5), in particular for the realization of a hot water operation,from the primary heat source (2) and / or from the buffer storage tank (6) to the domestic hot water storage tank (5) and / or the domestic hot water storage tank (5) is effectively coupled to the primary heat source (2) and / or the buffer storage tank (6) by means of the piping system (7) to realize the heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid (8) to the domestic hot water (12), wherein, during operation of the hybrid heating system (1), a heat transfer fluid temperature stratification (13) is essentially formed in the primary heat source (2) and / or in the buffer storage tank (6), and the heat transfer fluid temperature stratification (13) has at least a first heat transfer fluid layer (13a) with a higher temperature and at least a second heat transfer fluid layer (13b) with a lower temperature compared to the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a),and wherein, in the operation of the hybrid heating system (1), at least one flow (14) supplied with the heat transfer fluid (8) from the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a) and at least one return (15) supplying the heat transfer fluid (8) to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b) is provided and / or available through the primary heat source (2) and / or through the existing buffer storage tank (6) and / or through the piping system (7), , characterized by, that the heat exchanger (4) and / or the heat pump (3) are fluidly integrated and / or arranged in the piping system (7) in such a way and the piping system (7) is fluidly and / or hydraulically controlled in such a way that the flow line (14) is fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the heat exchanger (4), wherein the heat pump (3) is also fluidly connected and / or fluidly effectively connected to the flow line (14) so ​​that the heat transfer fluid (8) of the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a) can be conveyed and / or conducted to the heat pump (3). [2] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the piping system (7) has at least one valve (17) and / or a 3-way connector (18) and / or a bypass line (20), in particular that an inlet (16a) of the heat pump (3) can be connected to the flow line (14) via the valve (17), the bypass line (20) and the 3-way connector (18). [3] Hybrid heating system according to claim 2, characterized by , that in a first valve position (I) of the valve (17) the heat exchanger (4) is fluidly connected to the heat pump (3), in particular the heat exchanger (4) and the heat pump (3) are then fluidly connected in series and the heat transfer fluid (8) is conductable and / or pumpable from the heat exchanger (4) to the heat pump (3). [4] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the heat exchanger (4) is fluidically connected and / or connectable to the return (15), in particular in the first valve position (I) of the valve a flow of the heat transfer fluid (8) from the heat exchanger (4) via the heat pump (3) to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b) is realized and / or can be realized. [5] Hybrid heating system according to one of claims 2 to 4 , characterized by , that in a second valve position (II) of the valve (17) the flow line (14) is fluidically connected to the heat pump (3), in particular wherein the heat transfer fluid (8) can then be directed and / or conveyed past the heat exchanger (4), in particular via a bypass line (20), to the heat pump (3) and heat transfer fluid (8) heated by the heat pump (3) can be supplied to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b). [6] Hybrid heating system according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by, that the supply line (14), in particular in the second valve position (II) of the valve (17), is connected and / or connectable to the inlet (16a) to the heat pump (3) via a bypass line (20), whereby a flow of the heat transfer fluid (8) from the supply line (14) via the bypass line (20) to the heat pump (3) and from here, in particular via an outlet (16b) of the heat pump (3), to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b) is realized. [7] Hybrid heating system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by , that the valve (17) is designed as a 3 / 2-way valve. [8] Hybrid heating system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized by, that the valve (17) and the 3-way connector (18) and the bypass line (20) are arranged and / or formed in and / or on a hydraulic module, wherein the hydraulic module is designed as a connection box that can be integrated into the piping system and / or flow-connected to the piping system (7). [9] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the piping system (7) for heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid (8) to the domestic hot water (12) has at least one heating pipe (21) and an inflow (22) of the heating pipe (21) is fluidically connected to the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a) and an outflow (23) of the heating pipe (21) is fluidly connected to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b), in particular the heating pipe (21) is at least partially designed as a heating coil and / or the heating coil-like area of ​​the heating pipe (21) is arranged running in the domestic hot water storage tank (5). [10] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the domestic hot water storage tank (5) has at least one water inlet (24), in particular a cold water inlet, for supplying water to the domestic hot water storage tank (5) and at least one hot water outlet (25) for supplying heated water, in particular for the hot water system of a building. [11] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the domestic hot water storage tank (5) has at least one temperature sensor, in particular two temperature sensors (27, 28), for determining the respective temperature of the domestic hot water, in particular in a specific domestic hot water temperature layer of a domestic hot water temperature stratification present in the domestic hot water storage tank. [12] Hybrid heating system according to claim 11, characterized by, that a first temperature sensor (27) is functionally provided and / or arranged in a first - vertically considered - lower height of the domestic hot water storage tank (5) and a second temperature sensor (28) is functionally provided and / or arranged in a - vertically considered - middle or upper height of the domestic hot water storage tank (5). [13] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that at least one control and / or regulating device (26) is provided and / or is present, wherein the control and / or regulating device (26) is effectively connected, in terms of control technology and / or signal technology and / or data technology, to the respective pumps, in particular the heating, circulation and / or storage pump (9, 10, 11), and / or to the valve (17) and / or to the primary heat source (2) and / or to the heat pump (3) and / or to at least one temperature sensor (27, 28) of the domestic hot water storage tank (5) and / or to the heat exchanger (4) and / or to a room temperature setting unit for the realization of an operation of the hybrid heating system (1), in particular a heating operation or a hot water operation. [14] Hybrid heating system according to claim 12, characterized by, that with the help of the control and / or regulating device (26) the primary heat source (2) for heating the heat transfer fluid (8) can only be operated and / or activated, in particular additionally, when a heat demand of the domestic hot water storage tank (5) and / or a heat demand of the heat exchanger (4), in particular the heat demand of a room and / or a building, exceeds a quantity of heat that can be provided by the heat pump (3) at maximum output of the heat pump (3). [15] Hybrid heating system according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized by, that in hot water operation of the hybrid heating system (1) the valve (17), in particular in its second switching position (II), can be switched in such a way that the flow line (14) is directly connected to the heat pump (3) via the bypass line (20) in terms of flow, so that the heat transfer fluid (8) from the first heat transfer fluid layer (13a), in particular up to the 3-way connecting piece (18), then via the bypass line (20), and then, in particular via the 3-way valve in the second switching position (II), to the inlet (16a) of the heat pump (3) for heating the heat transfer fluid in the heat pump (3) and then from the heat pump (3) from the outlet (16b) of the heat pump (3) to the second heat transfer fluid layer (13b) can be conveyed and / or pumped. [16] Hybrid heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that hot water operation is then feasible when the respective temperature of the domestic hot water (12) determined with the help of the first and / or the second temperature sensor (27, 28) falls below a respective certain limit temperature, in particular that hot water operation can be activated immediately when the temperature determined with the first temperature sensor (27) falls below the corresponding certain limit temperature.

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